CN107950339A - A kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched - Google Patents
A kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched Download PDFInfo
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- CN107950339A CN107950339A CN201711444671.7A CN201711444671A CN107950339A CN 107950339 A CN107950339 A CN 107950339A CN 201711444671 A CN201711444671 A CN 201711444671A CN 107950339 A CN107950339 A CN 107950339A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched, this method includes：Site preparation：Non- continuous cropping and first crop is selected not to plant the field of legume, timely deep tillage area 15cm 20cm, apply organic fertilizer, smooth earth's surface；Overlay film：Overlay film selects autumn overlay film and spring overlay film one of which, and nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base manure before overlay film；Film mulching method is full film mulching method and half film mulching method；Sowing：Bask seeds 1d 2d before seed sowing, then Dressing, then cover kind of a 2h；Planting patterns is mainly full film-covering planting mode, half overlay film film surface planting patterns and half overlay film wheat grown along film sides mode, and thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；Field management：Seedling weeding is put, timely pinching is pinching when broad bean major branch reaches 12 15 layers of colored pod, controls plant excessive growth；Carry out the prevention of bean aphid and broad bean weevil, broad bean brown spot and red spot.The implantation methods of Spring broad bean of the present invention are simply easily controllable, can substantially increase the yield of Spring broad bean.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to broad bean plant technology field, more particularly to a kind of Spring broad bean are cultivating method mulched.
Background technology
Spring broad bean nutritive value is high, green safe, and bean product species is various in recent years, and the market of beans is very big, it can be produced
Raw economic benefit is self-evident.The soil of Spring broad bean is adaptable, and the cultivated area in China is big, still, in recent years because
Plant crop rotation causes Spring broad bean pest and disease damage serious, influences the yield of Spring broad bean, single additionally, due to Spring broad bean planting technology, uses
Mulching film planting method is mostly the mulching film planting method for imitating other plant traditional, is produced effects not notable.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched, it is intended to existing in above-mentioned background technology
Pest and disease damage is serious in Spring broad bean plantation, influences the yield of Spring broad bean, single additionally, due to Spring broad bean planting technology, using mulch kind
Plant method is mostly to imitate the traditional mulching film planting method of other plant, is produced effects and inapparent problem.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched, and this method comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Non- continuous cropping and first crop is selected not to plant the field of legume, timely deep tillage field after preceding crop harvests
Ground, organic fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg/667m is applied with reference to site preparation2Make base manure；Rake a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation in time, smooth earth's surface before and after the Autumnal Equinox；
(2) overlay film：Overlay film selects autumn overlay film and spring overlay film one of which
Autumn overlay film：The mid or late October of preceding crop harvest then, the opportunity of ground moistening is taken advantage of in freeze-up preceding overlay film, overlay film
Before apply nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and make base manure, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), dosage 15kg/667m2；
Spring overlay film：March in next year, early and middle ten days, took advantage of when soil just thaws overlay film early, nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphorus before overlay film
Fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base manure, and the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, dosage 7.5kg/667m2, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), dosage
15kg/667m2；
Film mulching method is full film mulching method and half film mulching method,, will with the mulch of wide 120cm during using full film mulching method
Ground all covers, the intermembranous overlapping 10cm in adjacent rows ground, and is compacted mulch with soil, prevents strong wind and takes off film；Using half overlay film
During mode, with the mulch of wide 70cm, ridging overlay film, the high 10cm-15cm in ridge, row spacing 40cm-45cm, stay 35-40cm ditches between two ridges,
Overlay film after ridging, keeps film surface wide 40-50cm, intermembranous away from 30-40cm；
(3) sow：High yield, the seed for the Spring broad bean kind that high-quality, resistance is strong are selected, in early or mid March sowing in time,
It is urgent；First bask seeds 1d-2d prior to seeding, then with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 60% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate by kind
The 0.5% of protonatomic mass carries out Dressing, then covers kind of a 2h；Per cave program request seed 1, make immediately by seed pressing＆sowing hole after seed program request
Seed is combined closely with soil, prevents that seed is exposed, and thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；
Planting patterns is the plantation of the row such as half overlay film wheat grown along film sides of autumn, the plantation of half overlay film film surface of autumn, autumn full overlay film, spring
Season half overlay film wheat grown along film sides, the plantation of half overlay film film surface of spring, the row plantation such as spring full overlay film；
During full film-covering planting, film surface dibbler is by seed rupture of membranes program request, seed level 5cm-10cm, program request hill spacing 10-16cm,
Line-spacing 35-45cm；
When half overlay film film surface is planted, two row of ridge face bunch planting, seed level 5cm-12cm, line-spacing 18-23cm, spacing in the rows 12-16cm；
During half overlay film wheat grown along film sides, seed is sowed into ridge both sides film edge along furrow both sides, keeps small line-spacing 20cm-
30cm, wide row space 50cm-60cm, seed level 5cm-12cm, spacing in the rows 10-18cm；
(4) field management：
Put seedling weeding：Seeding stage pays attention to field observation, and rupture of membranes draws seedling, puts seedling, and the transplanting in time at disconnected ridge that finds to be short of seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings；
Seedling stage, branching stage pull out the weeds of exposed earth's surface between ridge in time；The branch later stage optionally carries out rupture of membranes and pulls out weeds under film, pulls out
Holding mulch is complete as far as possible after grass, and breakage fine earth pressure is sternly closed；When broad bean major branch reaches 12-15 layers of colored pod, timely pinching is beaten
Point, controls plant excessive growth；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevention for bean aphid and broad bean weevil, field flower pod phase determine 1500 times of worm amidine missible oil with 5%
Liquid, 1500 times of 4.5% Beta-cypermethrin EC liquid alternating foliage-spray 2 times -3 times；For broad bean brown spot and red spot
The pod phase is spent with 1000 times of liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and 50% carbendazol wettable powder in prevention, field
The uniform foliar spray of alternating 1 time -3 times；
(5) harvest：Gather in, dry, threshing in time when the beanpod browning of broad bean more than 80%.
Preferably, in step (1) site preparation, the depth in the deep ploughing field is 15-20cm.
Preferably, in step (2) overlay film, the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m2, the potash fertilizer is chlorination
Potassium 7kg/667m2Or potassium sulfate 8kg/667m2；
Preferably, in the step (3) sowing, during using the full film-covering planting, seed level 6cm-8cm, program request hill spacing 10-
16cm, line-spacing 35-40cm.
Preferably, in step (3) sowing, when being planted using the half overlay film film surface, seed level 6cm-10cm, line-spacing
18-23cm, spacing in the rows 13-15cm.
Preferably, in the step (3) sowing, during using the half overlay film wheat grown along film sides, small line-spacing 20cm- is kept
25cm, wide row space 55cm-60cm, seed level 6cm-10cm, spacing in the rows 13-15cm.
Preferably, in step (4) field management, the pinching is pinching should to select fine day to carry out, and extract stem top
1-2cm, when collateral generation is vigorous, and plant height exceedes major branch, it is pinching will also to carry out pinching.
Compared with the prior art the shortcomings that and deficiency, the invention has the advantages that：The present invention is planted in Spring broad bean
During use full film-covering planting mode, half overlay film film surface planting patterns and half overlay film wheat grown along film sides mode, and these types is planted
The line-spacing of plant mode, seed level, spacing in the rows, thickness of sowing etc. are in optimized selection, at the same bean aphid also common to Spring broad bean and
Broad bean weevil, broad bean brown spot and red spot are effectively prevented, and substantially increase the yield of Spring broad bean.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
A kind of Spring broad bean of the present invention is cultivating method mulched, and test period is -2013 years 2012, is experimental field Gansu
Province Linxia state Hezheng County buyer market town Ya Tang villages and flax ditch village of Kangyue County Ming Lu townshiies, 2 mu of test area, experimental plot physical features is put down
It is smooth, non-irrigated condition.
First, experimental plot is planted
(1) site preparation：Non- continuous cropping and first crop is selected not to plant the field of legume, timely deep tillage area after preceding crop harvests
15cm-20cm, organic fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg/667m is applied with reference to site preparation2Make base manure；Rake a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation in time, puts down before and after the Autumnal Equinox
Site preparation table；
(2) overlay film：Overlay film selects autumn overlay film and spring overlay film one of which
A. the overlay film time
Autumn overlay film：The mid or late October of preceding crop harvest then, the opportunity of ground moistening is taken advantage of in freeze-up preceding overlay film, overlay film
When apply nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and make base manure, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), dosage 15kg/667m2, the phosphate fertilizer is
Calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m2, the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride, dosage 7kg/667m2；
Spring overlay film：March in next year, early and middle ten days, took advantage of when soil just thaws overlay film early, nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphorus before overlay film
Fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base manure, and the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, dosage 7.5kg/667m2, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg/
667m2, the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m2, the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride 7kg/667m2Or potassium sulfate 8kg/667m2；
B. film mulching method
Full film mulching method：With wide 120cm, the white clear mulch of thickness 0.01mm, ground is all covered, adjacent rows
Intermembranous overlapping 10cm, and be compacted mulch with soil, prevention strong wind takes off film；
Half film mulching method：Need manually or mechanically ridging, the high 10cm-15cm in ridge, row spacing 40cm-45cm, stay 35- between two ridges
40cm ditches, rear width 70cm, the white clear covering with ground sheeting ridge face of thickness 0.01mm, holding film surface wide 40-50cm are intermembranous away from 30-
40cm；
C. managed after film：After the completion of the overlay film of field, strengthen protection management, forbid livestock to trample on entering, prevent strong wind from causing
Film is taken off, once finding that mulch is damaged, is covered tightly in time with fine earth.
(3) sow：
A. seed preparation：High yield, high-quality, resistance is selected to face silkworm series of products by force, seed quality meets GB4404.2's
Regulation.
B. seed treatment：First bask seeds 1d-2d prior to seeding, then with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 60% phoxim
Missible oil carries out Dressing by the 0.5% of seed quality, then covers kind of a 2h.
C. the sowing time：It is urgent in early or mid March sowing in time.
D. type of seeding：
Full film-covering planting：Film surface dibbler is by seed rupture of membranes program request, per cave program request seed 1, seed level 5cm-10cm, point
Broadcast hill spacing 10-16cm, line-spacing 35-45cm；Seed is combined closely with soil by seed pressing＆sowing hole immediately after seed program request, prevent from planting
Son is exposed, and thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；To further improve the yield of Spring broad bean, seed level can be controlled in 6cm-
8cm, the control of program request hill spacing are controlled in 35-40cm in 10-16cm, line-spacing；
Half overlay film film surface is planted：Two row of ridge face bunch planting or film lateral sulcus broadcast two rows, seed level 5cm-12cm, line-spacing 18-23cm, strain
Away from 12-16cm, per cave program request seed 1, seed is combined closely with soil by seed pressing＆sowing hole immediately after seed program request, prevent from planting
Son is exposed, and thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；To further improve the yield of Spring broad bean, seed level can be controlled in 6-10cm,
Line-spacing control is controlled in 13-15cm in 18-23cm, spacing in the rows；
Half overlay film wheat grown along film sides：Seed is sowed into ridge both sides film edge along furrow both sides, keeps small line-spacing 20cm-
30cm, wide row space 50cm-60cm, every cave program request seed 1, seed level 5cm-12cm, spacing in the rows 10-18cm；After seed program request immediately
Seed is combined closely with soil by seed pressing＆sowing hole, prevent that seed is exposed, thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；To be further
The yield of Spring broad bean is improved, small line-spacing can be maintained to 20cm-25cm, wide row space is maintained at 55cm-60cm, and seed level control exists
6cm-10cm, spacing in the rows are controlled in 13-15cm.
Experimental plot is divided into following A-G, and totally 7 regions carry out the plantations of different modes, each region each point of 3 regions again
Carry out repeating experiment：
A：Half overlay film wheat grown along film sides of autumn；
B：Half overlay film film surface of autumn is planted；
C：The row plantation such as autumn full overlay film；
D：Half overlay film wheat grown along film sides of spring；
E：Half overlay film film surface of spring is planted；
F：The row plantation such as spring full overlay film；
G：Empty 2 modes (CK) of open country kind 2.
(4) field management：
A. seedling is put：Seeding stage pays attention to field observation, and rupture of membranes draws seedling, puts seedling, and the transplanting in time at disconnected ridge that finds to be short of seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings.
B. weeding：Seedling stage, branching stage pull out the weeds of exposed earth's surface between ridge in time；The branch later stage optionally carries out rupture of membranes and pulls out
Weeds under membrane removal, keep mulch complete, breakage fine earth pressure is sternly closed as far as possible after pulling out grass.
C. pinching is pinching：When broad bean major branch reaches 12~15 layers of colored pod, timely pinching is pinching, controls plant excessive growth.Pinching
It is pinching preferably to be carried out in fine day, stem 1~2cm of top is specially extractd, when collateral generation is vigorous, and plant height exceedes major branch,
It is pinching to carry out pinching.
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Bean aphid and broad bean weevil：The field flower pod phase determines 1500 times of liquid of worm amidine missible oil, 4.5% effective cypermethrin with 5%
1500 times of missible oil liquid alternating foliage-spray 2 times -3 times；
Broad bean brown spot and red spot：The pod phase is spent with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and more than 50% in field
The uniform foliar spray of 1000 times of liquid alternatings of bacterium spirit wettable powder 1 time -3 times；
(5) harvest：Gather in, dry, threshing in time when the beanpod browning of broad bean more than 80%, prevention rainwater immersion causes
Seed discoloration, bud mutation, influence quality.
2nd, experimental plot interpretation of result
1st, yield result is analyzed
Experimental plot yield result is as shown in table 1 below：
1 experimental plot yield result statistical form of table
As shown in Table 1, each region yield is tested between 293.3-368.9kg.Wherein, with C processing autumn full overlay films etc.
Row planting patterns converts into per mu yield 368.9kg highests, relatively compares 2 empty 2 modes of G processing open countrys kind and increases production 25.8%；F processing spring is complete
The row planting patterns such as overlay film converts into per mu yield 360kg and occupies second, relatively control volume increase 22.7%；A handles half overlay film wheat grown along film sides of autumn
Mode converts into per mu yield 356.7kg and occupies the 3rd, relatively control volume increase 23.1%；D processing half overlay film wheat grown along film sides mode of spring converts into mu
Produce 353.3kg and occupy the 4th, relatively control volume increase 22.7%；B processing half overlay film film surface planting patterns of autumn converts into per mu yield 350kg and occupies the
Five, relatively control volume increase 19.3%；E processing half overlay film film surface planting patterns of spring converts into per mu yield 343.3kg and occupies the 6th, and relatively control increases
Production 17%.
2nd, Analysis on Economic Traits
The results are shown in Table 2 for economic characters under the Different Ways of Planting of experimental plot：
Table 2 tests each processing economic characters statistical form
As shown in Table 2, overlay film is respectively handled plant height, beginning pod height, branch amount, strain pod number, strain grain number, strain grain again etc. compared with
Control is high, wherein C, F two of full overlay film handles plant height, beginning pod height highest, strain pod number and strain grain number are also most, and 100-grain weight is most
Weight；A, D two of half overlay film handles plant height and the more full overlay film of beginning pod height is low, and relatively compares height, and strain pod number and strain grain number are also more complete
Overlay film is few, and relatively compares more, and 100-grain weight and full overlay film difference are little.Illustrate that the plant strain growth of Spring broad bean film-covering planting is vigorous, plant
Plant height is big, bears pods more, and yield is high, but pods are also higher, easily lodging.
3rd, breeding time is analyzed
Experimental plot Different Ways of Planting lower breeding time, the results are shown in Table 3：
Table 3 tests each processing breeding time statistical form
As shown in Table 3, the breeding time that overlay film is respectively handled, relatively the plantation of control open country shifted to an earlier date, wherein autumn full overlay film etc.
Two kinds of processing of the row such as row plantation and spring full overlay film plantation relatively control breeding time shifts to an earlier date 10 days, remaining four processing breeding times shift to an earlier date
8 days, illustrate that film-covering planting can shorten Spring broad bean breeding time, ahead of time maturation.
In conclusion full-film covering can effectively pin soil moisture, increase the soil moisture, so that yield is improved, Spring broad bean
Can the row planting patterns such as the plantation of the row such as prioritizing selection autumn full overlay film and spring full overlay film during plantation.Spring broad bean uses covering with ground sheeting
Afterwards, breeding time shifts to an earlier date 8-10 days, and plant strain growth is vigorous, and branch is more, and strain pod number and strain grain number are high, but since pods are higher,
Plant is tall and big, easily lodging, therefore needs pinching control nutrient growth in time, prevents broad bean excessive growth.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Non- continuous cropping and first crop is selected not to plant the field of legume, field of deep ploughing in time after preceding crop harvest,
Organic fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg/667m is applied with reference to site preparation2Make base manure；Rake a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation in time, smooth earth's surface before and after the Autumnal Equinox；
(2) overlay film：Overlay film selects autumn overlay film and spring overlay film one of which
Autumn overlay film：The mid or late October of preceding crop harvest then, the opportunity for taking advantage of ground moistening apply before freeze-up preceding overlay film, overlay film
Nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer make base manure, and the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), dosage 15kg/667m2；
Spring overlay film：March in next year, early and middle ten days, took advantage of when soil just thaws overlay film early, nitrogen fertilizer application before overlay film, nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and
Potash fertilizer makees base manure, and the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, dosage 7.5kg/667m2, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), dosage 15kg/
667m2；
Film mulching method is full film mulching method and half film mulching method, during using full film mulching method, with the mulch of wide 120cm, by ground
All coverings, the intermembranous overlapping 10cm in adjacent rows ground, and be compacted mulch with soil, prevent strong wind and take off film；Using half film mulching method
