CN103931398A - Wheat and sesbania two-yield efficient cultivating method and wheat and sesbania matching harvesting header - Google Patents
Wheat and sesbania two-yield efficient cultivating method and wheat and sesbania matching harvesting header Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheat and sesbania two-yield efficient cultivating method and a wheat and sesbania matching harvesting header. The wheat and sesbania two-yield efficient cultivating method comprises wheat cultivation and sesbania cultivation, according to the wheat cultivation, sowing and planting are performed in the middle of the October, and harvesting is performed on the first ten-day period of the June of the year ensuing. On the basis of wheat conventional cultivation, simplified cultivation and two-yield per year cultivation can be achieved through the steps of sesbania no-tillage sowing, one-time fertilization, grain harvesting, straw returning to field and the like. The invention further provides the wheat and sesbania general matching harvesting header matched with the cultivating method. The header is composed of reels, an auger sprocket, an upper cutting device, a lower cutting device and a power device of the header, the full-process mechanization of the wheat and sesbania two-yield per year cultivation process is achieved, and on the basis of fully utilizing and improving land resources, labour resources are saved, and the socioeconomic benefits and ecological environment benefits of the wheat and sesbania production are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, particularly a kind of wheat and sesbania " two crops a year " efficient cultivation method and supporting wheat and general cutting bench for harvesting of sesbania that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai.
Background technology
Sesbania is as traditional green manure crop in summer, and 60～seventies of 20th century generally plants in Huang-Huai-Hai, is used for multiple cropping or corn, cotton intercropping etc. after wheat.After the seventies, because of the development of chemical fertilizer industry, the rapid atrophy of the cultivated area of the green manure crop taking sesbania as representative.After entering 21 century, along with the exploitation of sesbania seed medical value and sesbania gum are in the extensive use in the fields such as oil extraction in oil field, ore dressing metallurgy, mining blasting, weaving, daily-use chemical industry, increase year by year as object sesbania cultivated area to gather in the crops seed.
At present, Huang-Huai-Hai sesbania grain harvest technology adopts the seventies in last century six " a year ripe " mode of production more." the sesbania experiment and demonstration achievement Report (Bai Hongxiang of Henan Province, soil circular, 06 phase of nineteen sixty-five) ", " salt tolerant green manure---sesbania cultivation research (Lu Ping Zhang, Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 09 phase in 1964) ", " sesbania Primary Study (the China Agriculture Academe Fertilizer Institute that eternally happy shop regional culture utilizes in Beijing, soil circular, 06 phase of nineteen sixty-five) ", " sesbania is in the cultivation utilization in Shandong and change alkali effect (soil and fertilizer research institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, soil circular, 06 phase of nineteen sixty-five) ", " sesbania in 1963 the experiment in cultivation preliminary study (Zhao Jinglian that reserves seed for planting, Shandong agricultural science, 02 phase in 1964) " etc. the disclosed sesbania seed of research paper " a year ripe " mode of production, except whole ground, basal dressing, topdress, weeding, beyond the conventional field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests, main manufacturing parameter is: late April is to artificial seeding's mid-May, Deng line-spacing 20cm～33cm trench sowing, program request, drilling or broadcast sowing, the amount of broadcasting 30kg/hm2～60kg/hm2, or seedling raising and transplanting, florescence pinches or plucks the limit heart, late October to early November manually gathers in the crops.
Patent of invention 201310189425.7(application number) a kind of sugar grass in saline land and method of sesbania intercropping of being applicable to disclosed, the production procedure of having announced sesbania in literary composition is: desalination soil, fertilising, whole ground, seed soaking 6h～12h, April 28 to May 10 artificial dibbling or bunch planting (4～6 of every bunch planting kinds, the degree of depth is 4cm～5cm, line-spacing is 33cm～35cm), overlay film firming, emerge after artificial rupture of membrane, artificial thinning or fill the gaps with seedlings, hand harvest.
