CN1270851A - 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂 - Google Patents

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1270851A
CN1270851A CN00106401A CN00106401A CN1270851A CN 1270851 A CN1270851 A CN 1270851A CN 00106401 A CN00106401 A CN 00106401A CN 00106401 A CN00106401 A CN 00106401A CN 1270851 A CN1270851 A CN 1270851A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
catalyst
ferriferous oxide
iron
roasting
oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN00106401A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1118324C (zh
Inventor
M·拜尔
H·彼得森
H·旺杰克
C·瓦尔斯多夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26051761&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1270851(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19905392A external-priority patent/DE19905392A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19932362A external-priority patent/DE19932362A1/de
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of CN1270851A publication Critical patent/CN1270851A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1118324C publication Critical patent/CN1118324C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/34Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/74Iron group metals
    • B01J23/745Iron
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/20Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
    • B01J35/23Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/31Density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/391Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
    • B01J35/393Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/612Surface area less than 10 m2/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/63Pore volume
    • B01J35/633Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64Pore diameter
    • B01J35/65150-500 nm
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64Pore diameter
    • B01J35/653500-1000 nm
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
    • C07C5/32Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
    • C07C5/327Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only
    • C07C5/333Catalytic processes
    • C07C5/3332Catalytic processes with metal oxides or metal sulfides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/302Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/30242Star
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/304Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/30475Composition or microstructure of the elements comprising catalytically active material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/10Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/02Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/10Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of rare earths
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/20Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • C07C2523/22Vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/26Chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/28Molybdenum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/30Tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/745Iron

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,用于制备该催化剂的铁氧化物是通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的,制备这种催化剂的方法,以及在这种催化剂存在时使乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法。

Description

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂
本发明涉及一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,制备这种催化剂的方法,以及在这种催化剂存在时使乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法。
对于制备以Fe2O3和K2O为基础的苯乙烯催化剂,通常使用天然的或合成的铁氧化物如α-FeOOH、α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3和Fe3O4。通常通过铁盐溶液沉淀和热分解来制备合成的铁氧化物。
作为制备脱氢催化剂中的铁组分,除了传统的铁氧化物,还公开了一些特殊的铁氧化物或改性的铁氧化物。
在EP-A 0,532,078中描述的用于制备脱氢催化剂的含铁化合物中含有10-100wt%的层状铁氧化物,该铁氧化物优选具有少于100μm的最大薄层尺寸。
US 5,023,225描述了使用铬改性的铁氧化物制备脱氢催化剂。将黄色的铁水合物与氧化铬或铬盐混合,并加热混合物,来制备红色的铁氧化物。
WO 96/18593描述了一种含铁的脱氢催化剂,其铁组分在催化剂中为双峰的孔尺寸分布。优选使用磁性铁氧化物,如磁铁矿。
在WO 96/18458中采用一种预处理(预先用浓剂处理(predoped))的铁氧化物。使用一种预先制成浓液的、选自含有Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Ta,Mo,W,Mn,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Ni,Pd,Pt,Cu,Ag,Au,Zn,Cd,Hg,Al,Ga,In,Tl,Ge,Sn,Pb,Bi,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb和Lu等元素的物质进行预处理,并将铁氧化物混合物加热到至少600℃。然后形成催化剂。
WO 96/18594描述了一种铁氧化物催化剂,其中含有最大平均尺寸范围为2-10μm的铁氧化物颗粒。平均孔径为0.22-0.30μm,孔体积为0.16-0.22cm3/g。使用由铁屑制备的铁氧化物α-Fe(OOH),通过黄色的α-Fe(OOH)中间产物(Penniman铁氧化物)的脱水作用进行制备。
WO 96/18457描述了一种制备铁氧化物催化剂的方法,其中在与一种或多种促进剂混合之前,对铁氧化物进行重整,以形成表面积(BET)小于1.9m2/g、颗粒长度为0.3-3μm、颗粒宽度为0.2-2μm的铁氧化物颗粒。所使用的重整试剂为元素Mo,Cu,Ca,Zn,Mn,Sn,Ti,Bi,Co,Ce,W,Cr,Mg和V的化合物。
作为原料,所述的催化剂需要精制或改性的铁氧化物。
因此本发明的一个目的是克服上述缺点并发现一种用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂,这种催化剂便宜并且容易合成。具体地,该催化剂应具有高的孔体积,同时具有高活性、高选择性和高的机械稳定性。
因此我们已经发现了一种含铁氧化物的催化剂,制备该催化剂采用的是一种通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的铁氧化物。
优选地,该铁氧化物是利用Ruthner方法,例如EP-A 0,850,881中所描述的通过喷射焙烧一种含氯化铁的盐酸溶液得到的。
通过喷射焙烧含氯化铁的盐酸溶液得到的铁氧化物通常含有残留量的氯,这一残留量的氯应低于3000ppm,优选低于2000ppm,进一步优选低于1500ppm。
对于本发明的催化剂的制备来说,一种通过喷射焙烧法制备的铁氧化物是适合的,该铁氧化物的压实密度范围为0.6-1,优选为0.6-0.8g/cm3,比表面积范围为1-10,优选为2-7,进一步优选为3-5m2/g。
本发明的催化剂的孔体积为至少0.2cm3/g,优选范围为0.25-0.5cm3/g。平均孔径(中位值)至少为0.3μm,优选范围为0.4-0.8μm。
除了铁氧化物以外,本发明的催化剂通常还含有至少一种钾化合物。所使用的钾化合物优选为碳酸钾、氢氧化钾或草酸钾。优选地,以K2O计算,该催化剂含有5-40wt%的钾。
另外,该催化剂可以按通常浓度含有一种或多种传统的促进剂,以增大选择性、活性或稳定性。适合的促进剂为选自Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Ta,Mo,W,Mn,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Ni,Pd,Pt,Cu,Ag,Au,Zn,Cd,Hg,Al,Ga,In,Tl,Na,Cs,La,Li,Ge,Sn,Pb,Bi,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb和Lu等元素的化合物,这些化合物可以单独或混合使用。优选的促进剂为选自Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W,Ti,Mn,Co和Al等元素的化合物。特别优选的促进剂为Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo和W。该催化剂可以含有一种、优选为两种,并且进一步优选为三种或多种Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W的促进剂。按最稳定的氧化物计算,促进剂优选的加入量为0-15wt%,具体为1-10wt%。
如果需要的话,本发明中所采用的铁氧化物可以含有部分或全部钾化合物或所述的促进剂。为了这一目的,例如可以将部分钾化合物和/或部分促进剂加入到用于喷射焙烧过程的铁盐溶液中。
本发明的催化剂可以通过已知的单步或多步制造方法得到,例如在EP-A0,195,252或EP-A 0,866,731中所描述的。为了这一目的,通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液制备的铁氧化物可以单独使用或者与传统的天然或合成的铁氧化物如α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3或Fe3O4一起使用。以所采作的全部铁化合物为基准,通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液制备的铁氧化物的含量为10-100mol%,优选为50-100mol%。
最终的粉末状催化剂组分可以干燥混合,或悬浮在水中混合并且喷射干燥。然后将干燥的粉末造粒得到机械稳定的成型产品,或加入水转化成糊状组合物并挤出成型,然后将挤出物粉碎为特定的长度。针对这一目的,可以使用成型助剂如硬脂酸盐、Walocel、石墨或淀粉。优选地,将催化剂组合物进行处理,以形成直径为2.5-6mm、长度为5-50mm的实心或中空的挤出物。特别优选的是使挤出物具有图1所示星形截面,并且为3mm的实心挤出物。
然后通常在80-140℃的温度范围内,将挤出物连续或间歇干燥。然后按一步或多步过程,在200-1000℃的温度范围内,将干燥成型的产品回火和/或煅烧。
本发明的催化剂适合用于烃类的非氧化脱氢,特别适用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯。为了这一目的,通常在500-700℃内,将摩尔比为2-20、优选为5-15的蒸汽和乙苯的混合物通过催化剂。在绝热过程中,反应器入口温度通常为600-650℃,然后由于反应吸热降至530-570℃。该反应优选在大气压或低于大气压的压力下进行。
本发明的催化剂具有大的孔体积。作为结果,在不降低活性或选择性的条件下,针对3mm固体催化剂挤出物进行测量时,每升催化剂的重量降低到1.3kg/L以下。同时,大于20N的刀切硬度对工业应用来说是足够的。
实施例
实施例1
在搅拌条件下,向168g K2CO3、200g Ce2(CO3)3、46g CaCO3、29g MoO3和61g碱式碳酸镁(4-MgCO3xMg(OH)3·4H2O)与4.3L水所形成的悬浮液中加入900g铁氧化物Hoogovens RIO-200(由Hoogovens Staal BV出售)。然后在固含量为25wt%时,将喷射颗粒进行喷雾干燥。将所得到的含有大约(ca)340ml水的喷射粉末处理30分钟,形成糊状组合物,然后在挤压机中成形,得到直径为3mm的圆柱形实心挤出物,将该挤出物粉碎成长度为大约(ca)10mm的颗粒。然后在120℃下,在强制通风(forced air)的烘箱中,将催化剂挤出物干燥1小时,然后在煅烧炉中,首先在300下干燥2小时,然后在875℃干燥1小时。
对比例C1到C3
重复实施例1,只是按照相同的用量,将其中的铁氧化物用下列合成铁氧化物代替:
C1∶沉积α-Fe2O3:    Bayferrox 1360
C2∶合成γ-Fe2o3:    BayferroxE AB 21
C3∶沉积α-Fe2o3:    Bayferrrox 720N
有关催化剂挤出物的数据列于表1中。
实施例2
在搅拌条件下,向168g钾碱、249g Ce2(CO3)3、34g水合熟石灰、35g仲钼酸铵和26g菱镁矿与4.3L水所形成的悬浮液中加入900g铁氧化物HoogovensRio-250(由Hoogovens Staal BV出售)。用大约500mL水将所形成的喷射粉末处理大约30分钟,以形成糊状组合物,然后将该糊状组合物挤出成形,制得直径为3mm的实心圆柱,并将这些圆柱切成长度为大约1mm的小圆柱。然后将这些催化剂挤出物在120℃下干燥1h,并且在煅烧炉中在300℃下煅烧2小时,然后在875℃下煅烧1小时。
对比例C4
重复实施例2,只是使用铁氧化物Bayferrox 1360代替Rio-250。
利用催化剂磨料(grit)测试催化剂E1和C1-C3。为了这一目的,将粒径为0.5-0.7mm的磨料部分装入管式反应器中,利用熔盐等温加热,然后在标准压力下进行检测,操作时LHSV为1.46/h、D/EB为1.25kg/kg。相关的性能数据列于表2中。
对催化剂E2和C4也使用实心挤出物进行检测。在这类实心圆柱测试中,将各种催化剂均放置250mL在内径为30mm的等温管式反应器中。在0.4bar的压力下检测催化剂,操作时LHSV为0.45/h、一个D/EB为1.25kg/kg,另一个D/EB为1.45kg/kg。10天以后,在有关转化率和选择性方面,催化剂已经达到稳定状态,并且液体和气体流出物的组成达到平衡。
利用由Engelsmann(Ludwigshafen)出售的压实体积计JEL测量压实密度(每升的重量)。在挤出物被压实750次后测量压实密度。堆积密度是挤出物在压实之前的密度。应用如DIN标准66133所述来确定孔体积。
对于确定平均孔径所采用的汞的接触角为140°(DIN66133)。
在增大负载的条件下,将0.3mm的刀刃用于挤出物,直到切断为止,来确定刀切硬度(仪器由Zwick,Ulm出售)。取25次读数的平均值。
表1:催化剂性能
催化剂堆密度 kg/L E10.870  C11.126  C20.994  C30.900
压实密度 kg/L 0.978  1.26  1.107  1.008
表面积(BET) m2/g 3.4  2.6  6.8  6.9
孔体积 g/cm3 0.38  0.23  0.30  0.35
平均孔径(中位值) μm 0.65  0.38  0.20  0.30
CeO2晶体尺寸 nm 24  24  23  25
刀切硬度 N 27  75  30  34
表2:
温度560℃ 催化剂转化率(%) E127.9  C129.1  C225.3  C324.7
选择性(%) 97.7  97.7  97.4  97.7
苯乙烯含量(wt%) 26.9  28.1  24.3  23.8
580℃ 转化率(%) 40.7  40.1  37.2  35.6
选择性(%) 97.1  97.3  97.0  97.3
苯乙烯含量(mol%) 39.1  38.7  35.7  34.3
600℃ 转化率(%) 54.5  50.8  48.1  50.3
选择性(%) 96.2  96.4  96.5  96.4
苯乙烯含量(mol%) 52.1  49  46.0  48.1
630℃ 转化率(%) 71.5  68.7  66.7  67.5
选择性(%) 94.0  95.4  94.8  94.6
苯乙烯含量(mol%) 67.4  65.6  63.3  63.8
催化剂E2和C4的物性及性能数据列于表3中。
表3:催化剂E2和C4的物性及性能
E2 C3
刀切硬度 44N 57N
压实密度 1.142kg/L 1.304kg/L
