CN1161584C - 闭合开口的挡板塞及该塞的制造方法 - Google Patents

闭合开口的挡板塞及该塞的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1161584C
CN1161584C CNB961072784A CN96107278A CN1161584C CN 1161584 C CN1161584 C CN 1161584C CN B961072784 A CNB961072784 A CN B961072784A CN 96107278 A CN96107278 A CN 96107278A CN 1161584 C CN1161584 C CN 1161584C
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J����M��Ƥ����
J·－M·皮罗特
J·-P·利昂
P·韦戈劳
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种堵塞挡板塞以及制造该挡板塞的方法，用于堵塞任何开口(2)的挡板塞，它包括设在所述挡板塞上的热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)，该挡板塞的特征在于热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)包括：(a)一种粘合剂混合物，(b)一种交联剂，(c)一种在温度接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时可分解的膨胀剂，(d)起作用的添加剂，本发明应用于堵塞例如要进入干燥箱用来上色的板的开口。

Description

闭合开口的挡板塞及该塞的制造方法
技术领域
本发明总体涉及一种闭合任何开口的挡板塞。
本发明也涉及这种塞的一种制造方法。
背景技术
已经提出有用于堵塞任何部件例如金属板上的开口的挡板塞。
这些挡板塞包括热熔粘合剂的凸缘或线，这样一旦挡板塞定位于开口上并且当带有这种挡板塞的板处在粘合剂的凸缘或线熔化温度之上的一定温度时，就将产生通过位于后者之上的挡板塞的粘合性地粘接而使开口闭塞。
然而在挡板表现出不平度的缺点、例如由于这样形成的堵塞并不是流体密封的时候，这种方法是不合适的。
发明内容
本发明的目的尤其在于克服这个缺陷，这是通过使用挡板塞来达到密封的目的，该挡板塞在任何情况下都能形成很好的流体密封，并且不用考虑挡板塞的形状或带有这种挡板塞的部件的形状。
为了实现该目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于堵塞一块板上的任何开口的挡板塞，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸的表面、一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置、和设置在所述钩装置或所述表面上的热熔性粘合剂的凸缘，该热熔性粘合剂的凸缘包括：(a)一种粘合剂混合物，(b)一种交联剂，(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，(d)起作用的添加剂。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述膨胀剂在包括偶氮二异丁腈，偶氮二酰胺，肼和肼的衍生物的一组中选择。
至于粘合剂混合物则是从一组包括乙烯/丙烯酸酯/顺丁烯二酐的三聚物，乙烯/丙烯酸酯顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物和它们的混合物中选择。
在此，交联剂是过氧化物。
根据本发明的挡板塞的特征，粘合剂混合物包括重量在相对于三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的5％和40％之间的丙烯酸酯，重量在相对于三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的0.3％和5％之间的顺丁烯二酐，其余的是乙烯。
最好选择熔解系数在2-400克/10分钟之间的三聚物或顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物。
根据本发明的优选实施例，膨胀剂为偶氮二酰胺。
尤其是膨胀剂重量在热熔粘合剂的凸缘的总重量的0.1％和30％之间。
优选膨胀剂的重量在热熔粘合剂的总重量的1.5％到5％之间。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，挡板塞完全由上文限定的构成粘合剂凸缘的热熔粘合剂的组合物构成。
根据本发明的还一方面，提供了一种用于堵塞一块板上的任何开口的挡板塞，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸的表面、一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置、和设置在所述钩装置和所述表面上的热熔性粘合剂的凸缘，该热熔性粘合剂的凸缘包括：(a)一种粘合剂混合物，(b)一种交联剂，(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，(d)起作用的添加剂。
根据本发明的又一方面，提供了一种制造挡板塞的方法，该方法通过二次连续喷注在相同的模具中模制挡板塞，然后以比引起膨胀剂膨胀的温度低的温度下喷注模制粘合剂凸缘。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种用于堵塞一块板上的任何开口的挡板塞，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸的表面和一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置，并且它由热熔性粘合剂构成，该热熔性粘合剂包括：(a)一种粘合剂混合物，(b)一种交联剂，(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，(d)起作用的添加剂。
当然根据本发明的堵塞挡板塞当然也可以在不超出本发明的构思前提下不采用二次喷注来制造。
附图说明
可以更好地理解本发明以及通过对一个实施例的附图的描述和图示出本发明的优选实施例来更好地展现进一步的目的，特征，细节和其优点，其中：
图1是根据本发明在挡板塞在能接纳它的部件之上安装之前挡板塞断面的立面图；
图2类似于上图但表示的是挡板塞安装就位于部件之上并且在与挡板塞相连的粘合剂的凸缘熔化和膨胀之后。
图3类似于图1但表示的是粘合剂的凸缘位于挡板塞上的另一构造；以及
图4是图3的挡板塞例如在一个板的开口处固定就位并且在粘合剂凸缘熔化和膨胀之后的断面的立面图。
具体实施方式
根据图1和图2所示的典型实施例，根据本发明原理的挡板塞基本包括一个例如圆表面1，其尺寸大于成形在一个例如能接纳挡板塞的板3的部件上的开口2的尺寸。挡板塞进一步包括一个把挡板塞钩进开口2的钩装置4，根据所示的实施例，该钩装置包括一个把挡板塞钩在开口2的边2a上的挂耳5。
表面1的底面或边1a成形有其中容纳热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的环形槽。
根据本发明，粘合剂凸缘包括：
(a)一种粘合剂混合物，
(b)一种交联剂，
(c)一种膨胀剂，以及
(d)起作用的添加剂。
膨胀剂是一种当温度接近或低于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解的膨胀剂，粘合剂凸缘的膨胀或发生在粘合剂混合物(a)发生交联的同时或在之后。
根据本发明，最好膨胀剂在温度接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时分解，由此其优点在于在同一种温度下允许粘合剂混合物在基底上粘附，由交联防止溢流和蠕变，并且通过因粘合剂膨胀而导致开口的堵塞来提供流体密封。
这样根据本发明，通过膨胀剂的热分解，粘性树脂形成无须任何添加的粘合剂就能粘附于支撑体上的泡沫。
在本发明的范围内，膨胀剂由包括偶氮二异丁腈，偶氮二酰胺，肼和肼的衍生物的一组中选择，优选的膨胀剂是偶氮二酰胺。
偶氮二酰胺的优点是和分解附属物或辅助物如氧化锌一起使用。
膨胀剂含量根据泡沫的密度选择，该泡沫是在膨胀剂分解后相对于粘合剂混合物得到的。
通常膨胀剂的数量应当是热熔性粘合剂凸缘7总重量的0.1％到30％。
本发明的最佳结果是膨胀剂百分比在热熔性粘合剂凸缘7总重量的1.5％到5％之间。
至于根据本发明的粘合剂混合物，它是由包括乙烯/丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酐的三聚物和乙烯/丙烯酸酯的顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物和它们的混合物中选择。
顺丁烯二酐把粘附性赋予粘合剂混合物。
三聚物或与顺丁烯二酐接枝的共聚物的顺丁烯二酐的含量应该在粘合剂混合物的总重量的0.3％和5％之间变化。
若顺丁烯二酐的重量低于0.3％，则不再有足够的粘附度。
相反，若顺丁烯二酐的重量高于5％，则会严重降低防潮性。
三聚物或顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物的丙烯酸酯共聚单体含量构成本发明的粘合剂混合物，该含量在粘合剂混合物总重量的5％和40％之间。
本发明丙烯酸酯、三聚物或接枝共聚物的重量低于5％，则具有聚乙烯的特性，丙烯酸酯介入的优点并未发挥出来。
本发明的丙烯酸酯，三聚物或接枝共聚物的重量高于40％则易变形。
在上述两种情形下，乙烯的组合物和丙烯酸酯的组合物的积极作用未发挥出来。
许多丙烯酸酯都可以用来实现本发明，但最好选择甲基丙烯酸酯，乙基丙烯酸酯，n-丁基丙烯酸酯，异丁基丙烯酸酯和2-乙基已基，丙烯酸酯。
在后者中，n-丁基丙烯酸酯已证明尤其适用。
粘合剂混合物的剩余组分当然由乙烯组成。
本发明的乙烯三聚物或顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物表现出可以得到易流动的泡沫和可塑性可挤压成形的流体混合物的塑性和流动性。
根据本发明，形成粘合剂混合物(a)的乙烯三聚物或顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物的熔化系数在2克/10分钟到400克/10分钟之间的范围内。
确实需要充分提高交联速度以获得热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的最佳温度状态，该温度状态伴随有在乙烯三聚物或顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物的熔化系数高于400时塑性的丧失和并不十分均匀的泡沫的形成。
此外，当粘合剂混合物(a)的熔化系数低于2时，可以发生自行变热和在过高情况下发生膨胀剂的分解。
上文所述的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的成分使得凸缘的模制过程处在足够低的温度以避免膨胀的发生，偶氮二酰胺的分解以及由此导致在温度处于120℃和200℃之间时膨胀。
需要指出的是顺丁烯二酐可以由具有环氧树脂功能物(epoxyfunction)代替。
还应当指出的是丙烯酸酯也能由乙烯乙酸脂代替。
也可能将抗紫外线如苯基水扬酸盐和/或耐火剂、如水化氧化铝和四溴苯加入到热熔性粘合剂凸缘7中。
实施例中典型性的，本发明的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7包括硬脂酸作为混合和喷注辅料。
现在参见图2，可以看到热熔性粘合剂凸缘7在加热至足够的温度之后在8处发生可见的膨胀，以使最好与图所示的相似的膨胀用来封闭地填满挡板塞的表面1和板3之间的所有缝和空隙，这个足够的温度可以例如是板3经过干燥箱用于上色的温度。
在这方面应当提出的是如果偶氮二酰胺用作热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的熔化或膨胀剂，粘合剂凸缘的膨胀在温度介于120℃和200℃之间实现，优选的是膨胀应当在温度介于120℃和160℃之间实现，这个温度足以引起粘合剂混合物的衍生交联。
刚才描述的堵塞挡板塞例如可以从下述方式通过注模法制得，它应当通过材料的二次喷注即尤其是通过在挡板塞适用的模具中喷注模制而成，然后通过在表面1的下侧或底面1a上且在槽6之内在一定温度下模制粘合剂凸缘，该温度应当低于能引起掺进热熔性粘合剂凸缘7中的膨胀剂的膨胀温度，也就是说，在上述粘合剂混合物(a)的组成的情况下，该温度介于80℃和140℃之间，优选介于80℃和120℃之间。
形成粘合剂混合物(a)的上述的三聚物以及上述的顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物的熔化温度实际上为大约70℃-90℃。
当膨胀剂在低于粘合剂混合物的交联温度被使用的情况下，应当完成第一步通过膨胀剂的分解而膨胀和第二步达到粘合剂混合物(a)的较高温度的交联作用。
由上文所述的以及参见附图2可以理解，由于根据本发明的设计，不需采用会导致装配组件的外表不美观的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7，就能在挡板塞和开口之间得到完全的流体密封。
参见图3和图4所示的实施例，其中相同的部件用相同的标号。这里接纳含有膨胀剂的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的槽6形成在包括钩端部16的环形部件15上。
同样如图4所示、由于掺有膨胀剂，因而热熔性粘合剂凸缘7膨胀，该膨胀在环形钩部件15和开口2的边缘2a之间进行同样也发生在板3和表面5的不含有粘合剂凸缘的下边缘1a之间。
如此，图3和图4尽管未表示出来，仍可在堵塞挡板塞的表面1上方或与表面1相连地设置粘合剂凸缘。
现在将描述根据本发明的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的结合处的化学成分，这些例子仅通过图示表示但并不能被看作限定了本发明。
在这些例子中除特别情况所有百分比以重量计。
例1
本发明的热熔粘合剂的连接处的成分如下，
乙烯的三聚物/20％丙烯酸乙酯/3％顺丁烯二酐    重量计50％
乙烯的三聚物/20％丙烯酸乙酯/3％顺丁烯二酐    重量计41.9％
双(2-叔丁基过氧异丙烯)苯                     重量计3.6％
偶氮二酰胺                                   重量计2％
氧化锌                                       重量计2％
硬脂酸                                       重量计0.5％
第一种三聚物熔化系数为20克/10分钟，熔点为80℃。
第二种三聚物熔化系数为70克/10分钟，熔点为76℃。
它们的组合使得可以兼顾达到粘合剂成分的良好的交联/塑性和喷注的流动性。
实现了粘合剂结合处的膨胀和同时发生的交联，得到密度大约为0.5的泡沫。
这样成分的流动性适用于在本发明中通过上述的二次喷注制造填塞体。
例2
该例子中使用的成分如下：
乙烯三聚物/20％丙烯酸乙酯/3％顺丁烯二酐    重量计50％
乙烯三聚物/20％丙烯酸乙酯/3％顺丁烯二酐    重量计40.4％
双(2-叔丁基过氧异丙烯)苯                   重量计3.6％
偶氮二酰胺                                 重量计3.5％
氧化锌                                     重量计2％
硬脂酸                                     重量计0.5％
与第一个例1相同，第一种三聚物的熔化系数为20克/10分钟，熔点为80℃，第二种三聚物的熔化系数为70克/10分钟，熔点为76℃。该成分具有适于通过上述的二次喷注制造根据本发明的挡板塞的流动性。
膨胀以一种伴随发生有这种成分的粘合剂混合物的交联的方式实现。
这种膨胀一交联之后得到的泡沫密度为约0.20。
上述两种例子中，根据本发明提供一种堵塞挡板塞，该挡板塞适用任何情况并且不管板3和堵塞挡板塞的不平度缺点，由于使用包含有粘合剂混合物和掺有膨胀剂的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7的结合处而形成挡板塞和所述板之间的完全的流体密封。
在不超出本发明的范围内，在挡板塞上在不同于图示区域的位置设置掺有膨胀剂的粘合剂凸缘，这取决于用于挡板塞的特殊钩装置。同样地用在热熔性粘合剂凸缘7结合处的上述的成分可以用来制造堵塞挡板塞本身。
本发明的挡板塞可以包括如下成分：
(a)一种粘合剂混合物，
(b)一种交联剂，
(c)一种膨胀剂，它在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时分解，
(d)起作用的添加剂。
当然如前所述，膨胀剂最好从包括偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二酰胺，肼和肼的衍生物的一组中选择。
至于粘合剂混合物，也是在这种情况下从一组包括乙烯/丙烯酸酯/顺丁烯二酐的三聚物，乙烯/丙烯酸酯的顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物和它们的混合物中选择。
在这个本发明的替换实施例中，优选的交联剂是过氧化物。
就前述的热熔性粘合剂凸缘7来说，包含在挡板塞的成分中的粘合剂混合物包含重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物的重量的5％和40％之间的丙烯酸酯，重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的0.3％和5％之间的顺丁烯二酐，其余的是乙烯最好包含重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的5％和40％之间的丙烯酸酯，重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的0.3％和5％之间的顺丁烯二酐，其余的是乙烯。
这里的膨胀剂最好选用偶氮二酰胺，并且重量是挡板塞成分总重量的0.1％到30％之间，更为优选的膨胀剂占挡板塞总重量的1.5％和5％之间。本发明的这些措施完全不局限于所述的实施例和仅由例子给出的图示。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于堵塞一块板(3)上的任何开口(2)的挡板塞，其特征在于，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口(2)的尺寸的表面(1)、一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置(4)、和设置在所述钩装置(4)或所述表面(1)上的热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)，该热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)包括：
(a)一种粘合剂混合物，
(b)一种交联剂，
(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，
(d)起作用的添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，所述膨胀剂是从一组包括有偶氮二异丁腈，偶氮二酰胺，肼和肼的衍生物中选择的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，粘合剂混合物是从一组包括有乙烯/丙烯酸酯/顺丁烯二酐的三聚物，乙烯/丙烯酸酯的顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物和它们的混合物中选择的。
4.根据权利要求3所述的挡板塞、其特征在于，交联剂是过氧化物。
5.根据权利要求3所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，粘合剂混合物包含重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物的总重量的5％到40％之间的丙烯酸酯，重量是三聚物或接枝共聚物总重量的0.3％到5％之间的顺丁烯二酐，其余的是乙烯。
6.根据权利要3所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，三聚物具有在2-400克/10分钟之间的熔化系数。
