CN113575248A - Fig seedling cultivation method - Google Patents
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- CN113575248A CN113575248A CN202110771699.1A CN202110771699A CN113575248A CN 113575248 A CN113575248 A CN 113575248A CN 202110771699 A CN202110771699 A CN 202110771699A CN 113575248 A CN113575248 A CN 113575248A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclostrobin Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C=C1 HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-(1h-indol-2-yl)butanoate Chemical compound [K+].C1=CC=C2NC(CCCC(=O)[O-])=CC2=C1 AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fig planting, and particularly discloses a fig seedling cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step S1, pruning, namely selecting a thick and strong fig branch to prune, and pruning two joints on the fig branch; step S2, soaking, namely soaking the trimmed fig branches in a cultivation liquid for 30 minutes; step S3, cutting, namely inserting the soaked fig branches into cultivation cups filled with peat soil within a set angle range, and then sequentially placing the cultivation cups into a sunshade; step S4, sterilizing, namely spraying a round of pyraclostrobin into the sunshade, and covering the sunshade with a film and a sunshade net after the spraying is finished; and S5, watering, namely watering the cultivating cup to keep the humidity of the peat soil at 30%, controlling the temperature in the sunshade to be 16-23 ℃, and controlling the shading rate of the sunshade to be 80%. The method has the advantages of simple cultivation process, short cultivation period, high cultivation efficiency and high seedling survival rate, and is suitable for large-area planting and popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fig planting, in particular to a fig seedling cultivation method.
Background
Fig (Ficus carica Linn.) is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Ficus of the family moriaceae, mainly growing in some tropical and temperate areas, and belonging to the subtropical deciduous small trees. Eight hundred varieties of fig are currently known. Besides fresh food and medicine, the fig can also be processed into dried fruit, preserved fruit, jam, fruit juice, fruit tea, fruit wine, beverage, can, etc. The dried fig contains no chemical additive, and has thick and sweet taste. The fig juice and the beverage have unique fresh fragrance, produce saliva and quench thirst, and are suitable for the old and the young. At present, the seedling is cultivated to the mode that the growing seedlings of fig mostly adopted the inserted bar, but, prior art cultivates the seedling in outdoor field, hardly guarantees that the growing environment of seedling accords with the growth demand, leads to the survival rate of seedling low, cultivates moreover that the flow is comparatively loaded down with trivial details complicated and cultivate the cycle length, cultivates efficiency lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a fig seedling cultivation method aiming at the defects in the prior art, the cultivation process is simple, the cultivation period is short, the cultivation efficiency is high, the seedling survival rate is high, and the method is suitable for large-area planting and popularization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fig seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, pruning, namely selecting a thick and strong fig branch to prune, and pruning two joints on the fig branch;
step S2, soaking, namely soaking the trimmed fig branches in a cultivation liquid for 30 minutes;
step S3, cutting, namely inserting the soaked fig branches into cultivation cups filled with peat soil within a set angle range, and then sequentially placing the cultivation cups into a sunshade;
step S4, sterilizing, namely spraying a round of pyraclostrobin into the sunshade, and covering the sunshade with a film and a sunshade net after the spraying is finished;
and S5, watering, namely watering the cultivating cup to keep the humidity of the peat soil at 30%, controlling the temperature in the sunshade to be 16-23 ℃, and controlling the shading rate of the sunshade to be 80%.
Preferably, in step S1, the diameter of the fig branch is 1cm to 2cm, the joint includes an upper joint and a lower joint, the lower joint is located at the bottom of the fig branch, the lower joint is an oblique joint, the distance between the upper joint and the lower joint is 1cm, and the upper joint is a flat joint.
Preferably, in step S2, the method further includes taking out the soaked fig branches, air-drying the fig branches for two hours, wherein the culture liquid is a solution of indole potassium butyrate, and the concentration of the solution of indole potassium butyrate is 1: 100.
preferably, in the step S3, the angle range is 60 to 70 degrees, that is, the included angle between the fig branch and the horizontal plane of the cultivation cup is 60 to 70 degrees.
Preferably, in the step S4, the sunshade is provided with a spraying hole, and after the pyraclostrobin is sprayed into the spraying hole, the film is covered, and finally the sunshade net is covered.
Preferably, in step S5, the method further comprises opening the sunshade daily for ventilation, wherein the ventilation time period is 8 am to 10 am.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fig seedling cultivation method provided by the invention is used for cultivating fig seedlings through the steps of trimming, soaking, cuttage, sterilization treatment, watering and the like, the cultivation process is simple, the cultivation period is short, the cultivation efficiency is high, the seedling survival rate is high, and the method is suitable for large-area planting and popularization; the cultured fig peel is yellow and green, is slightly yellow, is long-strip-shaped, is sweet and glutinous, and has good taste.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a fig seedling cultivation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, in the flowchart of a fig seedling cultivation method of the present invention, the fig seedling cultivation method includes the following steps: s1, pruning, namely selecting a thick and strong fig branch to prune, and pruning two joints on the fig branch; step S2, soaking, namely soaking the trimmed fig branches in a cultivation liquid for 30 minutes; step S3, cutting, namely inserting the soaked fig branches into cultivation cups filled with peat soil within a set angle range, and then sequentially placing the cultivation cups into a sunshade; step S4, sterilizing, namely spraying a round of pyraclostrobin into the sunshade, and covering the sunshade with a film and a sunshade net after the spraying is finished; and step S5, watering, namely watering the cultivating cup to keep the humidity of the peat soil at 30%, controlling the temperature in the sunshade to be 16-23 ℃, and controlling the shading rate of the sunshade to be 80%.
Specifically, in the step S1, the diameter of the fig branch is 1cm to 2cm, the joint includes an upper joint and a lower joint, the lower joint is located at the bottom of the fig branch, the lower joint is an oblique joint, the distance between the upper joint and the lower joint is 1cm, and the upper joint is a flat joint; in step S2, the method further includes the step of taking out the soaked fig branches to air-dry for two hours, where the cultivation liquid is a solution of indole potassium butyrate, and the concentration of the solution of indole potassium butyrate is 1: 100, respectively; in the step S3, the angle range is 60-70 degrees, that is, the included angle between the fig branch and the water plane of the cultivation cup is 60-70 degrees; in the step S4, the sunshade is provided with a spraying hole, after the pyraclostrobin is sprayed into the spraying hole, the film is covered, and finally the sunshade net is covered; preferably, in step S5, the method further comprises opening the sunshade daily for ventilation, wherein the ventilation time period is 8 am to 10 am.
The fig seedlings cultivated by the method are of the Balaonai variety; the fig is named as southern green tangerine orange peel, the sweetness of fig is 23 degrees, the weight is not 60-130 g, the peel is yellow and green, and is yellowish and long-strip-shaped like banana. Sweet and glutinous type, good taste. The variety of the fig cultivated by the method starts to be cultivated in 12 months every year, and 50 ten thousand fig are cultivated all the year round. Firstly, 1 million fig trees are bred, and then fig seedlings are bred by pruning in 12 months for cuttage, wherein cuttage is mainly adopted in the invention. The cutting process includes the steps that firstly, branches trimmed on fig trees are transported to a seedling raising greenhouse at the first time and then trimmed through a pruning knife, the trimming method includes the steps that every seedling is trimmed with two knots, namely, fig is one bud, one fruit and one leaf, then, two knots are trimmed, the bottom of each knot is taken from the bottom and opened, the upper knot is taken from a new branch with long and luxuriant buds, the lower knot of each seedling raising branch is one centimeter downward, the upper knot is trimmed one centimeter upward, then the lower knot is trimmed, and how to distinguish which tooth is upward and which aspect is downward? The section of the leaf is cut downwards by the next centimeter, the cut is inclined, the cut with the top upwards is flat, and the downward insertion of the inclined opening can determine which is downward insertion and which is upward insertion.
As can be understood, the cutting technology of the invention is to screen out branches with robust tooth mouths for cutting, and branches as robust as index fingers are used for cutting on the average branch thickness. Then soaking the branches in potassium indolebutyrate, soaking one gram of potassium indolebutyrate with 30 jin of water, taking out after soaking for 30 minutes, airing for two hours, airing, wherein the branches can not be exposed to the sun in an airing environment, and can be covered by a sun shield at a proper time. The seedling raising cup for cuttage is a seedling raising cup with eight inner parts by eight centimeters, is a cup made of P1 material, is filled with peat soil, is filled with the seedling raising cup without compacting the weight of each cup, and takes the weight of one hundred grams as a standard. Then twenty cups are arranged in a row, for example, 30 meters are arranged according to the length of the sunshade, the cup row of the whole sunshade is arranged by 30 meters side by side, the sunshade is made of bamboo, the length of the bamboo is two meters, the span of 20 bamboos can be one meter, the span of the bamboo is one meter, the bamboo is two meters, the arch is just formed in the past, the bamboo is covered with a film, the first layer is covered with the film on the surface, the second layer is covered with a sunshade net, and the sunshade net is covered with the sunshade net which accounts for ninety percent. In addition, the sunshade is a 1600-square greenhouse, the top of the sunshade is provided with a sunshade net, the periphery of the sunshade is provided with a film, and the sunshade is covered with a waterproof and ventilated layer, so that the effect of insect prevention is achieved. The sunshade has the advantages that the environment is disinfected, no mixed insects come in, the regular disinfection can be realized, the disinfection is realized through the whole process, the prevention and control insects and germs come in, a good ventilation and ventilation drainage system is arranged in the sunshade, and a spraying and cooling system is further arranged at the top of the sunshade. Then, when the cutting is finished, airing and cutting are carried out after soaking, the inclination of the whole branch is 60-70 degrees, so that the reason why is the cutting? The fig seedlings are uniformly arranged in one direction, 60-70 degrees are reserved, so that the teeth of the fig seedlings are upward, the cutting teeth are upward, the whole teeth of the fig seedlings are orderly upward, the fig seedlings are convenient to cut in the same direction, the management is convenient, and the uniform direction of growth is convenient. During cuttage, indoxyl potassium butyrate solution and harvest milbemycin are added, fig branches are soaked for 30 minutes at the concentration of 50-100 times, only branches of the figs are soaked twice with one-time medicine, the medicine water can be poured out, and the fig branches can not be reused and can only be reused twice.
