CN104542150A - Soil management method for planting Chinese gooseberry - Google Patents
Soil management method for planting Chinese gooseberry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104542150A CN104542150A CN201410791987.3A CN201410791987A CN104542150A CN 104542150 A CN104542150 A CN 104542150A CN 201410791987 A CN201410791987 A CN 201410791987A CN 104542150 A CN104542150 A CN 104542150A
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- soil
- fertilizer
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- management method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil management method for planting Chinese gooseberry. The soil management method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ground management for improving the soil environment; (2) carrying out reasonable fertilization for increasing the nutrition of a root system; (3) carrying out in-time irrigation for maintaining the water content of soil. The soil management method for planting the Chinese gooseberry, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the soil fertility is increased through effective ground management and scientific fertilization, the utilization rate of fertilizer is increased, the water and soil loss is reduced, and the yield and the income are also enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to orchard soil administrative skill field, especially relate to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit.
Background technology
Soil is the loose surface layer on lithosphere surface, is the matrix of terrestrial plant life and the substrate of terrestrial animal life; Soil is not only plant and provides required nutrition and moisture, and is the habitat that soil animal depends on for existence.The formation of soil from just inseparable with the activity of biology, so always containing diversified biology in soil, as bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes, algae, protozoa, wheel animalcule, nematode, earthworm, mollusk and various arthropodss etc., minority higher mammal (as mole etc.) all lives in soil throughout one's life.According to statistics, in little spoonful of soil, containing hundreds of millions bacteriums, if the mould comprised in 25 grams of forest humus soils is lined up one by one, its length can reach 11 kms; Visible, soil is biological and the very complicated complex of of abiotic environment, and the concept of soil always comprises the large number of biological lived in soil, and the activity of biology facilitates the formation of soil, and many eurypalynous biologies are lived among soil.So soil is called as the most important energy in the world, live on earth all terrestrial organisms and a part of marine organisms all directly or indirectly affect by soil.
It is the basic premise realizing producing that foster root strengthens tree, and the soil condition of the various factors stable coordination such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat, edaphon, more could be conducive to the performance of nutrient effect, promote the generation of root system and growth, and then the normal growth and development on top contentedly; Therefore, seeking and improve orchard soil quality and coordinate easy rational measures of fertilizer, is the Important Problems of orchard ecosystem sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problems referred to above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1. plant a soil management method for kiwi fruit, comprising:
(1) floor control, improves soil environment;
1. slaking is ploughed deeply in orchard: 2-3 Nian Shengyou garden, outwards ploughs deeply expansion dish year by year, and the degree of depth 30-40 ㎝ is advisable not injure root system, ploughs deeply tree crown bottom Tree-projection dish, the degree of depth 15 ㎝.Plough deeply at every turn or expand cave and will accomplish once and next time to connect;
2. intertill and clean tillage: carry out loose table soil in time, weeding preserves soil moisture;
3. orchard ground cover: perennial green manure plant such as plantation butch clover or Vicia sativa etc., the florescence cradles, and is covered in tree dish; Hillside, hilly ground orchard ground cover system, increase the soil organic matter, promotes water and soil conservation;
(2) rational application of fertilizer, increases root system nutrition;
1. treelet fertilising: after planting first 2 years, increases fertilizer application frequency, reduces each fertilizing amount;
2. base manure: after annual fruit picking fallen leaves, applies in conjunction with full garden of deep ploughing winter, orchard, and high-quality farmyard manure 50 ㎏, Sa Lefu 0.5 ㎏, Stanley composite fertilizer 0.3-0.5 ㎏, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg are executed in every strain, and bio-azotobacter fertilizer 0.1 ㎏, executes between hair root border;
3. topdress: by different growing, supply fruit tree fertilizer, point three supply fertilizer;
4. spray leaf fertilizer: utilize the feature that the large papery of kiwi fruit leaf easily absorbs, adopts the foliar fertilization method of quickness and high efficiency, point three fertilisings in period;
(3) pour water in time, keep soil moisture;
1. irrigation period and effect: February in early spring orchard pour water cooling, postpone germinate, prevent late frost from endangering; Pour water before blooming, favourable pollination and promotion young fruit expand fast; October in the mid-autumn pours water cooling in orchard, shortly stops raw, and anti-late frost, improves tree body cold hardiness; After early winter, basal dressing terminated, water is frozen in orchard embedding, improves ground temperature, protects root antifreeze;
2. draining: the timely draining in flooded sky, water-logged ground drainage trenching discharges ponding in time;
3. preserve soil moisture: arid area to cradle blue or green covering 5-August, or with improving straw mulching in the ranks, plough deeply in conjunction with winter, plough under in soil, increase the soil organic matter;
4. to dam retaining: hilly and mountainous land, plateau head are digged pit retaining, make up the deficiency of source of irrigation water during drought.
1. slaking ploughed deeply by the middle garden mould of described step (1), carries out, complete full garden and plough deeply vegetable soil in 3 years after annual fallen leaves before freezing.
1. middle First Year every strain organic fertilizer 20 ㎏, diammonium phosphate 0.2 ㎏, urea 0.2 ㎏ of described step (2); Second Year every strain organic fertilizer 25 ㎏, diammonium phosphate 0.4 ㎏, urea 0.4 ㎏.
The ②Zhong Quan garden of described step (2) can adopt radiation ditch spread, or apart from tree 1m annular groove, Ban Yuangou, bar ditch, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝ applies.
Described step (2) 3. in three fertilisings, for the first time, in upper, the middle ten days in March in first three week of Germination to Frondescent, under every strain crown mapping, loosely execute potassium chloride 0.5 ㎏, the shallow hoe of Sa Lefu 0.5 buries; For the second time, the early June of Post flowering, apart from tree 1m, open the ditch that 10-15 ㎝ are dark, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1-1.5 ㎏ containing N, P, K, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg; For the third time, the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1 ㎏ containing N, P, K, Sa Lefu 0.3kg.
Described step (2) 4. in the fertilising of three phases, the first phase, spray in 10-15 days boracic before blooming, and containing the foliage fertilizer of somatotropin, also can spray the natural pond liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed; The second phase applies fertilizer, mid or late June of Fruit and August early and middle ten days, each spray once containing the organic foliar fertilizer of somatotropin containing various trace elements, promotes expanding rapidly of fruit, improves fruit quality, meets tree body to the needs of various trace element; The third phase, fall leaves in 10 months of first 20 days after fruit picking, the last ten-days period spray a foliage fertilizer or antifreezing agent to supplement the fruit tree later stage de-fertile, propose Gao Shuti and to survive the winter cold tolerance.
Described step (3) 2. in drainage trenching 1 between every 3-4 row trees, or adopt high ridge culture, ground moistening and not ponding.
Embodiment
1. plant a soil management method for kiwi fruit, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) floor control, improves soil environment;
1. slaking is ploughed deeply in orchard: 2-3 Nian Shengyou garden, outwards ploughs deeply expansion dish year by year, and the degree of depth 30-40 ㎝ is advisable not injure root system, ploughs deeply tree crown bottom Tree-projection dish, the degree of depth 15 ㎝.Plough deeply at every turn or expand cave and will accomplish once and next time to connect.Complete full garden in 3 years and plough deeply vegetable soil, this is long carries out after annual fallen leaves before freezing;
2. intertill and clean tillage: carry out loose table soil in time, weeding preserves soil moisture;
3. orchard ground cover: perennial green manure plant such as plantation butch clover or Vicia sativa etc., the florescence cradles, and is covered in tree dish.Hillside, hilly ground orchard ground cover system, increase the soil organic matter, promotes water and soil conservation;
(2) rational application of fertilizer, increases root system nutrition;
1. treelet fertilising: after planting first 2 years, increases fertilizer application frequency, reduces each fertilizing amount;
2. base manure: after annual fruit picking fallen leaves, apply in conjunction with full garden of deep ploughing winter, orchard, or adopt radiation ditch spread, or apart from tree 1m annular groove, Ban Yuangou, bar ditch, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝ applies, and high-quality farmyard manure 50 ㎏, Sa Lefu 0.5 ㎏, Stanley composite fertilizer 0.3-0.5 ㎏, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg are executed in every strain, bio-azotobacter fertilizer 0.1 ㎏, executes between hair root border;
3. topdress: by different growing, supply fruit tree fertilizer, divides three times; For the first time, the March in first three week of Germination to Frondescent goes up, the middle ten days, and under every strain crown mapping, fall apart and execute potassium chloride 0.5 ㎏, the shallow hoe of Sa Lefu 0.5 buries; For the second time, the early June of Post flowering, apart from tree 1m, open the ditch that 10-15 ㎝ are dark, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1-1.5 ㎏ containing N, P, K, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg; For the third time, the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1 ㎏ containing N, P, K, Sa Lefu 0.3kg;
4. spray leaf fertilizer: utilize the feature that the large papery of kiwi fruit leaf easily absorbs, adopts the foliar fertilization method of quickness and high efficiency; Divide three periods, the first phase, spray in 10-15 days boracic before blooming, and containing the foliage fertilizer of somatotropin, also can spray the natural pond liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed; The second phase, mid or late June of Fruit and August early and middle ten days, each spray once containing the organic foliar fertilizer of somatotropin containing various trace elements, promotes expanding rapidly of fruit, improves fruit quality, meets tree body to the needs of various trace element; The third phase, fall leaves in 10 months of first 20 days after fruit picking, the last ten-days period spray a foliage fertilizer or antifreezing agent to supplement the fruit tree later stage de-fertile, propose Gao Shuti and to survive the winter cold tolerance;
(3) pour water in time, keep soil moisture;
1. irrigation period and effect: during arid, blade starts to wilt, and pours water during application, with sprinkling irrigation, furrow irrigation, drip irrigation, full garden flood irrigation; February in early spring orchard pour water cooling, postpone germinate, prevent late frost from endangering; Pour water before blooming, favourable pollination and promotion young fruit expand fast; October in the mid-autumn pours water cooling in orchard, shortly stops raw, and anti-late frost, improves tree body cold hardiness; After early winter, basal dressing terminated, water is frozen in orchard embedding, improves ground temperature, protects root antifreeze;
2. draining: the timely draining in flooded sky, water-logged ground drainage trenching discharges ponding in time.Drainage trenching 1 between every 3-4 row trees, or adopt high ridge culture, ground moistening and not ponding;
3. preserve soil moisture: arid area to cradle blue or green covering 5-August, or with improving straw mulching in the ranks, plough deeply in conjunction with winter, plough under in soil, increase the soil organic matter;
4. to dam retaining: hilly and mountainous land, plateau head are digged pit retaining, make up the deficiency of source of irrigation water during drought.
Claims (7)
1. plant a soil management method for kiwi fruit, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) floor control, improves soil environment;
1. slaking is ploughed deeply in orchard: 2-3 Nian Shengyou garden, outwards ploughs deeply expansion dish year by year, and the degree of depth 30-40 ㎝ is advisable not injure root system, ploughs deeply tree crown bottom Tree-projection dish, the degree of depth 15 ㎝, ploughs deeply at every turn or expands cave and will accomplish once and next time to connect;
2. intertill and clean tillage: carry out loose table soil in time, weeding preserves soil moisture;
3. orchard ground cover: perennial green manure plant such as plantation butch clover or Vicia sativa etc., the florescence cradles, and is covered in tree dish; Hillside, hilly ground orchard ground cover system, increase the soil organic matter, promotes water and soil conservation;
(2) rational application of fertilizer, increases root system nutrition;
1. treelet fertilising: after planting first 2 years, increases fertilizer application frequency, reduces each fertilizing amount;
2. base manure: after annual fruit picking fallen leaves, applies in conjunction with full garden of deep ploughing winter, orchard, and high-quality farmyard manure 50 ㎏, Sa Lefu 0.5 ㎏, Stanley composite fertilizer 0.3-0.5 ㎏, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg are executed in every strain, and bio-azotobacter fertilizer 0.1 ㎏, executes between hair root border;
3. topdress: by different growing, supply fruit tree fertilizer, point three supply fertilizer;
4. spray leaf fertilizer: utilize the feature that the large papery of kiwi fruit leaf easily absorbs, adopts the foliar fertilization method of quickness and high efficiency, point three fertilisings in period;
(3) pour water in time, keep soil moisture;
1. irrigation period and effect: February in early spring orchard pour water cooling, postpone germinate, prevent late frost from endangering; Pour water before blooming, favourable pollination and promotion young fruit expand fast; October in the mid-autumn pours water cooling in orchard, shortly stops raw, and anti-late frost, improves tree body cold hardiness; After early winter, basal dressing terminated, water is frozen in orchard embedding, improves ground temperature, protects root antifreeze;
2. draining: the timely draining in flooded sky, water-logged ground drainage trenching discharges ponding in time;
3. preserve soil moisture: arid area to cradle blue or green covering 5-August, or with improving straw mulching in the ranks, plough deeply in conjunction with winter, plough under in soil, increase the soil organic matter;
4. to dam retaining: hilly and mountainous land, plateau head are digged pit retaining, make up the deficiency of source of irrigation water during drought.
2. according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: slaking ploughed deeply by the 1. middle garden mould of described step (1), carries out, complete full garden and plough deeply vegetable soil in 3 years after annual fallen leaves before freezing.
3. according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: 1. middle First Year every strain organic fertilizer 20 ㎏, diammonium phosphate 0.2 ㎏, urea 0.2 ㎏ of described step (2); Second Year every strain organic fertilizer 25 ㎏, diammonium phosphate 0.4 ㎏, urea 0.4 ㎏.
4. according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ②Zhong Quan garden of described step (2) can adopt radiation ditch spread, or apart from tree 1m annular groove, Ban Yuangou, bar ditch, ditch depth 10-15 ㎝ applies.
5., according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) 3. in three times fertilising, for the first time, the March in first three week of Germination to Frondescent goes up, the middle ten days, under every strain crown mapping, fall apart and execute potassium chloride 0.5 ㎏, the shallow hoe of Sa Lefu 0.5 buries; For the second time, the early June of Post flowering, apart from tree 1m, open the ditch that 10-15 ㎝ are dark, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1-1.5 ㎏ containing N, P, K, boron magnesium iron zinc calcium 0.3kg; For the third time, the middle ten days and the last ten days moon, every strain applies Special fruit tree composite fertilizer 1 ㎏ containing N, P, K, Sa Lefu 0.3kg.
6. according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) 4. in three the phases fertilising, the first phase, before blooming 10-15 days spray a boracic, and not containing the foliage fertilizer of somatotropin, the natural pond liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed also can be sprayed; The second phase applies fertilizer, mid or late June of Fruit and August early and middle ten days, each spray once containing the organic foliar fertilizer of somatotropin containing various trace elements, promotes expanding rapidly of fruit, improves fruit quality, meets tree body to the needs of various trace element; The third phase, fall leaves in 10 months of first 20 days after fruit picking, the last ten-days period spray a foliage fertilizer or antifreezing agent to supplement the fruit tree later stage de-fertile, propose Gao Shuti and to survive the winter cold tolerance.
7., according to a kind of soil management method of planting kiwi fruit described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) 2. in drainage trenching 1 between every 3-4 row trees, or adopt high ridge culture, ground moistening and not ponding.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123400A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for orchard weed management |
| CN105144892A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Soil improvement method for reducing volume weight of soil |
| CN105359919A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for reducing runoff loss of soil phosphorus in juicy peach garden and improving quality of juicy peaches |
| CN105580687A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-18 | 山东农业大学 | Soil fertility fertilizing method for planting vicia villosa in orchard |
| CN105613190A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-01 | 覃仁举 | Method for cultivating kiwi fruits |
| CN106613061A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-05-10 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Method capable of increasing effective pollination time for furrow cultivation |
| CN106718480A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry mulching and planting method |
| CN107047211A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 四川华胜农业股份有限公司 | A kind of macaque Taoshan District implantation methods |
| CN107155775A (en) * | 2017-06-04 | 2017-09-15 | 贵州村华秋实现代生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of red kiwifruit |
| CN107371970A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-24 | 朱继宏 | Exempt from Cover with weed technology of deep ploughing for Chinese gooseberry garden |
| CN108029434A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 薛凤梧 | A kind of method of theatre sward soil moisture conservation |
| CN108191489A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-22 | 陕西省农村科技开发中心 | The fertilizing method of Kiwi berry plantation |
| CN108901542A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 贵州大学 | A kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth |
| CN110476735A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of orchard ground cover implantation methods |
| CN111567177A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-25 | 六安市农业科学研究院 | Method for restoring kiwi fruit garden soil |
| CN111869389A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-03 | 陕西汉唐农业标准化研究院有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation scheme for fertilizing kiwi fruits |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123400A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for orchard weed management |
| CN105144892A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Soil improvement method for reducing volume weight of soil |
| CN105359919A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for reducing runoff loss of soil phosphorus in juicy peach garden and improving quality of juicy peaches |
| CN105580687B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-07-06 | 山东农业大学 | The culture fertility method of orchard planting hairy vetch |
| CN105580687A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-18 | 山东农业大学 | Soil fertility fertilizing method for planting vicia villosa in orchard |
| CN105613190A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-01 | 覃仁举 | Method for cultivating kiwi fruits |
| CN106613061A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-05-10 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Method capable of increasing effective pollination time for furrow cultivation |
| CN106718480A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry mulching and planting method |
| CN107047211A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 四川华胜农业股份有限公司 | A kind of macaque Taoshan District implantation methods |
| CN107155775A (en) * | 2017-06-04 | 2017-09-15 | 贵州村华秋实现代生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of red kiwifruit |
| CN107371970A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-24 | 朱继宏 | Exempt from Cover with weed technology of deep ploughing for Chinese gooseberry garden |
| CN108029434A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 薛凤梧 | A kind of method of theatre sward soil moisture conservation |
| CN108191489A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-22 | 陕西省农村科技开发中心 | The fertilizing method of Kiwi berry plantation |
| CN108901542A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 贵州大学 | A kind of low age kiwi fruit tree garden weeding and improvement soil and the method for promoting plant strain growth |
| CN110476735A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of orchard ground cover implantation methods |
| CN111567177A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-25 | 六安市农业科学研究院 | Method for restoring kiwi fruit garden soil |
| CN111869389A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-03 | 陕西汉唐农业标准化研究院有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation scheme for fertilizing kiwi fruits |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |