CN114617020B - Grass control, fertilizer enhancement and synergy method for interplanted soybeans in young tea garden in mountain area and application thereof - Google Patents
Grass control, fertilizer enhancement and synergy method for interplanted soybeans in young tea garden in mountain area and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural green grass control, in particular to a soybean grass control, fertilizer increasing and synergy method for interplanting soybean in a young tea garden in mountain areas and application thereof, wherein soybean is interplanted among rows of the tea garden, and the planting distance between holes is 10-20cm, the row distance is 30cm, and the density of 2-3 soybean seeds is sowed in each hole, so that soybean interplanting is reasonable, the growth of soybean and tea seedlings is fully ensured, the weed quantity of the tea garden is reduced, the weed clusters such as crowndaisy chrysanthemum are inhibited, the weeding frequency of the tea garden is reduced, and the weeding cost is reduced; the invention has remarkable cost saving and synergy on the mountain young tea garden, improves the physical and chemical properties of soil, realizes effective control of weeds, saves the management and protection cost of the young tea garden, and is beneficial to promoting the efficient and high-quality development of the mountain tea garden.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural green grass control, in particular to a method for controlling grass, fattening and synergy of interplanted soybean in a young tea garden in a mountain area and application thereof.
Background
The tea tree is a long-acting crop, the planting time of the first three years is called a young age, the key period of the growth of the tea tree is that a large amount of investment is needed for weed control and nutrition fertilization, and the tea tree has no economic output and is the most difficult period in the tea industry. How to control weeds and nutritional fertilization in the young period of the tea garden directly relates to the garden forming speed of the tea garden, and also relates to whether the production can be performed with high yield, stable yield and high efficiency. Currently, herbicides are prohibited in many tea gardens, and manual weed control is mainly relied on; the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is advocated to be reduced, and the cost of organic and inorganic fertilizers is higher; these make management of young tea gardens more difficult. Therefore, the efficient grass control and fertilizer enhancement in young tea garden management promote the efficient and high-quality development of the tea industry, and become the focus of research of those skilled in the art.
The intercropping mode is a marrow and efficient planting mode of traditional agriculture in China, is widely applied to grain and vegetable production, and achieves good effects. A large number of test results show that reasonable intercropping is beneficial to forming a soil aggregate structure, improving the physical condition of soil, improving the organic matter content and the nutrient content of the soil, increasing the fertility condition of the soil, improving the microclimate of a tea garden, facilitating water storage, reducing runoff, preventing water and soil loss, inhibiting weeds and plant diseases and insect pests, and increasing the microbial content of the soil.
At present, young tea gardens are intercropped with different crop modes to improve economic benefits, so that the young tea gardens are favored by vast researchers, and certain development and research are achieved.
For example: the utility model provides a tea tree and soybean intercropping interplanting mode of patent application number 201210490326.8, in order to solve tea seed low in soil emergence rate, tea tree seedling survival rate subalternation technical problem, adopt tea seed and soybean seeding, realize tea seed and soybean intercropping, when making soybean arch soil go out soil, promote tea seed arch soil out of the soil, improve tea seed rate of emergence, and early through soybean sprouting, can shade for the tea seedling, avoid sunshine direct injection, prevent young tea seedling damage, improve the survival rate, simultaneously, utilize the soybean root system to have nitrogen fixation effect, improve soil physicochemical property, the fertility is supplemented, promote tea seedling growth. However, the method adopts double-row planting, the plant spacing is 26-33cm, the column spacing is 28-32cm, the row spacing is 130-150cm, and soybeans and tea seeds are sowed in different directions in the same hole, so that weeds between young tea tree rows cannot be well controlled, the grass control effect is poor, the stagnation degree between the soybeans and the tea tree is very easy to cause, the soybean seedlings are required to be pulled out, the labor intensity is high, the soybean yield is even affected, the economic benefit output in young tea gardens is poor, the soybean planting density is unreasonable, and the grass control effect is poor.
For another example: the comprehensive planting method of intercropping soybeans in a tea tree garden with the application number of 201510153609.7 comprises the steps of selecting tea tree seeds and soybean varieties suitable for intercropping, determining reasonable plant row spacing preparation mode and density, specifically selecting tea tree and soybean intercropping, intercropping soybeans in the middle of planting tea tree seedlings, wherein the planting density of the tea seedlings is 800-1200 plants/mu, so as to achieve the purposes of nitrogen fixation, fertilizer enhancement and efficiency enhancement of soybean root systems, soil particle fixation and water and soil loss prevention; however, in the planting process, no study is made on the density control of soybeans, and the planting mode and density control of soybeans are not proper, resulting in poor grass control effect.
For another example: the patent application number is 202011087756.6, and discloses a cultivation method and a sowing device for interplanting tea leaves and soybeans, wherein the row spacing of tea tree planting pits is 1.0cm-1.5 cm, the plant spacing is 25 cm-40 cm, soybean planting pits are dug among the tea tree planting pits, the row spacing of the soybean planting pits is 50 cm-70 cm, the plant spacing is 25 cm-40 cm, and the cultivation method is completed through the steps of base fertilizer application, planting, topdressing, field management, harvesting and the like. Therefore, the method is to simultaneously carry out the tea seedling transplanting and the soybean sowing, so that weeds are clustered in the survival period of the tea seedling transplanting and the emergence period of the soybean, a large amount of manual weeding is needed, and meanwhile, the soybean planting density is unreasonable, so that the grass control effect is poor and the economic benefit is not obvious.
For another example: the website is https:// www.xzbu.com/8/view-7439261.Htm, she Zongrong discloses the technology and meaning analysis of interplanting soybean in young tea garden in the shallow analysis of soybean interplanting technology in new tea garden, and the reasonable planting density arrangement is clearly required, but no public study on planting density is required in the text, so that the grass control effect is poor and the economic benefit is not ideal when the corresponding technology is implemented by the person skilled in the art.
Based on the above, the researchers stand on the Guizhou mountain young tea garden, develop the interplanting technical research of the mountain young tea garden soybean, realize that the density of the soybean among the mountain young tea garden is reasonable, inhibit the growth of weeds such as wild chrysanthemum, reduce the variety and quantity of the young tea garden weeds, improve the soybean yield and economic effect, and provide a new thought for controlling grass, increasing fertilizer and improving efficiency of the young tea garden.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for interplanting soybean in a mountain young tea garden to control grass, increase fertilizer and increase efficiency and application thereof.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for interplanting soybean in young tea garden in mountain area comprises digging soybean sowing holes with row spacing of 10-20cm and row spacing of 30cm, sowing 2-3 soybean seeds in each hole, and covering with soil. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting soybean varieties with high growth vigor, large plants and strong disease and pest resistance;
(2) According to the time interval of soybean variety suitable sowing, a tillage machine is adopted to tillage the soil of the young tea garden of the mountain land for 20cm deep, the soil is thinned, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied according to 5-8 kg/mu, and the soil is uniformly stirred for later use;
(3) Interplanting between young tea gardens in mountain land by adopting a hill-drop method, digging soybean sowing holes with row spacing of 30cm and plant spacing of 10-20cm, and covering each hole with 2-3 soybean seeds by covering soil;
(4) After soybean seedlings emerge and grow for 10-20d, observing the growth condition of the soybean, timely reseeding in holes, and respectively spraying a plant resistance inducer and a bactericide once before the soybean flowers; spraying one-time insecticide in the soybean branching period, wherein the insecticide is one or more of thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and indoxacarb;
(5) After the soybean leaves are completely fallen, harvesting the soybeans, airing until the moisture content of the soybeans is less than 5%, and storing.
Preferably, the soybean variety is one or more of an An bean series and Qian bean series. For example: safety bean No. 5, safety bean No. 8, safety bean No. 9, an Dou and 10; qian Dou No. 7, qian Dou No. 8, qian Dou No. 9, qian Dou No. 10, etc.
Preferably, the hill-drop method adopts a tillage machine to deeply plough the soil of the tea garden and thin the soil, and applies the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to 5-8 kg/mu and uniformly mixes the soil.
Preferably, the depth of the deep-turning is 20cm.
Preferably, the plant resistance inducer is one or more of brassin, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb.
Preferably, the bactericide is one or more of ethylicin, kasugamycin, chlorothalonil and amino-oligosaccharin.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the soybean interplanting, grass controlling, fertilizer increasing and synergy method for the young mountain tea garden, which is used for inhibiting the growth of the wild crowndaisy chrysanthemum in the young mountain tea garden.
The invention further aims to provide a method for inhibiting the growth of the wild chrysanthemum in the young tea garden in the mountain area, wherein soybean is planted between the tea tree rows of the young tea garden in the mountain area in a hole sowing mode, the hole sowing density is 10-20cm, the hole sowing distance is 30cm, holes are dug, 2-3 soybean seeds are sowed in each hole, and the soybean seeds are covered by covering soil.
In the invention, the tea tree variety in the young tea garden in the mountain is Qian tea No. 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
the invention realizes the control and the planting of the soybean among the tea plant rows of the mountain young tea garden with reasonable density, not only realizes the weed control and the removal of the weeds in the mountain young tea garden, reduces the times of manual weeding and the labor intensity, realizes the application of green weed control technology of the tea garden, is beneficial to improving the quality of the tea garden, but also realizes the high yield of the soybean on the basis of promoting the growth of the mountain young tea garden, guaranteeing the construction quality and the efficiency of the tea garden, improves the economic benefit of the mountain young tea garden and compensates the blank period of the economic output in the traditional mountain young tea garden construction period.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that soybeans are interplanted among rows of the tea garden, the plant spacing between holes is 10-20cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and the density of 2-3 soybean seeds is sowed in each hole, so that the interplanting of the soybeans is reasonable, the growth of the soybeans and tea seedlings is fully ensured, the quantity of weeds in the tea garden is reduced, the weed clusters such as crowndaisy chrysanthemum are inhibited, the weeding frequency of the tea garden is reduced, and the weeding cost is reduced.
The invention realizes the extinction inhibition of the wild garland chrysanthemum among the tea gardens by interplanting the black bean series and the safety bean series among the tea garden rows and strictly controlling the plant spacing and the row spacing among the holes of interplanted soybeans and the quantity of the soybean seeds sowed in each hole, thereby avoiding the influence of the higher weed plants of the wild garland chrysanthemum on the growth performance of tea seedlings in the tea gardens to a great extent, being beneficial to enhancing the growth performance of the tea seedlings and improving the growth quality of the tea seedlings.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further defined below in conjunction with the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the description.
In some embodiments, the mountain young tea garden interplanting soybean grass control and fertilizer increasing and synergy method adopts a hill seeding method among tea tree rows, soybean seeding holes are dug according to the plant spacing of 10-20cm among the holes and the row spacing of 30cm, 2-3 soybean seeds are sowed in each hole, and soil covering is carried out. Other tea gardens and post-soybean field management may be performed by reference to the prior art and conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art. The tea tree rows of the young tea garden in the mountain area are spaced to be planted with soybean seeds in a bunch way, so that the weed quantity is greatly reduced, compared with the soybean seeds not planted, the weed quantity is reduced by at least 93%, and the weed quantity is greatly reduced compared with the higher row spacing when the hole plant spacing is maintained between 10cm and 20cm by controlling the reasonable hole plant spacing and the row spacing; especially, the total amount of weeds and the inhibition effect of weeds such as crabgrass, polygonum, wild licorice, achyranthes bidentata, ixeris sonchifolia, and peganum arvense are completely different due to different soybean sowing densities, and the generation amount of weeds is greatly reduced through rationalization control of soybean hole sowing densities.
When soybean is interplanted, the distance between the soybean holes and the tea seedling holes is 10cm, so that the distance is not too low, otherwise, the normal growth of tea seedlings is affected, and the growth rate of tea seedlings is reduced; too high amount of weeds between the tea seedlings and the soybean seedlings is not needed, so that plant growth is affected. For those skilled in the art, when soybeans are actually interplanted, the spacing between the soybean pits and the tea seedling pits is controlled to be estimated, so that the spacing is controlled to be 10 cm+/-1 cm.
In certain embodiments, the method specifically comprises the steps of:
(1) Selecting soybean varieties with high growth vigor, large plants and strong disease and pest resistance;
(2) According to the time interval of soybean variety suitable sowing, a tillage machine is adopted to tillage the soil of the young tea garden of the mountain land for 20cm deep, the soil is thinned, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied according to 5-8 kg/mu, and the soil is uniformly stirred for later use;
(3) Interplanting between young tea gardens in mountain land by adopting a hill-drop method, digging soybean sowing holes with row spacing of 30cm and plant spacing of 10-20cm, and covering each hole with 2-3 soybean seeds by covering soil;
(4) After soybean seedlings emerge and grow for 10-20d, observing the growth condition of the soybean, timely reseeding in holes, and respectively spraying a plant resistance inducer and a bactericide once before the soybean flowers; spraying one-time insecticide in the soybean branching period, wherein the insecticide is one or more of thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and indoxacarb;
(5) After the soybean leaves are completely fallen, harvesting the soybeans, airing until the moisture content of the soybeans is less than 5%, and storing. The plant resistance inducer is one or more of brassin, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb. The bactericide is one or more of ethylicin, kasugamycin, chlorothalonil and amino-oligosaccharin.
The effects of controlling grass, fattening and enhancing efficiency of the hill-sowed soybeans among the mountain young tea gardens are fully realized, so that the weed production among the mountain young tea gardens is greatly reduced, the weeding times (at least 4 times) of the tea gardens are reduced, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the management and protection cost of the mountain young tea gardens is reduced; meanwhile, soybean can be produced in the mountain young tea garden, the production of economic benefits of the mountain young tea garden is improved, the characteristics of soybean root systems are fully utilized, the physical and chemical properties of the mountain young tea garden soil are improved, the soil fertilizer efficiency and the air permeability are improved, the rapid growth of tea seedlings is promoted, the mountain tea garden construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
In certain embodiments, the soybean variety is one or more of an ansu-bean series, an qian-bean series variety. The soybean variety is suitable for mountain planting in Guizhou and other mountain areas, has the characteristics of high growth vigor, large plants, strong disease and pest resistance and the like, and can greatly improve the inhibition effect on weed growth.
In some embodiments, the hill-drop method adopts a ploughing machine to deeply plough the soil of the tea garden, thin the soil, and apply the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer according to 5-8 kg/mu and mix the fertilizer uniformly one week before digging soybean sowing holes. Can ensure the base fertilizer requirement of the young tea garden in the mountain area. The depth of the deep turning is 20cm.
In order to be able to verify the technical effects of the invention to the greatest extent, the present research team developed the following experimental study.
Test 1: study on weed control effect of different intercropping densities
Selecting soybean variety as an ansu 5, intercropping soybean in Qian tea first young tea garden established in Qian tea village, hua Qian village, qing Ji Ying village and Qian Qing Zhen Ji Cheng Sheng village, long Tang, and adopting biomass investigation method (fresh weight method) to control weeds in the intercropped soybean according to pesticide field efficacy test criterion (II) 125: the herbicide was used for controlling weeds in soybean fields (GB/T17980.125-2004), five test groups were established, three cells of 4 square meters were randomly selected for each test group, the types of weeds, the number of various weeds, and all weeds were harvested and weighed by site observation, and the results were recorded as shown in tables 1 and 2.
Test group 1: interplanting soybean among tea plant rows in young tea gardens, digging holes among the tea plant rows by using a hoe, wherein the plant spacing among the holes is 10cm, the row spacing is 30cm, sowing 2-3 soybean seeds in each hole, covering with soil, and marking as A;
test group 2: soybean interplanting is carried out according to the test group 1, wherein the plant spacing between holes is 10cm, the row spacing is 40cm, and the soybean interplanting is marked as B;
test group 3: soybean interplanting is carried out according to the test group 1, wherein the plant spacing between holes is 20cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and the soybean interplanting is marked as C;
test group 4: soybean interplanting is carried out according to the test group 1, wherein the plant spacing between holes is 20cm, the row spacing is 40cm, and the soybean interplanting is marked as D;
test group 5: the tea plant row is not treated at all and is marked as CK.
The soil of the young tea garden in the mountain area is ploughed for 20cm deep and thinned by a ploughing machine, and is applied with the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to 5-8 kg/mu and uniformly mixed for later use; interplanting soybeans according to the treatment modes of the test groups, performing field management according to a conventional method after sowing, and respectively spraying a plant resistance inducer and a bactericide once before flowering of the soybeans; spraying pesticide once during soybean branching period, collecting soybean after soybean leaves are completely fallen, sun-drying until soybean water content is less than 5%, and storing.
TABLE 1 effects of different Soy intercropping densities on fresh weight of weeds in young tea gardens in mountain areas
Note that: different letters of the same index treated differently represent significant differences (P < 0.05); the following is the same.
As can be seen from Table 1, when the mountain young tea garden is interplanted with soybean, the fresh weight of the weeds in the tea garden is greatly affected by the soybean interplanted density, compared with the control group, the fresh weight of the weeds in the mountain young tea garden is significantly lower than that in the control group (P is less than 0.05); among the test groups with different soybean intercropping densities, the average acre grass fresh weight of the test groups A and C is the least, and only accounts for 5.74% and 6.88% of the control group respectively, but the average acre grass fresh weight of the test groups A and C has no obvious difference (P is less than 0.05).
TABLE 2 effects of different seed intercropping densities on weed population in young tea gardens on mountain areas
As can be seen from Table 2, the different soybean intercropping densities of the young tea garden in the mountain area have great influence on the quantity and the types of weeds in the tea garden, compared with the control, the quantity and the types of weeds in the young tea garden in the intercropping soybean are obviously lower than those in the control (P is less than 0.05), and the occurrence of weeds of wild garland chrysanthemum (benth.) is effectively inhibited; in the test groups of different soybean intercropping densities, the quantity of weeds in the tea garden with the young age of C is minimum, and the weeds only account for 10.44% of that in the control group.
Test 2: research on influence of different intercropping densities on growth of tea seedlings in tea garden
Based on test 1, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and root number of tea seedlings in the tea garden in A, B, C, D, CK groups in test 1 are counted, and each treatment is repeated three times. The results are shown in Table 3 below:
the plant height measuring method comprises the following steps: and randomly pulling out the tea seedlings of each treatment group, and measuring the distance from the plant base to the top point to obtain the plant height.
The stem diameter measuring method comprises the following steps: and randomly pulling out the tea seedlings of each treatment group, and measuring the thickness of the newly grown part on the cutting base spike to obtain the stem diameter of the tea seedlings.
The blade number measuring method comprises the following steps: and randomly pulling out the tea seedlings of each treatment group, and counting the number of leaves at the top end of the pulled-out tea seedling plants.
The root system quantity measuring method comprises the following steps: and randomly pulling out the tea seedlings of each treatment group, and counting the number of the root systems of the pulled-out tea seedlings.
TABLE 3 study of the influence of different intercropping densities on the growth of tea seedlings in young tea gardens
As shown in Table 3, the different interplanting densities have a larger influence on the growth performance of the tea seedlings in the mountain tea garden, and compared with the control group, the growth of the tea seedlings is obviously superior to that of the control group, so that the growth of the tea seedlings in the mountain young tea garden is greatly ensured; in addition, in different interplanting density groups, the improvement of the growth performance of the tea seedlings in the mountainous young tea garden is better in A, C groups compared with the control: the group C treatment improves the plant height of the tea seedlings by 20%, the stem diameter is obviously thicker, the number of leaves is relatively more, especially the root system is more developed, the number of the root system is improved by about 22% compared with the control, and the number of the root system is obviously higher than the control (P < 0.05). The influence of different soybean interplanting densities on the fresh weight and the quantity of weeds and the influence of different interplanting densities on the growth of tea seedlings in young tea gardens are comprehensively known, and the group C treatment is adopted as the optimal grass control interplanting density of the soybeans in the young tea gardens, namely the plant spacing between soybean holes is 20cm and the row spacing is 30cm.
Test 3: research on influence of optimal grass-control soybean intercropping density on soil fertility of young tea garden
Taking the optimal grass-control soybean intercropping density in the test 1 as a test group, namely taking the group C in the test 1 as the soybean intercropping density as test treatment; the tea plant row in test 1 was used as a control group without any treatment and was designated as CK. Soil at 5 sites was randomly collected as a sample for each group, and the collected soil samples were subjected to physical and chemical property detection analysis of pH, hydrolyzed nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, organic matters, and the like, and the results are shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 influence of optimal grass-controlling soybean intercropping density in young tea garden in mountain area on physical and chemical properties of soil
As can be seen from Table 4, the optimal density treatment of soybean intercropping in the mountain young tea garden leads the soil hydrolytic nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and organic matters in the young tea garden to be obviously higher than those in the control group, namely 177.08%, 206.46% and 188.79% of the control group respectively; the pH and the quick-acting potassium content have no obvious difference (P is less than 0.05), namely: the reasonable density of the mountain young tea garden is used for intercropping soybeans, so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the young tea garden can be obviously improved, and the soil fertility can be improved.
Test 4: economic benefit analysis generated by optimal grass control soybean interplanting density
Taking the optimal grass-controlling soybean intercropping density in the test 1 as a test group, namely taking the group C in the test 1 as the soybean intercropping density; the tea plant row in test 1 was used as a control group without any treatment and was designated as CK. In a test, 4 cells having an area of about 4 square meters were randomly selected, the soybeans were subjected to a direct field measurement, all of the soybeans (in pod form) were harvested, the fresh weight was weighed, the result was multiplied by a conversion factor of 0.5 (pod and moisture content were subtracted), and the soybean yield was estimated, and the results were shown in tables 5 and 6 below.
TABLE 5 optimal grass and soybean intercropping density control for young mountain tea garden
TABLE 6 economic benefit analysis of optimal grass-controlling soybean intercropping density for young tea garden in mountain area
As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, the yield of soybeans was measured in the field to obtain 116.14 Kg/mu soybeans, and the yield of soybeans was calculated to be 929.12 yuan/mu according to the market price of soybeans of 8 yuan/Kg soybeans. Meanwhile, according to the calculation that the manual investment is required for weeding one mu of the young tea garden for soybeans for 1 time, the investment is about 200 yuan/mu (including soybean seeds, fertilizers, manual investment and the like), the time from sowing to soybean harvesting (4 months to 8 months, about 4 months in total) of the young tea garden for soybeans for no intercropping is required for weeding 4 times, the investment is 800 yuan/mu, the comprehensive analysis can reduce 3 times of weeding, and the investment is saved by 600 yuan/mu. As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, the optimal density treatment of the soybean intercropping between the young tea gardens in the mountain area can save cost and increase efficiency by about 1329.12 yuan/mu compared with the treatment of the soybean intercropping, so that better economic benefit can be obtained in the garden establishment period of the young tea gardens in the mountain area, the economic difficulty in the garden establishment development period of the young tea gardens in the mountain area is solved, and the labor intensity and the cost are greatly reduced.
The invention is implemented by conventional technical means, for example, by referring to the prior art or common general knowledge known to the person skilled in the art, in other cases: for the invention, the plant resistance inducer and the bactericide are sprayed once in the soybean flowering period; spraying the pesticide once in the soybean branching period, and spraying according to the instruction of the adopted medicine. What needs to be specified is: in the specific test process of the invention, the plant resistance inducer, the bactericide and the pesticide are not adopted for spraying.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method is characterized by realizing the extinction inhibition of the wild chrysanthemum among the tea gardens, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a soybean variety with high growth vigor, large plants and strong disease and pest resistance, wherein the soybean variety is one or more of an An bean series and Qian bean series varieties;
(2) According to the time interval of soybean variety suitable sowing, a tillage machine is adopted to tillage the soil of the young tea garden of the mountain land for 20cm deep, the soil is thinned, and a low-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied according to 5-8 kg/mu, and the soil is uniformly stirred for later use;
(3) Interplanting between young tea gardens in mountain land by adopting a hill-drop method, controlling the spacing between soybean holes and tea seedling holes to be 10 cm+/-1 cm, controlling the plant spacing between soybean holes to be 10-20cm, controlling the row spacing to be 30cm, covering each hole with 2-3 soybean seeds by covering soil after sowing;
(4) After soybean seedlings emerge and grow for 10-20 days, observing the growth condition of the soybean, timely reseeding in holes, and respectively spraying a plant resistance inducer and a bactericide once before the soybean flowers, wherein the plant resistance inducer is one or more of brassin, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, and the bactericide is one or more of ethylicin, kasugamycin, chlorothalonil and amino-oligosaccharin; spraying one-time insecticide in the soybean branching period, wherein the insecticide is one or more of thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and indoxacarb;
(5) After the soybean leaves are completely fallen, harvesting the soybeans, airing until the moisture content of the soybeans is less than 5%, and storing.
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