It can be understood that pyraclostrobin is sprayed on the surface of the fig branch after cuttage is finished, pesticide spraying needs to be comprehensive, the whole sunshade space is sprayed, then a film is covered, the film is two meters in length, the film is covered, and then a sunshade net is covered. After the cuttage is finished, regular cultivating cups are required to be thoroughly drenched and poured to 30% of humidity, the humidity of the cultivating cups is 30% of the water of the cultivating cups, the humidity is the most standard cuttage humidity, then a new round of sterilization is carried out, after the pyraclostrobin and the kasugamycin are sprayed together, the film can be covered, the head and the tail of the film are covered, the film is covered in an all-around mode, the air humidity of the environment of the whole sunshade space can be kept to be held, then the sunshade is covered, and why the sunshade is covered? The reason is that in the early cuttage work, the fig seedlings do not see sunlight, and when the fig seedlings are coldest in 12 months, the fig seedlings germinate quickly due to the fact that the ground is hot underground and the upper surface is cold and hot air exists, white spots can begin to emerge in seven days on the cultivation technical level, cracks exist, and the fig seedlings begin to crack when being inserted into a cup. When a cup is inserted into a cuttage depth, the depth of the cup is not needed to be seen, but the length of the branch is needed to be seen, 60% of the branch is inserted, and the cuttage can be carried out as far as possible when the branch is inserted into the cup. Two meters wide of sunshading board covers it and does not let fig seedling see sunshine, through in the morning eight o 'clock to ten o' clock each day, lets the sunshade ventilate for two hours, then covers again, just seals up all spaces, why do we want ventilative worsted? All crops can rot quickly after being subjected to long-term high temperature or long-term high humidity and have overlarge air humidity, so that the seedlings are not beneficial to wound healing, the wounds can be well healed as long as the seedlings are ventilated and dry regularly every day, and meanwhile, the crops can be well prepared for root cutting.
As can be understood, the seedling of the invention generally begins to make white spots between 7 days and 15 days, starts to grow roots, and begins 25 days to 30 days, and the long roots and the long teeth begin to be basically synchronized; then the air humidity is kept, and the water is properly drenched to keep a certain humidity, the humidity of 30% is the proper humidity, then the air humidity in the day is 30% -50%, the air humidity in the night is 90% -100%, the temperature control temperature is most suitable for root cutting and is 16-23 ℃, the seedling survival rate is basically 100% by the cultivation method, as long as in the winter of the climate such as Guangdong province in China, the season of 12 months to spring is the most suitable for seedling cutting, and the season of very high seedling survival rate is provided.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A fig seedling cultivation method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, pruning, namely selecting a thick and strong fig branch to prune, and pruning two joints on the fig branch;
step S2, soaking, namely soaking the trimmed fig branches in a cultivation liquid for 30 minutes;
step S3, cutting, namely inserting the soaked fig branches into cultivation cups filled with peat soil within a set angle range, and then sequentially placing the cultivation cups into a sunshade;
step S4, sterilizing, namely spraying a round of pyraclostrobin into the sunshade, and covering the sunshade with a film and a sunshade net after the spraying is finished;
and S5, watering, namely watering the cultivating cup to keep the humidity of the peat soil at 30%, controlling the temperature in the sunshade to be 16-23 ℃, and controlling the shading rate of the sunshade to be 80%.
2. The fig seedling cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the diameter of the fig branch is 1cm to 2cm, the joint includes an upper joint and a lower joint, the lower joint is located at the bottom of the fig branch, the lower joint is an oblique joint, the distance between the upper joint and the lower joint is 1cm, and the upper joint is a flat joint.
3. The fig seedling cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the method further includes the step of taking out the soaked fig branches to air-dry for two hours, wherein the cultivation liquid is a potassium indolebutyrate solution, and the concentration of the potassium indolebutyrate solution is 1: 100.
4. the fig seedling cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the angle range is 60 to 70 degrees, that is, the included angle between the fig branch and the water plane of the cultivation cup is 60 to 70 degrees.
5. The fig seedling cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, the sunshade is provided with a spraying hole, and after the pyraclostrobin is sprayed into the spraying hole, the film is covered, and finally the sunshade net is covered.
6. The fig seedling cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the method further includes opening the sunshade everyday for ventilation, wherein the ventilation time period is 8 am to 10 am.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106358824A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Fig cutting rooting method |
| CN108293451A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-07-20 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of fig high efficiency seedling cultivating method |
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