CN113016545B - Method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of green light and simplified agriculture for improving quality and efficiency of after-vegetable compound planting green manure. The method comprises the following steps: after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing, and planting in wide and narrow rows; the wide and narrow rows comprise narrow row furrows and wide row ridges; the sowing comprises the steps of mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing the seeds on two sides of narrow-row furrows, and scattering and covering plateau summer tailstocks on wide-row ridge surfaces during sowing; and after frost falls, returning the green manure to the field. The method can reduce the working links of cleaning the tail vegetables, harrowing, pressing and the like after harvesting the plateau summer vegetables, save the investment of machinery and labor force, and provide technical support for realizing the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of the plateau summer vegetables by inserting green manure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green and light simplified agriculture for improving quality and efficiency of post-vegetable compound planting green manure, in particular to a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables.
Background
The summer vegetables in the highland and the northwest of China, which are vegetables suitable for growing in cold regions in summer, can effectively fill the gaps of vegetable production in the southeast and the summer season of the south, and play an important role in guaranteeing the market supply and balance of vegetables in China. However, in recent years, with the drive of special agricultural resource conditions, planting industry structure adjustment and economic benefits, the plateau summer vegetable industry is developed vigorously, but in the production process, crop rotation and stubble rotation are difficult, continuous cropping is common all the year round, and the problems of farmland quality damage, vegetable pest and disease damage aggravation, yield and quality reduction, economic benefit decline and the like are increasingly serious. The green manure is a green organic fertilizer source, and the planted green manure can provide good crops for next crops for rotation and has great potential in the aspects of improving soil quality, breaking continuous cropping obstacles, improving yield and quality of agricultural products and the like. However, how to plant a season green manure crop in the idle period of plateau summer vegetable planting in northwest areas with frost-free periods of more 150-180 days and save cost as much as possible is a main bottleneck for popularizing and applying a green planting mode of improving the yield and quality of plateau summer vegetables through green manure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables. The method disclosed by the invention can complete the operations of ditching, crushing the tail vegetables, scattering the tail vegetables on the wide-row ridge surface, sowing green manure and the like at one time, can reduce the operation links of cleaning the tail vegetables, harrowing, pressing and the like after harvesting the plateau summer vegetables, saves the mechanical and labor input, and provides technical support for improving the quality and the efficiency of the plateau summer vegetables by planting the green manure.
The invention provides a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, which comprises the following steps:
after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing, and planting in wide and narrow rows; the wide and narrow rows comprise narrow row furrows and wide row ridges; the sowing comprises the steps of mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing the mixture on two sides of narrow-row furrows, and scattering plateau summer tail vegetables to cover the surfaces of wide-row ridges while sowing; and after frost falls, returning the green manure to the field.
Preferably, the sowing is completed within 2 days after the harvest of the plateau summer vegetables.
Preferably, after the plateau summer vegetables are harvested, the method also comprises the step of cleaning and recovering the mulching film and the drip irrigation tape.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mixture of the leguminous green manure and the gramineous green manure seeds is (5-7): 1.
Preferably, the legume green fertilizer comprises vicia sativa and/or vicia trichocarpa; the green manure of Gramineae comprises barley and/or triticale.
Preferably, the sowing uses a full-field winding-proof no-tillage sowing machine.
Preferably, the sowing depth is 3-5 cm, and the sowing amount is 225-300 kg/hm 2 。
Preferably, the wide row spacing of the wide and narrow rows is 18-25 cm, and the narrow row spacing is 12-18 cm; the height of the wide-row ridge is 5-8 cm.
Preferably, the returning method comprises green pressing and returning or shallow spinning returning.
Preferably, when the plant height of the green manure is more than 30cm, the field returning method is shallow spiral field returning; the depth of the shallow rotary returning is 10-15 cm; and before returning the shallow rotation to the field, crushing the green manure plants to 5-10 cm.
The invention provides a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, and particularly relates to a simple operation method for improving the quality and the efficiency of the green manure during rush seeding after harvesting the plateau summer vegetables. The method can effectively solve the problems that in a green planting mode that the yield and the quality of the plateau summer vegetables are improved by green manure stubble-cutting after the plateau summer vegetables are harvested, the farming time is delayed due to drying, cleaning, plowing and harrowing of the tail vegetables in a green manure sowing link, and the mechanical and labor input is increased, can advance the sowing of the green manure of the vegetables after the plateau summer vegetables for 7-15 days, avoids the problems that the growth cycle of the green manure is short and the biomass is low due to insufficient growing seasons after the plateau summer vegetables are harvested, and the exertion of the green manure benefit is influenced, and simultaneously enables the tail vegetables to be covered on the drying ground surface for subsequent treatment and inhibits the evaporation of soil moisture, thereby playing the roles of storing soil moisture and preserving water, and finally realizing the green, light and simple planting effect of the plateau summer vegetables with combination of cultivation for cultivated land and product quality improvement and efficiency improvement. Test results show that the method can effectively solve the problems of time and labor consumption and mechanical investment increase in the operation links of vegetable treatment, plowing, harrowing and grinding after vegetable harvesting, has the effects of reducing farming and saving farming time, reduces the fuel oil power input by more than 48%, and throws and covers the waste vegetables on the ground for airing when the green manure is sowed, reduces the treatment pressure of the waste vegetables, simultaneously reduces the soil evaporation by 10.3% compared with the traditional green manure planting mode, improves the soil moisture content by 8.6%, has the effects of storing soil moisture and preserving water, improves the green manure biomass by more than 10%, saves chemical nitrogen fertilizer by more than 30%, obviously improves the contents of soil organic matters, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium after 3 years of implementation, has important effects on fully exerting the green manure stubble rotation, improving the soil quality, reducing the plant diseases and insect pests of the plateau vegetables, improving the vegetable yield and quality, and plays an active promoting role in the popularization of the green manure and the green planting mode of improving the yield of the plateau quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of micro-ridge wide-narrow row planting provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, which comprises the following steps:
after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing, and planting in wide and narrow rows; the wide and narrow rows comprise narrow row furrows and wide row ridges; the sowing comprises the steps of mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing the mixture on two sides of narrow-row furrows, and scattering plateau summer tail vegetables to cover the surfaces of wide-row ridges while sowing; and after frost falls, returning the green manure to the field.
In the invention, after the plateau summer vegetables are harvested, the method preferably comprises the steps of cleaning and recovering the mulching film and the drip irrigation tape so as to reduce plastic pollution in the farmland.
After the plateau summer vegetables are harvested, leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds are mixed and sown. In the present invention, the plateau summer vegetables include baby cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, chinese cabbage, and onion. According to the invention, the leguminous green manure and the gramineous green manure are sown in a mixed manner, the gramineous crops play a role of a support for the leguminous crops, the lodging of the leguminous crops is relieved, the nitrogen fixation advantage of the leguminous green manure and the carbon fixation advantage of the gramineous green manure can be combined, the carbon-nitrogen balance is promoted, on the other hand, the soluble nutrient absorption capacity of the gramineous green manure left in soil in vegetable seasons is stronger, and the nutrient loss caused by excessive fertilization is reduced. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the mixture of the leguminous green manure and the gramineous green manure seeds is preferably (5 to 7) to 1, more preferably 5. The invention preferably selects the green manure variety with good benefit for the plateau summer vegetable crops and the excellent variety suitable for the regional natural conditions. In the present invention, the legume green manure preferably comprises vicia sativa and/or vicia trichocarpa; the graminaceous green manure preferably comprises barley and/or triticale.
