CN110972801A - Planting method of camellia oleifera - Google Patents
Planting method of camellia oleifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972801A CN110972801A CN202010008095.7A CN202010008095A CN110972801A CN 110972801 A CN110972801 A CN 110972801A CN 202010008095 A CN202010008095 A CN 202010008095A CN 110972801 A CN110972801 A CN 110972801A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of camellia oleifera, which comprises site selection, soil preparation, planting, management after planting, shaping and pruning, and pest control, wherein soil, saplings and fertilizers are scientifically treated, and limestone powder is added, so that the effects of disinfection and sterilization can be achieved, the pH of the soil can be adjusted, and a proper growth environment is provided for the growth of the saplings; the seedlings are soaked in the rooting solution, the rooting solution contains effective components, disease resistance and root development of the transplanted seedlings are improved, survival rate is increased, management of young tea-oil trees and the tea-oil trees in the forest forming period is carried out in different periods after the tea-oil trees are transplanted, good growth environment of the tea-oil trees can be guaranteed through management of water management, top dressing, shaping, trimming and the like after planting, and the purposes of fast forest forming and multiple fruit bearing are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting of oil tea.
Background
Camellia oleifera belongs to Theaceae, and is a evergreen small arbor. Its seed can be used for extracting oil (tea oil) for eating, so its name is; the seed contains more than 30% of oil, and can be used for eating, hair moistening, medicine preparation, candle and soap, or used as engine oil substitute. Camellia oleifera, oil palm, olive and coconut are called four woody edible oil plants in the world: the tea oil is clear in color, delicious, rich in nutrition and long in storage life, and is high-quality edible oil; the camellia has high comprehensive utilization value, and the camellia seed meal contains tea saponin, tea seed polysaccharide, tea seed protein and the like, which are raw materials of products in chemical industry, light industry, food industry, feed industry and the like.
The technical content is low, the tea-oil tree planting method is also in a extensive management planting stage, standardized, large-scale and scientific planting is not formed, meanwhile, due to the fact that a planting user is influenced by traditional concepts, selection of good tea-oil tree seedlings is not emphasized, management such as pruning, fertilization and pest control of the tea-oil tree is not emphasized, tea-oil quality is influenced, the tea-oil tree planting period is long, management requirements are high, the survival rate of tea seeds is low, the yield is low, the quality is poor, expected economic benefits and ecological benefits are not achieved, and the enthusiasm of farmers for planting the tea-oil trees is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method of camellia oleifera, which improves the planting survival rate of camellia oleifera trees by a scientific planting method so as to achieve the purposes of increasing and stabilizing yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a planting method of camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) site selection and soil preparation: selecting fertile and loose soil, wherein the water content of the soil is 12-15%, adjusting the pH value of the soil to be 5.5-6.5, deeply ploughing and turning the soil, spreading lime powder for disinfection, standing for 3-5 days, applying enough base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the soil, deeply ploughing again, crushing the soil, making ridge rows, wherein the row spacing between the ridge rows is 3-4m, mixing charcoal and grass clippings, and uniformly scattering the charcoal and the grass clippings in the furrows between the ridges.
(2) Planting: digging 60 x 80cm fixed planting holes according to the specification of digging the row spacing of 1.8-2.2m, selecting seedlings with the height of 30-40cm, no diseases and good growth as transplanting seedlings, and placing the roots of the transplanting seedlings in rooting liquid for soaking for 20-25 min; righting the treated seedlings, placing the seedlings into holes, backfilling fine soil, compacting, and spraying water.
The rooting solution comprises, by weight, 12-18 parts of indolebutyric acid, 2-4 parts of biotin, 1-2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3-7 parts of ABT rooting powder and 1-2 parts of acetylsalicylic acid.
(3) Managing after planting: watering once every 5-7 days 1-6 months after planting, wherein the water amount is 240ml per plant; applying the special fertilizer for the seedlings every 10-15 days, wherein the using amount is 200 plus 220 g/plant; after transplanting for 2 years, intertillage weeding is carried out for 5-6 months and 8-9 months, and decomposed farmyard manure is applied every 1-2 months.
(4) Shaping and trimming: when the height of the seedling reaches 0.8-1.1m, the top end is removed to promote the first-stage branching, the branch at the center of the branch is selected as the trunk of the second-stage branch for culture, when the length reaches 50-60cm, the second-stage branching is promoted, the branch at the center is kept as the third-stage branch, and when the third-stage branching is completed, the top of all branches is picked, the longitudinal growth of the branches is controlled, and the transverse growth is promoted.
(5) And (3) pest control: the insect pest control is carried out by spraying biological agents, insect killing lamps, insect luring devices or artificial killing modes.
Preferably, the base fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 220 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45-65 parts of plant ash, 30-50 parts of peanut shell, 30-50 parts of peanut bran, 20-40 parts of straw residue, 15-25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12-25 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 1-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
Preferably, the special seedling fertilizer in the step (3) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-48 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 25-36 parts of straw powder, 15-25 parts of plant ash, 8-14 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3-8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-12 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 3-7 parts of potassium fulvate and 1-6 parts of boric acid.
Preferably, the depth of intertillage weeding in the step (3) is 12-15 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil, the saplings and the fertilizer are scientifically treated, and due to the addition of the limestone powder, the effects of disinfection and sterilization can be achieved, the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, and a proper growth environment is provided for the growth of the saplings; the seedlings are soaked in the rooting solution, the rooting solution contains effective components, disease resistance and root development of the transplanted seedlings are improved, survival rate is increased, management of young tea-oil trees and the tea-oil trees in the forest forming period is carried out in different periods after the tea-oil trees are transplanted, good growth environment of the tea-oil trees can be guaranteed through management of water management, top dressing, shaping, trimming and the like after planting, and the purposes of fast forest forming and multiple fruit bearing are achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described by the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Site selection and soil preparation: selecting fertile and loose soil, wherein the water content of the soil is 12-15%, adjusting the pH value of the soil to be 5.5-6.5, deeply ploughing and turning the soil, spreading lime powder for disinfection, standing for 3-5 days, applying enough base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the soil, deeply ploughing again, crushing the soil, making ridge rows, wherein the row spacing between the ridge rows is 3-4m, mixing charcoal and grass clippings, and uniformly scattering the charcoal and the grass clippings in the furrows between the ridges.
The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of peanut shell, 40 parts of peanut bran, 30 parts of straw residue, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of urea, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
(2) Planting: digging 60 x 80cm plant-setting holes according to the plant row spacing 2m, selecting seedlings with the height of 30cm, no diseases and good growth as transplanting seedlings, and placing the roots of the transplanting seedlings in a rooting solution for soaking for 20-25 min; righting the treated seedlings, placing the seedlings into holes, backfilling fine soil, compacting, and spraying water.
The rooting solution comprises 15 parts of indolebutyric acid, 2 parts of biotin, 1 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 4 parts of ABT rooting powder and 1 part of acetylsalicylic acid in parts by weight.
(3) Managing after planting: watering once every 5-7 days after planting for 1-6 months, wherein the water amount is 160ml per plant; applying a special seedling fertilizer every 10-15 days, wherein the using amount is 200g per plant; and after transplanting for 2 years, intertillage weeding is carried out for 5-6 months and 8-9 months, the depth of the intertillage weeding is 12-15cm, and decomposed farmyard manure is applied every 1-2 months.
The special seedling fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 28 parts of straw powder, 20 parts of plant ash, 12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of potassium nitrate, 12 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of potassium fulvate and 2 parts of boric acid.
(4) Shaping and trimming: when the height of the seedling reaches 0.8-1.1m, the top end is removed to promote the first-stage branching, the branch at the center of the branch is selected as the trunk of the second-stage branch for culture, when the length reaches 50-60cm, the second-stage branching is promoted, the branch at the center is kept as the third-stage branch, and when the third-stage branching is completed, the top of all branches is picked, the longitudinal growth of the branches is controlled, and the transverse growth is promoted.
(5) And (3) pest control: the insect pest control is carried out by spraying biological agents, insect killing lamps, insect luring devices or artificial killing modes.
Example 2
(1) Site selection and soil preparation: selecting fertile and loose soil, wherein the water content of the soil is 12-15%, adjusting the pH value of the soil to be 5.5-6.5, deeply ploughing and turning the soil, spreading lime powder for disinfection, standing for 3-5 days, applying enough base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the soil, deeply ploughing again, crushing the soil, making ridge rows, wherein the row spacing between the ridge rows is 3-4m, mixing charcoal and grass clippings, and uniformly scattering the charcoal and the grass clippings in the furrows between the ridges.
The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 220 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 60 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of peanut shell, 45 parts of peanut bran, 35 parts of straw residue, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 25 parts of urea, 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 4 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
(2) Planting: digging 60 x 80cm fixed planting holes according to the row spacing 2.2m, selecting the seedling with the height of 40cm, no disease and good growth as a transplanted seedling, and placing the root of the transplanted seedling in a rooting solution for soaking for 20-25 min; righting the treated seedlings, placing the seedlings into holes, backfilling fine soil, compacting, and spraying water.
The rooting solution comprises 12 parts of indolebutyric acid, 4 parts of biotin, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 6 parts of ABT rooting powder and 2 parts of acetylsalicylic acid in parts by weight.
(3) Managing after planting: watering every 5-7 days for 1-6 months after planting, wherein the water amount is 200ml for each plant; applying a special seedling fertilizer every 10-15 days, wherein the using amount is 220g per plant; and after transplanting for 2 years, intertillage weeding is carried out for 5-6 months and 8-9 months, the depth of the intertillage weeding is 12-15cm, and decomposed farmyard manure is applied every 1-2 months.
The special seedling fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 25 parts of straw powder, 25 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of potassium fulvate and 4 parts of boric acid.
(4) Shaping and trimming: when the height of the seedling reaches 0.8-1.1m, the top end is removed to promote the first-stage branching, the branch at the center of the branch is selected as the trunk of the second-stage branch for culture, when the length reaches 50-60cm, the second-stage branching is promoted, the branch at the center is kept as the third-stage branch, and when the third-stage branching is completed, the top of all branches is picked, the longitudinal growth of the branches is controlled, and the transverse growth is promoted.
(5) And (3) pest control: the insect pest control is carried out by spraying biological agents, insect killing lamps, insect luring devices or artificial killing modes.
Claims (4)
1. The planting method of the camellia oleifera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) site selection and soil preparation: selecting fertile and loose soil, wherein the water content of the soil is 12-15%, adjusting the pH value of the soil to 5.5-6.5, deeply ploughing and turning the soil, spreading lime powder for disinfection, standing for 3-5 days, applying enough base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the fertilizer and the soil, deeply ploughing again, crushing the soil, making ridge rows, wherein the row spacing between the ridge rows is 3-4m, mixing charcoal and grass clippings, and uniformly scattering the charcoal and the grass clippings in the furrows among the ridges;
(2) planting: digging 60 x 80cm fixed planting holes according to the specification of digging the row spacing of 1.8-2.2m, selecting seedlings with the height of 30-40cm, no diseases and good growth as transplanting seedlings, and placing the roots of the transplanting seedlings in rooting liquid for soaking for 20-25 min; righting the treated seedlings, placing the seedlings into holes, backfilling fine soil, compacting, and spraying water;
the rooting solution comprises, by weight, 12-18 parts of indolebutyric acid, 2-4 parts of biotin, 1-2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3-7 parts of ABT rooting powder and 1-2 parts of acetylsalicylic acid;
(3) managing after planting: watering once every 5-7 days 1-6 months after planting, wherein the water amount is 240ml per plant; applying the special fertilizer for the seedlings every 10-15 days, wherein the using amount is 200 plus 220 g/plant; after transplanting for 2 years, intertillage weeding is carried out for 5-6 months and 8-9 months, and decomposed farmyard manure is applied every 1-2 months;
(4) shaping and trimming: when the height of the seedling reaches 0.8-1.1m, the top end is removed, first-stage branching is promoted, the branch at the center of the branch is selected as the trunk of the second-stage branch for culture, the second-stage branching is promoted when the length reaches 50-60cm, the branch at the center is reserved as the third-stage branch, and when the third-stage branching is completed, the top of all the branches is picked, the longitudinal growth of the branches is controlled, and the transverse growth is promoted;
(5) and (3) pest control: the insect pest control is carried out by spraying biological agents, insect killing lamps, insect luring devices or artificial killing modes.
2. The camellia oleifera planting method according to claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 220 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45-65 parts of plant ash, 30-50 parts of peanut shell, 30-50 parts of peanut bran, 20-40 parts of straw residue, 15-25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12-25 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 1-5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
3. The camellia oleifera planting method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling-specific fertilizer in the step (3) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-48 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 25-36 parts of straw powder, 15-25 parts of plant ash, 8-14 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3-8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-12 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 3-7 parts of potassium fulvate and 1-6 parts of boric acid.
4. The camellia oleifera planting method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of intertillage weeding in the step (3) is 12-15 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010008095.7A CN110972801A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Planting method of camellia oleifera |
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| CN202010008095.7A CN110972801A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Planting method of camellia oleifera |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455268A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-01 | 锦屏县金森林业投资开发有限公司 | Camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method |
| CN113875472A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-04 | 中南林业科技大学 | Tea oil tree planting method through soil improvement |
-
2020
- 2020-01-06 CN CN202010008095.7A patent/CN110972801A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455268A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-01 | 锦屏县金森林业投资开发有限公司 | Camellia oleifera tree cultivation and planting method |
| CN113875472A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-04 | 中南林业科技大学 | Tea oil tree planting method through soil improvement |
| CN113875472B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-02-21 | 中南林业科技大学 | Tea oil tree planting method through soil improvement |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |