CN1270851A - 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂 - Google Patents
乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1270851A CN1270851A CN00106401A CN00106401A CN1270851A CN 1270851 A CN1270851 A CN 1270851A CN 00106401 A CN00106401 A CN 00106401A CN 00106401 A CN00106401 A CN 00106401A CN 1270851 A CN1270851 A CN 1270851A
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- catalyst
- ferriferous oxide
- iron
- roasting
- oxide
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Walocel Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;oxalate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910006299 γ-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,用于制备该催化剂的铁氧化物是通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的,制备这种催化剂的方法,以及在这种催化剂存在时使乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法。
Description
本发明涉及一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,制备这种催化剂的方法,以及在这种催化剂存在时使乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法。
对于制备以Fe2O3和K2O为基础的苯乙烯催化剂,通常使用天然的或合成的铁氧化物如α-FeOOH、α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3和Fe3O4。通常通过铁盐溶液沉淀和热分解来制备合成的铁氧化物。
作为制备脱氢催化剂中的铁组分,除了传统的铁氧化物,还公开了一些特殊的铁氧化物或改性的铁氧化物。
在EP-A 0,532,078中描述的用于制备脱氢催化剂的含铁化合物中含有10-100wt%的层状铁氧化物,该铁氧化物优选具有少于100μm的最大薄层尺寸。
US 5,023,225描述了使用铬改性的铁氧化物制备脱氢催化剂。将黄色的铁水合物与氧化铬或铬盐混合,并加热混合物,来制备红色的铁氧化物。
WO 96/18593描述了一种含铁的脱氢催化剂,其铁组分在催化剂中为双峰的孔尺寸分布。优选使用磁性铁氧化物,如磁铁矿。
在WO 96/18458中采用一种预处理(预先用浓剂处理(predoped))的铁氧化物。使用一种预先制成浓液的、选自含有Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Ta,Mo,W,Mn,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Ni,Pd,Pt,Cu,Ag,Au,Zn,Cd,Hg,Al,Ga,In,Tl,Ge,Sn,Pb,Bi,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb和Lu等元素的物质进行预处理,并将铁氧化物混合物加热到至少600℃。然后形成催化剂。
WO 96/18594描述了一种铁氧化物催化剂,其中含有最大平均尺寸范围为2-10μm的铁氧化物颗粒。平均孔径为0.22-0.30μm,孔体积为0.16-0.22cm3/g。使用由铁屑制备的铁氧化物α-Fe(OOH),通过黄色的α-Fe(OOH)中间产物(Penniman铁氧化物)的脱水作用进行制备。
WO 96/18457描述了一种制备铁氧化物催化剂的方法,其中在与一种或多种促进剂混合之前,对铁氧化物进行重整,以形成表面积(BET)小于1.9m2/g、颗粒长度为0.3-3μm、颗粒宽度为0.2-2μm的铁氧化物颗粒。所使用的重整试剂为元素Mo,Cu,Ca,Zn,Mn,Sn,Ti,Bi,Co,Ce,W,Cr,Mg和V的化合物。
作为原料,所述的催化剂需要精制或改性的铁氧化物。
因此本发明的一个目的是克服上述缺点并发现一种用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂,这种催化剂便宜并且容易合成。具体地,该催化剂应具有高的孔体积,同时具有高活性、高选择性和高的机械稳定性。
因此我们已经发现了一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,制备该催化剂采用的是一种通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的铁氧化物。
优选地,该铁氧化物是利用Ruthner方法,例如EP-A 0,850,881中所描述的通过喷射焙烧一种含氯化铁的盐酸溶液得到的。
通过喷射焙烧含氯化铁的盐酸溶液得到的铁氧化物通常含有残留量的氯,这一残留量的氯应低于3000ppm,优选低于2000ppm,进一步优选低于1500ppm。
对于本发明的催化剂的制备来说,一种通过喷射焙烧法制备的铁氧化物是适合的,该铁氧化物的压实密度范围为0.6-1,优选为0.6-0.8g/cm3,比表面积范围为1-10,优选为2-7,进一步优选为3-5m2/g。
本发明的催化剂的孔体积为至少0.2cm3/g,优选范围为0.25-0.5cm3/g。平均孔径(中位值)至少为0.3μm,优选范围为0.4-0.8μm。
除了铁氧化物以外,本发明的催化剂通常还含有至少一种钾化合物。所使用的钾化合物优选为碳酸钾、氢氧化钾或草酸钾。优选地,以K2O计算,该催化剂含有5-40wt%的钾。