When, with the mulch of wide 70cm, ridging overlay film, the high 10cm-15cm in ridge, row spacing 40cm-45cm, stay 35-40cm ditches, ridging between two ridges
Overlay film afterwards, keeps film surface wide 40-50cm, intermembranous away from 30-40cm；
(3) sow：High yield, the seed for the Spring broad bean kind that high-quality, resistance is strong are selected, it is preferably early in early or mid March sowing in time
It is unsuitable slow；First bask seeds 1d-2d prior to seeding, then presses seed matter with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 60% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
The 0.5% of amount carries out Dressing, then covers kind of a 2h；Per cave program request seed 1, make seed by seed pressing＆sowing hole immediately after seed program request
Combine closely with soil, prevent that seed is exposed, thickness of sowing is 1.2 ten thousand plants/667m2；
Planting patterns is the plantation of the row such as half overlay film wheat grown along film sides of autumn, the plantation of half overlay film film surface of autumn, autumn full overlay film, spring half
The row plantation such as overlay film wheat grown along film sides, the plantation of half overlay film film surface of spring, spring full overlay film；
During full film-covering planting, film surface dibbler is by seed rupture of membranes program request, seed level 5cm-10cm, program request hill spacing 10-16cm, line-spacing
35-45cm；
When half overlay film film surface is planted, two row of ridge face bunch planting, seed level 5cm-12cm, line-spacing 18-23cm, spacing in the rows 12-16cm；
During half overlay film wheat grown along film sides, seed is sowed into ridge both sides film edge along furrow both sides, keeps small line-spacing 20cm-
30cm, wide row space 50cm-60cm, seed level 5cm-12cm, spacing in the rows 10-18cm；
(4) field management：
Put seedling weeding：Seeding stage pays attention to field observation, and rupture of membranes draws seedling, puts seedling, and the transplanting in time at disconnected ridge that finds to be short of seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings；Seedling
Phase, branching stage pull out the weeds of exposed earth's surface between ridge in time；The branch later stage optionally carries out rupture of membranes and pulls out weeds under film, pulls out grass
Holding mulch is complete as far as possible afterwards, and breakage fine earth pressure is sternly closed；When broad bean major branch reaches 12-15 layers of colored pod, timely pinching is beaten
Point, controls plant excessive growth；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevention for bean aphid and broad bean weevil, field spend the pod phase with 5% determine 1500 times of liquid of worm amidine missible oil,
4.5% 1500 times of Beta-cypermethrin EC liquid alternating foliage-spray 2 times -3 times；For the anti-of broad bean brown spot and red spot
Control, field spends the pod phase to be handed over 1000 times of liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and 50% carbendazol wettable powder
For uniform foliar spray 1 time -3 times；
(5) harvest：Gather in, dry, threshing in time when the beanpod browning of broad bean more than 80%.
2. Spring broad bean as claimed in claim 1 is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that in step (1) site preparation, institute
The depth for stating deep ploughing field is 15cm-20cm.
3. Spring broad bean as claimed in claim 1 is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that in step (2) overlay film, institute
It is calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m to state phosphate fertilizer2, the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride 7kg/667m2Or potassium sulfate 8kg/667m2。
4. Spring broad bean as claimed in claim 1 is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that in step (3) sowing, adopts
During with the full film-covering planting, seed level 6cm-8cm, program request hill spacing 10-16cm, line-spacing 35-40cm.
5. Spring broad bean as claimed in claim 1 is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that in step (3) sowing, adopts
When being planted with the half overlay film film surface, seed level 6cm-10cm, line-spacing 18-23cm, spacing in the rows 13-15cm.
6. Spring broad bean as claimed in claim 1 is cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that in step (3) sowing, adopts
During with the half overlay film wheat grown along film sides, small line-spacing 20cm-25cm, wide row space 55cm-60cm, seed level 6cm-10cm, spacing in the rows are kept
13-15cm。
7. as claim 1-6 any one of them Spring broad beans are cultivating method mulched, it is characterised in that the field management
In step, the pinching is pinching should to select fine day to carry out, and extract stem top 1-2cm, and when collateral generation is vigorous, plant height exceedes master
During branch, it is pinching also to carry out pinching.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711444671.7A CN107950339A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of Spring broad bean is cultivating method mulched |
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| CN109042205A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-21 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | It is suitable for the precocious fresh food autumn semen viciae fabae wheat grown along film sides method in frostless area |
| CN113016545A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for planting green manure after harvesting plateau summer vegetables |
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