7.根据权利要求3所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，顺丁烯二酐接枝共聚物具有在2-400克/10分钟之间的熔化系数。
8.根据权利要求2所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，膨胀剂是偶氮二酰胺。
9.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，膨胀剂占热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)的总重量的0.1％到30％之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，膨胀剂占热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)的总重量的1.5％到5％之间。
11.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，一个环形槽设置在所述表面(1)的面向所述板之上边缘的下表面上，所述热熔粘合剂凸缘被装入所述环形槽中，使得所述挡板塞在所述板中精确且密封地定位，从而堵塞所述开口。
12.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，所述钩装置(4)是将所述挡板塞钩入所述开口(2)中的至少一个挂耳(5)。
13.根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，所述钩装置(4)由一个包括一个钩端部的环形部件构成。
14.根据权利要求13所述的挡板塞，其特征在于，一个环形槽形成在所述环形部件的面向所述板(1)之开口边缘(2a)的一个表面上，所述热熔粘合剂凸缘被装入所述环形槽中，使得所述挡板塞在所述板中精确且密封地定位，从而堵塞所述开口。
15.一种用于堵塞一块板(3)上的任何开口(2)的挡板塞，其特征在于，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口(2)的尺寸的表面(1)、一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置(4)、和设置在所述钩装置(4)和所述表面(1)上的热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)，该热熔性粘合剂凸缘(7)包括：
(a)一种粘合剂混合物，
(b)一种交联剂，
(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，
(d)起作用的添加剂。
16.一种制造根据权利要求1所述的挡板塞的方法，其特征在于该方法通过二次连续喷注在相同的模具中模制挡板塞，然后以比引起膨胀剂膨胀的温度低的温度下喷注模制粘合剂凸缘(7)。
17.一种用于堵塞一块板(3)上的任何开口(2)的挡板塞，其特征在于，它包括一个其尺寸大于所述开口(2)的尺寸的表面(1)和一个钩入所述开口中的钩装置(4)，并且它由热熔性粘合剂构成，该热熔性粘合剂包括：
(a)一种粘合剂混合物，
(b)一种交联剂，
(c)一种膨胀剂，该膨胀剂在接近于粘合剂混合物(a)的交联温度时发生分解，使得粘合剂的膨胀与粘合剂的交联大致同时进行，
(d)起作用的添加剂。
CNB961072784A 1995-03-21 1996-03-21 闭合开口的挡板塞及该塞的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1161584C (zh)

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FR9503284A FR2731984B1 (fr) 1995-03-21 1995-03-21 Bouchon d'obturation d'une ouverture quelconque et procede de fabrication de ce bouchon
FR9503284 1995-03-21

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DE69600896D1 (de) 1998-12-10
DE69600896T2 (de) 1999-06-02
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FR2731984A1 (fr) 1996-09-27
FR2731984B1 (fr) 1997-04-30
CN1177727A (zh) 1998-04-01
EP0733558B1 (fr) 1998-11-04
EP0733558A1 (fr) 1996-09-25
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ES2126364T3 (es) 1999-03-16
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