CN113455268A - Camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method - Google Patents
Camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113455268A CN113455268A CN202110858806.4A CN202110858806A CN113455268A CN 113455268 A CN113455268 A CN 113455268A CN 202110858806 A CN202110858806 A CN 202110858806A CN 113455268 A CN113455268 A CN 113455268A
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- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;calcium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ca].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 13
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 biogas residue Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255969 Pieris brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/12—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/12—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle
- A01C15/122—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle with moving floor parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/02—Secateurs; Flower or fruit shears
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating and planting camellia oleifera trees, which comprises the following steps: s1 address selection: selecting the hilly sunny slope with acid soil, deep soil layer and good drainage; s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with depth of 40-50 cm; s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising; and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2-2.5 multiplied by 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings; s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, and holes are dug 20-30cm near the camellia oleifera trees, wherein the depth of the holes is 20-30 cm; s6 manages: the camellia oleifera tree is pruned and watered regularly, and the camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting for pest control is convenient for the camellia oleifera tree to be planted and cultivated through site selection, soil preparation, seed selection, transplanting, top application and management, so that the survival rate of the growing camellia oleifera tree is improved, and the pest can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of camellia oleifera tree cultivation, in particular to a camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method.
Background
The camellia oleifera is a special economic tree species in China and also is the most important edible oil tree species in the low hilly areas in the south of the Yangtze river in China, and has a cultivation history of more than two thousand years. Camellia oleifera is evergreen shrub or small arbor of Theaceae, and has yellowish brown bark and smooth downward fissure. Large white flowers are also called white flower tea in autumn.
The tea-oil tree is planted, and the growth of the tea-oil tree is influenced by the planting and cultivating conditions. Therefore, the method for cultivating and planting the camellia oleifera is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation and planting method for camellia oleifera trees, which solves the problem that the camellia oleifera trees are not easy to plant.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating and planting camellia oleifera trees comprises the following steps:
s1 address selection: selecting the hilly sunny slope with acid soil, deep soil layer and good drainage;
s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with depth of 40-50 cm;
s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising;
and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2-2.5 multiplied by 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings;
s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, and holes are dug 20-30cm near the camellia oleifera trees, wherein the depth of the holes is 20-30 cm;
s6 manages: regularly pruning, watering and preventing and controlling diseases and pests.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step S2, the fertilizer of the base fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residue, tea oil cake, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer is applied by 200-300kg per mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 20-40 parts of biogas residues, 10-30 parts of tea oil cakes, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 30-50 parts of urea and 10-20 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step S5, the top dressing fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, phosphoric diamine and bagasse, and 50-80kg of the top dressing fertilizer is applied to each mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 10-20 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 4-8 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 2-6 parts of phosphoric acid diamine and 10-20 parts of bagasse.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in step S5, the additional fertilization device for additional fertilization includes: the device comprises a first fixing frame, a first push rod, a first driving wheel, a first driving device, a material box, a box cover, a rotating shaft, a second driving device, a stirring blade, a communicating channel, an output channel, a baffle, an electric telescopic rod, a third driving device and a weighing sensor;
a first push rod is arranged on one side of the first fixing frame, a first driving wheel is arranged on the lower portion of the first fixing frame, the first driving wheel is connected with a first driving device, a material box is arranged on the first fixing frame, a box cover is movably connected to the top of the material box, a rotating shaft is arranged in the material box, the rotating shaft is connected with a second driving device, and stirring blades are arranged on the rotating shaft;
the lower part of the material box is conical, the conical lower part of the material box is provided with a communicating channel, and the communicating channel is connected with an output channel;
two baffles are arranged in the communicating channel, the baffles are connected with an electric telescopic rod, the electric telescopic rod is connected with a third driving device, and a weighing sensor is arranged on the baffle at the lower part.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; a movable clamping groove is formed in the lower wall of the output channel, an output groove is formed in the movable clamping groove and is connected with a hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod is connected with a hydraulic pump;
and the third driving device, the weighing sensor and the hydraulic pump are all connected with the fourth controller.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the side wall of the material box is of a cavity structure, the upper part of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the material box is provided with a communicating opening, filter cloth is arranged at the communicating opening of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the material box, and drying agents are filled in the cavity structure of the material box.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in step S6, the trimming device for trimming includes: the device comprises a second driving wheel, a fixed plate, a second push rod, a second fixed frame, a movable clamping groove, a fixed rod, a first hydraulic pump, a trimming hole, a trimming knife, a second hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic pump;
the driving shaft of the second driving wheel is connected to the fixing plate, a second push rod is arranged at one end of the fixing plate, a second fixing frame is arranged on the fixing plate, a movable clamping groove is formed in the side wall of the second fixing frame, a fixed rod is arranged in the movable clamping groove and connected with a first hydraulic rod, and the first hydraulic rod is connected with a first hydraulic pump;
the fixed rod is provided with a clamping plate, the clamping plate is provided with a trimming hole, the clamping plate is fixedly provided with a trimming knife, one handle of the trimming knife is connected with a second hydraulic rod, and the second hydraulic rod is connected with a second hydraulic pump.
The clamping plate is set to be U-shaped, and the first hydraulic pump is connected with the first controller.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the clamping rod is movably connected to one side wall of the clamping plate and connected with a fourth hydraulic rod, the fourth hydraulic rod is connected with a fourth hydraulic pump, the second hydraulic pump and the fourth hydraulic pump are connected with a second controller, the second controller is connected with a control panel, and the control panel is arranged on a second push rod.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the second fixing frame comprises a bottom plate, an arc-shaped clamping groove and a moving rod, the arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the top of the bottom plate, the moving rod is arranged in the arc-shaped clamping groove, and the moving clamping groove is formed in the moving rod.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the movable rod is movably connected with a third hydraulic rod, the third hydraulic rod is connected with a third hydraulic pump, and the third hydraulic pump is connected with a third controller;
the second fixing frame is provided with a collecting box, and the top of the collecting box is movably connected with a top cover.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the camellia oleifera tree is conveniently planted and cultivated through site selection, soil preparation, seed selection, transplanting, top application and management, the survival rate of the growing camellia oleifera trees is improved, and diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented.
2. The top application device is arranged, so that top application can be better carried out, and the device is convenient and quick.
3. The pruning device can prune some miscellaneous branches of tea-oil tree, the branch that growing vigour is not good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of the communication passages according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the trimming device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the first hydraulic rod in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a jam plate in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of a jam plate in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic connection diagram of the fixing frame of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a first fixing frame 1, a first push rod 2, a first driving wheel 3, a first driving device 4, a bin 5, a bin cover 6, a rotating shaft 7, a second driving device 8, a stirring blade 9, a communication channel 10, an output channel 11, a baffle 12, an electric telescopic rod 13, a third driving device 14, a weighing sensor 15, a movable clamping groove 16, an output groove 17, a hydraulic rod 18, a hydraulic pump 19, a fourth controller 20, a second driving wheel 21, a fixing plate 22, a second push rod 23, a second fixing frame 24, a movable clamping groove 25, a fixing rod 26, a first hydraulic rod 27, a first hydraulic pump 28, a trimming hole 29, a trimming knife 30, a second hydraulic rod 31, a second hydraulic pump 32, a clamping plate 33, a first controller 34, a clamping rod 35, a fourth hydraulic rod 36, a fourth hydraulic pump 37, a second controller 38, a control panel 39, a bottom plate 40, an arc-shaped clamping groove 41, a movable rod 42, a third hydraulic rod 43, a third controller 34, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a trimming blade, a trimming, A third hydraulic pump 44, a third controller 45, a collection tank 46, and a top cover 47.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 7 illustrate the present invention, so that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a method for cultivating and planting camellia oleifera trees comprises the following steps:
s1 address selection: selecting acid soil, deep soil layer and hilly sunny slope with good drainage, wherein the pH is = 5-6.5;
s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with the depth of 40 cm;
s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising;
and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2 x 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings;
s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, 20cm near the camellia oleifera is dug, and the depth of the dug hole is 20 cm;
s6 manages: regularly pruning, watering and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests; the camellia oleifera tree is conveniently planted and cultivated through site selection, soil preparation, seed selection, transplanting, top application and management, the survival rate of the growing camellia oleifera trees is improved, and diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method comprises the following steps:
s1 address selection: selecting acid soil, deep soil layer and hilly sunny slope with good drainage, wherein the pH is = 5-6.5;
s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with a depth of 50 cm;
s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising;
and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2.5 multiplied by 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings;
s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, and holes are dug at the depth of 30cm near the camellia oleifera trees;
s6 manages: regularly pruning, watering and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests; the camellia oleifera tree is conveniently planted and cultivated through site selection, soil preparation, seed selection, transplanting, top application and management, the survival rate of the growing camellia oleifera trees is improved, and diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-2, the camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method comprises the following steps:
s1 address selection: selecting acid soil, deep soil layer and hilly sunny slope with good drainage, wherein the pH is = 5-6.5;
s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with a hole depth of 45 cm;
s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising;
and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2.25 multiplied by 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings;
s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, and holes are dug at the depth of 25cm near the camellia oleifera trees;
s6 manages: regularly pruning, watering and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests; the camellia oleifera tree is conveniently planted and cultivated through site selection, soil preparation, seed selection, transplanting, top application and management, the survival rate of the growing camellia oleifera trees is improved, and diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented.
Example 4:
on the basis of the examples 1-3, in the step S2, the fertilizer of the base fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residue, tea oil cake, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate, and 200kg of fertilizer is applied per mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 20 parts of biogas residues, 10 parts of tea oil cakes, 10 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of urea and 10 parts of calcium superphosphate; the decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residues, tea oil cakes, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate are subjected to topdressing, so that fertilizer supplement is conveniently carried out during planting of the oil tea trees, and the growth requirements of the oil tea trees are met.
Example 5:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 4, in the step S2, the fertilizer of the base fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residue, tea oil cake, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate, and 300kg of fertilizer is applied per mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 40 parts of biogas residues, 30 parts of tea oil cakes, 20 parts of bagasse, 15 parts of plant ash, 50 parts of urea and 20 parts of calcium superphosphate; the decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residues, tea oil cakes, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate are subjected to topdressing, so that fertilizer supplement is conveniently carried out during planting of the oil tea trees, and the growth requirements of the oil tea trees are met.
Example 6:
on the basis of the examples 1-5, in the step S2, the fertilizer of the base fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residue, tea oil cake, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate, and 250kg of fertilizer is applied per mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 30 parts of biogas residues, 20 parts of tea oil cakes, 15 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of urea and 15 parts of calcium superphosphate; the decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residues, tea oil cakes, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate are subjected to topdressing, so that fertilizer supplement is conveniently carried out during planting of the oil tea trees, and the growth requirements of the oil tea trees are met.
Example 7:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 6, in the step S5, the additional fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse, and 50kg of fertilizer is applied to each mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 10 parts of straw, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 2 parts of diamine phosphate and 10 parts of bagasse; the top dressing is selected from livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse; facilitating the growth of the oil tea tree.
Example 8:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 7, in the step S5, the additional fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse, and 80kg of fertilizer is applied to each mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 20 parts of straw, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of diamine phosphate and 20 parts of bagasse; the top dressing is selected from livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse; facilitating the growth of the oil tea tree.
Example 9:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 8, in the step S5, the additional fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse, and 65kg of fertilizer is applied to each mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of straw, 7.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of diamine phosphate and 15 parts of bagasse; the top dressing is selected from livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, diamine phosphate and bagasse; facilitating the growth of the oil tea tree.
Example 10:
in addition to examples 1 to 9, in step S5, a top dressing apparatus for top dressing includes: the device comprises a first fixing frame 1, a first push rod 2, a first driving wheel 3, a first driving device 4, a material box 5, a box cover 6, a rotating shaft 7, a second driving device 8, a stirring blade 9, a communicating channel 10, an output channel 11, a baffle 12, an electric telescopic rod 13, a third driving device 14 and a weighing sensor 15;
a first push rod 2 is arranged on one side of a first fixing frame 1, a first driving wheel 3 is arranged on the lower portion of the first fixing frame 1, the first driving wheel 3 is connected with a first driving device 4, a material box 5 is arranged on the first fixing frame 1, the top of the material box 5 is movably connected with a box cover 6, a rotating shaft 7 is arranged in the material box 5, the rotating shaft 7 is connected with a second driving device 8, and a stirring blade 9 is arranged on the rotating shaft 7;
the lower part of the feed box 5 is conical, the conical lower part of the feed box 5 is provided with a communicating channel 10, and the communicating channel 10 is connected with an output channel 11;
two baffles 12 are arranged in the communicating channel 10, the baffles 12 are connected with an electric telescopic rod 13, the electric telescopic rod 13 is connected with a third driving device 14, and a weighing sensor 15 is arranged on the baffle 12 at the lower part; open case lid 6, the fertilizer of supplementary fertilization in the workbin 5, pivot 7 drives the motion of stirring leaf 9, the fertilizer misce bene of being convenient for, first push rod 2 promotes the fertilizer injection unit motion, and first drive arrangement 4, second drive arrangement 8, third drive arrangement 14 is common drive arrangement, when fertilizer injection unit moves near fertilization cave, electric telescopic handle 13 on upper portion drives baffle 12 downstream on upper portion, fertilizer in the workbin 5 enters into on lower part baffle 12, weighing sensor 15 weighs, when weight satisfies the needs, electric telescopic handle 13 on upper portion drives baffle 12 upstream on upper portion, electric telescopic handle 13 on lower part drives baffle 12 downstream on lower part, be convenient for fertilizer is exported by the delivery channel 11 that intercommunication passageway 10 is connected.
Example 10:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 9, the lower wall of the output channel 11 is provided with a movable clamping groove 16, an output groove 17 is arranged in the movable clamping groove 16, the output groove 17 is connected with a hydraulic rod 18, and the hydraulic rod 18 is connected with a hydraulic pump 19;
the third driving device 14, the weighing sensor 15 and the hydraulic pump 19 are all connected with a fourth controller 20; the movable clamping groove 16 is arranged on the outer side of the output channel 11, and the output groove 17 connected with the hydraulic rod moves on the movable clamping groove 16, so that the output groove 17 can conveniently enter the upper part of the fertilizing hole, and the fertilizer can be conveniently output.
Example 11:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-10, the side wall of the material box 5 is a cavity structure, the upper part of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the material box 5 is provided with a communicating port, the communicating port of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the material box 5 is provided with filter cloth, and the cavity structure of the material box 5 is filled with drying agent. The drying agent is filled in the cavity structure of the material box 5, so that a dry environment is kept in the material box 5.
Example 12:
in step S6, the trimming device for trimming according to embodiments 1 to 11 includes: a second driving wheel 21, a fixed plate 22, a second push rod 23, a second fixed frame 24, a movable clamping groove 25, a fixed rod 26, a first hydraulic rod 27, a first hydraulic pump 28, a trimming hole 29, a trimming knife 30, a second hydraulic rod 31 and a second hydraulic pump 32;
a driving shaft of the second driving wheel 21 is connected to a fixing plate 22, a second push rod 23 is arranged at one end of the fixing plate 22, a second fixing frame 24 is arranged on the fixing plate 22, a movable clamping groove 25 is arranged on the side wall of the second fixing frame 24, a fixing rod 26 is arranged in the movable clamping groove 25, the fixing rod 26 is connected with a first hydraulic rod 27, and the first hydraulic rod 27 is connected with a first hydraulic pump 28;
a clamping plate 33 is arranged on the fixing rod 26, a trimming hole 29 is formed in the clamping plate 33, a trimming knife 30 is fixedly arranged on the clamping plate 33, a second hydraulic rod 31 is connected to one handle of the trimming knife 30, and the second hydraulic rod 31 is connected with a second hydraulic pump 32;
the clamping plates 33 are arranged in a U shape, and the first hydraulic pumps 28 are connected with a first controller 34; the second push rod 23 pushes the pruning device to be close to branches needing to be pruned of the camellia oleifera tree, the first hydraulic rod 27 pushes the fixed rod 26 to move in the movable clamping groove 25, the clamping plate 33 of the fixed rod 26 can conveniently move to the lower part of the pruned branches, one handle of the pruning knife 30 connected with the second hydraulic rod 31 moves, the pruning knife 30 can conveniently modify the branches, and the pruned branches are small branches; the clamping plate 33 is U-shaped, so that branches can be trimmed conveniently.
