CN1217017C - 由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法 - Google Patents

由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法 Download PDF

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CN1217017C
CN1217017C CN008092931A CN00809293A CN1217017C CN 1217017 C CN1217017 C CN 1217017C CN 008092931 A CN008092931 A CN 008092931A CN 00809293 A CN00809293 A CN 00809293A CN 1217017 C CN1217017 C CN 1217017C
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slag
chromium
carbon
silicon
converter
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CN1357055A (zh
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K·R·格特金戈
J·雷切尔
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SMS Siemag AG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04Working-up slag
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/005Manufacture of stainless steel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5252Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5264Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068Decarburising
    • C21C7/0685Decarburising of stainless steel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/04Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C2005/5258Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces with crater formed by down-melting of scrap or charge through electrode or lance
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • F27D2003/168Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

从转炉工艺如AOD、MRP、AOD-L、MRP-L、CLU、ASM、Cornarc不锈钢或真空工艺如VOD、SS-VOD、RH、带喷枪的RH的含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法,其特征为,将在吹气或处理过程结束时在转炉或真空设备中生成的炉渣无还原地出渣或排出,将炉渣装入电炉,此外装入由废料和非必要的残余粉尘形成的常用炉料,另外,加入碳和非必要的硅并在熔融过程中在加入的炉渣中存在的氧化铬被碳和硅直接还原为金属铬。

Description

由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法
本发明涉及由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法。
在常用的转炉工艺如AOD、MRP、AOD-L、MRP-L、CLU、ASM、Cornarc不锈钢或真空工艺如VOD、SS-VOD、RH、带喷枪的RH中,脱碳基本反应在一个多组分体系中进行,其中氧化铬与碳的还原反应是根本机理。
在特种钢中高浓度存在的铬的初步氧化反应之后,通过溶解在熔体中的碳将其在气泡表面和所谓的焦斑中还原。还原产物,即金属铬返回到熔体中,一氧化碳扩散到气泡后排放到熔体上方的气氛中。
化学反应过程如下:
               解离反应(1)
            直接脱碳(2)
   铬氧化反应(3)
反应处于下列的热动力学平衡中:
K ( T ) = a cr 2 P co 3 a c 3 a C r 2 O 3 - - - ( 4 )
其中 log K ( T ) = - 40536 + 25.63 + p T - - - ( 5 )
在此p为参数。
由于脱碳过程中铬还原反应不完全,一部分氧化铬以各种尖晶石形式进入炉渣。还原效果随着脱碳的进行而不断减弱,因为还原元素碳的含量随时间而降低。方法的经济性是基于将以这种形式结合的铬回收。对此,通常在脱碳和吹氧过程结束时将炉渣用FeSi形式的高亲合力的硅还原。
本发明的任务是提供一种简单而经济的方法。
该任务可这样达到,即将在吹气或处理过程结束时在转炉或真空设备中生成的炉渣无还原地出渣或排出,
将炉渣装入电炉,此外装入由废料和非必要的残余粉尘形成的常用炉料,
另外,加入碳和非必要的硅和
在熔融过程中加入的炉渣中存在的氧化铬被碳和硅直接还原为金属铬。
炉渣还原反应的传统处理步骤被省去,饱含氧化铬-氧化锰铁的炉渣,例如在吹氧过程后存在的,无还原地除去金属,即出渣或从锅中出料并装入到上游的电炉中。用加入的碳和来自装入电炉中的非必要含有残余粉尘的常用炉料中的硅将炉渣直接还原。以这种方式氧化铬在电炉中而不是在后续的一个设备中还原,以此方式回收金属铬。
还原反应按如下流程进行:
      (6)
在电炉中的气氛条件下氧化铬用碳和一定量的硅直接还原,其中反应进行如下:
          (7)
或用硅还原
     (8)
炉渣可在每步处理之后直接返回到电炉中,也可以将各处理步骤累积后再返回到电炉中。
取决于整个技术,这一过程成本和能量上都是优化的。对于该方法,炉渣以固态、液态或中间态存在都不重要。它们仅对在电炉中的熔融时间有影响。
总而言之,由该方法可获得下列的经济和技术优势:
根据技术工艺类型,熔体的整个处理时间可缩短到15-20分钟,
FeSi耗费降低,
成渣剂耗费降低,
出金属量高,
FF材料使用寿命提高,
喷嘴和洗涤石使用寿命提高,
转炉或真空设备的能量维持改善,
金属纯度改善,
转炉和锅中的炉渣安全区(死角)被消除或大大减少。
借助附图中所示的工艺流程,其过程更加一目了然,其中图1给出了三步工艺流程,而图2和3分别是两步方案。

Claims (1)

1.从转炉工艺或真空工艺的含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法,其中,将在吹气或处理过程结束时在转炉或真空设备中生成的炉渣无还原地出渣或排出,将炉渣装入电炉,此外装入由废料和残余粉尘形成的常用炉料,另外,加入碳和硅,和在熔融过程中在加入的炉渣中存在的氧化铬被碳和硅直接还原为金属铬。
CN008092931A 1999-06-23 2000-06-23 由含氧化铬炉渣回收金属铬的方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1217017C (zh)

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EP (1) EP1194597A1 (zh)
JP (2) JP2003502504A (zh)
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AU (1) AU6554700A (zh)
BR (1) BR0011949A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ303288B6 (zh)
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JP6451462B2 (ja) * 2015-04-01 2019-01-16 新日鐵住金株式会社 クロム含有スラグからのクロム回収方法
CN104789736B (zh) * 2015-05-18 2017-01-11 安徽富凯特材有限公司 一种降低电弧炉渣中铬元素的方法
CN105568004B (zh) * 2016-03-03 2017-06-16 锦州集信高温材料有限公司 一种在电弧炉中铝铬渣冶炼金属铬的方法
KR101835708B1 (ko) 2016-07-26 2018-03-07 주식회사 심팩 메탈 용융환원 전기로(saf)를 이용한 스테인리스 제강 전로 슬래그 중 유가금속 회수방법
CN107267850B (zh) * 2017-06-07 2019-02-01 北京科技大学 一种回收熔炼炉渣中铬元素的不锈钢冶炼方法
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EP1194597A1 (de) 2002-04-10
JP2003502504A (ja) 2003-01-21
ZA200200517B (en) 2003-06-25
JP2013079449A (ja) 2013-05-02
BR0011949A (pt) 2002-03-26
CZ303288B6 (cs) 2012-07-18
RU2247161C2 (ru) 2005-02-27
WO2000079014A1 (de) 2000-12-28
MXPA01012898A (es) 2002-07-30
KR20020014821A (ko) 2002-02-25
PL352472A1 (en) 2003-08-25
AU6554700A (en) 2001-01-09
US6679931B1 (en) 2004-01-20
CZ20014667A3 (cs) 2002-05-15

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