CN115024118A - Method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid Download PDFInfo
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- CN115024118A CN115024118A CN202210814597.8A CN202210814597A CN115024118A CN 115024118 A CN115024118 A CN 115024118A CN 202210814597 A CN202210814597 A CN 202210814597A CN 115024118 A CN115024118 A CN 115024118A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid, which relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of seedling diseases, wherein when the hybrid orchid is in a seedling stage, the tissue culture seedling which is transplanted for the first time is treated by matching 1000 times of thiophanate liquid with A1 liquid and B1 liquid, so that the hybrid orchid in the seedling stage can be well prevented; after the hybrid orchid is infected with the stem rot in the seedling stage, the A4 liquid, the B4 liquid and the first water-soluble fertilizer are matched for use to induce the germination of new independent buds, so that the hybrid orchid in the seedling stage is treated; when the hybrid blue reaches the growth period, the whole growth period of the hybrid blue is prevented by periodically using A2 liquid and B2 liquid; when the hybrid orchid shows the signs of stem rot in the growth period, the hybrid orchid in the growth period is treated by matching the A5 liquid, the B5 liquid and the second water-soluble fertilizer with spraying; and in the flowering phase of the hybrid orchid, the prevention of stem rot of the hybrid orchid in the flowering phase is realized by combining the matched spraying of the first water-soluble fertilizer, the A3 liquid and the B3 liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of seedling diseases, in particular to a method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid.
Background
The stem rot is the first disease affecting the production of the hybrid orchid and is one of the headaches of growers, and once the stem rot is infected in the planting process of the hybrid orchid, the whole orchid garden is destroyed in a short time; the stem rot disease in the seedling stage often occurs in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment with a poor ventilation environment, particularly, a bottle seedling which is just transplanted is very low in transplanting survival rate because the stem rot disease is very easy to infect before a new root grows out due to poor disease resistance, but the infected stem rot disease in the seedling stage is very difficult to treat basically, but for some very precious variety resources, the rescue of diseased seedlings is very important; secondly, the hybrid orchid is generally planted in an open-air shade shed, and in summer with high temperature and high humidity, the hybrid orchid grows faster and is easy to infect stem rot; thirdly, the hybrid orchid has a long flowering period, generally about 50 days, flowers are fragrant, so that the postanthesis seedling bodies are weak and stem rot is easily infected due to more energy consumption during the flowering period, and the applicant aims to prevent and treat the stem rot of the hybrid orchid in the seedling period and the growth period and prevent the stem rot of the hybrid orchid in the flowering period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize the prevention and treatment of stem rot of hybrid orchid in seedling stage and growth stage, and the prevention of stem rot of hybrid orchid in flowering stage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid comprises the following steps:
firstly, soaking hybrid orchid in 1000 times of thiophanate solution for 10 minutes before transplanting tissue culture seedlings in a seedling stage, fishing out, naturally drying, wrapping and planting the hybrid orchid with water moss treated by A1 solution, spraying A1 solution and B1 solution on the 7 th day after planting, and stopping spraying A1 solution and B1 solution after two continuous periods, so that the tissue culture seedlings which are transplanted for the first time can be well prevented;
step two, closely keeping track of the growth condition of hybrid orchid plants after stem rot infection of hybrid orchids in the seedling stage, immediately spraying A4 liquid and B4 liquid when the growth condition of individual orchids with stem rot is found, spraying for 5 times continuously every 3 days, and combining with a first water-soluble fertilizer for use in the period to induce the germination of new independent buds;
step three, cleaning patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves of a orchids regularly when the hybrid orchids reach the growth period, drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 5 months and 1 day of the growth period, and drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 15 days for three times; spraying the liquid B2 once a month, stopping spraying the liquid B2 in 10 months, and preventing stem rot in the whole growth period of the hybrid orchid;
step four, when the hybrid orchid shows that partial hybrid orchid seedling plants show stem rot in the growing period, firstly removing the diseased seedling plants, sprinkling the A5 liquid and the B5 liquid in the full hybrid orchid garden, sprinkling once every 15 days, continuously sprinkling for 3 times, and combining a second water-soluble fertilizer with sprinkling application in the period to treat the hybrid orchid in the growing period;
and step five, spraying the hybrid orchid in the flowering period by combining the first water-soluble fertilizer, the A3 solution and the B3 solution every 10 days, throughout the whole flowering period, improving the quality of flowers, improving the restoration and resistance of seedlings of flowering plants, and avoiding the infection of the stalk rot after flowers.
Further, in the first step, the 1000-fold thiophanate solution comprises 1 part of 70% thiophanate methyl stock solution and 1000 parts of water in parts by mass.
Further, in the first step, the a1 solution is: 1 g of naphthylacetic acid and 1 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B1 liquid is: 5 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding to 1000 ml of water by constant volume.
Further, in the second step, the solution a4 is: 4 g of naphthylacetic acid and 4 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B4 liquid is: 2 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
Further, in the second step, the first water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 20 parts of nitrogen, 20 parts of phosphorus and 20 parts of potassium.
Further, in the third step, the solution A2 is: dissolving 2 g of naphthylacetic acid and 2 g of indolebutyric acid in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B2 liquid is: 4 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
Further, in the fourth step, the solution a5 is: 5 g of naphthylacetic acid and 5 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B5 liquid is: 1 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
Further, in the fourth step, the second water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 9 parts of nitrogen, 45 parts of phosphorus and 10 parts of potassium.
Further, in the fifth step, the a3 solution is: 3 g of naphthylacetic acid and 3 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B3 liquid is: 3 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the hybrid orchid is in the seedling stage, the primarily transplanted tissue culture seedling is treated by matching 1000 times of thiophanate liquid with the A1 liquid and the B1 liquid, so that the hybrid orchid in the seedling stage can be well prevented; after the hybrid orchid is infected with the stem rot in the seedling stage, the A4 liquid, the B4 liquid and the first water-soluble fertilizer are matched for use to induce the germination of new independent buds, so that the hybrid orchid in the seedling stage is treated; when the hybrid blue reaches the growth period, the whole growth period of the hybrid blue is prevented through the periodic use of A2 liquid and B2 liquid; when the stem rot of the hybrid orchid appears in the growth period, the hybrid orchid is treated by matching the A5 liquid, the B5 liquid and the second water-soluble fertilizer with spraying; in the flowering phase of the hybrid orchid, the prevention of stem rot of the hybrid orchid in the flowering phase is realized by combining the matched spraying of the first water-soluble fertilizer, the A3 liquid and the B3 liquid; in conclusion, the invention respectively realizes the prevention and treatment of stem rot of hybrid orchid in seedling stage and growth stage, and the prevention of stem rot of hybrid orchid in flowering stage.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
A method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid comprises the following steps:
firstly, stem rot of a seedling stage often occurs in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment with poor ventilation environment, particularly a bottle seedling just after transplantation is out, the stem rot is easily infected due to poor disease resistance before a new root grows out, so that the transplanting survival rate is low, before tissue culture seedling of the seedling stage is transplanted, a hybrid orchid is soaked in 1000 times of thiophanate for 10 minutes, the hybrid orchid is fished out, naturally dried, wrapped and planted by water moss processed by A1 liquid, after field planting, the A1 liquid and the B1 liquid are drenched on the 7 th day, after two continuous periods, the A1 liquid and the B1 liquid are stopped to drench, and the tissue culture seedling which is transplanted for the first time is well prevented.
The 1000-time thiophanate solution comprises 1 part of 70% thiophanate methyl stock solution and 1000 parts of water in parts by mass. The thiophanate-ethyl is also called as soil cloth powder, is a high-efficiency, low-toxicity and broad-spectrum substituted benzene bactericide, has a systemic bactericidal effect and has protective and therapeutic effects; can be used for preventing and treating powdery mildew, sclerotinia, gray mold, anthracnose, etc. of various crops.
The A1 liquid is: 1 g of naphthylacetic acid and 1 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B1 liquid is: 5 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding to 1000 ml of water by constant volume.
The naphthylacetic acid is a spectral plant growth regulator, can promote cell division and expansion, can enter plants through the tender epidermis and seeds of leaves and branches, and is guided to the whole plant along with nutrient flow; the indolebutyric acid is an organic matter, the pure product is a white crystalline solid, and the original drug is white to light yellow crystals; dissolving in organic solvent such as acetone, diethyl ether and ethanol, and dissolving in water; the rooting agent is mainly used for rooting of cuttings, can induce the formation of root protomer, promotes cell differentiation and division, is beneficial to the generation of new roots and the differentiation of vascular bundle systems, and promotes the formation of adventitious roots of the cuttings; the method is widely applied to cuttage and rooting of trees and flowers.
6-benzylaminoadenine is a plant growth regulator, which is the first artificially synthesized cytokinin; has effects in inhibiting decomposition of chlorophyll, nucleic acid and protein in plant leaf, keeping green, and preventing aging; the amino acid, the auxin, the inorganic salt and the like are transported to the treatment part, and the like, and are widely used in various stages from germination to harvest of agricultural, fruit trees and horticultural crops.
Step two, for many hybrid orchid plantations, the infected stem rot in the seedling stage is basically difficult to treat, but for some very precious variety resources, the rescue of diseased seedlings is particularly important, in the method, the infected plants are treated in the early stage of infection, so that the new independent buds are induced to germinate, and the method comprises the following steps: after stem rot is infected to hybrid orchids in the seedling stage, closely paying attention to the growth conditions of hybrid orchids, finding that individual seedlings have stem rot heads, immediately spraying the A4 solution and the B4 solution, spraying once every 3 days, continuously spraying for 5 times, and combining with a first water-soluble fertilizer for use in the period to induce new independent buds to germinate.
Wherein, the A4 liquid is: 4 g of naphthylacetic acid and 4 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B4 liquid is: 2 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
The first water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 20 parts of nitrogen, 20 parts of phosphorus and 20 parts of potassium.
Step three, because the hybrid orchid is planted in an open-air shade shed generally, in summer with high temperature and high humidity, the hybrid orchid grows faster and is easy to infect stem rot, and when the stem rot is serious, the whole orchid garden is destroyed in a short time, the hybrid orchid needs to start to prevent when the external temperature rises for 5 months, and the treatment mode is as follows: when the hybrid orchid reaches the growth period, periodically cleaning patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves in the orchards, and drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 5 months and 1 day of the growth period, and drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 15 days for three times; and then, the liquid B2 is drenched once a month, and the liquid B2 is stopped drenching by 10 months, so that the stem rot is prevented in the whole growth period of the hybrid orchid.
Wherein, the A2 liquid is: 2 g of naphthylacetic acid and 2 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B2 liquid is: 4 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
Step four, the hybrid orchid is susceptible to stem rot in autumn and winter, diseases are spread in a short time, and sick seedlings are easily found in a large-scale production orchid field for planting the hybrid orchid, but the best treatment time is missed due to improper treatment measures, so that destructive loss is caused; when the growth period of the hybrid orchid shows that partial hybrid orchid seedling plants show stem rot, the diseased seedling plants are removed firstly, the full hybrid orchid garden is drenched with the A5 solution and the B5 solution, the full hybrid orchid garden is drenched once every 15 days and is drenched for 3 times continuously, and the second water-soluble fertilizer is combined with the drenching application during the period to treat the hybrid orchid during the growth period.
Wherein, the A5 liquid is: 5 g of naphthylacetic acid and 5 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B5 liquid is: 1 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
The second water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 9 parts of nitrogen, 45 parts of phosphorus and 10 parts of potassium.
And step five, the flowering period of the hybrid orchid is longer, generally can reach about 50 days, the flowers are large and fragrant, so that more energy is consumed during the flowering period, the seedlings after the flowers are weak, and stem rot is easily infected, the hybrid orchid is sprayed every 10 days in the flowering period by combining the first water-soluble fertilizer and the A3 liquid and adding the B3 liquid, the whole flowering period is penetrated, the quality of the flowers and the restoration and resistance of the seedlings of the flowering plants are improved, and the infection of the stem rot after the flowers is avoided.
Wherein, the A3 liquid is: 3 g of naphthylacetic acid and 3 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B3 liquid is: 3 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
Therefore, the equivalent changes made on the claims of the present invention still belong to the scope covered by the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by the above claims, and any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made on the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, soaking hybrid orchid in 1000 times of thiophanate solution for 10 minutes before transplanting tissue culture seedlings in a seedling stage, fishing out, naturally drying, wrapping and planting the hybrid orchid with water moss treated by A1 solution, spraying A1 solution and B1 solution on the 7 th day after planting, and stopping spraying A1 solution and B1 solution after two continuous periods, so that the tissue culture seedlings which are transplanted for the first time can be well prevented;
step two, closely keeping track of the growth condition of hybrid orchid plants after stem rot infection of hybrid orchids in the seedling stage, immediately spraying A4 liquid and B4 liquid when the growth condition of individual orchids with stem rot is found, spraying for 5 times continuously every 3 days, and combining with a first water-soluble fertilizer for use in the period to induce the germination of new independent buds;
step three, cleaning patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves of the orchards periodically when the hybrid orchards reach the growth period, drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 5 months and 1 day of the growth period, and drenching the A2 liquid and the B2 liquid once every 15 days for three times; spraying the liquid B2 once a month, stopping spraying the liquid B2 in 10 months, and preventing stem rot in the whole growth period of the hybrid orchid;
step four, when the hybrid orchid shows the signs of stem rot of partial hybrid orchid seedling plants in the growing period, firstly removing the diseased seedling plants, spraying the A5 liquid and the B5 liquid in the full hybrid orchid garden once every 15 days, continuously spraying for 3 times, and combining a second water-soluble fertilizer with spraying in the period to treat the hybrid orchid in the growing period;
and step five, combining the first water-soluble fertilizer, the A3 solution and the B3 solution for spraying in the flowering phase of the hybrid orchid every 10 days, throughout the whole flowering phase, improving the quality of flowers, improving the restoration of flowering plant seedlings and the resistance, and avoiding the infection of the stem rot after flowers.
2. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the 1000-time thiophanate solution comprises 1 part of 70% thiophanate methyl stock solution and 1000 parts of water in parts by mass.
3. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the A1 solution is: 1 g of naphthylacetic acid and 1 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B1 liquid is: 5 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is dissolved by 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and then the solution is added into 1000 ml of water to prepare the product.
4. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in the second step, the A4 solution is: 4 g of naphthylacetic acid and 4 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B4 liquid is: 2 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
5. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the first water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 20 parts of nitrogen, 20 parts of phosphorus and 20 parts of potassium.
6. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the A2 liquid is: dissolving 2 g of naphthylacetic acid and 2 g of indolebutyric acid in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B2 liquid is: 4 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
7. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the A5 liquid is: 5 g of naphthylacetic acid and 5 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B5 liquid is: 1 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
8. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the second water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by mass, 9 parts of nitrogen, 45 parts of phosphorus and 10 parts of potassium.
9. The method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the A3 liquid is: 3 g of naphthylacetic acid and 3 g of indolebutyric acid are dissolved in 1000 ml of water to prepare the compound; the B3 liquid is: 3 g of 6-benzylamino adenine is prepared by dissolving in 0.1 percent sodium hydroxide solution and adding the solution to 1000 ml of water.
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2022
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1273776A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-11-22 | 魏宏儒 | Chemical for preventing and treating vascular bundle diseases of plant |
| JP2000333677A (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-12-05 | Kagome Co Ltd | Control of wilt of plant |
| CN103651007A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-26 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Orchid stalk rot prevention method |
| CN103719153A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 广西大学 | Method for controlling banana wilt |
| CN105669313A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Rooting-promoting, disease-resistant and plant-strengthening agent for cotton and water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated application method |
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