另外,该催化剂可以按通常浓度含有一种或多种传统的促进剂,以增大选择性、活性或稳定性。适合的促进剂为选自Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Ta,Mo,W,Mn,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Ni,Pd,Pt,Cu,Ag,Au,Zn,Cd,Hg,Al,Ga,In,Tl,Na,Cs,La,Li,Ge,Sn,Pb,Bi,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb和Lu等元素的化合物,这些化合物可以单独或混合使用。优选的促进剂为选自Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W,Ti,Mn,Co和Al等元素的化合物。特别优选的促进剂为Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo和W。该催化剂可以含有一种、优选为两种,并且进一步优选为三种或多种Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W的促进剂。按最稳定的氧化物计算,促进剂优选的加入量为0-15wt%,具体为1-10wt%。
如果需要的话,本发明中所采用的铁氧化物可以含有部分或全部钾化合物或所述的促进剂。为了这一目的,例如可以将部分钾化合物和/或部分促进剂加入到用于喷射焙烧过程的铁盐溶液中。
本发明的催化剂可以通过已知的单步或多步制造方法得到,例如在EP-A0,195,252或EP-A 0,866,731中所描述的。为了这一目的,通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液制备的铁氧化物可以单独使用或者与传统的天然或合成的铁氧化物如α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3或Fe3O4一起使用。以所采作的全部铁化合物为基准,通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液制备的铁氧化物的含量为10-100mol%,优选为50-100mol%。
最终的粉末状催化剂组分可以干燥混合,或悬浮在水中混合并且喷射干燥。然后将干燥的粉末造粒得到机械稳定的成型产品,或加入水转化成糊状组合物并挤出成型,然后将挤出物粉碎为特定的长度。针对这一目的,可以使用成型助剂如硬脂酸盐、Walocel、石墨或淀粉。优选地,将催化剂组合物进行处理,以形成直径为2.5-6mm、长度为5-50mm的实心或中空的挤出物。特别优选的是使挤出物具有图1所示星形截面,并且为3mm的实心挤出物。
然后通常在80-140℃的温度范围内,将挤出物连续或间歇干燥。然后按一步或多步过程,在200-1000℃的温度范围内,将干燥成型的产品回火和/或煅烧。
本发明的催化剂适合用于烃类的非氧化脱氢,特别适用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯。为了这一目的,通常在500-700℃内,将摩尔比为2-20、优选为5-15的蒸汽和乙苯的混合物通过催化剂。在绝热过程中,反应器入口温度通常为600-650℃,然后由于反应吸热降至530-570℃。该反应优选在大气压或低于大气压的压力下进行。
本发明的催化剂具有大的孔体积。作为结果,在不降低活性或选择性的条件下,针对3mm固体催化剂挤出物进行测量时,每升催化剂的重量降低到1.3kg/L以下。同时,大于20N的刀切硬度对工业应用来说是足够的。
实施例
实施例1
在搅拌条件下,向168g K2CO3、200g Ce2(CO3)3、46g CaCO3、29g MoO3和61g碱式碳酸镁(4-MgCO3xMg(OH)3·4H2O)与4.3L水所形成的悬浮液中加入900g铁氧化物Hoogovens RIO-200(由Hoogovens Staal BV出售)。然后在固含量为25wt%时,将喷射颗粒进行喷雾干燥。将所得到的含有大约(ca)340ml水的喷射粉末处理30分钟,形成糊状组合物,然后在挤压机中成形,得到直径为3mm的圆柱形实心挤出物,将该挤出物粉碎成长度为大约(ca)10mm的颗粒。然后在120℃下,在强制通风(forced air)的烘箱中,将催化剂挤出物干燥1小时,然后在煅烧炉中,首先在300下干燥2小时,然后在875℃干燥1小时。
对比例C1到C3
重复实施例1,只是按照相同的用量,将其中的铁氧化物用下列合成铁氧化物代替:
C1∶沉积α-Fe2O3: Bayferrox 1360
C2∶合成γ-Fe2o3: BayferroxE AB 21
C3∶沉积α-Fe2o3: Bayferrrox 720N
有关催化剂挤出物的数据列于表1中。
实施例2
在搅拌条件下,向168g钾碱、249g Ce2(CO3)3、34g水合熟石灰、35g仲钼酸铵和26g菱镁矿与4.3L水所形成的悬浮液中加入900g铁氧化物HoogovensRio-250(由Hoogovens Staal BV出售)。用大约500mL水将所形成的喷射粉末处理大约30分钟,以形成糊状组合物,然后将该糊状组合物挤出成形,制得直径为3mm的实心圆柱,并将这些圆柱切成长度为大约1mm的小圆柱。然后将这些催化剂挤出物在120℃下干燥1h,并且在煅烧炉中在300℃下煅烧2小时,然后在875℃下煅烧1小时。
对比例C4
重复实施例2,只是使用铁氧化物Bayferrox 1360代替Rio-250。
利用催化剂磨料(grit)测试催化剂E1和C1-C3。为了这一目的,将粒径为0.5-0.7mm的磨料部分装入管式反应器中,利用熔盐等温加热,然后在标准压力下进行检测,操作时LHSV为1.46/h、D/EB为1.25kg/kg。相关的性能数据列于表2中。
对催化剂E2和C4也使用实心挤出物进行检测。在这类实心圆柱测试中,将各种催化剂均放置250mL在内径为30mm的等温管式反应器中。在0.4bar的压力下检测催化剂,操作时LHSV为0.45/h、一个D/EB为1.25kg/kg,另一个D/EB为1.45kg/kg。10天以后,在有关转化率和选择性方面,催化剂已经达到稳定状态,并且液体和气体流出物的组成达到平衡。
利用由Engelsmann(Ludwigshafen)出售的压实体积计JEL测量压实密度(每升的重量)。在挤出物被压实750次后测量压实密度。堆积密度是挤出物在压实之前的密度。应用如DIN标准66133所述来确定孔体积。
对于确定平均孔径所采用的汞的接触角为140°(DIN66133)。
在增大负载的条件下,将0.3mm的刀刃用于挤出物,直到切断为止,来确定刀切硬度(仪器由Zwick,Ulm出售)。取25次读数的平均值。
表1:催化剂性能
催化剂堆密度 | kg/L | E10.870 | C11.126 | C20.994 | C30.900 |