表面积(BET) 2.9m2/g 2.5m2/g
孔体积 0.28ml/g 0.22mL/g
平均孔体积 0.48μm 0.40μm
                     实心挤出物的性能H2O/EB=1.45kg/kg;0.4bar:C(600℃)/S(600℃)    80.4%/94.8%    79.7%/94.7%C(575℃)/S(575℃)    69.8%/96.4%    65.8%/96.8%C(550℃)/S(550℃)    50.8%/97.7%    44.5%/97.9%
                  H2O/EB=1.45kg/kg;0.4bar:C(575℃)/S(575℃)    80.4%/94.8%    65.1%/96.6%C(590℃)/S(590℃)    75.5%/95.2%    73.3%/95.7%C(600℃)/S(600℃)    79.4%/94.6%    78.6%/95.0%
                         磨料性能H2O/EB=1.25kg/kg;1bar:C(560℃)/S(560℃)    31.2%/97.4%    26.6%/97.7%C(580℃)/S(580℃)    44.6%/96.7%    38.0%/97.3%C(600℃)/S(600℃)    57.9%/95.9%    50.1%/96.7%C(610℃)/S(610℃)    65.2%/95.5%    54.2%/96.4%C(630℃)/S(630℃)    74.3%/93.5%    65.9%/95.3%
C=转化率S=选择性

Claims (10)

1.一种含有铁氧化物的催化剂,其中将通过喷射焙烧铁盐溶液得到的铁氧化物用于制备该催化剂。
2.权利要求1的催化剂,其中所使用的铁氧化物是利用Ruthner方法通过喷射焙烧含有氯化铁的盐酸溶液制备的。
3.权利要求1或2的催化剂,其中所使用的铁氧化物的压实密度范围为0.6-1g/cm3,比表面积范围为1-10m2/g。
4.权利要求1-3中任意一项的催化剂,其中催化剂的孔体积至少为0.2cm3/g。
5.权利要求1-4中任意一项的催化剂,其中催化剂的平均孔径(中位值)至少为0.3μm。
6.权利要求1-5中任意一项的催化剂,另外含有至少一种钾化合物。
7.权利要求1-6中任意一项的催化剂,另外含有至少一种选自Mg,Ca,Ce,V,Cr,Mo,W等的化合物的促进剂。
8.权利要求6或7的催化剂,其中在喷射焙烧之前至少将部分钾化合物或部分促进剂加入到铁盐溶液中。
9.一种用于制备权利要求1-8中任意一项的催化剂的方法,其中使用一种通过喷射焙烧铁的水溶液制得的铁氧化物。
10.一种用于乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法,其中脱氢过程是在权利要求1-8中任意一项的催化剂存在的条件下进行的。
CN00106401A 1999-02-10 2000-02-10 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂 Expired - Fee Related CN1118324C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19905392A DE19905392A1 (de) 1999-02-10 1999-02-10 Katalysator zur Dehydrierung von Ethylbenzol zu Styrol
DE19905392.8 1999-02-10
DE19932362A DE19932362A1 (de) 1999-07-10 1999-07-10 Katalysator zur Dehydrierung von Ethylbenzol zu Styrol
DE19932362.3 1999-07-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1270851A true CN1270851A (zh) 2000-10-25
CN1118324C CN1118324C (zh) 2003-08-20

Family

ID=26051761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN00106401A Expired - Fee Related CN1118324C (zh) 1999-02-10 2000-02-10 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1027928B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2000296335A (zh)
KR (1) KR20010014480A (zh)
CN (1) CN1118324C (zh)
CA (1) CA2298227A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE50012271D1 (zh)
TW (1) TWI234487B (zh)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1299822C (zh) * 2004-07-13 2007-02-14 华东理工大学 用于乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯的纳米碳纤维催化剂及其成型方法
CN100368083C (zh) * 2004-10-29 2008-02-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯的催化剂
US8119559B2 (en) 2007-05-03 2012-02-21 Basf Corporation Catalyst, its preparation and use
CN101626834B (zh) * 2007-01-18 2012-09-26 国际壳牌研究有限公司 催化剂及其制备和用途
CN103120942A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于烷基芳烃脱氢制备烷烯基芳烃的节能催化剂
CN104353443A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-02-18 沈阳化工大学 一种乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯催化剂的方法
CN106582682A (zh) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂
CN107159204A (zh) * 2017-06-14 2017-09-15 江苏金洲粮油食品有限公司 一种乙苯制苯乙烯的脱氢反应催化剂及其制备方法
CN110614108A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-27 中国石油化工股份有限公司 载体为具有三维立方笼状孔道分布结构的介孔分子筛的异丁烷脱氢催化剂及制法和应用
CN114425409A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2022-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种用于饱和芳烃脱氢生产不饱和芳烃的催化剂及其应用

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1178012B1 (de) 2000-07-31 2006-05-10 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Eisenoxide mit höherem Veredelungsgrad
AU2002304805A1 (en) 2001-04-10 2002-10-28 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Iron oxides with a higher degree of refining
TWI267401B (en) * 2002-01-30 2006-12-01 Shell Int Research A catalyst, its preparation and its use in a dehydrogenation process
US7244868B2 (en) 2002-06-25 2007-07-17 Shell Oil Company Process for the dehydrogenation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon
AU2003285086A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-30 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Dehydrogenation catalyst and process for preparing the same
DE102004033554A1 (de) * 2004-07-09 2006-02-16 Basf Ag Katalysator und Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Carbonylverbindungen
DE102005019596A1 (de) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Süd-Chemie AG Katalysatorträger
RU2009144771A (ru) 2007-05-03 2011-06-10 Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. (NL) Катализатор дегидрирования, включающий индий, его получение и применение
CN102039204B (zh) * 2009-10-13 2012-11-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂的制备方法
CN103030521A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 中国石油化工股份有限公司 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的方法
PL3140039T3 (pl) 2014-05-09 2021-01-25 Basf Se Ulepszony katalizator do odwodorniania węglowodorów
RU2016148233A (ru) 2014-05-09 2018-06-09 Басф Се Катализатор дегидрования углеводородов
CN109999810B (zh) * 2019-04-10 2022-05-03 天津理工大学 以球状纳米α-氧化铁为铁源的乙苯脱氢催化剂的制备方法
CN114452981B (zh) * 2020-10-21 2024-01-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 超低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6172601A (ja) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-14 Nippon Mining Co Ltd 重質炭化水素の分解軽質化と水素の製造方法
DE69508276T2 (de) * 1994-12-14 1999-08-12 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V., Den Haag/S'gravenhage Dehydrierungskatalysator mit grossen partikeln und verfahren
DE59609577D1 (de) * 1996-12-27 2002-09-26 Michael Johann Ruthner Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Eisenoxiden aus salzsauren eisenchloridhaltigen Lösungen
IT1293531B1 (it) * 1997-08-01 1999-03-01 Sud Chemie Mt S R L Ex Monteca Catalizzatori per la deidrogenazione dell'etilbenzene a stirene

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1299822C (zh) * 2004-07-13 2007-02-14 华东理工大学 用于乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯的纳米碳纤维催化剂及其成型方法
CN100368083C (zh) * 2004-10-29 2008-02-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯的催化剂
CN101626834B (zh) * 2007-01-18 2012-09-26 国际壳牌研究有限公司 催化剂及其制备和用途
CN105032448A (zh) * 2007-05-03 2015-11-11 巴斯夫公司 催化剂及其制备和用途
US8119559B2 (en) 2007-05-03 2012-02-21 Basf Corporation Catalyst, its preparation and use
CN103120942A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于烷基芳烃脱氢制备烷烯基芳烃的节能催化剂
CN104353443A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-02-18 沈阳化工大学 一种乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯催化剂的方法
CN106582682A (zh) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂
CN106582682B (zh) * 2015-10-16 2019-04-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 低水比乙苯脱氢催化剂
CN107159204A (zh) * 2017-06-14 2017-09-15 江苏金洲粮油食品有限公司 一种乙苯制苯乙烯的脱氢反应催化剂及其制备方法
CN110614108A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-27 中国石油化工股份有限公司 载体为具有三维立方笼状孔道分布结构的介孔分子筛的异丁烷脱氢催化剂及制法和应用
CN110614108B (zh) * 2018-06-20 2022-07-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 载体为具有三维立方笼状孔道分布结构的介孔分子筛的异丁烷脱氢催化剂及制法和应用
CN114425409A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2022-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种用于饱和芳烃脱氢生产不饱和芳烃的催化剂及其应用
CN114425409B (zh) * 2020-10-15 2024-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种用于饱和芳烃脱氢生产不饱和芳烃的催化剂及其应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1027928A1 (de) 2000-08-16
KR20010014480A (ko) 2001-02-26
CN1118324C (zh) 2003-08-20
EP1027928B1 (de) 2006-03-01
JP2000296335A (ja) 2000-10-24
TWI234487B (en) 2005-06-21
CA2298227A1 (en) 2000-08-10
DE50012271D1 (de) 2006-04-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1118324C (zh) 乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的催化剂
KR100373572B1 (ko) 탈수소화촉매및방법
CN101115698B (zh) 在低的蒸汽与油之比的工艺条件下制备烯基芳族化合物的改进方法
US6166280A (en) Catalyst for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene
AU687814B2 (en) Dehydrogenation catalyst having improved moisture stability,and process for making and using the catalyst
CN101072638B (zh) 钛浓度低的高活性和高稳定性氧化铁基脱氢催化剂及其制备和使用
CN103721722B (zh) 复合氧化物催化剂及其制备方法
KR20010052231A (ko) 적어도 철, 알칼리 금속 및 귀금속을 포함하는 탈수소 촉매
TWI746493B (zh) 烷基芳香族化合物脫氫催化劑及其製造方法以及製造烯基芳香族化合物的方法
TW200302131A (en) A catalyst, its preparation and its use in a dehydrogenation process
JP2012504045A (ja) 半担持型脱水素触媒
CN113262806A (zh) 杂多酸化合物的制造方法、杂多酸化合物以及甲基丙烯酸的制造方法
JP2002509790A (ja) 少なくとも鉄、アルカリ金属及び貴金属を含む脱水素触媒
US20080200741A1 (en) Dehydrogenation catalyst, process for preparation, and a method of use thereof
CN113877594B (zh) 烷基芳烃脱氢的方法
CN113877595B (zh) 脱氢催化剂及其制备方法及应用和混合二乙基苯脱氢的方法
CN113880684B (zh) 混合二乙烯基苯及其生产方法
JPH0437736B2 (zh)
CA2674953A1 (en) Iron oxide catalyst, its preparation and use in dehydrogenation reactions
KR20180048353A (ko) 정제계 저해 물질을 선택적으로 저감시키는 촉매 및 그의 제조 방법
JP2021000610A (ja) 触媒およびその製造方法
JPH09308831A (ja) アルキル化用触媒とその触媒を用いたヒドロキシ芳香族化合物の製法
JPH09308832A (ja) アルキル化用触媒とその触媒を用いたヒドロキシ芳香族化合物の製造法
JPH05294866A (ja) オルトアルキルフェノールの製造方法
JPH0227974B2 (zh)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20030820