CN113490616A - 用于车身前壁的隔音元件和用于这种隔音元件的承载元件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
设置在乘客舱和发动机舱之间的用于车身前壁的隔音元件设置有复合部件,该复合部件具有塑料载体层(16)和与其连接的吸音层(18),复合部件具有至少一个第一通道开口。当在其安装状态下观察时,复合部件具有面向乘客舱并由塑料载体层(16)的外侧形成的前侧和靠在前壁上并由背离塑料载体层(16)的吸音层(18)的外侧形成的后侧。至少一个压紧突起(72)在背离塑料载体层(16)的外侧并因此面向吸音层(18)的内侧上在载体层孔的孔边缘处和/或偏离塑料载体层(16)的孔边缘从塑料载体层(16)突出,压紧突起(72)嵌入吸音层(18)的吸音材料中并且其背离塑料载体层(16)的自由端与吸音层(18)的背离塑料载体层(16)的外侧基本对齐。
Description
本专利申请要求2018年12月18日德国专利申请10 2018 132726.9的优先权,其内容通过引用并入本专利申请的主题。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将乘客舱与发动机舱隔开的车身前壁的隔音元件。此外,本发明涉及一种用于布置在车身前壁上的隔音复合部件的承载元件。
背景技术
在车身前壁的内侧,即在车身的乘客舱和发动机舱之间的壁的内侧上布置隔音元件是众所周知的。作为这种前壁阻隔材料的示例,参考WO-A-2018/192858、US-A-2006/0091699或DE-A-37 33 284。
这种隔音元件具有夹层结构,该结构具有塑料载体层,也称为重层,以及模制在塑料载体层上并由吸音材料,特别是PUR泡沫材料制成的吸音层。车身前壁有多个用于管线、管道或部件的通道。相应地,隔音元件还设有通孔,通孔通常与前壁中的通道对齐。根据穿过隔音元件和穿过前壁的元件类型,有必要保护它免受机械损坏(磨损保护)。实现这种保护的一种可能措施是在隔音元件的通道开口的孔边缘周围发泡或用吸音材料围绕它。
吸音材料通常在塑料载体层插入其中的专门设计的成型工具(通常是发泡工具)中模制到塑料载体层上。塑料载体层先前已在为此目的提供的另一个成型工具中生产。在塑料载体层的至少部分被吸音材料嵌入的孔边缘的区域中,吸音材料必须能够至少部分地伸入载体层孔中。在一定程度上,吸音材料应围绕塑料载体层两侧的孔边缘。在这两种情况下,这都会导致塑料载体层在制造过程中在其插入的成型工具内“漂浮”,这会导致不令人满意的制造结果。为了避免这种情况,用于将吸音材料模制到塑料载体层上的相应成型工具具有压紧销,该压紧销沿着孔边缘压紧塑料载体层,该孔边缘至少部分地被吸音材料包围。这种成型工具压紧销增加了成型工具的制造成本并使清洁过程复杂化,原则上,这种成型工具的清洁过程越来越难进行。此外,用这种成型工具形成的吸音层具有由压紧销引起的空腔,这在声学上是不利的。
从DE-A-10 2013 006 300已知,被塑料包围的器具把手的芯部可以通过从芯部向所有侧面突出的间隔销定位在成型工具的中央。此方法不适用于一个塑料组件仅在一侧配备第二个塑料组件的双组分零件。
DE-C-198 33 098公开了一种用于制造具有芯和在所有侧面围绕其的带衬垫覆盖物的衬垫制品的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于布置在乘客舱和发动机舱之间的车身前壁的隔音元件,以及一种用于这种隔音元件的承载元件,借助该隔音元件可以减少在工具侧保持承载元件在成型工具中的位置以将吸音材料模制到承载元件上所需的花费。
为解决该问题,本发明提出一种设置在乘客舱和发动机舱之间的用于车身前壁的隔音元件,其中该隔音元件设有
-复合部件,包括塑料载体层和与其相连的吸音层,
-其中复合部件具有在其安装状态下观察时面向乘客舱并由塑料载体层的外表面形成的前侧,以及邻接前壁的后侧,该后侧由吸音层的背向塑料载体层的外侧形成,和
-复合部件中的至少一个第一通道开口,
-其中第一通道开口包括具有形成在塑料载体层中的孔边缘的载体层孔和具有形成在吸音层中的孔边缘的吸音层孔,并且
-其中至少一个压紧突起在背离塑料载体层的外侧以及因此面向吸音层的内侧上在载体层孔的孔边缘处和/或偏离载体层孔的孔边缘从塑料载体层突出,该压紧突起嵌入吸音层的吸音材料中,该压紧突起背离塑料载体层的自由端与吸音层的背对塑料载体层的外侧基本平齐。
相应地,本发明提供了作为塑料载体层的一部分,即吸音材料模制到其上的隔音元件的承载元件的一部分的压紧突起,而不是设置在成型工具上的压紧突起。这种压紧突起位于孔边缘处或从通道开口即塑料载体层中的孔的孔边缘向外偏移,该压紧突起与吸音层中与其对齐的孔一起形成隔音元件的通道。
在根据本发明的隔音元件中,至少一个例如可以是针状或圆顶状的压紧突起嵌入吸音层的吸音材料中。有利的是,围绕载体层孔的孔边缘周向地存在多个这样的压紧突起。与现有技术中的压紧突起(压紧销)是用于将吸音材料模制到塑料载体层上的成型工具部件之一的一部分不同,在根据本发明的隔音元件中吸音层从成型工具脱模后无空腔;反而,塑料载体层的压紧突起延伸到吸音层中并可能穿过它。
如上所述,根据本发明的隔音元件设计为复合部件,并且具有塑料载体层(所谓的重层)和由吸音材料(例如PU泡沫)制成的吸音层。以这种方式构造成两层的复合部件具有两个外侧,其中一个由塑料载体层形成而另一个由吸音层形成。两层的内侧相互接触;两层在内侧相互连接。在安装状态下,塑料载体层的外侧面向乘客舱;复合部件的这一侧形成前侧,而复合部件的后侧由靠在前壁上的吸音层的外侧形成。
至少一个压紧突起现在在载体层中的孔区域中从塑料载体层的内侧突出,该压紧突起的背离塑料载体层后侧的自由端基本上与吸音层的外侧平齐。在,其中自由端不突出到吸音层的外侧,而是更优选地被吸音材料较薄地覆盖(例如,至少1mm且至多5mm)。
如已经提到的,在孔边缘周围提供多个压紧突起是有用的,然后这些压紧突起有利地呈销钉或圆顶的形式。压紧突起或至少一个压紧突起的设计应该这样选择,使得在成型工具中,吸音材料被模制到塑料载体层上时,这种吸音材料可以在至少一个压紧突起周围和上方流动。如果在本发明的一个有用的实施例中,至少部分地围绕载体层中的孔的轴环用作压紧突起,则轴环应在其圆周壁中具有凹槽或朝向上边缘开口的边缘凹槽。采用这样的轴环设计,引入成型工具的吸音材料可以流过轴环。
上述根据本发明的隔音元件的结构特别用于在塑料载体层中形成配备有吸音材料的孔边缘。吸音材料具有伸入载体层孔中的突出区域,该突出区域与塑料载体层的外侧齐平或向前突出从而在两侧包围孔的边缘。为防止吸音材料在孔边缘区域的不希望的剪断,可通过吸音材料形成的锚固突起、通口等在塑料载体层和吸音层之间提供钩状结构。可在DE-A-41 32 571、EP-A-2 786 851和JP H07-285 138A中找到在隔音元件的穿透区域中的塑料载体层中填充吸音材料的通口的例子。
本发明的各个实施例是从属权利要求的主题。
在本发明的有利的进一步改进中,吸音层的吸音材料越过载体层孔的孔边缘向内突出到第一孔中并且形成环形突出边缘。
在该实施例中,还可以有利地规定,突出边缘与塑料载体层的外侧对齐或沿着载体层孔的孔边缘的至少一部分延伸到塑料载体层的外侧。有利地,根据本发明的隔音元件还可在复合部件中设置有至少一个第二通道开口,该第二通道开口包括形成在塑料载体层中的载体层孔和形成在吸音层中的吸音层孔,两个孔都具有对齐的孔边缘。
除了上述根据本发明的隔音元件之外,根据本发明,上述目的还可以通过一种用于隔音复合部件的承载元件来解决,该承载元件设置在车身的前壁上,该前壁设置在发动机舱和乘客舱之间,其中承载元件设有
-具有外侧和内侧的塑料载体层,在具有至少两个成型工具部分的成型工具中,隔音复合部件的吸音层的吸音材料可施加或附加到塑料载体层上,
-至少一个形成在塑料载体层中的第一载体层孔,该第一载体层孔具有孔边缘,和
-至少一个设置在孔边缘上和/或偏离孔边缘的压紧突起,该压紧突起从塑料载体层突出并从塑料载体层的内侧突出,
-其中塑料载体层可以被引入到成型工具中,其外侧抵靠第一成型工具部分,并且至少一个压紧突起的背离塑料载体层的内侧的端部被设置为用于接触第二成型工具部分,用于将塑料载体层在第一载体层孔的孔边缘的区域中保持抵靠在第一成型工具部分上。
为了能够在这样的承载元件中实现设置有隔音材料的塑料载体层的孔边缘,例如可以提供塑料载体层的第一孔,该第一孔被设置为借助于模芯以径向间隙穿透到所述第一载体层孔的孔边缘,特别是借助于设置在用于将所述吸音材料模制到所述塑料载体层的后侧上而设置的成型工具的第一或第二成型工具部分上的模芯。
承载元件可以有利地形成有压紧突起结构,如之前结合隔音元件所描述的。此外,承载元件的塑料载体层可以如上文结合本发明所述形成。特别地,如上文在本发明的上下文中提供的,承载元件的塑料载体层可设有隔音材料和吸音层。
下面通过实施例的示例并参考附图更详细地解释本发明。
附图说明
图1是带有前壁隔音元件的车身的立体分解图,
图2是根据图1的隔音元件的重层,即塑料载体层的设计的立体图,
图3是用于将隔音材料成型到根据图2的塑料载体层上的成型工具的剖视图,其中塑料载体层被插入到成型工具中,
图4是图3所示的成型工具在插入吸音材料后的剖视图,
图5是当安装隔音元件时靠在车身前壁上的隔音元件的后侧的视图,
图6是从后侧看隔音元件的立体图,
图7是根据图6的线VII-VII剖开隔音元件的剖视图,并且
图8是压紧突起的替代设计的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了具有前壁12的车身10,设计为复合部件的隔音元件14布置在前壁12上。隔音元件14至少部分地通过与隔音元件14一体形成的固定突起(未示出)固定到前壁12,该固定突起在隔音元件14的组装状态下与车体10或前壁12中相应的容纳开口相配合,固定突起被放置在该容纳开口中。在这方面,以举例方式参考WO-A-2018/192858,其内容在此通过引用成为本公开主题的一部分。
众所周知,隔音元件14具有所谓的质量弹簧系统,该系统包括:塑料载体层16,作为由例如EVA/PE、PE、PP、EPDM、TPE、TPO和/或聚氨酯泡沫制成的重层或质量层,其中每一种都具有高达70%的高重量比例的高密度矿物填料,例如长石;以及由吸音材料(例如聚氨酯泡沫)制成的吸音层18(参见例如图6)。
在如图1所示的安装状态下,隔音元件14具有面向乘客舱的前侧20和面向并邻接前壁的后侧22。前侧20由塑料载体层16的外表面24形成,而后侧22由吸音层18的外表面26形成。塑料载体层16和吸音层18在它们彼此面对的内侧28、30处彼此连接(也参见图7)。
隔音元件14具有多个通道开口32、34、36、38,在该实施例中,这些通道开口具有不同的形状并且旨在显示隔音元件的不同类型的通道。除了通道开口34之外,图中所示的其他通道开口34沿塑料载体层16中孔的孔边缘设置有吸音材料。沿这些孔边缘模制吸音材料需要一定量的为模制吸音材料而提供的模制工具内的定位辅助装置,如图3和4所示。
图3示出了通过该实施例中的两件式成型工具40的横截面,其具有第一成型工具部分42和第二成型工具部分44。预先制造的塑料载体层16首先被放入成型工具40的模腔46中,塑料载体层的外表面24搁置在第一成型工具部分42的内表面上。然后成型工具40一起移动。在该实施例示例中,在塑料载体层16中形成具有孔边缘49、51、53、55的四个孔48、50、52、54。模芯56伸入孔54中,完全填充孔54。模芯58、60、62各自伸入孔48、50、52中,这些模芯的横截面小于所述孔,从而在模腔46中在模芯与孔边缘49、51、53之间留有自由空间64、66、68。
因此,自由空间填充有吸音材料,如参照图3和4所示,当这种材料通过例如一个(特别是几个)入口70被引入到成型工具40中时。模芯56、58、60、62在隔音元件14的吸音层18中提供孔57、59、61、63,孔57、59、61、63分别与载体层孔48、50、52、54对齐。
吸音材料渗入孔48、50、52(由于模芯56完全填充孔54而没有材料渗入该孔)造成塑料载体层16被“冲掉”然后“浮起”在模腔46中的风险。为了防止这种情况,在每个孔48、50、52的区域中布置从塑料载体层16的内侧28突出的压紧突起72(在该实施例中全部为销或圆顶形式),压紧突起72抵靠在限定模腔46的第二成型工具部分44的内侧74上,或者其自由端76布置在距成型工具部分44很短的距离处。压紧突起72将塑料载体层16保持抵靠第一成型工具部分42的内侧78定位。这防止了塑料载体层16在吸音材料渗透并围绕孔48、50、52的边缘流动时“漂浮”。
取决于用吸音材料封闭或包围或部分包围孔48、50、52的边缘的期望设计,塑料载体层16在所述孔的区域中具有不同的结构,如图3和4或图6和7所示。例如,孔48中的突出边缘80与塑料载体层16的外表面24对齐,而孔50、52的相应突出边缘82、84从两侧围绕孔边缘51、53。关于孔52的设计,附加地提供了从塑料载体层16的前侧20突出的附加钩结构或类似突出物86,其嵌入吸音材料中并因此确保吸音层18在塑料载体层16的前侧20上的附加保持。
图8示出了压紧突起88的替代实施例。在该实施例中,压紧突起88形成为围绕以92表示的塑料载体层中的开口延伸的圆周轴环90。轴环90具有孔94,隔音材料可以穿过孔94到达塑料载体层92中的孔的边缘附近或孔的边缘周围,如图3中的孔设计所示。在提供了隔音材料的状态下,压紧突起88嵌入在该材料中。
附图标记列表
10 车身
12 前壁
14 隔音元件
16 塑料载体层
18 吸音层
20 前侧
22 后侧
24 前侧的外表面
26 外侧
28 内侧
30 内侧
32 通道开口
34 通道开口
36 通道开口
38 通道开口
40 两件式成型工具
42 第一成型工具部分
44 第二成型工具部分
46 模腔
48 载体层孔
49 孔边缘
50 载体层孔
51 孔边缘
52 载体层孔
53 孔边缘
54 载体层孔
55 孔边缘
56 模芯
57 吸音层孔
58 模芯
59 吸音层孔
60 模芯
61 吸音层孔
62 模芯
63 吸音层孔
64 自由空间
66 自由空间
68 自由空间
70 入口
72 压紧突起
74 模腔的内侧
76 压紧突起的自由端
78 模腔的内侧
80 突出边缘
82 突出边缘
84 突出边缘
86 突出物
88 压紧突起
90 轴环
92 塑料载体层
94 轴环的孔
参考文献
WO-A-2018/192858
US-A-2006/0091699
DE-A-37 33 284
EN-A-10 2013 006 300
EN-C-198 33 098
DE-A-41 32 571
EP-A-2 786 851
JP H07-285 138 A
Claims (11)
1.设置在乘客舱和发动机舱之间的用于车身前壁的隔音元件,具有
-复合部件,包括塑料载体层(16)和与其相连接的吸音层(18),
-其中,在其安装状态下观察时,所述复合部件具有面向乘客舱并由塑料载体层(16)的外表面(24)形成的前侧(20),以及后侧(22),所述后侧(22)抵靠前壁并由所述吸音层(18)的背离塑料载体层(16)的外侧(26)形成,并且
-复合部件中的至少一个第一通道开口(32、34、36、38),
-其中所述第一通道开口(32、34、36、38)包括:载体层孔(48、50、52、54),形成在所述塑料载体层(16)中,具有孔边缘(49、51、53、55);和吸音层孔(57、59、61、63),形成在吸音层(18)中,具有孔边缘,
-其中至少一个压紧突起(72)在背离塑料载体层(16)的外表面(24)并因此面向所述吸音层(18)的内侧上在所述载体层孔(48、50、52、54)的孔边缘(49、51、53、55)处和/或偏离所述塑料载体层(16)的孔边缘(49、51、53、55)从所述塑料载体层(16)突出,所述压紧突起(72)嵌入吸音层(18)的吸音材料中并且其背离所述塑料载体层(16)的自由端与所述吸音层(18)的背离塑料载体层(16)的外侧基本对齐。
2.如权利要求1所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述至少一个压紧突起(72)的背离所述塑料载体层(16)的内侧(28)的自由端(76)覆盖有吸音材料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,多个压紧突起(72)围绕所述载体层孔(48、50、52、54)周向布置。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述至少一个压紧突起(72)形成为销形突起或压紧圆顶。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述至少一个压紧突起(72)形成为围绕所述载体层孔(48、50、52、54)并具有设置有开口的周向的轴环。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述吸音层(18)的吸音材料向内突出超过所述载体层孔(48、50、52、54)的孔边缘(49、51、53、55)并形成环形突出边缘(80、82、84)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述突出边缘(80、82、84)与所述塑料载体层(16)的外侧(24)对齐或沿着所述载体层孔(48、50、52、54)的至少一部分孔边缘(49、51、53、55)延伸到所述塑料载体层(16)的外侧(24)上。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的隔音元件,其特征在于,所述复合部件中的至少一个第二通道开口(32、34、36、38)包括:载体层孔(48、50、52、54),形成在所述塑料载体层(16)中;和吸音层孔(57、59、61、63),形成在所述吸音层(18)中,其中这两个孔具有对齐的孔边缘。
9.用于设置在发动机舱和乘客舱之间的车身前壁上的隔音复合部件的承载元件,具有
-具有外侧和内侧的塑料载体层(16),隔音复合部件的吸音层(18)的吸音材料可施加到其上或施加在具有至少两个成型工具部分的成型工具上,
-至少一个第一载体层孔,其孔边缘形成在所述塑料载体层(16)中,并且
-设置在孔边缘上和/或偏离孔边缘的至少一个压紧突起(72),从所述塑料载体层(16)突出并从所述塑料载体层(16)的内部突出,
-其中所述塑料载体层(16)可以被引入到成型工具中,其外侧抵靠第一成型工具部分,至少一个压紧突起(72)的远离所述塑料载体层(16)的内侧的端部设置为用于接触第二成型工具部分,用于在所述第一载体层孔的孔边缘的区域中将塑料载体层(16)保持抵靠所述第一成型工具部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的承载元件,其特征在于,所述塑料载体层(16)的第一孔被设置为借助于模芯以径向间隙穿透到所述第一载体层孔的孔边缘,特别是借助于设置在用于将所述吸音材料模制到所述塑料载体层(16)的后侧上而设置的成型工具的第一或第二成型工具部分上的模芯。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的承载元件,其特征在于,所述至少一个压紧突起(72)如权利要求1至8中任一项所述形成和/或所述塑料载体层(16)如权利要求1至8中任一项所述形成和/或所述塑料载体层(16)设置有如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的吸音层(18)或吸音材料。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2020126651A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
EP3898340A1 (de) | 2021-10-27 |
US12065084B2 (en) | 2024-08-20 |
JP7480148B2 (ja) | 2024-05-09 |
JP2022514002A (ja) | 2022-02-09 |
US20220073013A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
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