CN117084112A

CN117084112A - Construction method of pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast area

Info

Publication number: CN117084112A
Application number: CN202311078027.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦睿; 张吉利; 程万才
Original assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Current assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Priority date: 2023-08-24
Filing date: 2023-08-24
Publication date: 2023-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-24
Also published as: CN117084112B

Abstract

The invention provides a construction method of a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast, belonging to the field of pinus sylvestris cultivation. In order to solve the problems that the tree climbing and tower taking of the over-high camphor son-pine mother tree are difficult, workers are easy to injure and even die, and the resource waste or the tower taking cost is high. Selecting high-quality scions, grafting the scions with 3-5 annual stocks by using a medulla cambium grafting method, transplanting the plants to the mountain for field planting after nursery seedling strengthening is completed, and adopting a method of inserting field planting by different clone to prevent self-cross abortion during field planting; the method of distribution dwarfing is adopted to carry out interlacing bead-isolation dwarfing, the main branches are cut off to retain 3-5 layers of growth round branches, the included angle between the section and the ground is ensured, and the mother tree forms into open-heart, wide oval or spherical shapes by adopting a continuous branch pulling mode. The self-pollination probability can be reduced, the generation of empty and shrunken seeds is reduced, and the fruit filling is facilitated; step dwarfing can relieve the loss of snow damage in winter; the height of the dwarfed parent tree is reduced, so that seed collection is facilitated, the safety of tower picking workers is guaranteed, the tower picking expenses are reduced, and the tower picking efficiency is improved.

Description

Construction method of pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast area

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of pinus sylvestris, in particular to a construction method of a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast.

Background

Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica is a evergreen arbor in Pinaceae, and has become a main ecological tree species and a used tree species in northern China due to the characteristics of fast growth, good wood quality, cold resistance, poor tolerance and the like. Construction of a pinus sylvestris seed garden has been carried out in China as early as seventies of twentieth century, and pinus sylvestris clone seed garden is built in more places such as Longjiang county, gastrodia, er Mongolia, jilin white city, liaoning province chapter ancient station and the like in northern Heilongjiang province of China.

However, over time, the height of the parent tree of the pinus sylvestris seed garden can reach 25m, the height of part of the parent tree can even reach 30m, the distance between the tower branches and the ground can reach about 10m, the climbing and tower taking work is more and more difficult along with the increase of the crown width, the possibility of the occurrence of the accident of the falling injury (death) of the tower picking workers is high probability every year, and the mountain and middlelands of many seed gardens are not suitable for equipment such as lifting trolleys and the like to enter the seed picking operation site. Therefore, due to the great difficulty in harvesting seeds, part of seed gardens are abandoned for seed harvesting work on parent trees with old ages, and waste of good germplasm resources is caused.

In order to solve the production dilemma and combine the regional characteristics of the alpine region, the establishment of a clone seed garden construction and dwarfing operation scheme of the pinus sylvestris in the northeast region is a convenient and effective management approach.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that:

in order to solve the problems that the growth of the camphor son-pine parent tree is too high, the tree climbing and tower taking are difficult, the accident that the tower picking workers are injured and even die is caused, and the lifting trolley is difficult to enter a picking site, so that the resource waste is caused, or the cost of the tower picking is too high.

The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

the invention provides a construction method of a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, collecting scions, namely selecting good single plants which grow robustly and have a large quantity of fruiting bodies to collect scions, wherein 1-year-old branches are taken as grafting scions, and the length of each grafting branch is 10-15cm;

selecting a stock, namely selecting a place where a seed garden is located for grafting the stock to grow strong seedlings of the pinus sylvestris for 3-5 years;

thirdly, grafting time, wherein the grafting time is carried out when the length of the new heading of the stock in the current year is 15-25 cm;

selecting a medulla cambium attaching method, and paying attention to tightly winding a binding belt at an interface during grafting to prevent water loss;

step five, managing after grafting, cutting off the main tip of the stock after grafting for 1 month, and coating red oil on the incision; removing the binding band at the end of growth after the callus is formed at the joint of the current year; the winter in the first year is treated with cold protection, and the cold protection can be carried out by embedding seedlings and adding a plastic film; planting the grafted plants on the mountain after strengthening seedlings in the nursery for 2-3 years;

step six, primary topping, namely dwarfing the planted parent tree step by step, after the parent tree enters a fruiting period, conducting primary interlacing on the 13-16-year parent tree, cutting off main branches, retaining 3-5 layers of growth round branches, keeping the height of the pruned tree at 2.5-3m, and in order to prevent water accumulation on the section and reduce transpiration and dissipation of the stem water, the included angle between the section of the kerf and the ground is 40-60 degrees, the section of the kerf faces to the downhill or the perennial wind direction, and meanwhile, coating red paint after topping;

and seventhly, carrying out secondary topping, namely carrying out the topping dwarfing treatment on the plants which are not truncated in the park in the same way after the first topping, so as to finish the dwarfing work of the tree body of the whole park.

In the first step, the scion can be selected from a field excellent single plant or an excellent tree family selected by genetic measurement.

Further, in the first step, scion collection needs to be performed before the trunk liquid flow is restored, meanwhile, the collected scions are kept wet, and the scions are placed in a low-temperature cool place for storage before grafting.

Further, in the second step, the ratio of the grafting stock interface diameter to the scion diameter is at least 3:2.

Further, in the fifth step, the field planting is performed by taking care that different clones are inserted and planted, namely, the situation that the same clone plants exist around one plant is avoided, so that selfing and abortion are prevented.

Further, the step-by-step dwarfing is a line-dividing and line-dividing dwarfing treatment.

Further, pruning and bud picking treatment are required to be carried out on the truncated parent tree, 4-6 growing branches are reserved on each side branch, and in combination with the specific condition of the seed garden, branch pulling treatment is carried out on the parent tree with the included angle of the side branch and the trunk being smaller than 80 degrees, namely, the included angle of the side branch and the trunk is pulled to 80-90 degrees, and the branch pulling is carried out continuously for 4-5 years, so that the crown of the parent tree forms a open-core, wide oval or spherical shape.

Further, different fertilization methods should be adopted for the parent trees in different ages:

for a parent tree which does not bloom and fruit, in order to promote the parent tree to enter a fruit setting period early, radial and punctiform fertilization is adopted, namely radial ditches are dug around the trunk at a position 1.5m away from the trunk, the length is limited by the edge of a crown, the ditch width is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and the fertilizer is planted into the ditches and then is loosened;

for the parent tree which enters the setting period, the tree body is larger and fertilized in a dot shape, namely, at the position 2.5-3m away from the trunk, holes are dug along the periphery of the crown, the diameter of each hole is 20cm, the depth of each hole is 15cm, 6 holes are dug around each tree, and the fertilizer is planted into the holes and then is scarified;

and (3) annular fertilization is adopted for the parent tree with smaller tree body, namely, an annular ditch is dug around the trunk at the position 1.5-2m away from the trunk, namely, the edge of the crown, the ditch width is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and the fertilizer is planted into the soil after being buried into the ditch.

Further, in step seven, the plants to be truncated after the first crop cutting may grow to be firm and stable 2-4 years after the first crop cutting in northeast.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a construction method of a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China, which comprises the steps of selecting high-quality scions for collection, grafting with 3-5 annual stocks by using a method of attaching a medulla to form layers, transplanting plants to the mountain for field planting after seedling strengthening in a nursery is finished, and adopting a method of inserting field planting by different clone to prevent selfing and abortion during field planting; interlacing bead isolation dwarfing is carried out by adopting a distribution dwarfing method, 3-5 layers of growth round branches are reserved on the cut main branches, the included angle between the section and the ground is ensured, and the mother tree forms into a open-heart shape, a wide oval shape or a spherical shape by adopting a continuous branch pulling mode;

according to the construction method of the pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast China, tree body management work such as topping, branch pulling and bud picking is carried out, so that branches of crowns of a parent tree are relatively sparse, air flow of the crowns is increased, pollen can be lifted and mixed with air flow better through air heat flow movement when the parent tree is scattered, self-pollination probability of mixed pollen clouds can be reduced better, and generation of empty and shrunken seeds is reduced. Meanwhile, nutrient consumption is reduced after topping, and nutrients generated by the parent tree after pruning and bud picking are more intensively conveyed to fruiting branches, so that the plants can bear more and plump fruits.

According to the construction method of the pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in the northeast region, the pinus sylvestris seed garden is truncated step by step through the interlaced partition, partial wind and snow can be blocked by the non-truncated parent tree of the partition, the risk that lateral branches of the parent tree are folded in winter due to comprehensive topping, branch pulling and the like in two years immediately before topping is reduced, and the possible snow damage loss in winter is alleviated to a certain extent.

According to the construction method of the clone seed garden of the pinus sylvestris in the northeast area, the distance from the tower branches of the truncated female tree to the ground is reduced, workers can stand on a ladder or bare hands to pick the pinus sylvestris, the safety of land leveling operation is obviously higher than that of tree climbing operation, and the personal safety of seed picking workers is effectively protected.

According to the construction method of the pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in the northeast area, from the perspective of operation and management cost, the distance between the trunk branches and the ground is reduced, the employment cost of a mining tower is reduced from 300-500 yuan per day to 150-200 yuan per person, the mining tower time is increased from 30-40 yards per person to 40-50 yards per day, the mining tower cost is reduced while the mining tower efficiency is effectively improved, and the dwarfed seed garden can obviously reduce the later-stage operation cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the front and rear of the truncated end in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a comparative example before and after truncated in an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein, fig. 2 is a photograph of plants after 15 years of grafted seedlings are grown for 4 years with control plants after the interlaced spacing plant and the truncated dwarfing treatment.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like in the embodiments indicate terms of orientation, and only for simplifying the description based on the positional relationship of the drawings in the specification, do not represent that the elements and devices and the like referred to must be operated according to the specific orientation and the defined operations and methods, configurations in the specification, and such orientation terms do not constitute limitations of the present invention.

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.

The specific embodiment I is as follows: the invention provides a construction method of a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, collecting scions, namely selecting good plants which grow robustly and have a large quantity of fruiting bodies to collect the scions, wherein the good plants can be field good plants or good tree families selected through genetic measurement, and the length of 1-year-old branches of grafted scions is 10-15cm;

collecting scions before the trunk liquid flow is recovered, keeping moisture of the collected scions, and storing the scions before grafting in a low-temperature cool place;

secondly, selecting a stock, namely selecting a proper place where a seed garden is located for grafting the stock to grow strong seedlings of the pinus sylvestris for 3-5 years, wherein the minimum ratio of the diameter of a grafting stock interface to the diameter of a scion is 3:2;

selecting a medulla cambium grafting method, and paying attention to tightly winding a binding belt at an interface during grafting to prevent water loss and scion wilting;

the medulla cambium grafting method is an existing grafting method;

step five, managing after grafting, cutting off a main tip of the stock after grafting for 1 month, and coating red oil on the incision to prevent the water from transpiration too fast to cause wilting; removing the binding band at the end of growth after the callus is formed at the joint of the current year; the winter in the first year is finished, the winter protection can be carried out by adopting modes of embedding seedlings and buckling plastic films, and the grafting interface is prevented from being frostbitten or folded by snow; raising the grafted plant to mountain for field planting after strengthening seedling in nursery for 2-3 years, and taking care of inserting different clone for field planting, i.e. avoiding the same clone plant around one plant to prevent self-cross breeding;

step six, primary topping, adopting a stepwise dwarfing mode, carrying out first interlacing on a 13-16-year parent tree when the parent tree enters a fruiting period, cutting off main branches, retaining 3-5 layers of growing round branches, keeping the height of the pruned tree at 2.5-3m, and in order to prevent water accumulation on the section and reduce transpiration and dissipation of moisture of stems, the included angle between the section of a kerf and the ground is 40-60 degrees, the section of the kerf faces downward slope or is windward all year round, and meanwhile, red paint is coated after topping, so that trunk section water loss or rainfall water accumulation can be effectively prevented from causing trunk corrosion;

pruning and bud picking treatment is further carried out on the truncated parent tree, 4-6 growing branches are reserved on each side branch, and in combination with the specific conditions of a seed garden, the parent tree with the included angle of the side branches and the trunk being smaller than 80 degrees is subjected to branch pulling treatment, namely, the included angle of the side branches and the trunk is pulled to 80-90 degrees, the effect is optimal when the included angle of the side branches and the trunk is pulled to 80-90 degrees through an experimental comparison surface, and the crown of the parent tree is formed into an open-heart, wide oval or spherical shape by continuously pulling the branches for 4-5 years; the method is used for preventing plants from changing tree shapes, and guaranteeing that nutrients are concentrated in fruiting branches so as to promote fruiting;

and step seven, secondary topping, wherein the plants to be truncated grow firmly and stably after the first topping, namely, the plants which are not truncated in the garden are subjected to the second topping after growing for 2-4 years in northeast areas, namely, the plants which are not truncated in the garden are subjected to the topping dwarfing treatment, so that the whole tree body dwarfing work of the garden is completed. Other combinations and connection relationships of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Preferably, different fertilization methods should be adopted for the parent trees of different ages: for a parent tree which does not bloom and fruit, in order to promote the parent tree to enter a fruit setting period early, radial and punctiform fertilization is adopted, namely radial ditches are dug around the trunk at a position 1.5m away from the trunk, the length is limited by the edge of a crown, the ditch width is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and the fertilizer is planted into the ditches and then is loosened;

and (3) annular fertilization is adopted for the parent tree with smaller tree body, namely, an annular ditch is dug around the trunk at the position 1.5-2m away from the trunk, namely, the edge of the crown, the ditch width is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and the fertilizer is planted into the soil after being buried into the ditch. Is used for shortening the setting period of the female tree of the clone seed orchard of the pinus sylvestris and improving the yield and seed production quality of the female tree.

The female tree of camphor tree son makes the relative sparsity of female tree crown branch change through the tree body management work of truncated, drawing branch, bud, and crown air flow increases, and the pollen is along with air current lifting misce bene through air heat flow motion etc. that can be better when female tree looses powder, and the pollen cloud after mixing can be better reduce self-pollination probability, reduces empty flat seed and produces. Meanwhile, nutrient consumption is reduced after topping, and nutrients generated by the parent tree after pruning and bud picking are more intensively conveyed to fruiting branches, so that the plant can bear more and plump fruits.

In addition, the interlaced partition plants in the alpine region are used for intercepting the camphor tree seed garden step by step, and part of wind and snow can be blocked by the non-truncated parent tree through the partition plants, so that the risk that lateral branches of the parent tree are folded in winter due to comprehensive topping, branch pulling and the like possibly existing in two years before the topping is reduced, and the snow damage loss possibly existing in winter is alleviated to a certain extent.

From the perspective of operation and management cost, the distance from the tower branches of the truncated female tree to the ground is reduced, and workers can stand on a ladder or bare hands to pick the pine cone of the female tree of the camphor tree. The employment cost of climbing tree and collecting tower is 300-500 yuan each day in northeast China, while the employment cost of adopting the tree and collecting tower is 150-200 yuan each day in flat land operation, and meanwhile, the working efficiency is lower than that of flat land operation because the physical strength of workers is more consumed in the tree climbing process. For example, a seed garden configured by 5×5m is used as an example, 1600 mother trees are planted per hectare, 40-50 seeds can be collected per day in the flat land operation, 30-40d is needed for harvesting one hectare seed garden, the employer cost is 4500-8000 yuan, 30-40d is needed for harvesting one hectare, and 12000-25000 yuan is needed for harvesting one hectare, so that the economic cost is reduced, and the post-period operation cost of the dwarfed seed garden can be remarkably reduced. In addition, the safety of the land leveling operation is obviously higher than that of the tree climbing operation, and the personal safety of seed picking workers is effectively protected.

Examples

The embodiment is popularized and applied in the garda Cinnamomum camphora seed garden, and totally relates to 4 large areas and 80 cells.

The specific garden building steps are as follows:

scion was taken 2 months 2001: the scion part is from the clone with high yield and excellent growth vigor of the pine cone in the old garden of the seed garden, and the scion part is from the excellent tree in the natural forest of the camphor seed pine in the forest farm of the eighteen stations. The scions are 1-year-old branches with the length of 10-15cm, the scions are cut off and then placed in a paper box, ground snow is taken on the spot to cover the scions, the scions are picked back to the grafting site as soon as possible, and the scions are placed in a pit at a shade-wet position for grafting after spring starting.

Grafting propagation in 2001: grafting is carried out in late April, a local 3-year-old pinus sylvestris culture cup seedling is selected as a stock, grafting is carried out through a medulla cambium grafting method, the grafting is carried out on an open-air seedbed, and the first half month after grafting is careful to cover the shade to prevent water transpiration from being too fast to lead the seedling to wither. Removing original top branches of the stock after callus formation starts at grafting joints in late July, and coating red oil at the top-removing incision to prevent water from transpiration. Removing grafting binding bands after callus at grafting interface is mature. In winter in the first year, cold-proof treatment is needed to be carried out to prevent the grafting joint from being folded or blown by wind and snow, meanwhile, frozen water is needed to be poured before the grafting joint is frozen, namely wet freezing is carried out, and the seedbed where the grafting seedlings are located is covered with snow after the grafting seedlings are snowed.

Seedling management: the grafted seedlings grow for 2 years in a nursery, are watered and fertilized according to actual conditions in the seedling stage, and are cleared after the branches sprout in spring every year, so that nutrient waste caused by overgrowth of stocks is prevented.

Planting in mountain: taking the grafted 2-year seedlings out of the culture cup with soil in winter in 2003, bagging the seedlings with plastic bags, freezing the soil and root systems together by using low temperature, configuring the grafted seedlings in a staggered manner according to small clusters, and placing the seedlings in a planting ditch for temporary planting after the plant row spacing is 4 multiplied by 6 m. Ming-dynasty field planting is carried out in 4 months 2004. The full hilling and the compaction are carried out in the last ten days of 5 months of 2004, and the hole expanding and tending are carried out for 1 time in 7 months of 2004, and the specification is 1.5x1.5m. The supplementary planting is carried out 1 time in spring 2005.

Fertilizing and managing after field planting: and fertilizing 1 time each year after the grafted seedlings are planted. The seed garden fertilization method at different growth stages comprises the following steps:

(1) The fertilizer is mainly applied to the mother tree in the vegetative growth period, and the fertilizer application work is carried out in 5 months each year. In order to promote the parent tree to enter the setting period early, radial furrows are dug around the trunk at a position 1.5m away from the trunk, the length is limited by the edge of the crown, the width of the furrows is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and fertilizer is buried in the furrows and then is planted into loose soil.

(2) After the parent tree enters reproductive growth, the fertilizer is mainly applied by phosphate fertilizer, and the fertilizer application work is carried out in 8 months each year. Digging holes around the crown of a parent tree with a larger tree body at a position 2.5-3m away from the trunk, digging 6 holes around each tree with a diameter of 20cm and a depth of 15cm, burying fertilizer in the holes, and then planting into loose soil; and for the parent tree with smaller tree body, the ring-shaped ditch is dug around the tree trunk at the position 1.5-2m away from the tree trunk, namely the edge of the tree crown, the ditch width is 20cm, the depth is 15cm, and the fertilizer is planted into the ditch for scarification.

Step-by-step truncated treatment: and (5) carrying out interlacing, spacing, topping and pruning treatment on the parent tree which enters the reproductive growth period 10 months in 2015, wherein 5-6 rounds of growing branches are reserved on the topping, the kerfs uniformly face downwards, and the trunk is painted on the kerfs after the topping, so that moisture is not lost. Removing dead branches and aged branches, removing excessive dense branches and side branches, removing excessive top branches on the branches, leaving 4-6 growing branches on each side branch, leaving 4-6 side branches on each side branch, keeping the whole parent tree transparent and ventilated, and controlling the tree height below 3 m. Because the garden is in a gentle and open place and the planting density is sparse, the included angle between the lateral branches and the trunk is large, and the branch pulling treatment is not performed in the experiment. All truncated plants were subjected to the same procedure as before for the remaining non-truncated plants 10 months 2020.

The data of picking quality and seed quality modulation of the pine cone of camphor tree in the experimental area at the end of each year from 2014 to 2020 are shown in table 1 according to the cultivation method. Wherein, the pine cone from the picking year indicates the conditions of pollination, fruit setting and seed production in the previous year because the pine cone is a two-year fruit setting, namely, 2 growing seasons are needed from pollination of the large sporophyll ball to maturation of the cone. For example, cone harvesting in 2014 is data obtained by picking ripe cones produced by pollination in 2013, 5, and the like.

Table 12014-2020 experiment area cone yield and seed yield

As can be seen from Table 1, the data of 3 years of picking cones in 2014-2016 is generated after the female tree pollination fruit setting is mature in the garden before the seed garden interlace-separating plant topping treatment, the average seed yield in the three years is 1.27%, and the fruits in the same year bottom are collected after the interlace-separating plant topping dwarfing treatment is carried out in the garden in 10 months of 2015, so that the number of picking cones in 2015 is less. The harvest data in 2017-2020 is data generated after the harvest fruits of the interlaced spacer are ripe, the harvest fruits in 2017 are less, which shows that the quantity of the fruits of the parent tree in the spring garden in 2016 is less, which shows that the harvest operation in 2015-10 months has great influence on the flowering and pollination of the parent tree in 2015, but the influence is weakened in the next year, the harvest fruits in 2018 are high in yield compared with the harvest fruits before the harvest treatment, the harvest quantity of the cones in 2019 is the highest value in the observation stage, and the average yield in 2018-2020 in 3 years is 1.34 percent and is slightly higher than that before the harvest treatment. From the data in 2018 and 2019, it can be seen that the interlaced-spacing topping treatment does not reduce the yield of the parent tree cones and seeds in the seed garden, but increases the total amount of the fruiting cones year by year with the increase of the age of the tree, so that the average seed yield index is improved. The experimental area 2020 performs comprehensive topping dwarfing treatment on the rest plants in the garden 10 months, and then performs cone harvesting at the bottom of 2020, so that the quality of the cones harvested in the year and the total quality of the modulated seeds are low.

For comparison of the yield after topping, 10 months in 2019 during the cultivation period was randomly selected, 31 clones were randomly selected in the seed garden, and 3-4 plants were randomly selected for seed setting investigation per topping treatment (t) and control (ck). And (3) drawing a standard branch in the east, south, west and north directions, wherein the standard branch is distributed on a second round branch layer of the tower, the height of the truncated treated plant is approximately the same as that of a control plant from which the standard branch is taken, all the standard branches are taken from the tower, the number of the tower and the fresh weight of the pine cone are counted, and the obtained results are shown in table 2. The number of knots and the fresh weight of knots in table 2 are obtained by mixing four standard branches, and t-test is performed.

TABLE 2 comparison of different clone topping treatments and control knot tower conditions

From table 2 it can be seen that the difference in the number of knots and the fresh weight of knots of the truncated treated and control plants did not reach a significant level (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, the average number of knots and the fresh weight of knots per plant of the truncated plants measured were increased compared to the control plants, which were 1.13 times and 1.01 times the control plants, respectively.

In addition, the number of knots per plant in the selected truncated plants was 525 at most, and the number of knots per plant in the selected control plants was 247 at most, the former was 2.13 times that of the latter. The average tower-harvesting heaviest truncated individual on the fresh weight of the tower was 2.01 times the control heaviest individual.

The employment cost of a worker climbing 18 years old non-truncated mother tree (average tree height is about 6 m) is 300 yuan/day, 30 tree harvesting towers can be climbed every day; while the average tree height of the truncated 18-year-old parent tree is about 3m, 40 trees are collected in the tower every day, the employment cost is 150 yuan/day, and the experimental area density of the pinus sylvestris in the seed garden is 1600 plants/hm ² The labor cost of the truncated plants per hectare is 10000 yuan less than that of the non-truncated plants. In addition, as the seed garden is built in seventies of the last century, the four experimental regions are removed, the height of the earliest planted camphor son pine parent tree is more than 20m, the widest part of the crown width can reach about 8m, the manual climbing tree harvesting tower work can not be performed, and the existing standing condition is too high in harvesting cost by utilizing a lifting table, so that the harvesting of the parent tree with the height of more than 15m can be generally abandoned, and huge germplasm resource waste is caused in an intangible way.

Although the present disclosure is disclosed above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and such changes and modifications would be within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. The construction method of the pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for constructing a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast China according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the scion can be selected from a field excellent single plant or an excellent tree family selected by genetic measurement.

3. The method for constructing a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast China according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the first step, scion collection is required before the trunk liquid flow is restored, meanwhile, the collected scions are moisturized, and the scions are placed in a low-temperature cool place for pre-grafting storage.

4. The method for constructing a pinus sylvestris clone seed garden in northeast China according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the ratio of the grafting stock interface diameter to the scion diameter is at least 3:2.

5. The method for constructing a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the field planting is performed by inserting different clones, namely, the situation that the same clone plants are prevented from being present around one plant is avoided, so that selfing and abortion are prevented.

6. The method for constructing a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step-by-step dwarfing is a line-dividing and plant-dividing dwarfing treatment.

7. The method for constructing a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: pruning and bud picking treatment are also needed on the truncated parent tree, 4-6 growing branches are reserved on each side branch, and the parent tree with the included angle of the side branch and the trunk being smaller than 80 degrees is subjected to branch pulling treatment in combination with the specific condition of the seed garden, namely, the included angle of the side branch and the trunk is pulled to 80-90 degrees, and the side branch and the trunk are continuously pulled for 4-5 years to enable the crown of the parent tree to form an open-heart, wide oval or spherical shape.

8. The method for constructing a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China according to claim 7, wherein the method for fertilizing the parent tree at different ages is as follows:

9. The method for constructing a clone seed garden of pinus sylvestris in northeast China according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the seventh step, the plant to be truncated after the first topping may grow firmly and stably for 2-4 years after the first topping in northeast.