In sum, the outstanding problem that at present Huang-Huai-Hai sesbania grain harvest technology exists is: (1) production time is long, and can only accomplish " 1 year one ripe ", wastes land resources; (2) use merely artificial production link too much, mechanization degree is on the low side; (3) compared with other crops, production cost is high, and benefit is low, and the enthusiasm of peasant planting sesbania is not high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two and the supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines, it makes up the deficiency that existing sesbania seed production technology exists, it is long to have solved the production cycle existing in existing sesbania culture technique, can only accomplish " 1 year one ripe " some row problems such as waste land resources.It improves mechanization production degree on the basis that makes full use of land resources, has avoided, because of the idle wasting of resources causing of land resources, having reduced sesbania planting cost, improves the benefit of sesbania plantation.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two, comprise wheat cultivation and sesbania cultivation, and wheat cultivating method is for sowing planting in mid-October, and early June next year gathers in the crops; Described sesbania cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) no-tillage seeding
Early June, preceding crop wheat toothing 4cm～6cm, Wheat stalk-covering earth's surface.Use sower to carry out sesbania no-tillage seeding, sowing adopts wide-and narrow-row drilling, narrow row line-spacing 40cm～45cm, and wide every trade is apart from 75cm～80cm, seed level 1cm～4cm, sowing quantity 4.5kg/hm
2～7.5kg/hm
2;
Preferably to bear pods be the mid-early maturity type sesbania kind of master, plant height 1m～2m, time of infertility 100d～120d to few, the stem of strain shape compactness, branch; Preferably carry out seeding operation with the disc type precision seeder of fertilizing functions;
(2) single fertilization
Sesbania base manure is according to N24kg/hm
2～36kg/hm
2and P
2o
572kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2effective dose, use chemical fertilizer of simple substance, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer etc.; Sesbania base manure applies the below of seed, degree of depth 6cm～10cm while sowing with precision seeder;
When preferably carrying out sesbania seeding operation with disc type precision seeder, carry out single fertilization; Preferred instant type chemical fertilizer of simple substance, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer etc.;
(3) grain harvest
Mid-October, 60%～80% pod carries out grain harvest operation when ripe.Seed airing is to water content below 13%, and warehouse-in is preserved;
(4) straw-returning
After sesbania results, toothing 4cm～6cm, sesbania straw covering plot table, after straw-returning, topsoil 5cm～15cm soil rotary tillage 1 time, just can carry out wheat cultivation planting with sower.
The wheat and the sesbania harvesting that cultivate in order to realize above-mentioned cultivation method, the present invention also provides a kind of wheat cyanines supporting cutting bench for harvesting, comprises ceding of Taiwan shell holder, in described ceding of Taiwan shell holder, is provided with main drive wheel;
The leading section of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder is fixedly installed nearside divider, the inside of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder is provided with auger, one side of spiral propeller is provided with screw driver driving wheel, the top of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder arranges dialing-grain unit, one side of dialing-grain unit arranges dialing-grain unit driving wheel, and described dialing-grain unit is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder by dialing-grain unit fixed support;
Described cutter comprises cutter and lower cutter, described upper cutter is arranged in the ceding of Taiwan shell holder of spiral propeller bottom, described upper cutter is connected in upper cutter driving wheel by gangbar, and regulate the operating frequency of cutter by gangbar, between upper cutter driving wheel and auger driving wheel described above, be connected by belt;
Dialing-grain unit driving wheel and auger driving wheel described above are connected in main drive wheel by belt respectively;
Described lower cutter is arranged on the bottom of ceding of Taiwan shell holder, described lower cutter is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder by cutter height regulator solution depression bar, on described lower cutter, cutter drive unit is set, described cutter drive unit is connected in main drive wheel by speed changer and belt, and regulates down the operating frequency of cutter by speed changer.
Between described dialing-grain unit fixed support and ceding of Taiwan shell holder, be provided with the hydraulic lifting arm that regulates dialing-grain unit height.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the invention discloses the Efficient Cultivation scheme of a grow wheat and sesbania " two crops a year ", on the one hand, changed traditional seed mode of production of sesbania " a year ripe ", take full advantage of cultivated land resource day by day in short supply, improved the production efficiency of ploughing; On the other hand, sesbania, as good green manure crop, after its straw-returning, can increase soil nutrient, improves soil material resources proterties, accelerates Soil Desalting, changes alkali and increases soil fertility, and ecological benefits are obvious.In addition, the present invention selects sesbania kind by science, build rational population density, exempt that seed soaking, seedling raising and transplanting, overlay film firming, the rupture of membranes of emerging, thinning in the cultivation of traditional sesbania filled the gaps with seedlings, the florescence pinches or plucks the manual operation links such as Bian Xin, save greatly human resources, improved the economic benefit at plantation family.
(2) the invention discloses wheat and the general cutting bench for harvesting of sesbania a kind of and that cultivation method is supporting, on the one hand, by different working depth and the operating frequencies of upper and lower two cutters, solved a difficult problem for sesbania mechanized harvest, realized sesbania plantation from being seeded into the entire mechanization operation of results; On the other hand, the stubble height of general combine 30cm～50cm is reduced to 4cm～6cm, can realize the no-tillage seeding of sesbania, the covering of wheat stalk has suppressed weed growth and soil water evaporation, greatly reduces machinery and artificial input of the front consolidation of sowing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the ripe efficient cultivation method flow charts of wheat cyanines two of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the ceding of Taiwan;
Fig. 3 is the end view of the ceding of Taiwan;
In figure: cutter, 221-cutter drive unit, 3-main drive wheel, 4-nearside divider, 5-auger, 6-auger driving wheel, 7-dialing-grain unit, 8-dialing-grain unit driving wheel, 9-dialing-grain unit fixed support, 10-gangbar, the upper cutter driving wheel of 11-, 12-cutter height regulator solution depression bar, 13-speed changer, 14-hydraulic lifting arm under 1-ceding of Taiwan shell holder, the upper cutter of 21-, 22-.
Embodiment
For clearly demonstrating the technical characterstic of this programme, below by an embodiment, and in conjunction with its accompanying drawing, this programme is set forth.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wheat cyanines of the present invention two ripe efficient cultivation methods, the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two, comprise wheat cultivation and sesbania cultivation, the common technology means that wherein wheat cultivating method is this area, sow planting in mid-October, early June next year gathers in the crops; Described sesbania cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) no-tillage seeding
Early June, preceding crop wheat toothing 4cm～6cm, Wheat stalk-covering earth's surface.Use sower to carry out sesbania no-tillage seeding, sowing adopts wide-and narrow-row drilling, narrow row line-spacing 40cm～45cm, and wide every trade is apart from 75cm～80cm, seed level 1cm～4cm, sowing quantity 4.5kg/hm
2～7.5kg/hm
2;
Preferably to bear pods be the mid-early maturity type sesbania kind of master, plant height 1m～2m, time of infertility 100d～120d to few, the stem of strain shape compactness, branch; Preferably carry out seeding operation with the disc type precision seeder of fertilizing functions;
(2) single fertilization
Sesbania base manure is according to N24kg/hm
2～36kg/hm
2and P
2o
572kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2effective dose, use chemical fertilizer of simple substance, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer etc.; Sesbania base manure applies the below of seed, degree of depth 6cm～10cm while sowing with precision seeder;
When preferably carrying out sesbania seeding operation with disc type precision seeder, carry out single fertilization; Preferred instant type chemical fertilizer of simple substance, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer etc.;
(3) grain harvest
Mid-October, 60%～80% pod carries out grain harvest operation when ripe.Seed airing is to water content below 13%, and warehouse-in is preserved;
(4) straw-returning
After sesbania results, toothing 4cm～6cm, sesbania straw covering plot table, after straw-returning, topsoil 5cm～15cm soil rotary tillage 1 time, just can carry out wheat cultivation planting with sower;
In addition, sesbania emerges to the field management in the maturing stage of bearing pods, and as irrigation, draining, disease pest and weed control etc., depending on this season, actual a situation arises, is nonessential step, and can solve by the common technology means of this area.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the wheat and the sesbania harvesting that cultivate in order to realize above-mentioned cultivation method, the present invention also provides a kind of wheat cyanines supporting cutting bench for harvesting, comprise ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 and be arranged on the cutter in ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1, in described ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1, be provided with main drive wheel 3.
The leading section of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 is fixedly installed nearside divider 4, the inside of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 is provided with auger 5, one side of spiral propeller 5 is provided with screw driver driving wheel 6, the top of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 arranges dialing-grain unit 7, one side of dialing-grain unit 7 arranges dialing-grain unit driving wheel 8, and described dialing-grain unit 7 is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 by dialing-grain unit fixed support 9.
Described cutter is drawn together cutter 21 and lower cutter 22, described upper cutter 21 is arranged in the ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 of spiral propeller 5 bottoms, described upper cutter 21 is connected in upper cutter driving wheel 11 by gangbar 10, and regulate the operating frequency of cutter by gangbar, between described auger driving wheel 6 and upper cutter driving wheel 11, be connected to upper cutter 21 by belt cutting power is provided.
Described dialing-grain unit driving wheel 8 and auger driving wheel 6 are connected in main drive wheel 3 by belt respectively, and main drive wheel 3 is respectively dialing-grain unit 7 and auger 5 provides operation power.
Described lower cutter 22 is arranged on the bottom of ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1, described lower cutter 22 is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1 by cutter height regulator solution depression bar 12, on described lower cutter 22, cutter drive unit 221 is set, described cutter drive unit 221 is connected in main drive wheel 3 by speed changer 13 and belt, and regulates down the operating frequency of cutter by speed changer.
Between described dialing-grain unit fixed support 9 and ceding of Taiwan shell holder 1, be provided with and regulate the hydraulic lifting arm 14 of dialing-grain unit height for regulating the height of dialing-grain unit.
Described main drive wheel 3 is ceding of Taiwan power resources, provides power for dialing-grain unit, auger, speed changer respectively by belt.
Described upper cutter is connected in upper cutter driving wheel by gangbar, upper cutter driving wheel connects auger driving wheel by belt again, thereby auger driving wheel moves the action that drives auger and upper cutter that some row occur under the drive of main drive wheel.
Described lower cutter is arranged on the bottom of ceding of Taiwan shell holder, and speed changer is for lower cutter provides power, also can be used for regulating the operating frequency of lower cutter.Described cutter height regulator solution depression bar can be used for regulating the height of lower cutter.
Described upper cutter and the design structurally of lower cutter have realized controlling respectively of upper and lower two cutters, conveniently carry out as required different operations.
The supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines described above need to be used in conjunction with combine body in the time of work, and its concrete course of work is as follows:
(1) harvesting wheat: early June is when harvesting wheat, nearside divider by wheat single ear separate, wheatear portion is with supreme cutter place by straw shift wheel, upper cutter cuts wheatear portion, wheatear enters auger, bring to threshing/piece-rate system by the conveying plant of combine again, ceding of Taiwan feed quantity 2.5kg/s～3.0kg/s, upper cutter toothing 30cm～40cm.Lower cutter carries out secondary cut to wheat stalk stalk, and is laid in earth's surface, and stubble height is reduced to 4cm～6cm.
(2) sesbania results: when early October, sesbania was gathered in the crops, nearside divider along 75cm～80cm wide be about to sesbania individual plant separately, straw shift wheel is the sesbania supreme cutter of the position band place that bears pods, upper cutter cuts the portion of bearing pods, fruit pod enters auger, bring to threshing/piece-rate system by the conveying plant of combine again, ceding of Taiwan feed quantity 1.5kg/s～2.5kg/s, upper cutter toothing 40cm～70cm.Lower cutter carries out secondary cut to sesbania stem stalk, and is laid in earth's surface, and stubble height is reduced to 4cm～6cm.
In order to verify concrete effect of the present invention, carry out respectively following two kinds of tests:
In concrete process of the test, what wheat breed was selected is Jimai 22, sesbania variety adoption be the precocious strain of 20076B068(Shandong Province Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop seed selection), wheat and sesbania sower are heartily 2BXF-16 type disc type precision seeder of agriculture, rotovator and straw cutting apparatus are respectively heartily 1GQN-300 type and 1JHY-172 type of agriculture, and harvest machinery is that John deer 3080A type combine is joined in the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention.Fertilizer used is diammonium phosphate (13-44-0, Lu-Bei Enterprise Clique parent company of Shandong Province produces).And according to the determination of moisture of GB/T3543.6(crop seeds inspection procedure) mensuration Sesbania seed water content.
(1) embodiment 1:
It is Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province that experimental culture place 1 is selected, and the type in soil is high-yield field, non-saline land.Its concrete process of the test is as follows:
In on October 12nd, 2011 and on October 16th, 2012, wheat is sowed to planting, use the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention to gather in the crops on June 3rd, 2012 and on June 8th, 2013, toothing 5cm, Wheat stalk-covering earth's surface.
Use 2BXF-16 type disc type precision seeder to carry out sesbania sowing and fertilising on June 4th, 2012 and on June 8th, 2013, narrow row line-spacing 45cm, wide every trade is apart from 75cm, seed level 3cm, sowing quantity 4.5kg/hm2, base is executed diammonium phosphate 184kg/hm2, degree of depth 8cm.On October 13rd, 2012 and on October 12nd, 2013 are used the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention to carry out grain harvest operation.Seed airing is to water content 12.5%, and warehouse-in is preserved.
After sesbania results, toothing 5cm, sesbania straw covering plot table, on October 16th, 2012 and on October 15th, 2013 are carried out straw-returning operation 1 time with 1JHY-172 type straw cutting apparatus, after topsoil 5cm～15cm soil use 1GQN-300 type rotovator rotary tillage 1 time, just can carry out lower batch of wheat cultivation planting by 2BXF-16 type disc type precision seeder.
(2) embodiment 2:
It is Kenli County, Dongying city that experimental culture place 2 is selected, and land type is middle-and-low-yielding fields (saline lands), and its concrete process of the test is as follows:
On October 17th, 2011 and on October 19th, 2012 are sowed planting to wheat respectively, use the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention to gather in the crops on June 8th, 2012 and on June 10th, 2013, toothing 4cm, Wheat stalk-covering earth's surface.
Use 2BXF-16 type disc type precision seeder to carry out sesbania sowing and fertilising on June 8th, 2012 and on June 10th, 2013, narrow row line-spacing 40cm, wide every trade is apart from 80cm, seed level 2cm, sowing quantity 7.5kg/hm
2, base is executed diammonium phosphate 245kg/hm
2, degree of depth 8cm.On October 18th, 2012 and on October 18th, 2013 are used the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention to carry out grain harvest operation.Seed airing is to water content 12.9%, and warehouse-in is preserved.
After sesbania results, toothing 4cm, sesbania straw covering plot table, on October 19th, 2012 and on October 20th, 2013 are carried out straw-returning operation 1 time with 1JHY-172 type straw cutting apparatus, after topsoil 5cm～15cm soil use 1GQN-300 type rotovator rotary tillage 1 time, just can carry out lower batch of wheat cultivation planting by 2BXF-16 type disc type precision seeder.
For the result of viewing test, in carrying out above-mentioned test, also carry out comparative trial:
Comparative trial is carried out together with above-mentioned proving test in 2011 to 2013 the same period, content of the test is the several frequently seen crop genetics method of Huang-Huai-Hai, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are 1 year two work of Wheat Maize, and wheat cultivation time and technical scheme are identical with embodiment 2 with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3 is cotton nonoculture.Comparative example 4 is sesbania nonoculture, and its production process is: alkali is pressed on April 25th, 2012 and broad irrigation on May 2nd, 2013, and on May 10th, 2012 and on May 16th, 2013, superphosphate (0-18-0) 375kg/hm is spread fertilizer over the fields on earth's surface
2after, use 1GQN-300 type rotovator rotary tillage 2 times, use the line-spacing 33cm sowings such as XB-12 type half-precision seeding machine on May 11st, 2012 and on May 17th, 2013, the amount of broadcasting 60kg/hm
2, seed level 4cm.Spray the logical weed killer herbicide in Pu Huobai ridge, field.The 4LZ-3 of the Cherry type combine results of reequiping voluntarily on October 25th, 2012 and on November 2nd, 2013.
The enforcement place of comparative example 1 is positioned at Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, and land type is high-yield field, non-saline land, and the enforcement place of comparative example 2～4 is positioned at Kenli County, Dongying city, and land type is saline land middle-and-low-yielding fields.Wheat breed is Jimai 22, and corn variety is Zheng Dan 958, and cotton variety is that Shandong cotton grinds 22, and sesbania kind is ripe type landrace in being.In comparative example, wheat, corn, cotton culture are the common technology means of this area, and equal organic fertilizers not.
Effect average result is in table 1, table 2 and table 3.
Table 1. embodiment and the contrast of comparative example net earnings
Soil fertility condition planting patterns net earnings (unit/hm is processed in test
2) difference (unit/hm
2)
Embodiment 1 high-yield field
Note: net earnings=crop yield × unit price-field expense (incidentals such as seed, agricultural chemicals, fertilizer, machinery)
From table 1, the net earnings of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is all higher than the comparative example under equal soil fertility condition, and wherein, embodiment 1 has increased by 62.77 yuan/hm than the net earnings of comparative example 1
2, amplification 4.49%, the net earnings of embodiment 2 has increased respectively 126.58 yuan/hm than comparative example 2,3,4
2, 509.92 yuan/hm
2with 299.76 yuan/hm
2, amplification 13.18%, 88.32% and 38.06%.As can be seen here, under equal soil fertility condition, the economic benefit of wheat-sesbania planting patterns is all higher than other common planting patternss, and the economic benefit advantage of middle-and-low-yielding fields is more obvious.
Table 2. embodiment and the contrast of comparative example soil organic matter content
Note: soil organic matter content is got topsoil 20cm soil testing on October 14th, 2012 and on October 13rd, 2013.
From table 2, the soil organic matter content of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is all higher than the comparative example under equal soil fertility condition, wherein, embodiment 1 has increased 3.3g/kg than the soil organic matter content of comparative example 1, amplification 25.19%, the soil organic matter content of embodiment 2 has increased respectively 2.8g/kg, 2.9g/kg and 0.7g/kg than comparative example 2,3,4, amplification 23.73%, 24.79% and 5.04%.In addition, in saline and alkaline plot, the soil organic matter content of the comparative example 4 of sesbania nonoculture has increased respectively 2.1g/kg and 2.2g/kg than comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, amplification 17.80% and 18.80%.As can be seen here, sesbania nonoculture and crop rotation, all can improve the content of organic matter of soil, and the effect of increasing soil fertility of wheat-sesbania planting patterns is more obvious.
Table 3. embodiment and comparative example soil total salt content balance
Note: soil total salt content is got topsoil 20cm soil testing on October 14th, 2012 and on October 13rd, 2013.
From table 3, on saline and alkaline plot, the soil total salt content of embodiment 2 and comparative example 4 is significantly lower than comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, and the soil total salt content of embodiment 2 has reduced respectively 0.08% and 0.12% than comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, the range of decrease 42.11% and 52.17%.The difference of embodiment 2 and comparative example 4 is not obvious.As can be seen here, sesbania nonoculture and the crop rotation of wheat-sesbania, all can reduce soil total salt content, presses alkali successful.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the ripe efficient cultivation method of wheat cyanines two comprises wheat cultivation and sesbania cultivation, and wheat cultivating method is for sowing planting in mid-October, and early June next year gathers in the crops; It is characterized in that, described sesbania cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) no-tillage seeding
Early June, preceding crop wheat toothing 4cm～6cm, Wheat stalk-covering earth's surface, use sower to carry out sesbania no-tillage seeding, sowing adopts wide-and narrow-row drilling, narrow row line-spacing 40cm～45cm, wide every trade is apart from 75cm～80cm, seed level 1cm～4cm, sowing quantity 4.5kg/hm
2～7.5kg/hm
2;
(2) single fertilization
Sesbania base manure is according to N24kg/hm
2～36kg/hm
2and P2O572kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2effective dose, use chemical fertilizer of simple substance, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer etc.; Sesbania base manure applies the below of seed, degree of depth 6cm～10cm while sowing with precision seeder;
(3) grain harvest
Mid-October, 60%～80% pod carries out grain harvest operation when ripe, and seed airing is to water content below 13%, and warehouse-in is preserved;
(4) straw-returning
After sesbania results, toothing 4cm～6cm, sesbania straw covering plot table, after straw-returning, topsoil 5cm～15cm soil rotary tillage 1 time, just can carry out wheat cultivation planting with sower.
2. the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the preferred strain shape of sesbania kind compactness, branch are few, stem bears pods is the mid-early maturity type sesbania kind of master, plant height 1m～2m, time of infertility 100d～120d.
3. the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, sesbania sowing is preferably carried out seeding operation with the disc type precision seeder of fertilizing functions.
4. the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in carrying out sesbania seeding operation with disc type precision seeder, carries out single fertilization.
5. the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the preferred instant type chemical fertilizer of simple substance of sesbania base manure, composite fertilizer or special fertilizer.
6. the supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines, is characterized in that, comprises ceding of Taiwan shell holder, in described ceding of Taiwan shell holder, is provided with main drive wheel;
The leading section of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder is fixedly installed nearside divider, the inside of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder is provided with auger, one side of spiral propeller is provided with screw driver driving wheel, the top of described ceding of Taiwan shell holder arranges dialing-grain unit, one side of dialing-grain unit arranges dialing-grain unit driving wheel, and described dialing-grain unit is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder by dialing-grain unit fixed support;
Described cutter comprises cutter and lower cutter, described upper cutter is arranged in the ceding of Taiwan shell holder of spiral propeller bottom, described upper cutter is connected in upper cutter driving wheel by gangbar, between upper cutter driving wheel and auger driving wheel described above, is connected by belt;
Dialing-grain unit driving wheel and auger driving wheel described above are connected in main drive wheel by belt respectively;
Described lower cutter is arranged on the bottom of ceding of Taiwan shell holder, described lower cutter is hingedly fixed in ceding of Taiwan shell holder by cutter height regulator solution depression bar, on described lower cutter, cutter drive unit is set, described cutter drive unit is connected in main drive wheel by speed changer and belt.
7. the ripe efficient cultivation method of a kind of wheat cyanines two as claimed in claim 6 and the supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines, is characterized in that, is provided with the hydraulic lifting arm that regulates dialing-grain unit height between described dialing-grain unit fixed support and ceding of Taiwan shell holder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410155792.XA CN103931398B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | A kind of wheat ripe efficient cultivation method of cyanines two and the supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410155792.XA CN103931398B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | A kind of wheat ripe efficient cultivation method of cyanines two and the supporting cutting bench for harvesting of wheat cyanines |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103931398A true CN103931398A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| CN103931398B CN103931398B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106717486A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of hydraulic-driven rape combined harvester |
| CN107568009A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotton tillage free seeding method suitable for the ripe multiple cropping continuous cropping of wheat cotton two |
| CN108575592A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of light simplified villose vetch seed production methods and mating cleaning plant |
| CN109644607A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-19 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality |
| CN112889611A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 唐山市农业科学研究院 | Planting method of small red beans |
| CN114145199A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Efficient sesbania-wheat crop rotation method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106717486A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of hydraulic-driven rape combined harvester |
| CN107568009A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotton tillage free seeding method suitable for the ripe multiple cropping continuous cropping of wheat cotton two |
| CN108575592A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of light simplified villose vetch seed production methods and mating cleaning plant |
| CN108575592B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2023-07-04 | 山东绿肥生态科技有限公司 | Production method of light-simplified Mao She seed and matched cleaning device |
| CN109644607A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-19 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality |
| CN112889611A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 唐山市农业科学研究院 | Planting method of small red beans |
| CN114145199A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Efficient sesbania-wheat crop rotation method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
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