The green manure is preferably sowed in time-first, the earlier the green manure is, the better the green manure is, and the sowing is preferably finished within 2 days after the plateau summer vegetables are harvested before 8 months and 5 days. In the invention, the sowing is preferably a no-tillage sowing machine, more preferably a full-returning field winding-prevention no-tillage sowing machine, so that the sowing, the one-time ditching, the tail vegetable crushing and the tail vegetable scattering on the wide-row ridge surface are simultaneously carried out. The model of the full-returning field winding-proof no-tillage planter is preferably 2BMQF-5/10. The invention reasonably adjusts the depth, the distance and the seeding quantity of the drill barrow legs of the seeder by adjusting machinery, ensures uniform seeds and adjusts the distance of the drill barrow legs to be wide and narrow rows. In the invention, the sowing depth is preferably 3-5 cm, and the sowing amount is preferably 225-300 kg/hm 2 More preferably 225kg/hm 2 . In the invention, the wide row spacing of the wide and narrow rows is preferably 18-25 cm, more preferably 20cm, and the narrow row spacing is preferably 12-18 cm, more preferably 15cm; the height of the wide-row ridges is preferably 5-8 cm, and more preferably 5cm.
The invention applies a full-returning winding-preventing no-tillage seeder for direct seeding to form micro-ridge wide-narrow-row planting (wide rows are micro-ridges, narrow rows are furrows), leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds are mixed and then sown on two sides of the narrow-row furrows, and plateau summer tailstocks are scattered and covered on the micro-ridge wide-row ground surface. The invention spreads the vegetable tails on the micro-ridge wide-row ground surface, on one hand, the vegetable tails can be aired on the spot to wait for the follow-up treatment of farmland removal, feed smashing, biogas production and the like, and on the other hand, the vegetable tails play a role in inhibiting soil moisture evaporation, storing soil moisture and retaining water.
The invention is inIn the planting process, field management is preferably carried out. The invention preferably carries out water-saving irrigation: in areas with irrigation conditions, the direction of micro-furrows formed by no-tillage direct seeding is preferably consistent with the water outlet direction of a water outlet, so that the flood irrigation resistance is reduced, and water-saving irrigation is realized by utilizing micro-furrow irrigation; when the soil moisture is low, shallow irrigation is preferably carried out for 1 time after green manure sowing; irrigation is preferably determined according to rainfall, soil moisture content and seedling growth vigor in the whole green manure growing period, so that waste of water resources is avoided. The invention also selects reasonable fertilization: in farmland with relatively poor soil, the leguminous green manure is preferably applied by 35-75 kg/hm 2 The urea is used as 'starting nitrogen' (base fertilizer) to achieve the effect of 'small fertilizer and large fertilizer'.
The present invention preferably returns the green manure to the field after frost has fallen, and more preferably returns the green manure to the field after frost has fallen in the middle 10 months. In the present invention, the returning method preferably comprises green pressing returning or shallow whirling returning. In the invention, when the plant height of the green manure is more than 30cm, namely the green manure biomass is too large, shallow rotary returning is preferably adopted; the depth of the shallow rotary returning is 10-15 cm; and before returning the shallow rotation to the field, crushing the green manure plants to 5-10 cm. The invention preferably uses a straw pulverizer to pulverize the green manure plants. The shallow rotary returning condition provided by the invention can be beneficial to decomposition and mineralization of green manure.
The method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and the technical scheme of the invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.
The green manure is popularized and applied according to local conditions, the farmland utilization and cultivation combination is realized, the dependence of economic crops on fossil energy is reduced, the quality of agricultural products is improved, and huge economic benefit and ecological benefit are generated. Aiming at the problems, field experiments and demonstration are carried out in Nengchang county of Jinchang city in Luzhou irrigated areas in Hexi in 2017-2020, the influence research on green manure growth, soil quality and vegetable morbidity, yield and quality by different green manure sowing modes after harvesting plateau summer vegetables is carried out, a simple and light operation method for reducing farming and saving farming hours is explored in a mode of realizing the quality improvement and efficiency improvement of plateau summer vegetables by green manure stubble reversing, technical support is provided for popularization and application of an economic crop green production mode, the quality improvement and efficiency improvement method for the rush hour sowing after harvesting plateau summer vegetables is innovated, screened and verified, and good results are obtained through multi-point demonstration.
Example 1
1 environmental conditions of the production area
1.1 rainfall: the annual rainfall is 150 mm-500 mm;
1.2 temperature: the annual average temperature is 7-10 ℃, the accumulated temperature is not less than 0 ℃ and is 3500-4000 ℃/a, the accumulated temperature is not less than 10 ℃ and is 2800-3500 ℃/a, and the frost-free period is 150-170 d;
1.3 light conditions: the annual average sunshine hours is 2900-3200 h, and the radiation quantity is 5900 multiplied by 10 4 ～6300×10 4 J/m 2 ；
1.4 land type: the land leveling machine is suitable for leveling land for mechanized operation.
2 Green manure type and mechanical selection
2.1 green manure type: common vetch (su jian No. 3), barley;
2.2 mechanical: a full-returning-field winding-proof no-tillage seeding machine (model: 2 BMQF-5/10) and a straw crushing returning-field machine (model: 4J-130).
3 concrete working method
3.1 seed preparation: the mass ratio of common vetch (Sujian No. 3) to barley is 5;
3.2 mechanical debugging: selecting a no-tillage seeder, returning the seeder to the field completely and preventing the no-tillage seeder (model: 2 BMQF-5/10), and adjusting the machine to reasonably adjust the depth, the distance and the seeding quantity of the drill leg of the seeder, ensure uniform seeds, ensure the seeding depth to be 3-5 cm and the seeding quantity to be controlled at 225kg/hm 2 The spacing between the drill barrow legs is adjusted to be wide and narrow rows, wherein the wide rows are 20cm, and the narrow rows are 15cm;
3.3 cleaning and recovering the mulching film: after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, cleaning and recovering the mulching film and the drip irrigation tape in time;
3.4, directly sowing green manure in rush hours: sowing the green manure in time, wherein the sowing is completed within 2 days after the vegetables are harvested before 5 days in 8 months; applying a full-returning anti-winding no-tillage planter for direct seeding, as shown in figure 1, forming micro-ridge wide and narrow row planting, wherein the height of a micro ridge is 5cm, the width of a wide row is 20cm, the width of the micro ridge is 15cm, the narrow row is a furrow, vegetable tail vegetables are scattered and covered on the surface of the 20cm micro-ridge wide row ground, on one hand, the tail vegetables can be aired on the spot for waiting for subsequent treatment, on the other hand, the effects of inhibiting soil evaporation, storing soil moisture and preserving water are achieved, green manure seeds are sowed on two sides of the narrow row furrow, and the sowing depth is 3-5 cm;
3.5, field management:
water-saving irrigation: in areas with irrigation conditions, the direction of micro-furrows formed by no-tillage direct seeding is consistent with the water outlet direction of a water outlet, so that the flood irrigation resistance is reduced, and water-saving irrigation is realized by utilizing micro-furrow irrigation; when the soil moisture is low, shallow irrigation is carried out for 1 time after green manure sowing so as to ensure the uniformity of seedling emergence; irrigation is determined according to rainfall, soil moisture content and seedling condition growth in the whole growth period of the green manure, so that waste of water resources is avoided;
and (3) reasonable fertilization: in the farmland with relatively poor soil, 35-75 kg/hm of leguminous green manure can be applied for planting 2 The urea is used as starting nitrogen (base fertilizer) to achieve the effect of small fertilizer and large fertilizer.
3.6 returning green manure to field: after frost falls in the middle ten 10 months, green manure is pressed to be returned to the field, if the biomass of the green manure is too large (the plant height is more than 30 cm), a straw crushing and returning machine (model: 4J-130) is used for crushing green manure plants to 5-10 cm, and then the green manure plants are returned to the field with a shallow rotation depth of 10-15 cm, so that the decomposition and mineralization of the green manure are facilitated.
Example 2
1 protocol and description of the implementation
1.1 test area overview
This example was carried out in 2017-2020 in the village of five dams in six dams town of Yongchang county, jinchang, gansu, which belongs to a typical arid inland irrigated area, the soil type being desert irrigation soil, and the soil layer thickness being about 110cm. The average rainfall is 124mm, the annual evaporation capacity is 2000.6mm, the frost-free period is 145d, and the annual average sunshine is 2884.2h. The soil in the test area is typical desert irrigation soil, the content of organic matters in the soil is 16.9g/kg, the content of total nitrogen is 0.72g/kg, the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 102.8mg/kg, the content of quick-acting phosphorus is 171.5mg/kg, and the content of quick-acting potassium is 26.4mg/kg.
1.2 test materials
And (3) reference to test crops: the plateau summer vegetables are baby cabbage, carrot and lettuce in leaf vegetables, root vegetables and stem vegetables respectively, and the green fertilizer is common vetch and barley.
1.3 protocol
The method takes a green manure sowing mode and nitrogen application amount of plateau summer vegetables as test factors, totally forms 9 treatments, adopts a fission experimental design, takes a sowing mode as a main area, takes nitrogen application amount as an auxiliary area, and repeats for 3 times. The green manure sowing modes respectively comprise post-vegetable leisure and shallow-rotation stubble cleaning machine-sown green manure stubble cleaning and time-rush green manure direct-sowing green manure stubble cleaning methods described in embodiment 1, post-vegetable leisure treatment, namely deep-ploughing and sunning upturned soil after vegetables are harvested (airing after deep-turning), no crop is planted, and shallow-rotation stubble cleaning machine-sown green manure stubble cleaning, namely shallow-rotation and rolling after vegetables are harvested, and then green manure sowing is carried out. The nitrogen application amount of baby cabbage and asparagus lettuce is respectively 360kgN/hm recommended for the place 2 Reducing the nitrogen consumption by 20 percent and 288kgN/hm 2 And the nitrogen application amount of carrot is respectively 280kgN/hm recommended for local place without nitrogen application treatment 2 Reducing the nitrogen by 20 percent and applying 224kgN/hm 2 And no nitrogen treatment. The test treatments and codes were as follows:
TABLE 1 test treatments and codes
2 analysis and comparison of test results
Through 4-year field tests, the green manure direct seeding and stubble reversing treatment in the green manure multiple planting mode of baby cabbage, lettuce and carrot can obviously improve the green manure biomass, averagely improve 17.1%, 16.6% and 14.5% compared with the green manure reversing treatment in the traditional shallow rotation stubble cleaning machine, obviously improve the commodity quality and yield of the baby cabbage, carrot and lettuce, and reduce the occurrence of vegetable diseases (Table 2-Table 4).
The green manure direct seeding and stubble reversing treatment during the green manure robbing can obviously improve the commodity quality such as the gross weight, the net vegetable rate, the ball height, the ball diameter and the like of the baby menda plant (Table 2), respectively improve the green manure and stubble reversing treatment by 8.5%, 11.2%, 4.4% and 8.0% on average compared with the traditional shallow rotary stubble cleaning machine seeding, respectively improve the green manure and stubble reversing treatment by 31.7%, 33.3%, 15.1% and 25.3% on average compared with the leisure control after the vegetable, respectively reduce the morbidity of the baby menda soft rot and the downy mildew by 12.8% and 17.3% on average compared with the green manure and stubble reversing treatment by the traditional shallow rotary stubble cleaning machine seeding, and respectively reduce the morbidity by 32.5% and 62.7% on average compared with the leisure control after the vegetable. Particularly, under the condition that the nitrogen fertilizer is reduced by 20 percent, the green manure is directly sowed and stubble-inverted during robbing, so that the baby cabbage can obtain the single-plant gross weight and the net vegetable rate which are equivalent to the traditional nitrogen fertilizer application amount.
The direct seeding and stubble-turning treatment during green manure robbing can obviously improve the commodity quality such as stem length, maximum stem thickness, top stem thickness and the like of the lettuce (Table 3), and respectively improves the quality by 5.9 percent, 5.7 percent and 6.1 percent compared with the green manure stubble-turning treatment of the traditional shallow rotation stubble-cleaning machine seeding, and respectively improves the quality by 18.2 percent, 16.3 percent and 32.1 percent compared with the leisure control after vegetable sowing; under the conditions of nitrogen application amount reduction of 20 percent and traditional nitrogen application amount, the yield of the lettuce is averagely improved by 13.5 percent and 14.2 percent respectively compared with the green manure stubble-cutting treatment of the traditional shallow rotary stubble-cleaning machine, and is averagely improved by 19.5 percent and 19.8 percent respectively compared with the leisure control after the vegetable planting.
The green manure direct seeding and stubble reversing treatment can obviously improve the commodity quality and yield of carrots (Table 3). The qualified root rate, the root length and the rhizome of the carrot are respectively improved by 5.3%, 6.6% and 11.2% compared with the qualified root rate, the root length and the rhizome of the carrot respectively by direct seeding and stubble-reversing treatment in the green manure robbing process, are respectively improved by 12.4%, 11.7% and 42.1% compared with the green manure stubble-reversing treatment in the traditional shallow rotary stubble-cleaning machine sowing, and the deformity/crack/rot/small root rate is respectively reduced by 28.8% and 45.1% compared with the green manure stubble-reversing treatment in the traditional shallow rotary stubble-cleaning machine sowing and the leisure control after vegetables; under the conditions of nitrogen application amount reduction of 20 percent and traditional nitrogen application amount, the yield of the carrots is respectively improved by 8.9 percent and 10.7 percent compared with the green manure stubble-cutting treatment of the traditional shallow rotation stubble-cleaning machine, and is respectively improved by 33.8 percent and 27.3 percent compared with the leisure control after vegetables.
The direct seeding and stubble reversing method has the best effect when the green manure is robbed from the comprehensive analysis of economic benefit and ecological benefit.
TABLE 2 influence of multiple green manure on the quality and incidence of baby cabbage commodities in each treatment
TABLE 3 Effect of multiple treatment of Green manure on lettuce commercial quality and yield
TABLE 4 influence of multiple green manure treatments on the quality and yield of carrot commodities
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables comprises the following steps:
after harvesting plateau summer vegetables, mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing, and planting in wide and narrow rows; the wide and narrow rows comprise narrow row furrows and wide row ridges; the sowing comprises the steps of mixing leguminous green manure and gramineae green manure seeds, sowing the mixture on two sides of narrow-row furrows, and scattering plateau summer tail vegetables to cover the surfaces of wide-row ridges while sowing; after frost falls, returning the green manure to the field;
sowing is completed within 2 days after harvesting plateau summer vegetables;
the seeding amount is 225-300 kg/hm 2 ；
The plateau summer tail vegetable scattering and covering effect on the wide-row ridge surface is that on one hand, the tail vegetable is aired on the spot to wait for farmland removal, feed crushing and biogas production, and on the other hand, evaporation of soil moisture and water conservation are inhibited.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises cleaning and recovering the mulching film and the drip irrigation tape after harvesting the plateau summer vegetable.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of the legume green manure and the gramineous green manure seeds is in a mass ratio of (5-7) to 1.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the legume green manure comprises vetch and/or vetch; the green manure of Gramineae comprises barley and/or triticale.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the seeding uses a full field, windup, no tillage planter.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the depth of the sowing is 3 to 5cm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wide row spacing of the wide and narrow rows is 18-25 cm, and the narrow row spacing is 12-18 cm; the height of the wide-row ridge is 5-8 cm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the returning comprises pressing or shallow spinning.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the plant height of the green manure is more than 30cm, the method for returning the green manure to the field is shallow rotary returning; the depth of the shallow rotary returning is 10-15 cm; and before returning the shallow rotation to the field, crushing the green manure plants to 5-10 cm.
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