Example 13:
on the basis of embodiments 1 to 12, a clamping rod 35 is movably connected to one side wall of the clamping plate 33, the clamping rod 35 is connected to a fourth hydraulic rod 36, the fourth hydraulic rod 36 is connected to a fourth hydraulic pump 37, both the second hydraulic pump 32 and the fourth hydraulic pump 37 are connected to a second controller 38, the second controller 38 is connected to a control panel 39, and the control panel 39 is arranged on the second push rod 23; when branches exist in the clamping plate 33, the clamping rod 35 connected with the fourth hydraulic rod 36 moves, so that the clamping rod 35 and the clamping plate 33 form a closed area for facilitating trimming.
Example 13:
9. on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 12, the second fixing frame 24 includes a bottom plate 40, an arc-shaped slot 41 and a moving rod 42, the arc-shaped slot 41 is arranged on the top of the bottom plate 40, the moving rod 42 is arranged in the arc-shaped slot 41, and the moving slot 25 is arranged on the moving rod 42; the second fixing frame 24 comprises a bottom plate 40, an arc-shaped clamping groove 41 and a moving rod 42, wherein the moving rod 42 can move in the arc-shaped clamping groove 41, so that the direction of the second fixing frame 24 connected in the moving clamping groove 25 on the moving rod 42 can be adjusted well.
Example 14:
in addition to the embodiments 1 to 13, the movable rod 42 is movably connected with the third hydraulic rod 43, the third hydraulic rod 43 is connected with the third hydraulic pump 44, and the third hydraulic pump 44 is connected with the third controller 45;
the second fixing frame 24 is provided with a collecting box 46, and the top of the collecting box 46 is movably connected with a top cover 47; the travel bar 42 is connected to a third hydraulic rod 43. the third hydraulic rod 43 is connected to the base plate 40 to facilitate better connection of the travel bar 42 to the base plate 40.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A method for cultivating and planting camellia oleifera trees is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 address selection: selecting the hilly sunny slope with acid soil, deep soil layer and good drainage;
s2 soil preparation: preparing soil one month before planting, sterilizing soil, applying base fertilizer, and digging holes with depth of 40-50 cm;
s3 seed selection: selecting high-quality, easily-survived and disease and insect resistant seeds, carrying out germination acceleration in a ventilated environment, and carrying out seedling raising;
and S4 transplanting: selecting seedlings with good growth vigor, transplanting the seedlings at the interval of 2-2.5 multiplied by 3m, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and paving grass on the seedlings;
s5 topdressing; topdressing is carried out 4-5 and 7-8 months per year, and holes are dug 20-30cm near the camellia oleifera trees, wherein the depth of the holes is 20-30 cm;
s6 manages: regularly pruning, watering and preventing and controlling diseases and pests.
2. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the fertilizer of the base fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure, biogas residue, tea oil cake, bagasse, plant ash, urea and calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer is applied by 200-300kg per mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 20-40 parts of biogas residues, 10-30 parts of tea oil cakes, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 30-50 parts of urea and 10-20 parts of calcium superphosphate.
3. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the top dressing fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, straws, potassium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, phosphoric diamine and bagasse, and 50-80kg of the top dressing fertilizer is applied to each mu;
the base fertilizers comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 10-20 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 4-8 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 2-6 parts of phosphoric acid diamine and 10-20 parts of bagasse.
4. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the additional fertilization device for additional fertilization includes: the device comprises a first fixing frame (1), a first push rod (2), a first driving wheel (3), a first driving device (4), a material box (5), a box cover (6), a rotating shaft (7), a second driving device (8), stirring blades (9), a communicating channel (10), an output channel (11), a baffle plate (12), an electric telescopic rod (13), a third driving device (14) and a weighing sensor (15);
a first push rod (2) is arranged on one side of the first fixing frame (1), a first driving wheel (3) is arranged on the lower portion of the first fixing frame (1), the first driving wheel (3) is connected with a first driving device (4), a material box (5) is arranged on the first fixing frame (1), the top of the material box (5) is movably connected with a box cover (6), a rotating shaft (7) is arranged in the material box (5), the rotating shaft (7) is connected with a second driving device (8), and stirring blades (9) are arranged on the rotating shaft (7);
the lower part of the material box (5) is conical, the conical lower part of the material box (5) is provided with a communicating channel (10), and the communicating channel (10) is connected with an output channel (11);
two baffles (12) are arranged in the communicating channel (10), the baffles (12) are connected with an electric telescopic rod (13), the electric telescopic rod (13) is connected with a third driving device (14), and a weighing sensor (15) is arranged on the baffle (12) at the lower part.
5. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: a movable clamping groove (16) is formed in the lower wall of the output channel (11), an output groove (17) is formed in the movable clamping groove (16), the output groove (17) is connected with a hydraulic rod (18), and the hydraulic rod (18) is connected with a hydraulic pump (19);
the third driving device (14), the weighing sensor (15) and the hydraulic pump (19) are all connected with a fourth controller (20).
6. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the side wall of the work bin (5) is of a cavity structure, a communicating opening is formed in the upper portion of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the work bin (5), filter cloth is arranged at the communicating opening of the inner wall of the cavity structure of the work bin (5), and drying agents are filled in the cavity structure of the work bin (5).
7. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S6, the trimming device for trimming includes: the device comprises a second driving wheel (21), a fixing plate (22), a second push rod (23), a second fixing frame (24), a movable clamping groove (25), a fixing rod (26), a first hydraulic rod (27), a first hydraulic pump (28), a trimming hole (29), a trimming knife (30), a second hydraulic rod (31) and a second hydraulic pump (32);
the driving shaft of the second driving wheel (21) is connected to the fixing plate (22), one end of the fixing plate (22) is provided with a second push rod (23), the fixing plate (22) is provided with a second fixing frame (24), the side wall of the second fixing frame (24) is provided with a movable clamping groove (25), a fixing rod (26) is arranged in the movable clamping groove (25), the fixing rod (26) is connected with a first hydraulic rod (27), and the first hydraulic rod (27) is connected with a first hydraulic pump (28);
a clamping plate (33) is arranged on the fixing rod (26), a trimming hole (29) is formed in the clamping plate (33), a trimming knife (30) is fixedly arranged on the clamping plate (33), a second hydraulic rod (31) is connected to one handle of the trimming knife (30), and the second hydraulic rod (31) is connected with a second hydraulic pump (32);
the clamping plate (33) is U-shaped, and the first hydraulic pumps (28) are connected with a first controller (34).
8. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: clamping rod (35) is movably connected to one side wall of the clamping plate (33), the clamping rod (35) is connected with a fourth hydraulic rod (36), the fourth hydraulic rod (36) is connected with a fourth hydraulic pump (37), the second hydraulic pump (32) and the fourth hydraulic pump (37) are both connected with a second controller (38), the second controller (38) is connected with a control panel (39), and the control panel (39) is arranged on the second push rod (23).
9. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the second fixing frame (24) comprises a bottom plate (40), an arc-shaped clamping groove (41) and a moving rod (42), the arc-shaped clamping groove (41) is formed in the top of the bottom plate (40), the moving rod (42) is arranged in the arc-shaped clamping groove (41), and the moving clamping groove (25) is formed in the moving rod (42).
10. The camellia oleifera cultivation and planting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the movable rod (42) is movably connected with a third hydraulic rod (43), the third hydraulic rod (43) is connected with a third hydraulic pump (44), and the third hydraulic pump (44) is connected with a third controller (45);
the second fixing frame (24) is provided with a collecting box (46), and the top of the collecting box (46) is movably connected with a top cover (47).
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