CN113207566A - Method for binding and cultivating dendrobium officinale broadleaf living tree to prevent damage of rats - Google Patents
Method for binding and cultivating dendrobium officinale broadleaf living tree to prevent damage of rats Download PDFInfo
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- CN113207566A CN113207566A CN202110548983.2A CN202110548983A CN113207566A CN 113207566 A CN113207566 A CN 113207566A CN 202110548983 A CN202110548983 A CN 202110548983A CN 113207566 A CN113207566 A CN 113207566A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium cultivation, and discloses a method for binding and cultivating anti-aging mouse hazards of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a broad-leaved living tree body with a trunk diameter of more than 10cm, a tree body moisture content of more than 15%, a crown density of 0.6-0.8, a bark thickness of 0.3-1 cm and a trunk with longitudinal fissure furrows; (2) before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-disease branches, twigs and vines on the trunks of the broad-leaf living trees, and smearing the trunks which are 50cm below the ground surface with a special rat repellent; (3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree above 50cm away from the ground according to the plant layer distance of 20-30 cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp nets, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk with hemp ropes; (4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened; (5) and (6) harvesting. The method can effectively reduce the damage of mice to the dendrobium officinale, improve the yield of the dendrobium officinale and reduce the cost of manual management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium cultivation, in particular to a method for binding cultivation of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees to prevent damages of rats.
Background
Dendrobium officinale (Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo) is a traditional famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine, is the head of common sianchau, and has the effects of nourishing yin and moisturizing lung, nourishing stomach and promoting fluid production, tonifying internal organs and consumptive disease and the like. Dendrobium officinale generally grows on semi-yin wet rocks in mountainous regions with the altitude of more than 1600 meters, prefers warm humid climate and semi-yin and semi-yang environment, and is not cold-resistant. Dendrobium officinale has unique medicinal value, and its stem can be used as medicine. The dendrobium officinale is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions such as China, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam and the like, and takes Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and the like as primary production regions in China.
Wild dendrobium officinale is generally parasitized on old trees and cliff in millennia and picked in large quantities due to high development value, wild resources are nearly exhausted, and in recent years, dendrobium officinale is rapidly developed under the support of biological cloning technology, and a large amount of dendrobium officinale cultivated in a shed is sold on the market. Because of the greenhouse type growth environment and the lack of the advantages of original ecological factors such as field rain and dew, climate, day and night temperature difference and the like, the quality and the medicinal curative effect of the dendrobium officinale product are far from those of wild varieties. Many farmers begin to pay attention to this point and gradually transplant tissue culture seedlings to the field or to the trees. However, when the dendrobium officinale is transplanted on a tree, the dendrobium officinale is easily damaged by mice, ants, birds, insects and the like, particularly, the mice are mostly damaged, so that the yield is seriously influenced, the manual management cost is too high, and the twenty-four hour management is not easy to carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees to prevent the damage of mice, effectively reduces the damage of the mice to the dendrobium officinale by a special broadleaf living tree binding and cultivating technology, improves the yield of the dendrobium officinale, reduces the cost of manual management and improves the yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaved living tree body with a trunk diameter of more than 10cm, a tree body moisture content of more than 15%, a crown density of 0.6-0.8, a bark thickness of 0.3-1 cm, roughness and a longitudinal crack furrow on the trunk;
(2) cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rat repelling agent, and smearing the tree trunk which is 50cm away from the ground;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree above 50cm away from the ground according to the plant layer distance of 20-30 cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp nets, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk with hemp ropes;
(4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
(5) harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees to prevent the damage of the rats, in the step (3), the seedling raising method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps: selecting axillary buds between stem segments of dendrobium officinale with the length of 0.8-1.5 cm, cutting the axillary buds, disinfecting on an ultra-clean workbench, cleaning with clear water, airing, inoculating the cut axillary buds into a culture medium after autoclaving, placing the axillary buds in a greenhouse for culture, controlling the temperature at 20-30 ℃ in the daytime and 15-25 ℃ at night, and hardening seedlings after culturing for 60 days to obtain the dendrobium officinale seedlings.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees to prevent the damage of the rats, the temperature is kept at 24-26 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1500-2000 lx, and the illumination time is 12-15 h/d during seedling hardening.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for bundling and cultivating the old mouse hazards by using the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees, the culture medium takes 1/4MS culture medium as a basic culture medium, and 1-5 mg/L of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, bagasse, wood chips, activated carbon, vitamin B1 and agar are added.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the old mouse hazard by the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living tree, the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 1/4MS culture medium, 1-2 parts of 1-5 mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid, 1-3 parts of bagasse, 0.5-2 parts of wood chips, 0.5-1 part of activated carbon, 11-2 parts of vitamin B and 3-5 parts of agar.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for bundling and cultivating the damage of the aging mouse by using the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees, in the step (1), the broadleaf living trees are broadleaf living trees such as cyclobalanopsis glauca, cinnamomum camphora and schima superba.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees to prevent the damage of the rats, in the step (3), the upper end and the lower end of the trunk of the living dendrobium officinale trees bound with the dendrobium officinale living trees are wrapped by stainless steel window screens.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees to prevent the damage of the rats, in the step (3), the distance between the stainless steel window gauze and the dendrobium officinale at the upper end and the lower end of the trunk is kept to be 5-8 cm, so that the growth of the dendrobium officinale is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees to prevent the damage of the rats, in the step (3), the cultivation time is 3-4 months, and the cultivation environment temperature is 18-25 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the harm of mice to the dendrobium officinale is effectively reduced through a special broad-leaf living tree binding cultivation technology, the yield of the dendrobium officinale is improved, and the cost of manual management is reduced.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
The invention provides a method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard by dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaved living tree body with a trunk diameter of more than 10cm, a tree body moisture content of more than 15%, a crown density of 0.6-0.8, a bark thickness of 0.3-1 cm, roughness and a longitudinal crack furrow on the trunk;
the living tree cultivation is an ecological cultivation mode which is carried out by attaching the dendrobium officinale to a trunk or thicker branches by shading the crown of the dendrobium officinale according to the shading growth characteristics of the dendrobium officinale, so as to simulate the wild environment of the dendrobium officinale, and therefore, the selection of the attached host is particularly important. In the step, the broad-leaved living tree bodies with the trunk diameter of more than 10cm, the tree body moisture content of more than 15%, the crown density of 0.6-0.8, the bark thickness of 0.3-1 cm, roughness and longitudinal crack furrows on the trunk are preferentially selected, so that the optimal growth environment can be provided for the dendrobium officinale, and the growth characteristics of the dendrobium officinale can be met.
(2) Cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rodenticide, and smearing the trunk which is 50cm below the ground to reduce the damage of the rats and create a good growth environment for the dendrobium officinale;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree above 50cm away from the ground according to the plant layer distance of 20-30 cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp nets, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk with hemp ropes;
when binding, only binding the root without binding the stem base to facilitate germination, but not binding the part too low, otherwise, the fixation and erection of the plant are affected, and even the growth is affected. After planting, spraying for 1-2 hours every day to keep the bark moist.
(4) And (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
the inventor finds that the flower buds are cut off when the flower buds of the dendrobium officinale are not opened, so that the probability that the dendrobium officinale is invaded by mice can be obviously reduced.
(5) Harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
Preferably, in the step (3), the dendrobium officinale seedling raising method comprises the following steps: selecting axillary buds between stem segments of dendrobium officinale with the length of 0.8-1.5 cm, cutting the axillary buds, disinfecting on an ultra-clean workbench, cleaning with clear water, airing, inoculating the cut axillary buds into a culture medium after autoclaving, placing the axillary buds in a greenhouse for culture, controlling the temperature at 20-30 ℃ in the daytime and 15-25 ℃ at night, and hardening seedlings after culturing for 60 days to obtain the dendrobium officinale seedlings.
The seedling method adopts the axillary buds between stem segments of the dendrobium as propagules, maintains the integrity of parent plants, and has high breeding survival rate and high propagation multiple.
Preferably, during seedling hardening, the temperature is kept at 24-26 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1500-2000 lx, and the illumination time is 12-15 h/d.
Preferably, the culture medium takes 1/4MS culture medium as basic culture medium, and 1-5 mg/L of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, bagasse, wood chips, activated carbon, vitamin B1 and agar are added.
Preferably, the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 1/4MS culture medium, 1-2 parts of 1-5 mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid, 1-3 parts of bagasse, 0.5-2 parts of wood chips, 0.5-1 part of activated carbon, 11-2 parts of vitamin B and 3-5 parts of agar.
Preferably, in the step (1), the selection of the subsidiary part is particularly important, and it is preferable to select a tree species which has moderate trunk (or branch), more body water, luxuriant crown, thicker bark, more longitudinal cracks, no natural falling of bark and easy management, preferably a broad-leaved living tree such as cyclobalanopsis glauca, cinnamomum camphora and schima superba, and generally not select a tree species which naturally falls off bark such as pine, birch, toona sinensis and eucalyptus.
Preferably, in the step (3), the upper end and the lower end of the trunk of the living tree bound with the dendrobium officinale are wrapped by a stainless steel window gauze.
Preferably, in the step (3), a distance of 5-8 cm is kept between the stainless steel window gauze and the dendrobium officinale at the upper end and the lower end of the trunk, so that the growth of the dendrobium officinale is facilitated.
Preferably, in the step (3), the cultivation time is 3-4 months, and the temperature of the cultivation environment is 18-25 ℃.
Example 1
A method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaf living tree body with the diameter of a trunk of 10cm, the water content of the tree body of 15%, the density of a crown of 0.6, the thickness of a bark of 0.3cm, roughness and a longitudinal crack furrow on the trunk;
(2) cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rat repelling agent, and smearing the tree trunk which is 50cm away from the ground;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree 50cm away from the ground, wherein the plant layer distance is 20cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp net, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk by using a hemp rope;
(4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
(5) harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
Example 2
A method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaf living tree body with the diameter of a trunk of 15cm, the water content of the tree body of 20%, the density of a crown of 0.8, the thickness of a bark of 0.5cm, roughness and a longitudinal crack furrow on the trunk;
(2) cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rat repelling agent, and smearing the tree trunk which is 50cm away from the ground;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree 60cm away from the ground, binding the dendrobium officinale according to the plant layer distance of 30cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with moss, wrapping the dendrobium officinale with hemp nets, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk by hemp ropes;
(4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
(5) harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
Example 3
A method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaf living tree body with the diameter of a trunk being 20cm, the water content of the tree body being 25%, the density of a crown being 0.7, the thickness of a bark being 1cm, the trunk being rough and having longitudinal crack furrows;
(2) cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rat repelling agent, and smearing the tree trunk which is 50cm away from the ground;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree 60cm away from the ground according to the plant layer distance of 30cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp net, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk by using a hemp rope;
(4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
(5) harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
Comparative example 1
Step (2) was omitted and the remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Step (4) was omitted and the rest of the steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Step (2) and step (4) were omitted, and the remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Effects of the embodiment
The survival rates of the dendrobium officinale in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were respectively counted, and the final average yield was counted, with the results shown in the following table.
From the above table, the survival rate of the dendrobium officinale in the examples 1 to 3 is obviously higher than that in the comparative examples 1 to 3, which shows that the survival rate of the dendrobium officinale in the steps (2) and (4) can be obviously improved, and by observing the field conditions of the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3, it is found that the field traces of bite and climbing of the mice in the examples 1 to 3 are obviously less than that in the comparative examples 1 to 3, meanwhile, the average yield of the examples 1 to 3 is also obviously higher than that in the comparative examples 1 to 3, and the number of bites of the mice in the finally cultivated dendrobium officinale in the examples 1 to 3 is also obviously less than that in the comparative examples 1 to 3.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for binding and cultivating an anti-aging mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a broad leaf living tree body: selecting a broad-leaved living tree body with a trunk diameter of more than 10cm, a tree body moisture content of more than 15%, a crown density of 0.6-0.8, a bark thickness of 0.3-1 cm and a trunk with longitudinal fissure furrows;
(2) cleaning the living tree body: before cultivation, removing all dead branches, insect-pest branches, twigs and vines on the trunk of the broad-leaf living tree, and adding carboxymethyl cellulose: stearic acid monoglyceride: asphalt: petrolatum 1: 1: 3: 5 preparing a rat repelling agent, and smearing the tree trunk which is 50cm away from the ground;
(3) cultivation: binding the dendrobium officinale on the trunk of the tree above 50cm away from the ground according to the plant layer distance of 20-30 cm, wrapping the root of the dendrobium officinale with water moss during binding, wrapping with hemp nets, and finally binding and fixing the dendrobium officinale on the trunk with hemp ropes;
(4) and (3) growth management: cutting off the buds of the dendrobium officinale when the buds are not opened;
(5) harvesting: the stem is harvested from winter to next year before germination, and the harvesting time of flowers is from twelve months per year to one month in next year.
2. The method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living tree into the aged mouse hazards according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the seedling raising method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps: selecting axillary buds between stem segments of dendrobium officinale with the length of 0.8-1.5 cm, cutting the axillary buds, disinfecting on an ultra-clean workbench, cleaning with clear water, airing, inoculating the cut axillary buds into a culture medium after autoclaving, placing the axillary buds in a greenhouse for culture, controlling the temperature at 20-30 ℃ in the daytime and 15-25 ℃ at night, and hardening seedlings after culturing for 60 days to obtain the dendrobium officinale.
3. The method for binding and cultivating the old mouse hazards in the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees according to claim 2, wherein the temperature is kept at 24-26 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1500-2000 lx, and the illumination time is 12-15 h/d during seedling hardening.
4. The method for binding cultivation of the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees against the damage of the aging rats as claimed in claim 2, wherein the culture medium is 1/4MS culture medium as a basic culture medium, and 1-5 mg/L of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, bagasse, wood chips, activated carbon, vitamin B1 and agar are added.
5. The method for binding and cultivating the old mouse hazard of dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees according to claim 4, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 1/4MS culture medium, 1-2 parts of 1-5 mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid, 1-3 parts of bagasse, 0.5-2 parts of wood chips, 0.5-1 part of activated carbon, 11-2 parts of vitamin B and 3-5 parts of agar.
6. The method for binding and cultivating the old mouse damage of the dendrobium officinale living broadleaf trees according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the living broadleaf trees are the green roughhaired holly, the cinnamomum camphora or the schima superba.
7. The method for binding and cultivating the old mouse hazards in the living dendrobium officinale broadleaf trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the upper and lower ends of the trunk of the living dendrobium officinale broadleaf trees bound with the dendrobium officinale are wrapped by stainless steel window screens.
8. The method for binding and cultivating the dendrobium officinale broadleaf living trees against the damage of the rats according to claim 7, wherein the distance between the stainless steel window gauze and the dendrobium officinale at the upper end and the lower end of the trunk is 5-8 cm.
9. The method for binding and cultivating the living dendrobium officinale and broadleaf tree with the aging mouse hazards according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the cultivation time is 3-4 months, and the cultivation environment temperature is 18-25 ℃.
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