CN113728776A - Balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree - Google Patents
Balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN113728776A CN113728776A CN202111146567.6A CN202111146567A CN113728776A CN 113728776 A CN113728776 A CN 113728776A CN 202111146567 A CN202111146567 A CN 202111146567A CN 113728776 A CN113728776 A CN 113728776A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- tree
- goldenrain
- fertilization
- landscaping
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- 241000167847 Koelreuteria paniculata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical group C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000064622 Physalis edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001093760 Sapindaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- BMWPBKOFJSHJAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Saponin B Natural products CC1(C)CCC2(CCC3(C)C(=CCC4C5(C)CCC(OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O)C6=O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C)C2C1)C(=O)O BMWPBKOFJSHJAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/04—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing calcium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of garden tree cultivation and fertilization and discloses a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees. The method comprises the steps of respectively matching the nutrient content of soil of an ornamental tree sample plot, the demand of the soil in the environment for fertilizer supply and the growth adaptability of various fertilizers to trees, and carrying out balanced fertilization by adopting a mode of combining tree age segmentation with scattered fertilization and/or combining tree age segmentation with annular fertilization. The method can not only supply various nutrients required by the growth and development process of the goldenrain tree in a balanced manner, promote the normal growth of the goldenrain tree and improve the yield and the quality of the goldenrain tree, but also ensure that various fertilizers are reasonably applied, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved while the using amount of the fertilizers is reduced, the production cost is greatly saved, and the economic benefit is improved. The survival rate of the trees is improved by 3 percent, the survival rate of new buds and green leaves on branches is improved by 5 percent, the disease and insect resistance is improved by 5 percent, and the fertilizing efficiency is improved under the condition that the fertilizing amount is reduced by 20 percent compared with the traditional fertilizing amount.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garden tree cultivation and fertilization, and particularly relates to a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees.
Background
Goldenrain tree (scientific name: Koelreuteria paniculata), alias: mu Luan, Koelreuteria paniculata, Sapindaceae, Koelreuteria. Is deciduous arbor or shrub; bark is thick, grey brown to grey black, and longitudinal splitting in old age; the skin hole is small, and the color is uncovered when the skin hole is dark; the small branch has wart points, and is crinkled with short, soft or hairless with the leaf axis and the leaf stalk. The tender leaves of the goldenrain tree in spring are mostly red leaves, the goldenrain tree in summer turns yellow in color, the fruit is purplish red, is similar to a lantern in shape and is very beautiful; the goldenrain tree has strong adaptability and obvious season, and is an ideal greening and foliage tree species. It is suitable for house tree, street tree and garden tree, and goldenrain tree is also good tree species for planting in industrial polluted area. The Koelreuteria paniculata is used as a shade tree, a street tree and a garden tree in spring, summer and autumn and winter, and also used as a greening tree species in residential areas, factory areas and villages. The goldenrain tree can be used to extract tannin extract, flower can be used as yellow dye, and seed can be used to extract oil. The wood is yellow-white, is easy to process and can be made into furniture; the leaves can be used as blue dye, the flowers can be used for medicine, and the leaves can also be used as yellow dye. The fruit contains sterol, saponin, flavonoid glycoside, anthocyanin, tannin and polyuronic acid. Saponin A and Saponin B are separated from the saponin. The dried seeds contain 9.4% of water, 17.5% of crude protein, 0.045% of lecithin phosphate, 7.0% of starch, 9.0% of ash and 20.9% of lipid. The kernel contains 38% of oil, and sterol and palmitic acid are separated after saponification. The leaf contains gallic acid methyl ester, and has inhibitory effect on various bacteria and fungi.
Goldenrain tree grows in calcium-based soil generated by limestone weathering, is cold-resistant, is only distributed in the yellow river basin and the downstream of the Yangtze river basin in China, is rare in the north of the sea river basin, and cannot grow in a laterite area with silicon-based acidity. Goldenrain tree germinates late in spring and leaves fall early in autumn, so that the growth period is short every year, the goldenrain tree grows slowly, wood can only be used for manufacturing small appliances, and seeds can be used for squeezing industrial oil.
Goldenrain tree is a plant which is pleased to light and slightly resistant to half shade; cold resistance; but the planting method is not resistant to flooding, pays attention to soil for planting, is drought-resistant and barren, has strong adaptability to the environment, is favored to grow in calcareous soil, and is resistant to salinization and short-term waterlogging. Koelreuteria paniculata has deep root, strong tillering capacity, moderate growth speed, slow growth of young trees, gradual growth later and strong smoke resistance. In the original area, particularly, xuchang 37154, most of the tombs are planted.
The wind resistance is strong, the low temperature of 25 ℃ below zero can be resisted, and the wind resistance has strong resistance to dust, sulfur dioxide and ozone. The high-altitude grains are mostly distributed in low mountains and plains with the altitude of 1500 meters or less, and the maximum altitude can reach 2600 meters.
Goldenrain tree, which can occupy october in one year. The branches and leaves of the tree are luxuriant and beautiful in spring, and the leaves are bright red and lovely; in summer, the leaves are gradually green, and the yellow flowers are full of trees, so that the leaves are resplendent and magnificent; in autumn, summer flowers fall out, and then capsule branches are full of, such as calyx seu fructus physalis, and are colorful. The excellent tree is a greening landscape tree of the top grade.
Goldenrain tree can be used as urban landscape tree, and goldenrain fruit can be used as Buddha bead, so temple is cultivated.
The goldenrain tree has less pest and disease damage, easy cultivation and management, deep cultivating soil and optimal moist soil. Mainly seeding and propagating, tillering or root cutting, and properly cutting the main root and the thick lateral root during transplanting, so that multiple fibrous roots can be promoted and survival is easy. Harvesting in autumn when the fruit is ripe, and timely drying and shelling. Because the seed coat is hard and not easy to permeate water, if the seed coat is not treated, the seed coat does not sprout in spring sowing in the next year, so the seed coat can be removed in autumn for sowing, and the seed coat can be laminated by wet sand for spring sowing. Because the trunk of the goldenrain tree is not easy to grow straight, stumping and trunk cutting are needed during the first transplantation, and fertilizer and water management is enhanced. Shoots are germinated from the base part in spring, and straight and robust plants are selected and cultured into trunks, so that the trunks grow quickly and are straight. The first cut-off can not meet the requirement, and the cut-off treatment can be carried out in the spring of the second year. Transplanting every 3 years, wherein the main root and the thick lateral root are cut off properly to promote new root. The young Koelreuteria paniculata trees grow slowly, and the dense planting is suitable for the first two times of transplantation, so that the straight main trunk can be cultured conveniently, and the land is saved. After that, the tree crown should be properly thinned and well cultivated.
Related technologies are mostly fertilization methods and cultivation methods for seedling raising and breeding. Due to different growth histories of plant varieties and different species of each family, a great deal of fertilization is mainly used for the transplanted tree varieties, and in addition, various treatment modes such as a large amount of acid rain in south China of Yangtze river and an acidic state of soil have great influence on the ecological environment due to the change of the environment.
The main scheme is a balanced fertilization method aiming at reducing the fertilization amount, reducing the soil acidity state, and improving the fertilization efficiency and the fertilizer absorption capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting sample data: dividing sample areas of the samples by a sample method, measuring the tree age of the samples in each sample area, and recording and classifying and analyzing;
(2) measuring the soil nutrient content of each sample plot;
(3) and (3) soil fertilization: applying a rooting and growth promoting fertilizer aiming at the growth period of the young trees; applying a solvent and a fertilizer for amplification to the tree aged in the rapid amplification stage; applying a fixed fertilizer to the trees aged in the growth stable period;
during the fertilization, a mode of combining tree age segmentation with scattered fertilization and/or a mode of combining tree age segmentation with annular fertilization is adopted.
The scattered point fertilization mode is that a vertical hole of about 30cm is drilled on the soil, the soil is taken out, then a mixed matrix consisting of the fertilizer, the backfill soil and the air permeable matrix is filled, and a distance of 5-10cm is reserved from the ground after treading. The vertical holes are used for watering, backfilling original soil and planting the dug lawn or ground cover, and the nearest layer of vertical holes at the hole punching position (according to the size of the nursery stock) is about 20-30cm away from the edge of the soil ball. Except for single layer, the vertical holes in each direction are connected into one to reduce the damage to the root system, and the vertical holes can be divided into 1-6 layers and 3-16 (in the hole punching direction) according to the specification of the nursery stock and the actual condition of the nursery stock. The multi-level scattered point type fertilization is used for years at a time.
The annular fertilization mode is to dig an annular ditch along the edge of the tree crown, wherein the width of the ditch is 40-50 cm, and the depth of the ditch is 30-40 cm.
And when the soil nutrient content of each sample plot is measured, a soil drill is used for taking soil, the force is applied uniformly when the soil drill is drilled downwards, the soil drill is kept vertical to the ground level, the taken complete and blocky soil body is taken, the soil with the plough layer of 20-30cm is taken, and the collected soil is processed and analyzed by a soil nutrient detector to obtain the component proportion.
Preferably, the tree age in the juvenile growth period comprises the tree age, which means that the number of annual rings is 1-3 years.
The tree age can be judged by adopting an annual ring drill, drilling a position 1.3m away from the bottom of the root, and judging the annual ring of the tree through a ring layer on a tree core obtained by the annual ring drill, namely the tree age.
Preferably, the rooting and growth promoting fertilizer is formed by mixing a nitrogen fertilizer, wormcast and 20-25% of organic fertilizer;
the organic fertilizer is obtained by crushing 30-40% of bean dregs or bean cakes, adding 10-20% of grass, livestock and poultry excrement and 5-8% of plant ash, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the temperature of not less than 80 ℃;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises one or more of urea, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride;
the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer to the wormcast is 1-2: 6-10: 3-5.
Preferably, the tree age in the rapid expansion phase comprises the tree age, which means that the number of annual rings is 4-7 years.
Preferably, the fertilizer for amplification is formed by mixing 60-90% of compound fertilizer and 75-80% of organic fertilizer;
the compound fertilizer is humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.
Preferably, the solvent is water to which a sterilizing agent is added.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the sterilizing agent to the water in the solvent is 0.3-0.5: 2.
Preferably, the tree age in the growth stable period comprises the tree age, and the number of annual rounds is 8-15 years.
Preferably, the fixed fertilizer comprises 60-80% of phosphate fertilizer, 60-80% of potassium fertilizer, 20-30% of calcium fertilizer and 50-70% of biological fertilizer which are mixed to obtain the fertilizer;
the phosphate fertilizer comprises phosphorus pentoxide and/or diamine phosphate;
the potassium fertilizer comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate and/or potassium chloride;
the calcium fertilizer is calcium superphosphate;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-10% of bamboo vinegar, 1-15% of humic acid, 1-10% of microbial agent, 2-10% of calcium nitrate and 1-20% of urea.
Preferably, the land area is 3 × 3m2Or 5X 5m2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees, which is characterized in that balanced fertilization is carried out by respectively matching nutrient components of soil of a garden tree sample plot, the requirement of the soil in the environment for fertilizer supply and the growth adaptability of various fertilizers to trees, and adopting a mode of combining tree age sections with scattered point fertilization and/or combining the tree age sections with annular fertilization.
The raw material selection and the dosage proportion of various fertilizers in the balanced fertilization method can meet the absorption and utilization efficiency of various nutrient components in the growth process of the goldenrain tree, and the nutrients of the soil are improved by maintaining a higher soil fertility level, so that the goldenrain tree grows to be high in quality and efficiency.
The balanced fertilization method can not only supply various nutrients required by the growth and development process of the goldenrain tree in a balanced manner, promote the normal growth of the goldenrain tree and improve the yield and the quality of the goldenrain tree, but also ensure that various fertilizers are reasonably applied, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved while the use amount of the fertilizers is reduced, the production cost is greatly saved, and the economic benefit is improved.
The cultivation of trees by the balanced fertilization method can obviously improve the survival rate of trees by 3 percent, improve the storage amount of new buds and green leaves on branches by 5 percent, improve the disease and insect resistance by 5 percent, obviously improve the fertilization efficiency under the condition that the fertilization amount is reduced by 20 percent compared with the traditional fertilization amount, save the time cost and the labor cost and ensure the healthy growth of trees.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples, which are set forth to illustrate the present invention, are intended to be part of the present invention, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The reagents used are all conventional products which are commercially available.
Example 1:
a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting sample data: dividing the sample area by sample method, measuring each 3 × 3m2And (4) recording the tree ages of the samples in the sample plot, and classifying and analyzing the samples.
The tree age can be judged by adopting an annual ring drill, drilling a position 1.3m away from the bottom of the root, and judging the annual ring of the tree through a ring layer on a tree core obtained by the annual ring drill, namely the tree age.
(2) The soil nutrient content of each plot was determined.
And when the soil nutrient content of each sample plot is measured, a soil drill is used for taking soil, the force is applied uniformly when the soil drill is drilled downwards, the soil drill is kept vertical to the ground level, the taken complete and blocky soil body is taken, the soil with the plough layer of 20-30cm is taken, and the collected soil is processed and analyzed by a soil nutrient detector to obtain the component proportion.
(3) And (3) soil fertilization: applying rooting growth promoting fertilizer for the growth period of young trees.
And applying a solvent and a fertilizer for amplification to the tree aged in the rapid amplification stage.
And applying a fixed fertilizer to the trees aged in the growth stable period.
During the fertilization, a mode of combining tree age segmentation and scattered fertilization is adopted.
(1) And the tree age is in the juvenile growth period: the annual rings are 1-3 years.
