CN116761617A - 用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的组合物 - Google Patents
用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
成分(1):选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、锁阳、胡麻仁、续断、骨碎补、沙苑子、黑豆、九香虫、海马及阿胶组成的组中的至少一种生药;成分(2):选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹、决明子、薄荷、桑叶、山栀子、茶叶、昆布、野菊花、白花蛇舌草、车前子、车前草、小麦、青葙子、菊花、蒲公英、大青叶、半枝莲、金钱草、郁金、地榆及藏红花组成的组中的至少一种生药;成分(3):选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱、丝瓜络、红花、刘寄奴、仙鹤草、棕榈、降香、血竭、水蛭、三七、景天三七、花蕊石及藕节组成的组中的至少一种生药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包含生药成分的用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的组合物。
背景技术
月经所伴随的症状、即月经伴随症状中,有以下三种:月经前产生的症状(月经前症状)、月经中产生的症状(月经时症状)、及自月经前期至月经期间所产生的症状。根据现有研究,报告指出“根据2000年以后的调查,月经前症状达73.9~87.7%,月经时症状达79~98.5%,自月经前至月经时症状达98.4~99.9%,对日常生活造成妨碍的达27.1~35.3%”。另外,据推测,月经伴随症状所带来的社会经济上的损失甚至达到一年6,828亿日元,月经伴随症状不仅是女性在日常生活、社会生活上的重大问题,也是亟待解决的社会问题(非专利文献1)。
为了应对月经伴随症状,一般会使用利用市售药或处方药的药物疗法,但从医疗费的适当合理化的观点考虑,仍期望利用食品组合物来实现预防、改善或缓解。例如,专利文献1中,作为缓解月经伴随症状之一的生理痛(痛经)的食品,公开了一种生理痛缓解食品,其以孪果藤及覆盆子为主要成分,向其中添加氨基酸、维生素C等矫味成分、果糖或木糖醇等甜味成分、以及整粒/赋型成分而成。
生药为在作为代表性的传统医学体系的中国医学、以及由此发端的汉方医学中用于药品或食品的药用植物组,其功效及使用方法基于长达数千年的临床经验的积累而得以体系化。另外,扎根于中国医学的未病思想与预防亲和性高,对于作为通过预防来实现生活质量(QOL)的提高的食品原材料的期待越来越变高。然而,生药的组合所带来的功效的表现中仍有许多尚未阐明的部分,有充分的空间去发现新的组合以构筑有益的食品组合物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2004-121174号公报
非专利文献
非专利文献1:Doshisha ClinicalPsychology:Therapy and Research(2014)Vol.4、No.1、Pp.25-37
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于提供一种可以预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的、包含生药成分的新组合物。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人等为了实现上述目的而不断潜心研究,结果发现,通过选定三种具有特定的归经及性味的生药组进行调配,可以预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状。本发明基于上述发现进而反复研究而完成,提供一种包含生药成分的新组合物。
即,本发明为如下所述。
[1]
一种组合物,其包含下述成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)作为有效成分。
成分(1):选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、锁阳、胡麻仁、续断、骨碎补、沙苑子、黑豆、九香虫、海马及阿胶组成的组中的至少一种生药;
成分(2):选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹、决明子、薄荷、桑叶、山栀子、茶叶、昆布、野菊花、白花蛇舌草、车前子、车前草、小麦、青葙子、菊花、蒲公英、大青叶、半枝莲、金钱草、郁金、地榆及藏红花组成的组中的至少一种生药;
成分(3):选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱、丝瓜络、红花、刘寄奴、仙鹤草、棕榈、降香、血竭、水蛭、三七、景天三七、花蕊石及藕节组成的组中的至少一种生药。
[2]
根据[1]所述的组合物,其中,成分(2)为选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹及决明子组成的组中的至少一种生药。
[3]
根据[1]或[2]所述的组合物,其用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状。
[4]
根据[1]~[3]中任一项所述的组合物,其中,月经伴随症状为选自由痛经、下腹部痛、乳房胀或痛、经血量异常、白带异常、贫血症状、异于往常的食欲增进、消化不良症状、畏寒症、浮肿、头痛、便秘、腹泻、腹胀感和阴部及其周边部症状组成的组中的至少一种。
[5]
根据[1]~[4]中任一项所述的组合物,其为食品组合物或药物组合物。
发明效果
根据本发明的组合物,可以全面预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状,特别是可以预防、改善或缓解痛经、下腹部痛、乳房胀或痛、经血量异常、白带异常、贫血症状、异于往常的食欲增进、消化不良症状、畏寒症、浮肿、头痛、便秘、腹泻、腹胀感、阴部及其周边部症状等,有助于生活质量的提高及社会问题的解决。
根据本发明的组合物,进一步可以预防、改善或缓解选自由脸色、血色差,皮肤缺少光泽,皮肤暗沉、黑眼圈,痤疮、丘疹,伤口、淤青难以恢复,皮肤粗糙、皮肤瘙痒,性欲减退,腰痛,更年期症状,慢性疲劳,脱发,耳鸣,干眼症,眼睛疲劳,情绪不稳定,精神焦虑,抑郁症状,困倦,入睡困难,睡眠浅,易染感冒,手掌发红等症状中的至少一种症状。
具体实施方式
所谓归经是中国医学(中医学)中使用的一种概念,指生药作用于人体的哪个部分,表示药效显现的作用部位。归经由所谓的“五脏”即“肝、心、脾、肺、肾”构成,但中国医学的五脏与解剖学上的脏器并不一致,更偏向于指人体的“功能”。肝关系到自主神经、情绪、运动神经、妇科系统、肝脏,贮藏血液,控制气血顺畅流通。心关系到包括脑、心脏的循环系统,具有使血液于全身循环并滋养全身的作用。脾关系到消化系统、过敏、水分代谢的一部分,消化吸收饮食,形成身体的基本即“气血水”。肺关系到呼吸系统、皮肤、水分代谢的一部分、过敏,与脾合作形成“气”并将其散布至全身,调节水循环,保护身体不受外邪入侵,与免疫力密切相关。肾关系到生殖系统、泌尿系统、内分泌系统、老化及发育,积蓄生命能量之源,掌管全身的水的代谢,生成尿,进行再吸收。中国医药中,五脏共同生成并贮藏人体的精气,也对精神活动进行控制。
所谓性味(也称作“气味”)是指表示生药性质的分类体系的一种类型,各味关系到五脏,或者味本身各有作用。最常见的是由“寒、凉、平、温、热”这五性表示使人体寒冷或使人体温暖的性质,另外,由“辣、甘、酸、苦、咸”这五味表示摄取时的味,同时也成为功效的指标。五味中有时还进一步增加“淡、涩”。“热”及“温”具有驱散寒冷而使身体温暖、兴奋、活跃的作用;另一方面,“寒”及“凉”具有冷却身体的热、解毒、使心情平静的作用;“平”是指既不使人温暖也不使人寒冷的性质。“寒”有时也根据程度进而分为“大寒”、“寒”、“微寒”。“辣”关系到肺,具有发汗、行气、散气的作用。“甘”关系到脾,具有补助或缓解的作用。“酸”关系到肝,具有收敛的作用。“苦”关系到心,具有清热、燥湿、利泄的作用。“咸”关系到肾,具有软坚润下的作用。性味有时也根据程度细分为“大寒”、“微苦”等。
归经及性味被设定于几乎所有生药,往往归经及/或性味一致的生药其功效也相同,归经及性味是帮助大量生药的功效、配方设计的体系化的技术思想的代表。
本发明的组合物包含成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)作为有效成分。如表1所示,成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)为各自具有共同的归经及/或性味的生药组。各生药使用一般已知的来源及部位。
成分(1)是归经为“肝”或“心”、且五性为“温”或“平”的生药,为可期待补血作用的生药。具体地,为选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、锁阳、胡麻仁、续断、骨碎补、沙苑子、黑豆、九香虫、海马及阿胶组成的组中的至少一种。这些生药中,从获取容易度(供给稳定性)、味或功效的观点考虑,优选为选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、锁阳、胡麻仁、续断、骨碎补及沙苑子组成的组中的至少一种;从通过较少的原料生药量便能奏效的观点考虑,更优选为选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子及锁阳组成的组中的至少一种,特别优选为龙眼肉。作为成分(1),可以为1种生药、2种生药、3种生药或4种以上的生药。
成分(2)是归经为“肝”、且五性为“寒”或“凉”的生药,具体地,为选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹、决明子、薄荷、桑叶、山栀子、茶叶、昆布、野菊花、白花蛇舌草、车前子、车前草、小麦、青葙子、菊花、蒲公英、大青叶、半枝莲、金钱草、郁金、地榆及藏红花组成的组中的至少一种。作为成分(2),可以为1种生药、2种生药、3种生药、或4种以上的生药。
作为成分(2),上述生药中,优选为选自由归经为“肝”及“肾”的女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹及决明子组成的组中的至少一种;从通过较少的原料生药量便能奏效的观点考虑,更优选为选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草及决明子组成的组中的至少一种;从味或功效的观点考虑,特别优选为女贞子及/或牡蛎。
另外,作为成分(2),优选为选自由决明子、薄荷、车前子及车前草组成的组中的至少一种,通过使本发明的组合物包含这些成分中的至少一种,从而可以增强并发挥这些生药所具有的整肠作用,可以获得能短期内感受到特征性功效的组合物。
另外,作为成分(2),优选为选自由牡蛎、薄荷、茶叶、白花蛇舌草、车前子、车前草、半枝莲及金钱草组成的组中的至少一种,通过使本发明的组合物包含这些成分中的至少一种,从而可以增强并发挥这些生药所具有的改善代谢作用,可以获得能短期内感受到特征性功效的组合物。
成分(3)是归经为“肝”或“心”、且五性为“温”或“平”的生药,是可期待使血液循环活性化的作用的生药。具体地,为选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱、丝瓜络、红花、刘寄奴、仙鹤草、棕榈、降香、血竭、水蛭、三七、景天三七、花蕊石及藕节组成的组中的至少一种。这些生药中,从味或功效的观点考虑,优选为选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱、丝瓜络、红花、刘寄奴、仙鹤草及棕榈组成的组中的至少一种,更优选为选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱及丝瓜络组成的组中的至少一种;从通过较少的原料生药量便能奏效的观点考虑,特别优选为莪术、鸡血藤及姜黄。作为成分(3),可以为1种生药、2种生药、3种生药、或4种以上的生药。
成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的生药的归经及五性总结于下述表1。
[表1]
对成分(1)的各生药简单地进行说明。龙眼肉是将无患子科龙眼(Dimocarpuslongan Lour.)的假种皮半干燥而成的。胡芦巴是将豆科植物胡芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)的种子干燥而成的。枸杞子是将茄科植物枸杞(Lycium chinense Mill.)或茄科植物宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)的果实干燥而成的。锁阳是将锁阳科植物欧锁阳(Cynomorium coccineum L.)的全草干燥而成的。胡麻仁是将胡麻科植物胡麻(Sesamumindicum L.)的种子干燥而成的。续断是将川续断科植物川续断(Dipsacus asper Wall.exC.b.Clarke)的根干燥而成的。骨碎补是将水龙骨科植物槲蕨(Drynaria fortunei(Kunzeex Mett.)J.Sm.)的根茎干燥而成的。沙苑子是将豆科植物扁茎黄芪(Astragaluscomplanatus R.Br.)的种子干燥而成的。黑豆是将豆科植物大豆(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)的种子干燥而成的。九香虫是将兜蝽科昆虫九香虫(Aspongopus chinensis Dallas)整体干燥而成的。海马是将线纹海马(Hippocampus kelloggi Jordan et Snyder)、刺海马(Hippocampus histrix Kaup)、管海马(Hippocampus kuda Bleeker.)或三斑海马(Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach)整体干燥而成的。阿胶是对马科动物驴(Equusasinus L.)去毛后的皮、骨、腱或韧带通过水进行加热提取,除去脂肪,浓缩干燥而成的。
对成分(2)的各生药简单地进行说明。女贞子是将木犀科植物女贞(Ligustrumlucidum Aiton)的果实干燥而成的。牡蛎是牡蛎科动物长牡蛎(Ostrea gigas Thunb.)的贝壳。旱莲草是将菊科植物鳢肠(Eclipta prostrata L.)的全草干燥而成的。桑椹是将桑科植物桑(Morus alba L.)或桑科植物鸡桑(Morus australis Poir.)的果实干燥而成的。决明子是将豆科植物决明(Cassia obtusifolia L.)或豆科植物小决明(Cassiatora L.)的种子干燥而成的。薄荷是将唇形科植物野薄荷(Mentha arvensis L.var.piperascensMalinv.)的地上部分干燥而成的。桑叶是将桑科植物桑(Morus alba L.)的叶子干燥而成的。山栀子是将茜草科植物栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)的果实干燥而成的。茶叶是将山茶科植物茶树(Camellia sinensis Kuntze)的叶子干燥而成的。昆布是将Saccharina japonica(Areschoug)C.E.Lane,C.Mayes,Oruehl et G.W.Saunders、Saccharina religiosa(Miyabe)C.E.Lane,C.Mayes,Oruehl et G.W.Saunders、Saccharina ochotensis(Miyabe)C.E.Lane,C.Mayes,Oruehl et G.W.Saunders、Saccharina longissima(Miyabe)C.E.Lane,C.Mayes,Oruehl et G.W.Saunders、或其他昆布(Saccharina)属植物的叶子干燥而成的。野菊花是将菊科植物野菊(Chrysanthemumindicum L.)的头状花序干燥而成的。白花蛇舌草是将茜草科植物白花蛇舌草(Hedgotisdiffusa WILLD.)的全草干燥而成的。车前子是将车前科植物车前(Plantago asiaticaL.)的种子干燥而成的。车前草是将车前科植物车前(Plantago asiatica L.)花期的全草干燥而成的。小麦是将禾本科植物小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的种子干燥而成的。青葙子是将苋科植物青葙(Celosia argentae L.)的种子干燥而成的。菊花是将菊科植物菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)的头状花序干燥而成的。蒲公英是将菊科植物蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)、碱地蒲公英(Taraxacum sinicum Kitag.)、白缘蒲公英(Taraxacum plantypecidum Diels)、白花蒲公英(Taraxacum puseudo-albidumKitag.)、雾灵蒲公英(Taraxacum cuspidatum Dahlst.)、或其他蒲公英(Taraxacum)属植物的包含根的全草干燥而成的。大青叶是将爵床科植物马蓝(Baphicacanthes cusiaBremek.)或十字花科植物菘蓝(Isatis tinctoria L.)的叶子干燥而成的。半枝莲是将唇形科植物半枝莲(Scutellaria barbata d.Don)的全草干燥而成的。金钱草是将豆科植物广金钱草(Desmodium styracifolium(Osbeck)Merr.)的全草干燥而成的。郁金是将姜科植物姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)或姜科植物郁金(Curcuma aromatica Salisb.)的块根干燥而成的。地榆是将蔷薇科植物地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis L.)的根及根茎干燥而成的。藏红花是将鸢尾科植物藏红花(Crocus sativus L.)的柱头干燥而成的。
对成分(3)的各生药简单地进行说明。莪术是将姜科植物莪术(Curcuma zedoariaRoscoe)的根茎按照惯例焯水后进行干燥而成的。鸡血藤是将豆科植物密花豆(Spatholobus suberectus Dunn)或豆科植物白花油麻藤(Mucuna birdwoodianaTutcher)的茎干燥而成的。姜黄是将姜科植物姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)的根茎直接或除去木栓层后按照惯例焯水后进行干燥而成的。三棱是将黑三棱科植物黑三棱(Sparganiumstoloniferum Buchanan-Hamilton)的根茎干燥而成的。丝瓜络是将葫芦科植物丝瓜(Luffa cylindrica Roem.)的网状纤维干燥而成的。红花是将菊科植物红花(Carthamustinctorius L.)的管状花直接或除去黄色色素的大部分后进行干燥而成的,是视情形压榨成板状并进行干燥而成的。刘寄奴是将玄参科植物阴行草(Siphonostegia chinensisBenth.)或菊科植物奇蒿(Artcmisia anomala s.Moore)的全草干燥而成的。仙鹤草是将蔷薇科植物仙鹤草(Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.)的全草干燥而成的。棕榈是将棕榈科植物棕榈(Trachycarpus fortunei(Hook.f.)H.Wendl.)的叶柄干燥而成的。降香是将芸香科植物山油柑(Acronichia pedunculata(L)Miq.)的木部干燥而成的。血竭是将棕榈科植物麒麟血竭(Daemonorops draco Blume)的树脂干燥而成的。水蛭是将水蛭科动物蚂蟥(Whitmania pigra Whitman)的整体干燥而成的。三七是将五加科植物三七(Panaxnotoginseng Feng Hwai Chen)的除去细根后的根干燥而成的。景天三七是将景天科植物景天三七(Sedum aizoon L.)的带根的全草干燥而成的。花蕊石是包括蛇纹石的大理石Ophicalcite(蛇纹大理石)。藕节是将睡莲科植物莲(Nelunbo nucifera Gaertn.)的根茎的节部干燥而成的。
成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的生药是作用较为缓和的生药,可以作为食品日常摄取。各生药组的生药可以进行任意组合,但将特别优选的组合示于以下表2。
[表2]
组合 | 成分(1) | 成分(2) | 成分(3) |
1 | 龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子 | 女贞子 | 莪术 |
2 | 龙眼肉、胡芦巴 | 牡蛎、旱莲草 | 莪术、鸡血藤 |
3 | 锁阳、枸杞子 | 牡蛎 | 红花、棕榈 |
4 | 龙眼肉 | 旱莲草、女贞子 | 姜黄、鸡血藤 |
5 | 胡麻仁、续断 | 旱莲草、桑椹 | 三棱 |
6 | 龙眼肉 | 女贞子 | 莪术、鸡血藤 |
7 | 胡麻仁、续断、锁阳 | 女贞子 | 姜黄 |
8 | 枸杞子、锁阳 | 牡蛎、决明子 | 三棱 |
9 | 龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子 | 牡蛎 | 莪术 |
10 | 龙眼肉 | 牡蛎 | 莪术、鸡血藤 |
11 | 胡芦巴、枸杞子 | 牡蛎、山栀子 | 莪术、姜黄 |
12 | 龙眼肉、枸杞子 | 女贞子、桑椹 | 鸡血藤、莪术 |
13 | 胡芦巴、枸杞子、胡麻仁 | 女贞子、旱莲草 | 鸡血藤、红花 |
作为本发明的组合物中包含的成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的生药,可以为生药本身,也可以为将生药切细或粉碎的药材,或者也可以为生药的提取物。本申请说明书中,所谓生药的提取物,优选通过制药上允许的水性溶剂,例如通过水(包括热水)、乙醇、或水与乙醇的混合溶剂对生药进行提取所获得的提取物。生药提取物可以是通过公知的提取方法制作而成的,也可以为一般的软提取物或提取物粉末、提取物颗粒。
本发明的组合物是用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的组合物。月经伴随症状有以下三种:月经前症状、月经时症状、及自月经前期至月经期所产生的症状。月经前症状主要是指月经前综合症(premenstrual syndrome,PMS),所谓PMS是指自月经前3~10日开始的精神上、身体上的症状,其会随着月经开始而减退或者消失。月经时症状主要是指月经困难症或痛经症,月经困难症或痛经症是指在月经期间伴随月经所产生的病态症状,较为多见的是依次出现下腹痛、腰痛、腹胀感、恶心、头痛、疲劳、倦怠、食欲不振、焦躁、腹泻及忧郁。自月经前期至月经期所产生的症状主要是指围经期综合症(perimenstrual syndrome,PEMS),PEMS的症状包括:焦躁、无精打采、焦虑加剧、忧郁等精神症状,以及想要独处、讨厌月经的社会性症状等。
本发明的组合物是通过调配特定的归经及性味的生药而可以用于预防、改善或缓解各种月经伴随症状的组合物。即,成分(1)对关系到妇科系统的肝起作用而进行补血,与此同时,成分(3)使血液循环活性化,进而利用成分(2)取得寒/温的平衡,由此可以调整女性的气血(血液循环),可以预防、改善或缓解各种月经伴随症状。特别是对痛经、下腹部痛、乳房胀或痛、经血量异常(经血量多或少)、白带(阴道分泌物)异常(阴道分泌物多或少,或者阴道分泌物的粘性强等)、贫血症状、异于往常的食欲增进、消化不良症状、畏寒症、浮肿、头痛、便秘、腹泻、腹胀感、阴部及其周边部症状等月经伴随症状有效,例如,对选自这些月经伴随症状中的至少1种、至少3种、至少5种、至少7种、至少9种、至少11种、至少13种、或全部症状有效。另外,所谓异于往常的食欲增进,是指能看出月经期特有的与平时不同的食欲增进的现象,已指出是激素平衡的变动所带来的影响。阴部及其周边部症状是指阴部及其周边部(所谓的私密处)疼痛、瘙痒、炎症、发痒感、异味等。
本发明的组合物可以进而预防、改善或缓解选自脸色、血色差,皮肤缺少光泽,皮肤暗沉、黑眼圈,痤疮、丘疹,伤口、淤青难以恢复,皮肤粗糙、皮肤瘙痒,性欲减退,肩部酸痛,腰痛,更年期症状,慢性疲劳,脱发,耳鸣,干眼症,眼睛疲劳,情绪不稳定(情绪起伏大,易怒等),精神焦虑(易心情低落等)、抑郁症状,困倦,入睡困难,睡眠浅,易染感冒,手掌发红等症状中的至少一种症状(例如至少2种、至少3种、至少4种、至少5种、至少6种、至少7种、至少8种、至少9种以上的症状)。这些症状、状态并不一定是月经伴随症状,但却是女性特有的烦恼(与女性激素相关)或与血液循环相关的症状,认为本发明的组合物通过调整气血(血液循环),也可以广泛预防、改善或缓解女性特有的烦恼或与血液循环相关的症状整体。上述女性特有的烦恼或与血液循环相关的症状整体可分类为:包括脸色、血色差,皮肤缺少光泽,皮肤暗沉、黑眼圈,痤疮、丘疹,伤口、淤青难以恢复,皮肤粗糙、皮肤瘙痒等美容相关症状;包括性欲减退、肩部酸痛、腰痛、更年期症状、慢性疲劳、脱发、耳鸣、干眼症、眼睛疲劳等更年期相关症状;包括情绪不稳定,精神焦虑、抑郁症状,困倦,入睡困难,睡眠浅等精神相关症状;包括易染感冒、手掌发红等其他相关症状。
作为本发明的组合物中包含的成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的生药的调配量,可根据摄取者的体重、年龄、症状等各种条件而适当设定,只要是足以发挥预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的作用的量即可,以每日量的生药的重量(为提取物时,为使用的生药的重量(生药换算重量))(g/日)进行规定。组合物的摄取可以为1日1次,也可以分多次、例如分2次、3次或4次摄取。多次摄取时,以1日的总量为1日量的方式进行摄取即可。
关于各生药的1日量,作为成分(1),可举出:龙眼肉3~12g、胡芦巴3~9g、枸杞子3~9g、锁阳3~9g、胡麻仁9~30g、续断9~15g、骨碎补9~15g、沙苑子9~15g、黑豆30~60g、九香虫3~6g、海马3~9g、阿胶6~15g;作为成分(2),可举出:女贞子2~15g、牡蛎2~30g、旱莲草2~15g、桑椹3~30g、决明子2~15g、薄荷1.5~6g、桑叶3~9g、山栀子3~9g、茶叶3~15g、昆布10~15g、野菊花9~15g、白花蛇舌草15~60g、车前子3~9g、车前草9~15g、小麦30~60g、青葙子3~15g、菊花6~12g、蒲公英6~30g、大青叶6~15g、半枝莲15~30g、金钱草15~30g、郁金3~9g、地榆9~15g、藏红花1~3g;作为成分(3),可举出:莪术1.5~9g、鸡血藤3~60g、姜黄1.5~9g、三棱1.5~9g、丝瓜络3~15g、红花3~15g、刘寄奴9~60g、仙鹤草9~60g、棕榈6~15g、降香3~6g、血竭1~1.5g、水蛭3~6g、三七3~9g、景天三七15~30g、花蕊石3~9g、藕节10~30g。在使用多种生药作为成分(1)、(2)或(3)时,各生药的1日量可适当减量。
本发明的组合物优选为食品组合物或药物组合物。食品组合物可以为作为食品而言可能的任意形态。例如可举出:乳制品;发酵食品(酸奶、奶酪等);饮料类(咖啡、果汁、茶饮料之类的清凉饮料,碳酸饮料,乳饮料,乳酸菌饮料,含乳酸菌饮料,酸奶饮料,日本酒、果酒、洋酒之类的酒等);酱类(卡仕达酱等);糊类(水果糊等);西式点心类(甜甜圈、派、奶油泡芙、口香糖、糖果、果冻、曲奇、蛋糕、巧克力、布丁等);日式点心类(夹心糯米团(大福)、年糕(もち)、包子(マンジュウ)、蜂蜜蛋糕(カステラ)、豆沙水果凉粉、羊羹等);冰点心类(冰淇淋、棒冰、果汁冰糕(sherbet)等);食品类(咖喱、牛丼(日式牛肉盖浇饭)、菜粥、粥、味噌汤、汤、肉、意面、腌菜、果酱等);调味料类(调味酱、鲜味调味料、紫菜盐、汤料等)等。所述食品组合物可以在专业店铺中作为料理提供,另外,也可以采取预制菜、蒸煮食品、冷冻食品、其他一般的食品组合物的包装形态等以一般流通形态提供。
上述各种形态的食品组合物中,除了作为有效成分的成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)以外,只要不影响有效成分的作用,也可以包含允许作为食品的成分。例如可举出:各种一般食材、淀粉、明胶、植物油脂、动物油脂、加工油脂等、羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、刺槐豆胶、黄耆树胶、刺梧桐树胶、魔芋葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶、琼脂、角叉菜胶、聚丙烯酸、槐豆胶、海藻酸、环糊精等胶凝剂、调味料、甜味料、香辛料、着色料、保存料、抗氧化剂、水、清凉剂、粘合剂、甜味料、崩解剂、润滑剂、着色料、香料、稳定剂、防腐剂、缓释调整剂、表面活性剂、溶解剂、湿润剂等。
以进一步发挥复合效果为目的,本发明的食品组合物可以适当任意调配具有功能性的食品材料。例如可以适当任意调配除了成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)以外的各种生药;各种益生菌;各种低聚醣;维生素、矿物质等营养成分;黄酮类;醌类;多酚类;氨基酸;核酸;必需脂肪酸;其他公知的功能性食品材料。
各种形态的食品组合物的制法没有特别限定,可以适当地遵照公知的方法。另外,可以添加能够减少生药特有的味及气味的成分,或者进行处理。
另外,本发明的食品组合物还可以为以保健、维持健康、增进健康等为目的的食品,例如健康食品、功能性标示食品、营养辅助食品、补充剂、特定保健用食品或营养功能食品等。本发明的食品组合物为补充剂时,例如可以为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、液剂、散剂、饮剂、冻胶(jelly)等形态。
本发明的食品组合物中作为有效成分的成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的含量没有特别限定,而且,根据食品组合物的形态也不同。例如,食品组合物的形态为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、液剂、散剂、棒状冻胶(stick jelly)等补充剂形态时,食品组合物中的各生药的总重量典型地可举出为该食品组合物的10~80质量%。另外,食品组合物的形态为各种饮料、冻胶、食品类、蒸煮食品(RETORT FOOD)类等一般食品形态时,食品组合物中的各生药的总重量典型地可举出为该食品组合物的0.05~25质量%。若考虑味道、量,则优选将食品组合物中的有效成分的调配量抑制至最小限度,该情况下,比起直接调配生药,优选使用生药提取物。本发明的食品组合物中包含的生药作为普通食品而使用的作用缓和,因此其摄取量没有特别限定。若本发明的食品组合物的摄取量为包含上述生药的1日量的量,则可以获得所期望的预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状的效果。
本发明的药物组合物可以为饮剂、糖浆、冻胶、冻干粉末、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、细粒剂、颗粒剂等剂型,另外,除了作为有效成分的成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)以外,例如还可以包含药学上允许的成分,例如赋形剂、粘合材料、润滑剂、崩解剂、乳化剂、表面活性剂、基质、溶解助剂、悬浮剂。
本发明的组合物也可以与其他组合物并用。例如,通过将本发明的组合物与用于应对月经伴随症状的市售药,例如非甾体抗炎剂、低剂量口服避孕药等并用,可以通过使用最低限度的市售药来消除不适症状。
本发明的组合物的摄取时机没有特别限定,1日1次的摄取时,可以在起床后、饭前、两餐之间、饭后、就寝前等任意时间摄取;1日多次的摄取时,可以在起床后、饭前、两餐之间、饭后、就寝前中的2个、3个或4个以上的时机摄取。另外,也可以在吃饭的同时摄取。本发明的食品组合物可以连续摄取1周以上,优选2周以上,更优选4周以上。
以下,为了进一步详细地对本发明进行说明而举出实施例。但是,本发明并不受这些实施例等任何限定。
实施例
<实施例1>
以重量比6:3:3:4.5:3调配龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、女贞子、莪术作为原料生药,用常水进行沸腾提取,进行过滤、浓缩、杀菌,添加适量糊精后,利用喷雾干燥器进行干燥,获得混合植物提取物粉末。将获得的提取物内相当于作为原料生药的龙眼肉6g、胡芦巴3g、枸杞子3g、女贞子4.5g、莪术3g的提取物粉末6.3g作为1日份的食品组合物。
<实施例2>
以重量比3:3:4.5:3:6调配锁阳、枸杞子、牡蛎、红花、棕榈作为原料生药,用常水进行沸腾提取,进行过滤、浓缩、杀菌,添加适量糊精后,利用喷雾干燥器进行干燥,获得混合植物提取物粉末。将获得的提取物内相当于作为原料生药的锁阳3g、枸杞子3g、牡蛎4.5g、红花3g、棕榈6g的提取物粉末6.0g作为1日份的食品组合物。
<实施例3>
以重量比3:3:4.5:3:9调配龙眼肉、旱莲草、女贞子、姜黄、鸡血藤作为原料生药,用常水进行沸腾提取,进行过滤、浓缩、杀菌,添加适量糊精后,利用喷雾干燥器进行干燥,获得混合植物提取物粉末。将获得的提取物内相当于作为原料生药的龙眼肉3g、旱莲草3g、女贞子4.5g、姜黄3g、鸡血藤9g的提取物粉末7.5g作为1日份的食品组合物。
<比较例1>
以重量比3:3:3:3调配决明子、桑椹、鱼腥草、山栀子作为原料生药,用常水进行沸腾提取,进行过滤、浓缩、杀菌,添加适量糊精后,利用喷雾干燥器进行干燥,获得混合植物提取物粉末。将获得的提取物内相当于决明子3g、桑椹3g、鱼腥草3g、山栀子3g的提取物粉末5.4g作为1日份的食品组合物。
<比较例2>
以重量比3:6:15调配龙眼肉、棕榈、绿豆作为原料生药,用常水进行沸腾提取,进行过滤、浓缩、杀菌,添加适量糊精后,利用喷雾干燥器进行干燥,获得混合植物提取物粉末。将获得的提取物内相当于作为原料生药的龙眼肉3g、棕榈6g、绿豆15g的提取物粉末6.0g作为1日份的食品组合物。
将实施例1~3及比较例1、2的生药调配量、以及各生药的归经及五性的一览示于表3。
[表3]
<试验例1>
(对以月经伴随症状为首的身体不适产生的影响的评价试验1)
以自觉存在月经伴随症状或者存在日常身体问题的20岁以上49岁以下的日本人女性110名为对象,实施随机双盲平行组对照试验,对本发明的效果进行研究。使54名将实施例1的提取物粉末以1日量2.1g、1日1次两餐之间溶解于约150cc的温水中摄取,连续4周(28天)。此外,使另外56名将比较例1的提取物粉末以1日量1.8g、1日1次两餐之间溶解于约150cc的温水中摄取,连续4周(28天)。在摄取前及结束4周的摄取时,以全部受验者为对象实施不适症状问卷调查,对症状的改善度进行评价。不适症状问卷调查中,对表4中记载的各症状组设定以下5个等级的得分:“非常在意(1)”、“有点在意(2)”、“不好说(3)”、“几乎不在意(4)”、“完全不在意(5)”,根据摄取前后针对各症状的得分的变动,对改善度进行评价。更加具体而言,对于每个问卷调查项目(不适症状),将摄取前问卷调查的得分为1或2的对象者中,摄取结束时问卷调查的得分变成4或5的对象者的比例作为改善率,将改善率30%以上的不适症状判定为该提取物有改善效果。
(结果)
将结果示于表4。由表4可知,通过摄取实施例1的提取物,痛经,下腹部痛,乳房胀或痛,经血量异常,白带(阴道分泌物)的异常,贫血症状,异于往常的食欲增进,消化不良症状,畏寒症,浮肿,头痛,便秘、腹泻、腹胀感,阴部及其周边部(私密处)症状等月经伴随症状全部得到改善;另外,脸色、血色差,皮肤缺少光泽,皮肤暗沉、黑眼圈,痤疮、丘疹,伤口、淤青难以恢复,皮肤粗糙、皮肤瘙痒,性欲减退,腰痛,更年期症状,耳鸣,情绪不稳定(情绪起伏),精神焦虑、抑郁症状,易染感冒,手掌发红等女性特有的烦恼(与女性激素相关)或与血液循环相关的症状也得到改善。另外,通过摄取比较例1的提取物,也可见到一部分月经伴随症状得到改善,但不如实施例1般月经伴随症状及女性特有的烦恼、与血液循环相关的症状整体都得到改善。认为这是比较例1中包含的成分(2)的生药所带来的有限的效果。
[表4]
<试验例2>
(对以月经伴随症状为首的身体不适产生的影响的评价试验2)
按照以下设计实施单盲前后对照试验,对本发明的效果进行研究。以自觉存在月经伴随症状或者存在日常身体问题的19岁以上47岁以下的日本人女性13名为对象,使对象者将实施例3的提取物粉末以1日量2.5g、1日1次两餐之间溶解于约150cc的温水中连续摄取4周(28天)。在摄取前及结束4周的摄取时,以全部受验者为对象实施不适症状问卷调查,对症状的改善度进行评价。摄取前的不适症状问卷调查中,对表5中记载的各症状组设定“非常在意(1)”、“有点在意(2)”、“不在意(3)”的3个等级的得分,对摄取前的有症状者进行判定。摄取结束时的不适症状问卷调查中,对表5中记载的各症状组设置“明显改善(1)”、“有改善(2)”、“没有变化(3)”、“恶化(4)”、“明显恶化(5)”的5个等级的得分,对摄取前后针对各症状的改善度进行评价。摄取结束后设置4周以上的洗脱期后,同样地,使相同受验者将实施例1的提取物粉末以1日量2.1g、1日1次连续摄取4周,在摄取前及摄取结束时实施不适症状问卷调查。之后也同样地,依次使用比较例2的提取物粉末(1日量2.0g)、比较例1的提取物粉末(1日量1.8g),分别设置4周以上的洗脱期后,使相同受验者以1日1次连续摄取提取物4周,在摄取前及摄取结束时实施不适症状问卷调查。此外,另外以不同受验者,即自觉存在月经伴随症状或者存在日常身体问题的24岁以上53岁以下的日本人女性13名为对象,使对象者将实施例2的提取物粉末以1日量2.0g、同样地1日1次连续摄取4周,在摄取前及摄取结束时实施不适症状问卷调查。
在评价各症状的改善度的指标中,对于每个问卷调查项目(不适症状),将摄取结束时问卷调查的得分为1或2的对象者占摄取前问卷调查的得分为1或2的对象者(有症状者)的比例用作改善率。试验例2中,受验者数与试验例1相比较为有限,改善率的定量比较较为困难,因此,以改善度的定性比较为目的,将改善率为正值的不适症状判定为该提取物有改善效果(〇)。另外,表5中的人数是在试验开始前表示自身有不适症状的人数(有症状者数量),对于有症状者数量为受验者总数的20%以下的不适症状,视为无效数据(-)从评价中排除。
(结果)
将结果示于表5。由表5分别可见,通过摄取比较例1或比较例2的提取物,痛经、乳房胀或痛、经血量异常、白带量异常、手脚冰凉、便秘这样的一部分月经伴随症状得到改善,另外,也确认到痤疮、丘疹得以改善。认为这是比较例1中包含的成分(2)的生药、或比较例2中包含的成分(1)和成分(3)的生药所带来的有限效果。另一方面,通过摄取实施例1~3的提取物,不仅是通过摄取比较例1和2的提取物确认到的症状的改善,而且白带粘性异常、腹泻、腹胀感、阴部及其周边部症状这样的摄取比较例1和2的提取物时未能确认到改善的月经伴随症状也得以改善。进一步地,通过摄取实施例1~3的提取物,脸色、血色差,皮肤缺少光泽,皮肤粗糙、皮肤瘙痒,肩部酸痛、腰痛,慢性疲劳,脱发,耳鸣,干眼症,眼睛疲劳,困倦,入睡困难,睡眠浅这样的女性特有的烦恼或与血液循环相关的症状整体广泛得到改善。
[表5]
由试验例1及试验例2的结果可知,通过摄取虽包含成分(2)但不包含成分(1)和成分(3)的比较例1、或虽包含成分(1)和成分(3)但不包含成分(2)的比较例2的提取物,只能在一部分月经伴随症状确认到有预防、改善或缓解效果,而通过摄取本发明的组合物即包含成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)的实施例1、实施例2或实施例3的提取物,在月经伴随症状及女性特有的烦恼或与血液循环相关的症状整体可以广泛确认到有预防、改善或缓解效果。
Claims (5)
1.一种组合物,其包含下述成分(1)、成分(2)和成分(3)作为有效成分,
成分(1):选自由龙眼肉、胡芦巴、枸杞子、锁阳、胡麻仁、续断、骨碎补、沙苑子、黑豆、九香虫、海马及阿胶组成的组中的至少一种生药;
成分(2):选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹、决明子、薄荷、桑叶、山栀子、茶叶、昆布、野菊花、白花蛇舌草、车前子、车前草、小麦、青葙子、菊花、蒲公英、大青叶、半枝莲、金钱草、郁金、地榆及藏红花组成的组中的至少一种生药;
成分(3):选自由莪术、鸡血藤、姜黄、三棱、丝瓜络、红花、刘寄奴、仙鹤草、棕榈、降香、血竭、水蛭、三七、景天三七、花蕊石及藕节组成的组中的至少一种生药。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中,成分(2)为选自由女贞子、牡蛎、旱莲草、桑椹及决明子组成的组中的至少一种生药。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其用于预防、改善或缓解月经伴随症状。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的组合物,其中,月经伴随症状为选自由痛经、下腹部痛、乳房胀或痛、经血量异常、白带异常、贫血症状、异于往常的食欲增进、消化不良症状、畏寒症、浮肿、头痛、便秘、腹泻、腹胀感和阴部及其周边部症状组成的组中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的组合物,其为食品组合物或药物组合物。
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