压实密度 | kg/L | 0.978 | 1.26 | 1.107 | 1.008 |
表面积(BET) | m2/g | 3.4 | 2.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 |
孔体积 | g/cm3 | 0.38 | 0.23 | 0.30 | 0.35 |
平均孔径(中位值) | μm | 0.65 | 0.38 | 0.20 | 0.30 |
CeO2晶体尺寸 | nm | 24 | 24 | 23 | 25 |
刀切硬度 | N | 27 | 75 | 30 | 34 |
表2:
温度560℃ | 催化剂转化率(%) | E127.9 | C129.1 | C225.3 | C324.7 |
选择性(%) | 97.7 | 97.7 | 97.4 | 97.7 | |
苯乙烯含量(wt%) | 26.9 | 28.1 | 24.3 | 23.8 | |
580℃ | 转化率(%) | 40.7 | 40.1 | 37.2 | 35.6 |
选择性(%) | 97.1 | 97.3 | 97.0 | 97.3 | |
苯乙烯含量(mol%) | 39.1 | 38.7 | 35.7 | 34.3 | |
600℃ | 转化率(%) | 54.5 | 50.8 | 48.1 | 50.3 |
选择性(%) | 96.2 | 96.4 | 96.5 | 96.4 | |
苯乙烯含量(mol%) | 52.1 | 49 | 46.0 | 48.1 | |
630℃ | 转化率(%) | 71.5 | 68.7 | 66.7 | 67.5 |
选择性(%) | 94.0 | 95.4 | 94.8 | 94.6 | |
苯乙烯含量(mol%) | 67.4 | 65.6 | 63.3 | 63.8 |
催化剂E2和C4的物性及性能数据列于表3中。
表3:催化剂E2和C4的物性及性能
C=转化率S=选择性
E2 | C3 | |
刀切硬度 | 44N | 57N |
压实密度 | 1.142kg/L | 1.304kg/L |
表面积(BET) | 2.9m2/g | 2.5m2/g |
孔体积 | 0.28ml/g | 0.22mL/g |
平均孔体积 | 0.48μm | 0.40μm |
实心挤出物的性能H2O/EB=1.45kg/kg;0.4bar:C(600℃)/S(600℃) 80.4%/94.8% 79.7%/94.7%C(575℃)/S(575℃) 69.8%/96.4% 65.8%/96.8%C(550℃)/S(550℃) 50.8%/97.7% 44.5%/97.9% | ||
H2O/EB=1.45kg/kg;0.4bar:C(575℃)/S(575℃) 80.4%/94.8% 65.1%/96.6%C(590℃)/S(590℃) 75.5%/95.2% 73.3%/95.7%C(600℃)/S(600℃) 79.4%/94.6% 78.6%/95.0% | ||
磨料性能H2O/EB=1.25kg/kg;1bar:C(560℃)/S(560℃) 31.2%/97.4% 26.6%/97.7%C(580℃)/S(580℃) 44.6%/96.7% 38.0%/97.3%C(600℃)/S(600℃) 57.9%/95.9% 50.1%/96.7%C(610℃)/S(610℃) 65.2%/95.5% 54.2%/96.4%C(630℃)/S(630℃) 74.3%/93.5% 65.9%/95.3% |
Claims (10)
1.一种含有铁氧化物的催化剂,其中将通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的铁氧化物用于制备该催化剂。
2.权利要求1的催化剂,其中所使用的铁氧化物是利用Ruthner方法通过喷射焙烧含有氯化铁的盐酸溶液制备的。
3.权利要求1或2的催化剂,其中所使用的铁氧化物的压实密度范围为0.6-1g/cm3,比表面积范围为1-10m2/g。
4.权利要求1-3中任意一项的催化剂,其中催化剂的孔体积至少为0.2cm3/g。
5.权利要求1-4中任意一项的催化剂,其中催化剂的平均孔径(中位值)至少为0.3μm。
6.权利要求1-5中任意一项的催化剂,另外含有至少一种钾化合物。
7.权利要求1-6中任意一项的催化剂,另外含有至少一种选自Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W等的化合物的促进剂。
8.权利要求6或7的催化剂,其中在喷射焙烧之前至少将部分钾化合物或部分促进剂加入到铁盐溶液中。
9.一种用于制备权利要求1-8中任意一项的催化剂的方法,其中使用一种通过喷射焙烧铁的水溶液制得的铁氧化物。
10.一种用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法,其中脱氢过程是在权利要求1-8中任意一项的催化剂存在的条件下进行的。
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JPS6172601A (ja) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-04-14 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 重質炭化水素の分解軽質化と水素の製造方法 |
DE69508276T2 (de) * | 1994-12-14 | 1999-08-12 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V., Den Haag/S'gravenhage | Dehydrierungskatalysator mit grossen partikeln und verfahren |
DE59609577D1 (de) * | 1996-12-27 | 2002-09-26 | Michael Johann Ruthner | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Eisenoxiden aus salzsauren eisenchloridhaltigen Lösungen |
IT1293531B1 (it) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-03-01 | Sud Chemie Mt S R L Ex Monteca | Catalizzatori per la deidrogenazione dell'etilbenzene a stirene |
-
2000
- 2000-02-03 DE DE50012271T patent/DE50012271D1/de not_active Revoked
- 2000-02-03 EP EP00102083A patent/EP1027928B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2000-02-09 CA CA002298227A patent/CA2298227A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-09 JP JP2000031480A patent/JP2000296335A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-10 CN CN00106401A patent/CN1118324C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-10 TW TW089102191A patent/TWI234487B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-10 KR KR1020000006136A patent/KR20010014480A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (14)
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CN1299822C (zh) * | 2004-07-13 | 2007-02-14 | 华东理工大学 | 用于乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯的纳米碳纤维催化剂及其成型方法 |
CN100368083C (zh) * | 2004-10-29 | 2008-02-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 用于乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯的催化剂 |
CN101626834B (zh) * | 2007-01-18 | 2012-09-26 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 催化剂及其制备和用途 |
CN105032448A (zh) * | 2007-05-03 | 2015-11-11 | 巴斯夫公司 | 催化剂及其制备和用途 |
US8119559B2 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2012-02-21 | Basf Corporation | Catalyst, its preparation and use |
CN103120942A (zh) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 用于烷基芳烃脱氢制备烷烯基芳烃的节能催化剂 |
CN104353443A (zh) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-18 | 沈阳化工大学 | 一种乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯催化剂的方法 |
CN106582682A (zh) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂 |
CN106582682B (zh) * | 2015-10-16 | 2019-04-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂 |
CN107159204A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏金洲粮油食品有限公司 | 一种乙苯制苯乙烯的脱氢反应催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN110614108A (zh) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 载体为具有三维立方笼状孔道分布结构的介孔分子筛的异丁烷脱氢催化剂及制法和应用 |
CN110614108B (zh) * | 2018-06-20 | 2022-07-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 载体为具有三维立方笼状孔道分布结构的介孔分子筛的异丁烷脱氢催化剂及制法和应用 |
CN114425409A (zh) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于饱和芳烃脱氢生产不饱和芳烃的催化剂及其应用 |
CN114425409B (zh) * | 2020-10-15 | 2024-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于饱和芳烃脱氢生产不饱和芳烃的催化剂及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1027928A1 (de) | 2000-08-16 |
KR20010014480A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
CN1118324C (zh) | 2003-08-20 |
EP1027928B1 (de) | 2006-03-01 |
JP2000296335A (ja) | 2000-10-24 |
TWI234487B (en) | 2005-06-21 |
CA2298227A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
DE50012271D1 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
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