The fertilizer for promoting rooting and growth is prepared by mixing urea, wormcast and 20% of organic fertilizer.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by crushing 30% of bean dregs or bean cakes, adding 20% of grass, livestock and poultry excrement and 5% of plant ash, mixing uniformly, and fermenting at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃.
Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and wormcast, the mass ratio is 1-2: 6-10: 3-5.
(2) The number of the annual rounds of the tree ages in the rapid amplification period is 4-7 years.
The fertilizer for amplification is formed by mixing 60% of compound fertilizer and 80% of organic fertilizer;
the compound fertilizer is humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.
The solvent is water added with a sterilizing agent.
The volume ratio of the sterilizing agent to the water in the solvent is 0.3-0.5: 2.
(3) The number of annual rounds of the tree age in the stable growth period including the tree age is 8-15 years.
The fixed fertilizer comprises 60% of phosphate fertilizer, 60% of potash fertilizer, 20% of calcium fertilizer and 70% of biological fertilizer which are mixed;
the phosphate fertilizer is phosphorus pentoxide;
the potassium fertilizer is monopotassium phosphate;
the calcium fertilizer is calcium superphosphate;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1% of bamboo vinegar, 15% of humic acid, 10% of microbial agent, 2% of calcium nitrate and 20% of urea.
Example 2:
a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting sample data: dividing the sample area by sample method, and measuring each sample area with a size of 5 × 5m2And (4) recording the tree ages of the samples in the sample plot, and classifying and analyzing the samples.
(2) The soil nutrient content of each plot was determined.
(3) And (3) soil fertilization: applying rooting growth promoting fertilizer for the growth period of young trees.
And applying a solvent and a fertilizer for amplification to the tree aged in the rapid amplification stage.
And applying a fixed fertilizer to the trees aged in the growth stable period.
During the fertilization, a mode of combining tree age segmentation and scattered fertilization is adopted.
(1) And the tree age is in the juvenile growth period: the annual rings are 1-3 years.
The fertilizer for promoting rooting and growth is prepared by mixing ammonium nitrate, wormcast and 25% of organic fertilizer.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by crushing 40% of bean dregs or bean cakes, adding 10% of grass, livestock and poultry excrement and 8% of plant ash, mixing uniformly, and fermenting at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃.
Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and wormcast, the mass ratio is 1-2: 6-10: 3-5.
(2) The number of the annual rounds of the tree ages in the rapid amplification period is 4-7 years.
The fertilizer for amplification is formed by mixing 90% of compound fertilizer and 75% of organic fertilizer;
the compound fertilizer is humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.
The solvent is water added with a sterilizing agent.
The volume ratio of the sterilizing agent to the water in the solvent is 0.3-0.5: 2.
(3) The number of annual rounds of the tree age in the stable growth period including the tree age is 8-15 years.
The fixed fertilizer comprises 80% of phosphate fertilizer, 80% of potash fertilizer, 30% of calcium fertilizer and 50% of biological fertilizer which are mixed;
the phosphate fertilizer is phosphoric diamine;
the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride;
the calcium fertilizer is calcium superphosphate;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing 10% of bamboo vinegar, 1% of humic acid, 1% of microbial agent, 10% of calcium nitrate and 20% of urea.
Example 3:
a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting sample data: dividing the sample area by sample method, and measuring each sample area with a size of 5 × 5m2And (4) recording the tree ages of the samples in the sample plot, and classifying and analyzing the samples.
(2) The soil nutrient content of each plot was determined.
(3) And (3) soil fertilization: applying rooting growth promoting fertilizer for the growth period of young trees.
And applying a solvent and a fertilizer for amplification to the tree aged in the rapid amplification stage.
And applying a fixed fertilizer to the trees aged in the growth stable period.
During the fertilization, a mode of combining tree age segmentation and scattered fertilization is adopted.
(1) And the tree age is in the juvenile growth period: the annual rings are 1-3 years.
The fertilizer for promoting rooting and growth is prepared by mixing sodium nitrate, wormcast and 25% of organic fertilizer.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by crushing 30-40% of bean dregs or bean cakes, adding 10-20% of grass, livestock and poultry excrement and 5-8% of plant ash, mixing uniformly, and fermenting at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃.
Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and wormcast, the mass ratio is 1-2: 6-10: 3-5.
(2) The number of the annual rounds of the tree ages in the rapid amplification period is 4-7 years.
The fertilizer for amplification is formed by mixing 60-90% of compound fertilizer and 75% of organic fertilizer;
the compound fertilizer is humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.
The solvent is water added with a sterilizing agent.
The volume ratio of the sterilizing agent to the water in the solvent is 0.3-0.5: 2.
(3) The number of annual rounds of the tree age in the stable growth period including the tree age is 8-15 years.
The fixed fertilizer comprises 60-80% of phosphate fertilizer, 60-80% of potash fertilizer, 20-30% of calcium fertilizer and 50-70% of biological fertilizer which are mixed to obtain the fertilizer;
the phosphate fertilizer is phosphoric diamine;
the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride;
the calcium fertilizer is calcium superphosphate;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing 10% of bamboo vinegar, 15% of humic acid, 10% of microbial agent, 2% of calcium nitrate and 1% of urea.
The invention provides a balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees, which is characterized in that balanced fertilization is carried out by respectively matching nutrient components of soil of a garden tree sample plot, the requirement of the soil in the environment for fertilizer supply and the growth adaptability of various fertilizers to trees, and adopting a mode of combining tree age sections with scattered point fertilization and/or combining the tree age sections with annular fertilization.
The raw material selection and the dosage proportion of various fertilizers in the balanced fertilization method can meet the absorption and utilization efficiency of various nutrient components in the growth process of the goldenrain tree, and the nutrients of the soil are improved by maintaining a higher soil fertility level, so that the goldenrain tree grows to be high in quality and efficiency.
The balanced fertilization method can not only supply various nutrients required by the growth and development process of the goldenrain tree in a balanced manner, promote the normal growth of the goldenrain tree and improve the yield and the quality of the goldenrain tree, but also ensure that various fertilizers are reasonably applied, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved while the use amount of the fertilizers is reduced, the production cost is greatly saved, and the economic benefit is improved.
The cultivation of trees by the balanced fertilization method can obviously improve the survival rate of trees by 3 percent, improve the storage amount of new buds and green leaves on branches by 5 percent, improve the disease and insect resistance by 5 percent, obviously improve the fertilization efficiency under the condition that the fertilization amount is reduced by 20 percent compared with the traditional fertilization amount, save the time cost and the labor cost and ensure the healthy growth of trees.
The present invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the present invention, and the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. The above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made to some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the present invention, and at the same time, such modifications or substitutions may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting sample data: dividing sample areas of the samples by a sample method, measuring the tree age of the samples in each sample area, and recording and classifying and analyzing;
(2) measuring the soil nutrient content of each sample plot;
(3) and (3) soil fertilization: applying a rooting and growth promoting fertilizer aiming at the growth period of the young trees; applying a solvent and a fertilizer for amplification to the tree aged in the rapid amplification stage; applying a fixed fertilizer to the trees aged in the growth stable period;
during the fertilization, a mode of combining tree age segmentation with scattered fertilization and/or a mode of combining tree age segmentation with annular fertilization is adopted.
2. The balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree as defined in claim 1, wherein the age of the tree in the juvenile growth period comprises 1-3 years of annual rings.
3. The balanced fertilization method of the landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rooting and growth promoting fertilizer is prepared by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, wormcast and 20-25% organic fertilizer;
the organic fertilizer is obtained by crushing 30-40% of bean dregs or bean cakes, adding 10-20% of grass, livestock and poultry excrement and 5-8% of plant ash, uniformly mixing, and fermenting at the temperature of not less than 80 ℃;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises one or more of urea, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride;
the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer to the wormcast is 1-2: 6-10: 3-5.
4. The balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the age of the tree in the rapid expansion phase comprises 4-7 years of age rounds.
5. The balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer for amplification is prepared by mixing 60-90% compound fertilizer and 75-80% organic fertilizer;
the compound fertilizer is humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.
6. The balanced fertilization method for afforesting goldenrain trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent is water added with a sterilizing agent.
7. The balanced fertilization method of a landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of the bactericidal agent to water in the solvent is 0.3-0.5: 2.
8. The balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the age of the tree in the growth stabilization period comprises 8-15 years of annual rings.
9. The balanced fertilization method for landscaping goldenrain tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises 60-80% of phosphate fertilizer, 60-80% of potash fertilizer, 20-30% of calcium fertilizer and 50-70% of bio-fertilizer;
the phosphate fertilizer comprises phosphorus pentoxide and/or diamine phosphate;
the potassium fertilizer comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate and/or potassium chloride;
the calcium fertilizer is calcium superphosphate;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-10% of bamboo vinegar, 1-15% of humic acid, 1-10% of microbial agent, 2-10% of calcium nitrate and 1-20% of urea.
10. According to claim1 the balanced fertilization method of the landscaping goldenrain tree is characterized in that the sample area is 3 x 3m2Or 5X 5m2。
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