CN106105741A - A kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation - Google Patents
A kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105741A CN106105741A CN201610601606.XA CN201610601606A CN106105741A CN 106105741 A CN106105741 A CN 106105741A CN 201610601606 A CN201610601606 A CN 201610601606A CN 106105741 A CN106105741 A CN 106105741A
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- plantation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation, belongs to fancy horticulture class pest and disease damage Control Technology field.The present invention is directed to state's orchid facility plantation growth course, build a set of " six-character formula " (clearly, select, adjust, execute, change and control) simplification pest controlling pattern, operation is simple, specification, safe efficient, can be while effective generation controlling disease pest in state's orchid facility planting process and causing harm, substantially reduce chemical fertilizer, Pesticide use, realize chemical fertilizer, subtracting of pesticide executes potentiation, also allow peasant more saving of labor, laborsaving, save time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation, belong to fancy horticulture class pest and disease damage and prevent
Control technical field.
Background technology
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is precious ornamental plant, is listed in first of China's ten big famous flowers.Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is broadly divided into ground by ecological habit
Raw orchid, aerial orchid, saprophytic blue three major types.Wherein Terrestrial orchid major part kind originates in China, and therefore Terrestrial orchid is also known as China blue, letter
Claim state blue, it is common that to refer to CymbidiumCymbidiumNon-hibernating eggs partially in plant.State orchid be mainly Herba Cymbidii Goeringii, orchid, sword-leaved cymbidium,
Cymbidium Kanran Mak., the big class of Chinese cymbidium five.According to incompletely statistics, the current whole world has more than 700 to belong to, more than 20,000 kinds, the most also finds and trains
Raise many new varieties.
At present, state orchid cultivation major part is with facility plantation for Main Cultivation mode.But due to growing environment condition change and
The production model of booth densification, disease pest harm increases the weight of day by day, and state's orchid facility is planted into significant threat.At present, Fujian state is blue
Major Diseases has anthrax, brown spot, stem rot etc., and Major Pests has thrips, red spider and coccid etc., and these pest and disease damages are
Seriously hindering the development of state's orchid facility plantation industry, enterprise and peasant household are the most urgent to the demand of the prevention and controls of these pest and disease damages
Cut.
For this problem, have scholar at present and propose some feasible cultivations and Control Technology scheme, such as Liu Xiao
Rivers etc. (2004) report state's orchid integrated pest prevention and control (Crop Diseases in Yunnan science and technology, CN:53-1042/S), village Gui Lan etc. (2011)
Reporting Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. pest and disease damage pests occurrence rule and prevent and treat main points (new rural village: Heilungkiang, CN:23-1552/S), Marvin's brightness reports
The generation of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. common disease and pest and preventing and treating (agricultural knowledge, CN: 37-1005/S), Sun Fei (2007) reports domestic Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw.
The techniques of pest control (rural area practical technique, CN: 53-1171/S), Huo Xuehong etc. (2012) reports the pest and disease damage of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. to be prevented
Controlling (modern horticultural, CN:36-1287/S), Li Ling (2011) reports the cultivation of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control research (Age
Accuse: scholarly edition, CN:41-1413/I), Li Cuilan (2008) report Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. cultivation with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control (Shanxi Forestry, CN:
14-1191/S), the generation development of Wen Jihui (2012) Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. main diseases and insect pests and prevention and controls (Hunan Forestry science and technology, CN:43-
1096/S), pest and disease damage identification and preventing and treating (Anhui forestry, CN:34-1080/S), the Yang Deliang of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. supported by Song Xiaobing (2010) basin
(2006) time in midsummer prevention Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. pest and disease damage (rural area practical technique, CN: 53-1171/S) in the right season, Hu Long (2007) is without public
Evil preventing and treating Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. pest and disease damage (rural area practical technique, CN: 53-1171/S), Zheng Li (2009) non-environmental pollution control Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. pest and disease damage is little
Proved recipe (modern agriculture, CN: 15-1098/Z), Yang Tieshun (2014) orchid stalk rot prevention method (patent No.: ZL
201310659659.3), etc..But these technology, also propose specific prophylactico-therapeutic measures just for a certain concrete disease pest, all lack
Brief integrated to the entirety of main diseases and insect pests general character Control Technology, waste rich water easily occur and repeats dispenser phenomenon, being badly in need of building
Go out a whole set of simplification pest controlling method being applicable to Herba Dendrobii greenhouse gardening, effectively control disease pest in state's orchid facility planting process
Generation and cause harm, substantially reduce chemical fertilizer, Pesticide use, it is achieved chemical fertilizer, subtracting of pesticide execute potentiation, being done step-by-step
Fertilizer and Pesticide use amount zero growth rate.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation, the method can have
While effect controls the generation of disease pest in state orchid facility planting process and causes harm, pole substantially reduces chemical fertilizer, Pesticide use, real
In existing state orchid facility planting process, chemical fertilizer, subtracting of pesticide execute potentiation, also allow peasant more saving of labor, laborsaving, save time.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation, takes " six-character formula " for state's orchid facility plantation growth course
Measure:
(1) clear: clean facilities；Remove before plantation and during plantation that facility plastic greenhouse is peripheral and weeds foreign material in canopy, sick branch and
Its residue；
(2) choosing: select substrate, Lan Miao and basin device；Before plantation, choose the substrate sterilized, the healthy and strong blue Seedling without disease pest and draining
Ventilative good basin device；
(3) adjust: adjust cultivation subenvironment；During plantation, temperature control 15-30 DEG C (available electrical heating warm-air drier, hot line,
The equipment such as negative-pressure air fan and cascade carries out cold-proof cooling and ventilates), relative humidity controls 70-80%, illumination control every day 4-6 little
Time, ventilated according to weather condition；
(4) execute: Shi Shui, fertile and strong Seedling lure；Water based on spraying, be manually auxiliary, grasp " do not do and do not water, water, irrigate "
Principle, firm plant irrigates 1 time determines root water (preferably soaking, i.e. take out once being impregnated with) from the bottom of basin, and the rear 3-5 days autumn in summer waters 1 time, the winter
7-10 days spring watered 1 time；On the basis of conventional fertilizer water management, enrich sweet-and-sour liquid, environmental protection ferment or 5% amino-oligosacchride in conjunction with rich water
Element 500-1000 times of liquid of water preparation 3-5 time, every minor tick 25-30 days；
(5) change: change basin；During plantation, blue strain being changed the basin device of different size as required, it changes principle: one is blue strain
Root mass grows in basin and is restricted, and root system passes from basin hole or exposes soil face；Two is cultivation matrix life-time service physical property
Deteriorating, nutrient consumption is excessive；Meanwhile, disease pest leaf is pruned；
(6) control: disease-control worm；Follow " control early, control little, control " principle；After plantation, put in facility and set Multifunctional static electricity deinsectization
Lamp and yellow, backboard, the suspension density of function electrostatic insect killing lamp is 1-2 platform/400m2, suspension height is 50-60cm above Seedling strain
Place；Yellow, the suspension density of backboard is 2-3 sheet/100m2, between the two every suspension, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 10-15cm,
Every cleaning light fixture the 1-2 month and changing plate 1 time；On every pillar of seedbed surrounding, wrap up the one layer of uniform brushing in outside machine oil simultaneously
Plastic sheeting as insect protected isolation strip, seedbed, mended brush 1 time every 2-3 month, and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields one on the ground that pillar is peripheral
Circle mass concentration be the polyacetals carbaryl granule of 6% as insect protected isolation strip, ground, mended every 10-15 days and spread 1 time；Work as disease
During strain rate >=1%, wheel uses the 300000000 trichoderma harzianum wettable powder 20-25g/100m of CFU/ gram instead2, mass concentration be 5% Jing Gang
Mycin water preparation 15-20g/100m2, mancozeb wettable powder 100-120g/100m more than 40%2It is the benzene of 12% with mass concentration
First flutolanil suspending agent 8-10mL/100m2In 2-3 kind reagent spray 2-3 time, every minor tick 10-15 days, to prevent and treat anthrax
Disease, brown spot and stem rot are main disease；When worm strain rate >=1%, wheel uses the Verticillium lecanii powder of 20,000,000,000 cfu/g instead
70-100g/100m2, mass concentration be 22.4% spiral shell worm ethyl ester suspending agent 3-5ml/100m2It is 5% A Wei pyridine worm with mass concentration
Amidine microemulsion 3-4ml/100m2In 2-3 kind reagent spray 1-3 time, every minor tick 10-15 days, with prevent and treat thrips, red spider and
Scale insect is main insect pest.
The remarkable result of the present invention is:
(1) providing a whole set of simplification pest controlling pattern being applicable to state's orchid facility plantation, operation is simple, specification, safety, height
Effect, can make peasant more saving of labor, laborsaving, save time.
(2) disease pest that can effectively control in state's orchid facility planting process causes harm (pest control effect reaches more than 95%), saves significantly on
Fertilizer amount and minimizing repeat dispenser (reducing chemical fertilizer Pesticide use amount 25-30%), it is achieved increasing is executed in subtracting of chemical fertilizer pesticide
Effect, significant to environmental conservation.
(2) improve peasant the pest controlling in state's orchid facility planting process is realized and level, reduce pest controlling cost 30-45%,
Improving state's orchid commodity qualification rate 15-20%, economical, societal benefits are the most notable.
Detailed description of the invention
Below will by example, the invention will be further described, these descriptions are not to make present invention into one
The restriction of step.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the equivalent that present invention is made, or be correspondingly improved, still belong to
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Following measures is taked for state orchid facility plantation growth course:
(1) before plantation, timing removes that facility plastic greenhouse is peripheral and weeds foreign material in canopy, sick branch and residual in time and during plantation
Stay thing；
(2), before plantation, the substrate sterilized, the healthy and strong basin device breathing freely good without blue Seedling and the draining of disease pest are chosen；
(3) during plantation, temperature controls 25 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 75%, and illumination controls 5 hours, according to weather every day
Situation is ventilated；
(4) during plantation, watering based on spraying, be manually auxiliary, firm plant irrigates 1 time determines root water, and 4 days rear autumns in summer watered 1 time,
Winter-Spring waters 1 time in 9 days；Conventional fertilizer water management, apply fertilizer reasonably combined fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus potassium proportion, quick-acting fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, fertilizer with
Inorganic fertilizer combines and uses；Meanwhile, 800 times of liquid of environmental protection ferment are enriched 5 times in conjunction with rich water, every minor tick 25 days；
(5) during plantation, being restricted when blue strain root mass grows in basin, some root system passes from basin hole or exposes soil face
Or cultivation matrix life-time service physical property deteriorates, when nutrient consumption is excessive, change the basin device of different size in time；Meanwhile, suitable
When pruning disease pest leaf；
(6) after plantation, putting and set Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and yellow, backboard in facility, function electrostatic insect killing lamp and greenhouse electricity remove
The suspension density of mist disease prevention growth-promoting machine is 2/400m2, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 60cm；Suspension yellow, backboard is close
Degree is 3/100m2, between the two every suspension, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 10cm, cleans light fixture every February and changes plate 1
Secondary；Wrap up on every pillar of seedbed surrounding simultaneously the plastic sheeting of the one layer of uniform brushing in outside machine oil as seedbed insect protected every
From band, mended brush 1 time every 2 months, and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, on the ground that pillar is peripheral, the polyacetals first naphthalene that a circle mass concentration is 6%
Prestige granule, as insect protected isolation strip, ground, was mended every 15 days and is spread 1 time；When diseased plant rate >=1%, wheel uses 300,000,000 Kazakhstan of CFU/ gram instead
Thatch trichoderma wettable powder 25g/100m2, mancozeb wettable powder 110g/100m more than 40%2It is the benzene of 12% with mass concentration
First flutolanil suspending agent 8mL/100m2Spraying 3 times, every minor tick 12 days, to prevent and treat anthrax, brown spot and stem rot
Disease；When worm strain rate >=1%, wheel uses the Verticillium lecanii powder 100g/100m of 20,000,000,000 cfu/g instead2With mass concentration it is
22.4% spiral shell worm ethyl ester suspending agent 4ml/100m2Spray 2 times, every minor tick 15 days, preventing and treating thrips, red spider and scale insect be
Main insect pest.
The present embodiment reaches more than 96% to the pest control effect of disease pest in state's orchid facility planting process, reduces chemical fertilizer pesticide
Usage amount 30%, so that pest controlling cost reduces by 35%, improves state's orchid commodity qualification rate 20%, and economy, society, ecological benefits are very
Significantly.
Embodiment 2
Following measures is taked for state orchid facility plantation growth course:
(1) clear: clean facilities；Before plantation in time and during plantation timing remove that facility plastic greenhouse is peripheral and weeds foreign material in canopy,
Sick branch and residue thereof；
(2) choosing: select substrate, Lan Miao and basin device；Before plantation, choose the substrate sterilized, the healthy and strong blue Seedling without disease pest and draining
Ventilative good basin device；
(3) adjust: adjust cultivation subenvironment；During plantation, temperature control 30 DEG C (available electrical heating warm-air drier, hot line, negative pressure
The equipment such as blower fan and cascade carries out cold-proof cooling and ventilates), relative humidity controls 80%, and illumination controls 6 hours, according to sky every day
Gas situation is ventilated；
(4) execute: Shi Shui, fertile and strong Seedling lure；Water based on spraying, be manually auxiliary, grasp " do not do and do not water, water, irrigate "
Principle, firm plant irrigates 1 time determines root water (preferably soaking, i.e. take out once being impregnated with) from the bottom of basin, and the rear 3-5 days autumn in summer waters 1 time, the winter
7-10 days spring watered 1 time；Conventional fertilizer water management, reasonably combined fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus potassium proportion, quick-acting fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, fertilizer are wanted in fertilising
Be combined with inorganic fertilizer and use；Meanwhile, 1000 times of liquid of 5% amino-oligosaccharide water preparation are enriched 4 times in conjunction with rich water, every minor tick 30 days；
(5) change: change basin；During plantation, blue strain being changed the basin device of different size as required, it changes principle: one is blue strain
Root mass grows in basin and is restricted, and root system passes from basin hole or exposes soil face；Two is cultivation matrix life-time service physical property
Deteriorating, nutrient consumption is excessive；Meanwhile, disease pest leaf is suitably pruned；
(6) control: disease-control worm；Follow " control early, control little, control " principle；After plantation, put in facility and set Multifunctional static electricity deinsectization
Lamp and yellow, backboard, the suspension density of function electrostatic insect killing lamp is 1/400m2, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 50cm；
Yellow, the suspension density of backboard is 2/100m2, between the two every suspension, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 15cm, every January
Clean light fixture and change plate 1 time；The plastics simultaneously wrapping up the one layer of uniform brushing in outside machine oil on every pillar of seedbed surrounding are thin
Film, as insect protected isolation strip, seedbed, mends brush 1 time at quarterly intervals, and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields a circle mass concentration on the ground that pillar is peripheral
Be 6% polyacetals carbaryl granule as insect protected isolation strip, ground, mended every 15 days and spread 1 time；When diseased plant rate >=1%, wheel
Use the 300000000 trichoderma harzianum wettable powder 20g/100m of CFU/ gram instead2, mass concentration be 5% jingganmycin water preparation 20g/
100m2, mass concentration be 12% benzene first flutolanil suspending agent 10mL/100m2Reagent spray 2 times, every minor tick 15 days, in case
Controlling anthrax, brown spot and stem rot is main disease；When worm strain rate >=1%, wheel uses the Verticillium lecanii of 20,000,000,000 cfu/g instead
Powder 70g/100m2, mass concentration be 5% A Wei acetamiprid micro emulsion agent 4ml/100m2Reagent spray 3 times, every minor tick 10 days,
Based on preventing and treating thrips, red spider and the insect pest of scale insect.
The present embodiment reaches more than 95% to the pest control effect of disease pest in state's orchid facility planting process, reduces chemical fertilizer pesticide
Usage amount 25%, so that pest controlling cost reduces by 30%, improves state's orchid commodity qualification rate 15-20%, economic, social, ecological benefits ten
Divide notable.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modify, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the simplification pest controlling method for state's orchid facility plantation, it is characterised in that: grew for state's orchid facility plantation
Journey takes " six-character formula " measure, and described method comprises the steps:
(1) clear: clean facilities；Remove before plantation and during plantation that facility plastic greenhouse is peripheral and weeds foreign material in canopy, sick branch and
Its residue；
(2) choosing: select substrate, Lan Miao and basin device；Before plantation, choose the substrate sterilized, the healthy and strong blue Seedling without disease pest and draining
Ventilative good basin device；
(3) adjust: adjust cultivation subenvironment；During plantation, temperature controls 15-30 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 70-80%, and illumination is every
It controls 4-6 hour, and ventilated；
(4) execute: Shi Shui, fertile and strong Seedling lure；Watering based on spraying, be manually auxiliary, firm plant irrigates 1 time and determines root water, summer
3-5 days autumn water 1 time, Winter-Spring within 7-10 days, water 1 time, to irrigate every time；On the basis of conventional fertilizer water management, enrich in conjunction with rich water
5 wt.% amino-oligosaccharide water preparations or 500-1000 times of liquid of environmental protection ferment 3-5 time, every minor tick 25-30 days；
(5) change: change basin；During plantation, blue strain being changed the basin device of different size as required, it changes principle: one is blue strain
Root mass grows in basin and is restricted, and root system passes from basin hole or exposes soil face；Two is cultivation matrix life-time service physical property
Deteriorating, nutrient consumption is excessive；And prune disease pest leaf；
(6) control: disease-control worm；After plantation, put in facility and set Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and yellow, backboard, function electrostatic insect killing lamp
Suspension density be 1-2 platform/400m2, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 50-60cm；Yellow, the suspension density of backboard is 2-
3/100m2, between the two every suspension, suspension height is above Seedling strain at 10-15cm, every cleaning light fixture the 1-2 month and changing plate 1
Secondary；Put, in seedbed surrounding, worm isolation strip of setting up defences simultaneously, on every pillar of seedbed surrounding, i.e. wrap up one layer of outside uniformly brush
The plastic sheeting of machine oil, mended brush 1 time every 2-3 month, and uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields a circle mass concentration on the ground that pillar is peripheral be 6%
Polyacetals carbaryl granule, every 10-15 days mend spread 1 time；When diseased plant rate >=1%, wheel uses 300,000,000 Ha Ci of CFU/ gram instead
Trichoderma wettable powder 20-25g/100m2, mass concentration be 5% jingganmycin water preparation 15-20g/100m2, MnZn more than 40%
Wettable powder 100-120g/100m2With the benzene first flutolanil suspending agent 8-10mL/100m that mass concentration is 12%2In 2-3
Planting reagent spray 2-3 time, every minor tick 10-15 days, to prevent and treat the disease of anthrax, brown spot and stem rot；When worm strain
During rate >=1%, wheel uses the Verticillium lecanii powder 70-100g/100m of 20,000,000,000 cfu/g instead2, mass concentration be 22.4% spiral shell worm second
Ester suspending agent 3-5ml/100m2It is 5% A Wei acetamiprid micro emulsion agent 3-4ml/100m with mass concentration2In 2-3 kind reagent spray
1-3 time, every minor tick 10-15 days, to prevent and treat the insect pest of thrips, red spider and scale insect.
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| CN108522544A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江省桐庐汇丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition and its application containing jinggangmeisu |
| CN110999744A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-14 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Orchid greenhouse thrips prevention and control method |
| CN112219671A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-15 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Greenhouse Chinese orchid cultivation anti-burning freezing harm control method |
| CN113678674A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 广东绿湖园艺股份有限公司 | Disease prevention and control method suitable for orchid planting in Guangdong region |
| CN115024118A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-09 | 佛山市农业科学研究所(佛山市农业技术推广中心) | Method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108522544A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江省桐庐汇丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition and its application containing jinggangmeisu |
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| CN110999744A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-14 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Orchid greenhouse thrips prevention and control method |
| CN110999744B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-11-09 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Orchid greenhouse thrips prevention and control method |
| CN112219671A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-15 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Greenhouse Chinese orchid cultivation anti-burning freezing harm control method |
| CN113678674A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 广东绿湖园艺股份有限公司 | Disease prevention and control method suitable for orchid planting in Guangdong region |
| CN115024118A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-09 | 佛山市农业科学研究所(佛山市农业技术推广中心) | Method for preventing and treating stem rot of hybrid orchid |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |
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