CN106105735B - A kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility - Google Patents
A kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility, belongs to fancy horticulture class pest and disease damage Control Technology field.The present invention educates and 2 stages of bowl cultivation for the ground cultivation in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process, construct the simplification pest controlling mode that a whole set of includes " one disappears, two change, three fit, four prevent " and " one adjusts, two disappear, three controls ", it operates simple, specification, safe and efficient, saving of labor, laborsaving, time saving；And can be effectively controlled the generation of disease pest in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process and cause harm, the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is substantially reduced, realizes that chemical fertilizer, subtracting for pesticide apply synergy, significance is all had to the green production and environmental protection of sansevieria trifasciata.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fancy horticulture class pest and disease damage Control Technology fields, and in particular to one kind is planted for sansevieria trifasciata facility
Simplification pest controlling method.
Background technique
Sansevieria trifasciataSansevieria trifasciataPrain also known as sansevieria trifasciata prain, brocade are blue, Your Highness is blue, tiger tail is slapped, is yellow
Tail orchid or mother-in-law's tongue, belong to Agavaceae Agavaceae sansevieria trifasciata categorySansevieriaPerennial herb foliage plant, be good fortune
Province's traditional flowers are built, the past is mainly cultivated with garden front yard formula as ornamental；In recent years, research finds that sansevieria trifasciata has good anti-spoke
The effects of penetrating and purifying air, demand is increasing, and cultivated area constantly increases, product sell well all over the country various regions and Japan and Korea S.,
The states such as America and Europe become Fujian Province's Feature flowers and earn foreign exchange plant with main exit.
Currently, sansevieria trifasciata cultivation is based on the plantation of the facilities such as simple plastic greenhouse and greenhouse；Production model densification, causes
The disease pests such as fusarium spot disease, anthracnose, bacterial soft rot, rot disease, root rot and scale insect, slug, red spider endanger day
It increasingly weighs, directly affects sansevieria trifasciata production, enterprise and peasant household are very urgent to the Prevention Technique demand of these pest and disease damages.For
This problem has scholar at present and proposes some feasible cultivations and Control Technology scheme, thunderous auspicious (2007) report of being in harmony
Sansevieria trifasciata Common Diseases and prevention and treatment (flowers, CN:44-1196/S), Lin Yueping (2008) report the cultivation of Sansevieria laurentii
Administrative skill (agricultural and technology, CN:CN 22-1159/S), Pan Yonghong (2009) reports Zhangzhou Area Phnom Penh Sansevieria hahnii
Common disease and pest and its prevention and treatment (Tropical China agricultural, CN:11-5318/F), Liu Yinqing etc. (2010) proposes Sansevieria laurentii
Production technology and credit rating (DB35/T 1056-2010), Chen Shaoping (2013) report sansevieria trifasciata cultivation management (middle national flower
Grass gardening, CN:11-4496/Z), Ye An (2013) reports the cultivation of golden-rimmed sansevieria trifasciata prain and applies (modern horticultural, CN:36-
1118/S), Zhang Zhengliang (2015) reports pot culture technology (friend of farmer richness, CN:23-1009/F) of sansevieria trifasciata, etc..But
These technologies also propose specific control measure just for a certain specific disease pest, lack to main diseases and insect pests general character prevention and control skill
The over all Integration of art easily duplicates application phenomenon, is badly in need of constructing a whole set of simplification for being suitable for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility
Pest controlling method, eased, specification, the generation of safe and efficient ground prevention and control sansevieria trifasciata disease pest and harm and keep sansevieria trifasciata compared with
While high quality and yield, the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is substantially reduced, realizes that chemical fertilizer, subtracting for pesticide apply increasing
Effect, also allows peasant more saving of labor, laborsaving, time saving.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility, this method can have
Effect controls the generation of disease pest in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process and causes harm, and substantially reduces the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, realizes
Chemical fertilizer, subtracting for pesticide apply synergy, all have significance to the green production and environmental protection of sansevieria trifasciata.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility, according to the growth course of facility plantation sansevieria trifasciata
It is divided into 2 stages, specific as follows:
1. ground plants the nurturing period:
Based on changing cultivation mode and prevention and control disease pest, the simplification pest controlling of building " one disappears, two change, three fit, four prevent "
Mode；Its concrete operations are as follows:
1) one disappears: containing more pathogen and worm's ovum in soil, therefore needs to carry out disinfection before whole furrow；First remove greenhouse
Interior weeds, dead leaf and Other Waste, then by Soil tillage, break into pieces, rake, then pour water in canopy and close plastic shed 5-7 days, heel row
Solid carbon dioxide simultaneously raises ceiling film, and deep ploughing teds 10-15 days, not only can effectively kill pathogen and the worm's ovum in soil, reduces disease
Worm sources also help organism corruption, improve soil soil physicochemical character, coordinate the factors such as the soil water, fertilizer, air and heat；
2) two change: improvement soil and change cultivation mode；
It improves soil: before sansevieria trifasciata field planting, soil measurement formula need to be carried out to soil, improve soil fertility, acid-base property, solubility
The situations such as salinity (EC value) are conducive to robust plant growth；When whole furrow, organic fertilizer that is decomposed or sterilizing is added, adjusts pH
It is worth to 4.9-6.4, EC value 1.8-2.8mS/cm.
Change cultivation mode: currently, part sansevieria trifasciata kind also uses low bedding cultivation, easily causing soil hardening, drains, thoroughly
Gas and and poor thermal insulation property, be uniformly changed to high bedding cultivation, drainage of soil, ventilative and thermal insulation property can be effectively improved, not only favorably
In sansevieria trifasciata root growth, rotten can also be reduced, soil-borne disease occurs and fertilizers input；
3) three is suitable: timely and appropriate discovery watering increases strong seedling lure and in due course tillage and weeding in due course；
Timely and appropriate discovery watering: sansevieria trifasciata is drought-resistant, avoids waterlogging, water it is too diligent, leaf mottling color can thin out and base portion and
Rhizome is perishable；When field planting, root water is irrigated, makes soil profit without stain to plant restoration ecosystem；Hereafter growth course, Ying Dengqi
Face antecedent soil moisture carries out border irrigation again, fills saturating；
Increase strong seedling lure in due course: sansevieria trifasciata is little to fertile demand, and likes thin fertilizer；In reasonably combined fertilizer n-p-k ratio
Example, on its basis, increases 800-1000 times of liquid of oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder or environmental protection ferment of mass concentration 6%
700-1000 times liquid 2-3 times, every minor tick 20-30 days, to promote robust plant to grow, activation self-defensive system, enhancing are anti-
Disease pest ability；
In due course tillage and weeding: ground, which plants mode terrestrial, to agglomerate, and easily long weeds, rob moisture and soil nutrient, and is disease
Worm provides boarding place；Therefore, it answers regular loose surface layer soil, root out weeds, soil aeration can be increased, improve ground temperature, promoted
It is stretched into microbial activities, nutrient validation and plant root, reduces disease pest source；Root system is not injured when operation；
4) four is anti-: anti-bright, antifreeze, diseases prevention and insect prevention；
Anti- to burn: sansevieria trifasciata light is again shade tolerant, but the strong light direct beam of long term high temperature, can also make plant impaired；Therefore, in high temperature
In (>=30 DEG C) strong light season, noon need to use the sunshade net sunshade of 50-70 mesh, and keep good ventilation, prevent from burning；
Antifreeze: sansevieria trifasciata happiness temperature can not resist cold, and grow 18-30 DEG C of thermophilic, overwintering thermophilic >=l0 DEG C；Winter temperature is lower than 10
DEG C when, greenhouse increases two layers of curtain, and furrow face covers mulch, and seals canopy and keep warm, and prevents plant from enduring cold operation, death；
Diseases prevention: when diseased plant rate >=3%, every 100m2Apply the agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3- that mass concentration is 20%
The difenoconazole water dispersible granule 6- that 5g, mass concentration are 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder 15-20g, mass concentration is 10%
8g and mass concentration are the solvable pulvis 7-9g of 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, with prevention and control fusarium spot disease, bacterial soft rot, anthrax
Disease, rot disease, the disease based on root rot, method of administration are to select wherein 2-3 kind medicament rotation 2-3 times spraying, every minor tick
10-15 days；
Insect prevention: when worm strain rate >=3%, every 100m2Apply avermectin micro-emulsion 2-3mL, the quality that mass concentration is 5%
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5- that the spiral shell worm ethyl ester suspending agent 2-4mL and mass concentration that concentration is 22.4% are 70%
6g/100m2, insect pest based on prevention and control scale insect, red spider, slug, method of administration be three's rotation is 1-3 times spraying,
Every minor tick 10-15 days；
2. the bowl cultivation phase
Based on adjusting planting environment and prevention and control disease pest, the simplification pest controlling mode of building " one adjusts, two disappear, three controls "；
Its concrete operations are as follows:
1) it one adjusts: adjusting cultivation subenvironment；
Sansevieria trifasciata happiness Wen Guang, shade tolerant drought, avoid waterlogging, can not resist cold, temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation are rationally adjusted after upper basin
Deng cultivation subenvironment, can promote plant restores and takes root, and effectively resists disease pest and causes harm；After upper basin, the control of greenhouse temperature exists
L8-30 DEG C, 20-25 DEG C of spring and autumn, summer less than 30 DEG C, l8-22 DEG C of winter, can with electric heating warm-air drier, hot line, negative-pressure air fan
Cold-proof cooling ventilation is carried out with equipment such as cascades, humid control gives substantial light according to (when summer and autumn noon strong sunlight in 70-80%
The sunshade net sunshade that 50-70 mesh need to be used, prevents strong light from endangering), it is suitably divulged information according to epidemic disaster range；
2) two disappear: plant disinfection and matrix disinfection；
Plant disinfection: on plant before basin, 1500-2000 times of agricultural streptomycin wettable powder for being 20% with mass concentration
4000-6000 times of liquid of avermectin micro-emulsion that liquid and mass concentration are 5%, whole strain are dried after impregnating 2-3 minutes；Leaf when drying
Piece is unable to atrophy dehydration, and does not cause other mechanical damages；
Matrix disinfection: it is 2- that formalin solution that mass concentration is 37-40% or mass concentration are uniformly sprayed in matrix
3% 84 thimerosals are simultaneously mixed thoroughly, are then covered plastic bag sealing 3-5 days, rear that flavour of a drug is waited to disperse and can use；
3) three control: control water, control fertilizer and disease-control worm；
Control water: on plant after basin, not watering before raw new root, kept after raw new root matrix see it is dry see wet, otherwise easily draw
From the very first stem rot is rotten；Autumn end to early spring cool period, reduces watering, matrix relatively dry is kept, to enhance the freeze proof energy of plant cold-resistant
Power；
Control fertilizer: it on plant after basin, does not apply fertilizer before not raw new root；New root 20-25 days, 1 500- was applied in conjunction with watering
600 times of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer；Upper basin is after 2 months, applies 1 500-600 times of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer again in conjunction with watering；
Disease-control worm: on plant after basin, every 600m2It hangs Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and greenhouse electricity demisting disease prevention growth-promoting machine is each
2-3 platform is above the seedling strain at 50-60cm, every cleaning the 1-2 month lamps and lanterns 1 time, while putting worm isolation strip of setting up defences in seedbed surrounding, i.e.,
The plastic film that the uniform brushing machine oil in one layer of outside or diesel oil are wrapped up on every pillar of seedbed surrounding was mended every 2-3 months
Brush 1 machine oil or diesel oil, and the ground of pillar periphery uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields the methaldehyde granule that a circle mass concentration is 6% or
Mass concentration is 5% carbaryl granule, mended and spreads 1 time every 10-15 days；When diseased plant rate >=1%, every 100m2Apply 10,000,000,000 buds
Spore/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder 7-9g, the agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3-5g that mass concentration is 20% and matter
Measure the difenoconazole water dispersible granule 6-8g that concentration is 10%, the disease based on prevention and control fusarium spot disease, anthracnose, rot disease
Evil, method of administration are three's rotation is 1-3 times spraying, every minor ticks 10-15 days；When worm strain rate >=1%, every 100m2Application
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5- that the avermectin micro-emulsion 2-3mL and mass concentration that mass concentration is 5% are 70%
6g/100m2Insect pest based on prevention and control slug, scale insect, method of administration are the two rotation is 1-3 times spraying, every minor ticks
10-15 days.
The foundation of simplification pest controlling method of the present invention is as follows:
Sansevieria trifasciata happiness Wen Guang, shade tolerant drought, avoid waterlogging, can not resist cold, can be grown at full sun, half sunshine or concealment.Tiger
The growth course of tail orchid facility plantation can cultivate with being divided into educate with 2 stages of bowl cultivation, the pest and disease damage in 2 stages is not
Together.Ground cultivation is educated: being planted mode with ground and is planted in simple plastic greenhouse；In 3-10 month, selection blade hypertrophy is thick and solid, rhizomes is strong
Strong, disease-free seedling plantation, is cultivated to plant at least 2 leaf length >=25 cm, width >=4 cm, and contain a piece of lobus cardiacus, root
Until stem diameter >=1 cm, 6-10 months by a definite date；Period is with fusarium spot disease, anthracnose, bacterial soft rot, rot disease, root
Maize ear rot and scale insect, slug, the disease pest based on red spider are caused harm heavier.Bowl cultivation: with liftoff potting mode in greenhouse
Seedbed in plant；After ground cultivation is educated, select blade is complete, straight and upright, not excessive growth, color are clearly demarcated, it is beautiful, without yellow leaf, withered
Strain is transplanted on leaf, the ground for doing point, is cleaned, is cut after root, disinfection with basin on ventilative and well-drained basin device, cultivate to new root length >=
1cm to end, 1-3 months by a definite date；Disease pest of the period based on fusarium spot disease, anthracnose, rot disease and slug, scale insect causes harm
It is heavier.
Remarkable result of the invention is:
(1) the present invention provides the simplification pest controlling mode that a whole set of is suitable for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility, operation is simple,
Specification, safe and efficient, peasant needs not move through stringent, professional pest and disease damage prevention and control training and can skillfully apply in production, more
It is saving of labor, laborsaving, time saving；
(2) present invention reaches 90-95% to disease pest pest control effect in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process, reduces chemical fertilizer pesticide
Usage amount 20-25% realizes that chemical fertilizer, subtracting for pesticide apply synergy, and the green production and environmental protection to sansevieria trifasciata have important
Meaning；
(2) present invention can promote peasant to pest controlling consciousness in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process and horizontal, reduce pest controlling at
This 25-35% or so improves sansevieria trifasciata commodity qualification rate 10-15%, drives peasant's increasing both production and income 15-20 %, promotes sansevieria trifasciata
Standardization and standardized planting, economical, societal benefits are very significant.
Specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention easily facilitate understanding, With reference to embodiment to of the present invention
Technical solution is described further, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
It is divided into 2 stages according to the growth course of facility plantation sansevieria trifasciata:
(1) it cultivates and educates:
1) before whole furrow, on the basis of clearing up greenhouse health and turning over and improving the soil, close plastic shed of pouring water 6 days, heel row solid carbon dioxide was simultaneously raised
Ceiling film, deep ploughing ted 15 days；
2) when whole furrow, the organic fertilizer of decomposed mistake, adjustment pH value to 5.5, EC value 2mS/cm is added；
3) changing low bedding cultivation is high bedding cultivation；
4) when being colonized, root water is irrigated, makes soil profit without stain to plant restoration ecosystem；The furrow faces antecedent soil moisture such as hereafter,
Border irrigation is carried out again, fills saturating；After field planting, in reasonably combined fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio, in conjunction with application quick-acting fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, organic fertilizer
On the basis of inorganic fertilizer, 800 times of the oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder liquid 2 times of mass concentration 6%, every minor tick 30 are increased
It；Meanwhile regular loose surface layer soil, rooting out weeds；
5) high temperature (>=30 DEG C) strong light season, the sunshade net sunshade of 50 mesh of noon keep good ventilation；Winter temperature is low
When l0 DEG C, greenhouse increases two layers of curtain, and furrow face covers mulch, and seals canopy and keep warm；
6) when diseased plant rate >=3%, every 100m2Agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 4g, quality with mass concentration for 20%
The difenoconazole water dispersible granule 7g that concentration is 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder 18g and mass concentration is 10%, rotation are spraying
3 times, every minor tick 10 days, the disease based on prevention and control fusarium spot disease, bacterial soft rot, anthracnose, rot disease, root rot
Evil；When worm strain rate >=3%, every 100m2The spiral shell worm ethyl ester suspending agent 2mL and mass concentration that are 22.4% with mass concentration are 70%
Niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5g, rotation spraying 2 times, every minor tick 15 days, with prevention and control scale insect, red spider, Kuo
Insect pest based on Yu；
(2) bowl cultivation:
1) (20-25 DEG C of spring and autumn, summer are less than 30 DEG C, l8-22 DEG C of winter, electricity consumption at 18-30 DEG C for the control of greenhouse temperature
Heat the equipment such as warm-air drier, negative-pressure air fan and cascade and carry out cold-proof cooling ventilation), humid control is in 70-80%, summer and autumn noon sun
Light need to use the sunshade net sunshade of 60 mesh when strong, suitably be divulged information according to epidemic disaster range；
2) matrix is before use, uniformly spray the formalin solution that mass concentration is 40% and mix thoroughly, after to cover polybag close
Envelope 4 days；On plant before basin, 1800 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin wettable powder and mass concentration that whole strain mass concentration is 20%
Disinfection in 3 minutes is impregnated for 5% 5500 times of liquid of avermectin micro-emulsion；
3) do not water before the raw new root of plant, kept after raw new root matrix see it is dry see it is wet；Autumn end to early spring cool period,
Watering is reduced, matrix relatively dry is kept；It does not apply fertilizer before the not raw new root of plant；After new root 20 days and upper basin 2 months, point
It Jie He not water and apply 1 500 times of 15-15-15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer；
4) on plant after basin, every 600m2Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and each 2 of greenhouse electricity demisting disease prevention growth-promoting machine is hung to exist
Above seedling strain at 50cm, every cleaning in 2 months lamps and lanterns 1 time, while on every pillar of seedbed surrounding, one layer of outside of package is uniform
The plastic film of brushing machine oil brushes 1 machine oil every 2 months benefits, and it is dense on the ground of pillar periphery uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields a circle quality
The methaldehyde granule that degree is 6% was mended every 12 days and is spread 1 time；
5) when diseased plant rate >=1%, every 100m2With 10,000,000,000 gemma/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder 9g and quality
The difenoconazole water dispersible granule 7g that concentration is 10%, rotation spraying 2 times, every minor tick 12 days, with prevention and control fusarium spot disease,
Disease based on anthracnose, rot disease；When worm strain rate >=1%, every 100m2The avermectin micro-emulsion for being 5% with mass concentration
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5g that 2mL and mass concentration are 70%, rotation is 2 times spraying, every minor tick 15 days, to prevent
Insect pest based on control slug, scale insect.
Embodiment 2
It is divided into 2 stages according to the growth course of facility plantation sansevieria trifasciata:
(1) it cultivates and educates:
1) before whole furrow, on the basis of clearing up greenhouse health and turning over and improving the soil, close plastic shed of pouring water 7 days, heel row solid carbon dioxide was simultaneously raised
Ceiling film, deep ploughing ted 12 days；
2) when whole furrow, the organic fertilizer sterilized, adjustment pH value to 6, EC value 2.5mS/cm is added；
3) changing low bedding cultivation is high bedding cultivation；
4) when being colonized, root water is irrigated, makes soil profit without stain to plant restoration ecosystem；The furrow faces antecedent soil moisture such as hereafter,
Border irrigation is carried out again, fills saturating；In reasonably combined fertilizer nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio after field planting, in conjunction with application quick-acting fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, organic fertilizer
On the basis of inorganic fertilizer, 1000 times of environmental protection ferment liquid 3 times, every minor tick 25 days are increased；Meanwhile periodically carrying out loose surface layer soil
Earth roots out weeds；
5) high temperature (>=30 DEG C) strong light season, the sunshade net sunshade of 60 mesh of noon keep good ventilation；Winter temperature is low
When l0 DEG C, greenhouse increases two layers of curtain, and furrow face covers mulch, and seals canopy and keep warm；
6) when diseased plant rate >=3%, every 100m2It is 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder 18g and mass concentration with mass concentration
For the solvable pulvis 8g of 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, rotation is 2 times spraying, every minor tick 12 days, with prevention and control fusarium spot disease, bacillary
Soft rot, anthracnose, rot disease, the disease based on root rot；When worm strain rate >=3%, every 100m2It is micro- with 5% avermectin
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 6g that emulsion 3mL and mass concentration are 70%, rotation is 2 times spraying, every minor tick 12 days,
Insect pest based on prevention and control scale insect, red spider, slug；
(2) bowl cultivation:
1) (20-25 DEG C of spring and autumn, summer are less than 30 DEG C, l8-22 DEG C of winter, land used at 18-30 DEG C for the control of greenhouse temperature
The equipment such as hot line, negative-pressure air fan and cascade carry out cold-proof cooling ventilation), humid control is in 70-80%, summer and autumn noon strong sunlight
When need to use the sunshade net sunshade of 50 mesh, suitably divulged information according to epidemic disaster range；
2) matrix before use, uniformly spray mass concentration be 3% 84 thimerosals and mix thoroughly, after cover plastic bag sealing 4
It；On plant before basin, 1500 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin wettable powder and mass concentration that whole strain is 20% with mass concentration are 5%
6000 times of liquid of avermectin micro-emulsion impregnate 2 minutes and sterilize；
3) do not water before the raw new root of plant, kept after raw new root matrix see it is dry see it is wet；Autumn end to early spring cool period,
Watering is reduced, matrix relatively dry is kept；It does not apply fertilizer before the not raw new root of plant；After new root 25 days and upper basin 2 months, point
It Jie He not water and apply 1 600 times of 16-16-16 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer；
4) on plant after basin, every 600m2Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and greenhouse electricity demisting disease prevention growth-promoting machine each 3 are hung in seedling
It at the 60cm of strain top, is cleaned lamps and lanterns 1 time every January, while wrapping up one layer of outside on every pillar of seedbed surrounding and uniformly applying
The plastic film of brush diesel oil mends 1 diesel oil of brush at quarterly intervals, and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields a circle mass concentration on the ground of pillar periphery
For 5% carbaryl granule, mended and spread 1 time every 15 days；
5) when diseased plant rate >=1%, every 100m2Agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 4g and quality with mass concentration for 20%
The difenoconazole water dispersible granule 6g that concentration is 10%, rotation spraying 2 times, every minor tick 12 days, with prevention and control fusarium spot disease,
Disease based on anthracnose, rot disease；When worm strain rate >=1%, every 100m2The avermectin micro-emulsion for being 5% with mass concentration
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5g that 3mL and mass concentration are 70%, rotation is 2 times spraying, every minor tick 12 days, to prevent
Insect pest based on control slug, scale insect.
The present invention reaches 90-95% to disease pest pest control effect in sansevieria trifasciata facility planting process, reduces chemical fertilizer Pesticide use
20-25% is measured, to reduce pest controlling cost 25-35%, sansevieria trifasciata commodity qualification rate 10-15% is improved, drives peasant's increasing both production and income
15-20 %, economic, society, ecological benefits are very significant.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of simplification pest controlling method for the plantation of sansevieria trifasciata facility, it is characterised in that: it plants sansevieria trifasciata according to facility
Growth course be divided into 2 stages:
(1) it cultivates and educates:
Based on changing cultivation mode and prevention and control disease pest, the simplification pest controlling mode of building " one disappears, two change, three fit, four prevent "；
Its concrete operations are as follows:
1) one disappears: soil disinfection；
Before whole furrow, after cleaning greenhouse health and turning over is improved the soil, close plastic shed of pouring water 5-7 days, heel row solid carbon dioxide simultaneously raises ceiling film, depth
Plough solarization 10-15 days；
2) two change: improvement soil and change cultivation mode；
It improves soil: when whole furrow, organic fertilizer, adjustment pH value to 4.9-6.4, EC value 1.8-2.8mS/cm is added；
Change cultivation mode: changing low bedding cultivation is high bedding cultivation；
3) three is suitable: timely and appropriate discovery watering increases strong seedling lure and in due course tillage and weeding in due course；
Appropriate watering: when field planting, irrigating root water, makes soil profit without stain to plant restoration ecosystem；Hereafter, furrow faces soil should be waited
It is dry to carry out border irrigation again, fill saturating；
Strong seedling lure is increased in due course: increasing 800-1000 times of wettable powder of oligosaccharides catenin of mass concentration 6% in conjunction with rich water
Liquid or 700-1000 times of environmental protection ferment liquid 2-3 times, every minor tick 25-30 days；
In due course tillage and weeding: it periodically carries out loose surface layer soil, root out weeds；
4) four is anti-: anti-bright, antifreeze, diseases prevention and insect prevention；
Anti- to burn: when the High temperature season of temperature >=30 DEG C, the sunshade net sunshade of noon 50-70 mesh keeps good ventilation；
Antifreeze: when winter temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, greenhouse increases two layers of curtain, and furrow face covers mulch, and seals canopy and keep warm；
Diseases prevention: when diseased plant rate >=3%, every 100m2Apply agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3-5g, the matter that mass concentration is 20%
Measure concentration be 2% kasugarnycin wettable powder 15-20g, the difenoconazole water dispersible granule 6-8g that mass concentration is 10% and
Mass concentration is the solvable pulvis 7-9g of 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, with prevention and control fusarium spot disease, bacterial soft rot, anthracnose, corruption
Disease based on rotten disease, root rot, method of administration are to select wherein 2-3 kind medicament rotation 2-3 times spraying, every minor tick 10-15
It；
Insect prevention: when worm strain rate >=3%, every 100m2Apply avermectin micro-emulsion 2-3mL, the mass concentration that mass concentration is 5%
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5-6g that spiral shell worm ethyl ester suspending agent 2-4mL and mass concentration for 22.4% are 70%, with
Prevention and control scale insect, red spider, the insect pest based on slug, method of administration are three's rotation is 1-3 times spraying, every minor tick 10-
15 days；
(2) bowl cultivation:
Based on adjusting planting environment and prevention and control disease pest, the simplification pest controlling mode of building " one adjusts, two disappear, three controls "；It has
Gymnastics conduct:
1) it one adjusts: adjusting cultivation subenvironment；
After upper basin, for the control of greenhouse temperature at 18-30 DEG C, humid control gives substantial light photograph, summer and autumn noon sun in 70-80%
Light need to use the sunshade net sunshade of 50-70 mesh when strong, suitably be divulged information according to epidemic disaster range；
2) two disappear: plant disinfection and matrix disinfection；
Plant disinfection: on plant before basin, with mass concentration be 20% 1500-2000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin wettable powder and
The mixed solution of 4000-6000 times of liquid of avermectin micro-emulsion that mass concentration is 5%, whole strain are impregnated 2-3 minutes；
Matrix disinfection: it is 2-3%'s that formalin solution that mass concentration is 37-40% or mass concentration are uniformly sprayed in matrix
84 thimerosals are simultaneously mixed thoroughly, after cover plastic bag sealing 3-5 days；
3) three control: control water, control fertilizer and disease-control worm；
Control water: on plant after basin, not watering before raw new root, kept after raw new root matrix see it is dry see it is wet；Autumn end to early spring is low
Warm period reduces watering, keeps matrix relatively dry；
Control fertilizer: it on plant after basin, does not apply fertilizer before not raw new root；After new root 20-25 days and upper basin 2 months, respectively in connection with
1 500-600 times of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied in watering；
Disease-control worm: on plant after basin, every 600m2Hang Multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp and each 2-3 platform of greenhouse electricity demisting disease prevention growth-promoting machine
Above the seedling strain at 50-60cm, every cleaning the 1-2 month lamps and lanterns 1 time, while worm isolation strip of setting up defences is put in seedbed surrounding, i.e., in seedling
The plastic film of the uniform brushing machine oil in one layer of outside of package or diesel oil on every pillar of bed surrounding mended brush 1 time every 2-3 months
Machine oil or diesel oil, and the ground of pillar periphery uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields a circle mass concentration be 6% methaldehyde granule or quality it is dense
Degree is 5% carbaryl granule, mended and spreads 1 time every 10-15 days；When diseased plant rate >=1%, every 100m2Apply 10,000,000,000 gemma/g
Bacillus subtilis wettable powder 7-9g, the agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3-5g that mass concentration is 20% and mass concentration
For 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule 6-8g, disease based on prevention and control fusarium spot disease, anthracnose, rot disease is applied
It is 1-3 times spraying, every minor tick 10-15 days by three's rotation with method；When worm strain rate >=1%, every 100m2It is dense to apply quality
The niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder 5-6g that the avermectin micro-emulsion 2-3mL and mass concentration that degree is 5% are 70%,To prevent
Insect pest based on control slug, scale insect, method of administration are the two rotation is 1-3 times spraying, every minor ticks 10-15 days.
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