CN108901542A - A kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth - Google Patents
A kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN108901542A CN108901542A CN201810690998.0A CN201810690998A CN108901542A CN 108901542 A CN108901542 A CN 108901542A CN 201810690998 A CN201810690998 A CN 201810690998A CN 108901542 A CN108901542 A CN 108901542A
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- vetch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the methods for promoting plant strain growth, it is realized using the method for vetch is interplanted in Chinese gooseberry garden, it sows seeds vetch seed in the 9-10 month full garden that Kiwi berry seed plants (2-3 month is colonized) current year, sowing quantity is 1.5-2.0Kg per acre, it is digged once with the full garden of rotary cultivator afterwards, notices that set disk digs when applying fertilizer together without rotary tillage.The present invention has efficient prevention and control low age Kiwi berry weed growth, significantly reduces weeding cost；Persistently improve low age kiwi fruit plant breeding time root system ecological environment and soil enzyme activities, increase the type and quantity of root soil microorganism and effectively keep root soil water content, the effects of promoting Kiwi berry to utilize to the maximum absorption of root soil nutrient, low age kiwi fruit plant is promoted well to grow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technique for culturing yangtao fields in agricultural, and in particular to a kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement
Soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth.
Background technique
Farmland weed and Kiwi berry together constitute the ecosystem, and in this, weeds have very strong adaptability and breeding
Moisture and nutriment in ability, with Kiwi berry competition soil, influence Kiwi growth development, some weeds are posted among disease pest
It is main, promote disease to occur to reduce the yield and quality of Kiwi berry.Especially low age kiwi fruit tree garden (first 3 years of plantation),
Kiwi berry has the condition of the suitable weed growths such as sufficient light, water, gas, soil before not growing into forest, promoted low age kiwi fruit tree garden
The overgrowing of weeds has aggravated the pressure and cost of artificial weeding.Although chemical herbicide can reach the effect got instant result,
The use of pesticide can bring many negative consequences such as ecological disruption, agricultural product security, pest and disease damage exacerbation.Ensure Agro-ecology peace
Entirely, develop green organic farm products and food production, have become one of grand strategy target of China's agricultural sustainable development.
Therefore, it in the management strategy of farmland weed, advocates and carries out weeds integrated management, the measure using biology, ecology is miscellaneous to administer
Grass.
Between crop make, interplant be the fine agronomy of Chinese tradition essence, have a long history.It rationally interplants not in orchard
Soil fertility not only can be improved in same crop, improves cell environment, and can inhibit weed growth, plays the work of covering
With foring conducive to the movable ecological environment of natural enemy, can give full play to the control action of the hostile pest in day, reduce pest and disease damage and life
The generation of disease is managed, pesticide dosage is reduced, reduces Pesticide Residues in Fruit.It is reported that kiwi fruit tree garden interplanting Trifolium repense, rye grass,
The adjustable soil moisture of the green manure such as alfalfa extends root growth period, is conducive to root system development.Soil can be improved simultaneously
Water holding capacity increases the soil organism, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content.Can improve strain production, single fruit weight, soluble solid, soluble sugar,
Vitamin C content reduces the content of titratable acid.For vetch, as a kind of leguminous plant and good forage and green manure,
In Chinese gooseberry garden interplanting relevant report or research not yet, whether vetch and Kiwi berry interplanting can be to the product qualities of the two
And soil enzyme activities and Kiwi berry plant growth have facilitation, are still for a person skilled in the art at present unknown
's.
With the person's of expense improvement of living standard, the Kiwi berry of green ecological is required also higher and higher.The city Kiwi berry Yao
Field is based oneself upon, and just must rationally be utilized orchard land resource from green ecological, specification orchard management, be improved fruit quality, drop
Low production cost increases orchard worker's economic well-being of workers and staff.Different crops is rationally interplanted in orchard, and soil fertility not only can be improved, and improves
Cell environment, and weed growth can be inhibited, play the role of covering, realizes the bumper harvests of mutual supplement with each other's advantages based on fruit tree.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improves soil and promotes the method for plant strain growth,
With efficient prevention and control low age Kiwi berry weed growth, weeding cost is reduced；And it preferably can persistently improve Kiwi berry breeding time root
It is ecological environment and soil enzyme activities, increases the type and quantity of root soil microorganism and effectively keep root soil aqueous
Amount promotes Kiwi berry to utilize the maximum absorption of root soil nutrient, to promote the good life of low age kiwi fruit plant
It is long.
The technical scheme is that such：
The present invention is to realize the weeding of low age kiwi fruit tree garden by broadcasting sowing interplanting vetch in low age Chinese gooseberry garden
And the growth of improvement soil and promotion plant.Specifically, vetch broadcasts sowing interplanting and follows these steps to carry out：
(1) primary vaccination kiwi fruit tree garden is cut weeds：8-9 month full people from garden of (2-3 month is colonized) current year is planted in Kiwi berry seed
Work weeder is cut weeds 1 time；
(2) vetch is disseminated：In 9-10 month full garden sow seeds vetch seed, sowing quantity is 1.5-2.0Kg per acre, rear to use
The full garden of rotary cultivator is digged once, notices that set disk digs when applying fertilizer together without rotary tillage；
(3) post-broadcast management：Every time to Kiwi berry apply fertilizer when, remove tree disk in vetch seedling after fertilising with tree disk soil,
Fertilizer mixing backfill overlay tree disk.The vetch grown between kiwi fruit tree garden plant waits for that it runs its course, in low age phase in annual winter
The full garden rotary tillage of rotary cultivator is primary.
The present invention has efficient prevention and control low age Kiwi berry weed growth, significantly reduces weeding cost；Persistently improve macaque
Peach breeding time root system ecological environment and soil enzyme activities increase the type and quantity of root soil microorganism and effectively keep root system
Soil moisture content promotes Kiwi berry to utilize the maximum absorption of root soil nutrient, low age kiwi fruit plant is promoted well to give birth to
The effects of long.And Newly built orchard interplanting vetch Kiwi berry operation before can sell herbage vetch can have certain income with
Investment for kiwi fruit tree garden.It is demonstrated experimentally that having after the present invention is implemented to the growth of low age kiwi fruit plant and preventing and kill off for weeds
Unpredictable excellent effect belongs to the present inventor and finds unintentionally and obtain under study for action after carrying out sustained improvement
Technical solution.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
It is that vetch is interplanted in Newly built orchard that kiwi fruit tree garden, which interplants vetch method, keeps original kiwi fruit tree garden plant
Away from constant, i.e., T-shape frame is cultivated, spacing in the rows 2.5m~3m, line-spacing 3.5m~4m, transplants 56~75 plants per acre, and male and female plant ratio is
8:1；Greenhouse frame cultivation, spacing in the rows 3m~3.5m, line-spacing 3.5m~4m transplant 48~64 plants per acre, and male and female plant ratio is 8:1.It is wild
Pea interplanting in the ranks, is sowed seeds wild pea in kiwi fruit tree garden in the 9-10 month full garden that Kiwi berry seed plants (2-3 month is colonized) current year
Beans seed, per acre sowing quantity be 1.5-2.0Kg, after digged once with the full garden of rotary cultivator, pays attention to tree disk without rotary tillage when applying fertilizer
It digs together.
The present invention is on the basis of vetch breeding cycle is longer, i.e. (9-10 month substantially sowing time in vetch phenological period
Part), seeding stage (10-11 month), florescence (5-6 month) and withered and yellow phase (8-9 month), growth so in cycles recycles
To continue to control the growth of other weeds and improve Kiwi berry breeding time (the rudiment 2-3 month, the shoot and leaf growth 4-9 month, leaf drop 11-
December) root soil enzymatic activity, the type and quantity of increase root soil microorganism and effective holding root soil water content, promote
It is utilized into maximum absorption of the Kiwi berry to root soil nutrient, and then promotes the growth of low age kiwi fruit plant.
Vetch broadcasts sowing interplanting and follows these steps to carry out：
(1) primary vaccination kiwi fruit tree garden is cut weeds：8-9 month full people from garden of (2-3 month is colonized) current year is planted in Kiwi berry seed
Work weeder is cut weeds 1 time；
(2) vetch is disseminated：In 9-10 month full garden sow seeds vetch seed, sowing quantity is 1.5-2.0Kg per acre, rear to use
The full garden of rotary cultivator is digged once, notices that set disk digs when applying fertilizer together without rotary tillage；
(3) post-broadcast management：Every time to Kiwi berry apply fertilizer when, remove tree disk in vetch seedling after fertilising with tree disk soil,
Fertilizer mixing backfill overlay tree disk.The vetch grown between kiwi fruit tree garden plant waits for that it runs its course, in low age phase in annual winter
The full garden rotary tillage of rotary cultivator is primary.
Experimental example 1:
One, sample plot overview
Sample plot is located at Qian Sheng Co., Ltd of Guizhou agricultural university (improving literature in Guizhou) and Kweiyang He Shen agricultural development Co., Ltd (breath
Beacon) kiwi fruit tree garden, experimental period is 2016~2018.Main breed is " your length ", and T-shape frame is cultivated, the age of tree 2 years, strain
Away from 3m, line-spacing 4m, every 667m256 plants of plantation, tree vigo(u)r neat and consistent, management level are higher.
Two, vetch broadcasts sowing interplanting
(1) primary vaccination kiwi fruit tree garden is cut weeds：8-9 month full people from garden of (2-3 month is colonized) current year is planted in Kiwi berry seed
Work weeder is cut weeds 1 time；
(2) vetch is disseminated：In 9-10 month full garden sow seeds vetch seed, sowing quantity is 1.5-2.0Kg per acre, after
It is digged once with the full garden of rotary cultivator, notices that set disk digs when applying fertilizer together without rotary tillage；
(3) post-broadcast management：Every time to Kiwi berry apply fertilizer when, remove tree disk in vetch seedling after fertilising with tree disk soil,
Fertilizer mixing backfill overlay tree disk.The vetch grown between kiwi fruit tree garden plant waits for that it runs its course, in low age phase in annual winter
The full garden rotary tillage of rotary cultivator is primary.
Three, monitoring index and method
(1) intercropping in garden vetch next year observes kiwi fruit plant upgrowth situation, including plant height, leaf in month next year 7-8
The piece number, maximum leaf length, maximum width of blade, the indexs such as stem girth, bud spacing at graft union.And since May, using 5 point samplings
The soil sample 5kg, 2.5kg that deep 0~60cm is acquired in each cell are fresh-keeping for measuring microbe colony number, and 2.5kg is air-dried, gone
Soil enzyme activities is measured after miscellaneous 120 mesh of mistake.
(2) soil enzyme activities measures：Urease activity indophenols colorimetric method for determining, active unit is with 1g soil sample in 37 DEG C of conditions
Under, the milligram number of the ammonia nitrogen of generation is hydrolyzed after reacting for 24 hours to indicate；Sucrose activity Phosphomolybdate Colorimetry, enzyme
Active unit is counted with (37 DEG C, for 24 hours) of reduced sugar mg/g dry ground；Catalase permanganimetric method, unit of enzyme activity
0.1 mol/LKMnO of post consumption is reacted in 25 DEG C, 20min with 1g soil sample4Solution ml indicates；Alkaline phosphatase phosphorus
Sour benzene disodium colorimetric method for determining, phenol (PhOH) milligram number that unit of enzyme activity is generated for 24 hours with every gram of soil indicate.Soil moisture content is used
Oven drying method measurement.Edaphon clump count is measured using colony counting method：Bacterium beef-protein medium culture 24
It is counted after hour；Fungi is counted with PDA culture medium culture；Actinomyces are counted using the culture of Gause I synthetic media.
Four, implementation column effect
(1) weeding cost and effect compare
Table 1 can obtain, interplanting vetch can efficient prevention and control low age kiwi fruit tree garden Weed infestation, significantly reduce low age Kiwi berry
The weeding cost in garden.Interplanting vetch only needs 100 yuan of herbicidal effects that can reach once and for all per acre；Artificial weeding is annual
It needs 3 times, totally 9 weeding costs reach 900 yuan per acre to the first three years, and herbicidal effect is poor.
1 low age kiwi fruit tree garden of table interplanting vetch cost and effect compare
(2) low age kiwi fruit tree garden interplants vetch plant growth condition
Table 2 can obtain, and interplanting vetch can effectively facilitate the growth of low age kiwi fruit plant, can promote plant increase, blade
Growth, the growth of stem thickening and bud.
2 low age kiwi fruit tree garden of table interplants vetch plant growth condition
(3) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden soil urease liveness
Table 3 can be seen that interplanting vetch significantly improves the activity of low age kiwi fruit plant rhizosphere soil urase, increase rate
Up to 22.03-38.56%.This illustrates that the activity of low age kiwi fruit plant soil urease can be improved by interplanting vetch.
The variation of the interplanting vetch Chinese gooseberry garden soil urease liveness of table 3
(4) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden Activities of Phosphatase in Soil
Activities of Phosphatase in Soil can characterize the fertility state of soil, especially phosphorus nourishing situation.Phosphatase can promote
Organic phosphorus ester hydrolysis is inorganic phosphate, can accelerate Organic phosphate Threshing injury, the validity of soil phosphorus be improved, to soil phophorus
The trans-utilization of element plays a significant role.The height of Activities of Phosphatase in Soil can reflect the supply situation of soil quick-effective phosphor, be
Reflect the important indicator of soil phosphorus bioconversion.Table 4 is as can be seen that interplanting vetch can significantly improve kiwi fruit garden mould
Phosphatase activity, and the constantly improve phosphatase activity of energy, relatively clear cultivated processing improve 19.65%~81.65%.
The variation of the interplanting vetch Chinese gooseberry garden Activities of Phosphatase in Soil of table 4
(5) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden soil invertase activity
Invertase is a kind of important enzyme that carbon cycle is participated in soil, is widely used in characterizing biochemistry mistake in soil
The trend and intensity of journey.Invertase plays an important role to ease of solubility nutriment in soil is increased, it can make sucrose hydrolysis
At glucose and fructose, it is converted into the nutriment that plant and microorganism can utilize.It is many study found that sucrase active with
The soil nutrient status such as organic C, full N, effective P have Close relation, and sucrase active is one of biological indicator of soil.It is real
It tests the result shows that (being shown in Table 5)：Kiwi fruit tree garden interplanting vetch can relatively compare the work for improving invertase in orchard soil of big degree
Property, it handles relatively and improves 9.98~26.75 percentage points, promote the sucrose hydrolysis in soil at glucose and fructose, favorably
Microorganism and kiwi fruit plant in soil absorb.
The variation of the interplanting vetch Chinese gooseberry garden soil invertase activity of table 5
(6) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden Activity of Catalase in Soil
The activity of Soil fixed NH_4+ can characterize geobiont oxidation process and redox energy to a certain extent
The power of power.The experimental results showed that (being shown in Table 6)：Interplanting vetch can improve the activity of catalase in soil, relatively clear to plough
5.48~26.42 percentage points can be improved, promotes hydrogen peroxide in soil to be decomposed into water and oxygen, is beneficial to prevent hydrogen peroxide
Toxic action to kiwi fruit plant.
The variation of the interplanting vetch Chinese gooseberry garden Activity of Catalase in Soil of table 6
(7) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden soil moisture content
The experimental results showed that (being shown in Table 7), interplanting vetch can improve the water content of soil, and relatively clear to plough control, plantation is wild
After pea processing, the water content of soil can be significantly improved, and can improve 37.46~47.13%.Due to vetch overburden soil table, have
Conducive to water moisture self restraint, when can reduce soil water evaporation again, significantly improve soil moisture content.Water content in soil improves
Afterwards, the drought-resistant ability of orchard soil can be improved.
Table 7 interplants variation of the vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden soil moisture content
(8) influence of the interplanting vetch to Chinese gooseberry garden edaphon
Edaphon is the chief component in soil ecosystem, is analyst and the substance of the ecosystem
The undertaker of circulation and energy exchange, thus it can be used as the important indicator for measuring soil fertility height.It lives
The actor of organism and substance conversion, their presence have the function of storing and adjust to plant nutrient, are that soil is organic
The index of the conversion of matter.
Table 8 shows the microorganism group in Chinese gooseberry garden in soil at based on actinomyces, and bacterium takes second place, fungi
At least.After intercropping in garden vetch, micro organism quantity increases in every gram of fresh soil, and bacterium, fungi and Population of Actinomycetes are all significantly high
Control treatment is ploughed in clear.After showing bright interplanting vetch, be conducive to the growth and breeding of the microorganisms such as actinomyces, fungi and bacterium.
It is low that these results disclose clearly cultivated the humus content of the soil, is unfavorable for microorganism growth, and soil can be improved by interplanting vetch
The content of organic matter in earth provides growth conditions for edaphon, and rhizobium leguminosarum is abundant, so that it is micro- to improve soil
Biological group quantity.
Table 8 interplants influence of the vetch to low age kiwi fruit tree garden soil microbe quantity
It is above specific application example of the invention, there are other embodiments of the invention, all to use equivalent replacement
Or the technical solution that equivalent transformation is formed, it all falls within protection scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth, it is characterised in that in low age macaque
Interplanting vetch is disseminated in peach orchard.
2. low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding according to claim 1 and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth, special
Sign is that disseminating interplanting vetch follows these steps to carry out：
(1) primary vaccination kiwi fruit tree garden is cut weeds：It cuts weeds 1 time in the 8-9 month full garden that Kiwi berry seed plants current year；
(2) vetch is disseminated：In 9-10 month full garden sow seeds vetch seed, after digged once with the full garden of rotary cultivator；
(3) post-broadcast management：When applying fertilizer every time to Kiwi berry, the native, fertilizer with tree disk after fertilising of the vetch seedling in tree disk is removed
Mixing backfill overlay tree disk；The vetch grown between kiwi fruit tree garden plant waits for that it runs its course, in the annual winter rotary tillage of low age phase
The rotary tillage of the garden Ji Quan is primary.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109874626A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-06-14 | 曲靖市农业科学院 | One inter-species makees the method that autumn sowing Freezed pea efficiently produces |
| CN110352821A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-22 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of red kiwi fruit interplanting lupin |
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| CN104542150A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏逸夏果园有限公司 | Soil management method for planting Chinese gooseberry |
| CN105815089A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州大学 | Method for improving enzyme activity of root soil of kiwi fruits and quality and yield of kiwi fruits |
| CN106718480A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry mulching and planting method |
| CN107493931A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improveing orchard soil |
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| CN103222380A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-31 | 杨显发 | Crop rotation method of fruit and grass |
| CN104542150A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏逸夏果园有限公司 | Soil management method for planting Chinese gooseberry |
| CN105815089A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州大学 | Method for improving enzyme activity of root soil of kiwi fruits and quality and yield of kiwi fruits |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |