CN112673916A - Rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment function - Google Patents

Rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment function Download PDF

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CN112673916A
CN112673916A CN202110089704.0A CN202110089704A CN112673916A CN 112673916 A CN112673916 A CN 112673916A CN 202110089704 A CN202110089704 A CN 202110089704A CN 112673916 A CN112673916 A CN 112673916A
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water level
rice
water
field
rice field
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沈卫明
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Xiangxiang Minyong Rice Planting Professional Cooperative
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Xiangxiang Minyong Rice Planting Professional Cooperative
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment, which mainly comprises the following steps: s1: preparing soil, loosening, ploughing, fine ploughing and sowing base fertilizer; s2: the water level detectors are distributed at even intervals; s3: distributing by a water pump; s4: seedling raising and transplanting; s5: rice growth management, topdressing and pest control: a water level management system is built, and a water pump and a water level detector are connected with a PLC control system; s6: and (5) rice growth management. The rice planting method with the self-adaptive water level adjustment mainly comprises the steps that a control computer is connected with a water pump, so that the water pump is controlled by the control computer to drain or irrigate a rice field, and labor is saved; simultaneously the inside in paddy field is provided with evenly distributed's level sensor, carries out the feedback of water level through level sensor is timely to the control computer, and then makes control computer accessible control computer carry out comparatively accurate control to the water level to reach the feedback control of paddy field water level.

Description

Rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment.
Background
The rice is classified into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to the rice type. The rice is obtained by removing glume from rice, weighing brown rice, and grinding the brown rice to remove rice bran layer to obtain rice; rice is a staple food for nearly half of the world. The paddy rice can not be separated from water in the planting process, water level control in the paddy rice field is also very exquisite, generally, when the paddy rice is planted, the paddy rice field is kept in a shallow water state, the water level of about 2 centimeters is preferably kept in the paddy rice field after the paddy rice stands up, when the paddy rice grows up, the paddy rice field needs to be drained and dried in the sun, then the paddy rice field needs to be kept at the water level of about 5 centimeters when the paddy rice is subjected to heading and grouting, and the paddy rice needs to be controlled at about 30 centimeters in 10-11 months.
At present, the tradition of the control comparison of the inside water level of rice paddy field generally adopts the manual work to ditch in the rice paddy field and is draining the rice paddy field, and when the inside in rice paddy field need be watered and improve the water level, need carry out the diversion of ditching through the ditch, very waste time and energy to the water level is difficult to comparatively accurate control, and then leads to the water level to be on the high side or on the low side with required water level easily, influences the growth and development of rice, for this reason, we propose a water level self-adaptation regulation's rice planting method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment comprises the following steps:
s1: soil preparation, namely performing loose turning and fine ploughing on soil in a rice field by using rotary tillage equipment; keeping the depth of the seedling ditches in the rice field to be 20-30 cm; after soil preparation is finished, base fertilizer before rice planting is applied;
s2: the water level detectors are distributed at even intervals, and the number of the water level detectors in each rice field is 8-12/mu;
s3: the water pumps are distributed, one water pump is distributed in each rice field, the water pumps can be used for irrigation and drainage respectively, and the water pumps are communicated with the water channel through water pipes;
s4: seedling raising and transplanting, namely, raising seedlings cultivated in a seedling bed, irrigating water in the rice field before transplanting, and keeping the water level at 1/3-1/2 of the seedlings; then, transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the transplanting rice seedlings are orderly at intervals, and the rice field is marked by seedling ropes, seedling marks or seedling transplanting wheels; the seedling separator can be worn on fingers during manual seedling transplanting, and helps farmers separate seedlings; during transplanting, attention is paid to weather, and the seedling is prevented from being damaged by heavy rain;
s5: the water level management system is built, the distributed water pumps are remotely connected with the PLC control system through the controllers respectively, meanwhile, the PLC control system is remotely connected with the water level detector, meanwhile, a water level control program is written in the PLC control system, the operation of the water pumps is controlled through the water level control program according to the feedback of the water level detector, and further, the water level of the rice field is regulated and controlled;
s6: managing the growth of rice, after transplanting, applying additional fertilizer, namely applying tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and granular fertilizer in sequence for one time; meanwhile, pesticides are required to be used in time, and deinsectization, weeding and pest control are well performed.
Preferably: when the water level control program in the step S5 is running, firstly, the water level detector in the rice field reports the water level in the rice field to the PLC control system every 2-3 hours, then the PLC control system judges the proper water level for rice growth according to the current rice growth stage, and then the PLC control system compares the actual water level with the proper water level; when the actual water level is lower than the proper water level, the PLC control system starts a water pump in the corresponding rice field, and water is irrigated towards the corresponding rice field through the water pump so as to increase the water level in the rice field; when actual water level was higher than suitable water level, PLC control system started corresponding water pump this moment, carries out the drainage to the paddy field through the water pump to reduce the inside water level in paddy field.
Preferably: when the PLC control system controls the water pump to irrigate and drain water in the rice field, the water level detector increases the frequency of water level reports, particularly reports every 1-2 minutes, and the water pump is conveniently turned off in time according to the current water level; meanwhile, the PLC processes the water level data fed back by the water level detectors in the same rice field, and specifically ignores the water level numerical values fed back by the 1-2 water level detectors with the highest water level reading and the 1-2 water level detectors with the lowest water level reading according to the number of the water level detectors in the rice field, and the average of the water level readings of the remaining water level detectors is taken as the actual water level of the current rice field.
Preferably: the water level control program in step S5 is specifically configured to adjust the water level during the growth of rice:
after the rice seedlings stand up: the water level of the rice field should be kept at 1.8-2.2 cm, and the water level is favorable for the green turning and tillering of the rice;
at the final stage of rice tillering: proper drainage is needed for drying the field in the sun to control ineffective tillering in the later growth stage, the specific time for drying the field in the sun is almost 3-6 days, and the adjustment can be properly carried out according to the weather condition;
and (3) rice heading and filling period: the water level is properly increased, the water level of the rice field is kept about 4-6 cm, the rice can fully absorb nutrient sources, the rice is guaranteed to have more ears and grains, and the empty ears are reduced.
Preferably: and S6, keeping the water level of the rice field for 3-4 cm and keeping the water level for 3-4 days when the rice diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled in the rice growth management.
Preferably: and S1, applying the base fertilizer after the paddy field is prepared by combining an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and applying the base fertilizer when harrowing the paddy field for the last time.
Preferably: and at the final stage of rice tillering, after the rice field is sunned, the water level is increased to a high water level, the water level is kept for 2-3 days, then the water level is reduced, and the cycle is repeated for three times.
A rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment comprises the following steps:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the control computer is connected with the water pump, so that the water pump is controlled by the control computer to drain or irrigate the paddy field, and manpower is saved; simultaneously the inside in paddy field is provided with evenly distributed's level sensor, carries out the feedback of water level through level sensor is timely to the control computer, and then makes control computer accessible control computer carry out comparatively accurate control to the water level to reach the feedback control of paddy field water level.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment comprises the following steps:
s1: soil preparation, namely performing loose turning and fine ploughing on soil in a rice field by using rotary tillage equipment; keeping the depth of a seedling ditch of the rice field to be 20 cm; after soil preparation is finished, base fertilizer before rice planting is applied;
s2: the water level detectors are distributed at even intervals, and the number of the water level detectors in each rice field is 8/mu;
s3: the water pumps are distributed, one water pump is distributed in each rice field, the water pumps can be used for irrigation and drainage respectively, and the water pumps are communicated with the water channel through water pipes;
s4: seedling raising and transplanting, namely, raising seedlings cultivated in a seedling bed, irrigating water in the rice field before transplanting, and keeping the water level at 1/3 of the seedlings; then, transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the transplanting rice seedlings are orderly at intervals, and the rice field is marked by seedling ropes, seedling marks or seedling transplanting wheels; the seedling separator can be worn on fingers during manual seedling transplanting, and helps farmers separate seedlings; during transplanting, attention is paid to weather, and the seedling is prevented from being damaged by heavy rain;
s5: the water level management system is built, the distributed water pumps are remotely connected with the PLC control system through the controllers respectively, meanwhile, the PLC control system is remotely connected with the water level detector, meanwhile, a water level control program is written in the PLC control system, the operation of the water pumps is controlled through the water level control program according to the feedback of the water level detector, and further, the water level of the rice field is regulated and controlled;
s6: managing the growth of rice, after transplanting, applying additional fertilizer, namely applying tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and granular fertilizer in sequence for one time; meanwhile, pesticides are required to be used in time, and deinsectization, weeding and pest control are well performed.
When the water level control program in the step S5 is running, firstly, the water level detector in the rice field reports the water level in the rice field to the PLC control system every 2 hours, then the PLC control system judges the proper water level for rice growth according to the current rice growth stage, and then the PLC control system compares the actual water level with the proper water level; when the actual water level is lower than the proper water level, the PLC control system starts a water pump in the corresponding rice field, and water is irrigated towards the corresponding rice field through the water pump so as to increase the water level in the rice field; when actual water level was higher than suitable water level, PLC control system started corresponding water pump this moment, carries out the drainage to the paddy field through the water pump to reduce the inside water level in paddy field.
When the PLC control system controls the water pump to irrigate and drain water in the rice field, the water level detector increases the frequency of water level reports, particularly reports every 1 minute, and the water pump is conveniently turned off in time according to the current water level; meanwhile, the PLC processes the water level data fed back by the water level detectors in the same rice field, and specifically ignores the water level numerical values fed back by the 1-2 water level detectors with the highest water level reading and the 1-2 water level detectors with the lowest water level reading according to the number of the water level detectors in the rice field, and the average of the water level readings of the remaining water level detectors is taken as the actual water level of the current rice field.
The water level control program in step S5 is specifically configured to adjust the water level during the growth of rice:
after the rice seedlings stand up: the water level of the rice field is kept to be 1.8 cm, and the water level is favorable for the green turning and tillering of the rice;
at the final stage of rice tillering: proper drainage is needed for drying the field in the sun to control ineffective tillering in the later growth stage, the specific time for drying the field in the sun is almost 4 days, and the adjustment can be properly carried out according to the weather condition;
and (3) rice heading and filling period: the water level is properly increased, the water level of the rice field is kept about 4 cm, the rice can fully absorb nutrient sources, the rice ears are large, and the empty ears are reduced.
And step S6, keeping the water level of the rice field for 3 cm and keeping the water level for 3 days when the rice diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled in the rice growth management.
And S1, applying the base fertilizer after the paddy field is prepared by combining an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and applying the base fertilizer when harrowing the paddy field for the last time.
At the final stage of rice tillering, after the rice field is sunned, the water level is increased to a high water level, the water level is kept for 2 days, then the water level is reduced, and the cycle is repeated for three times.
Example 2
A rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment comprises the following steps:
s1: soil preparation, namely performing loose turning and fine ploughing on soil in a rice field by using rotary tillage equipment; keeping the depth of a seedling ditch of the rice field to be 30 cm; after soil preparation is finished, base fertilizer before rice planting is applied;
s2: the water level detectors are distributed at intervals, and the water level detectors in each rice field are distributed at 12/mu;
s3: the water pumps are distributed, one water pump is distributed in each rice field, the water pumps can be used for irrigation and drainage respectively, and the water pumps are communicated with the water channel through water pipes;
s4: seedling raising and transplanting, namely, raising seedlings cultivated in a seedling bed, irrigating water in the rice field before transplanting, and keeping the water level at 1/2 of the seedlings; then, transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the transplanting rice seedlings are orderly at intervals, and the rice field is marked by seedling ropes, seedling marks or seedling transplanting wheels; the seedling separator can be worn on fingers during manual seedling transplanting, and helps farmers separate seedlings; during transplanting, attention is paid to weather, and the seedling is prevented from being damaged by heavy rain;
s5: the water level management system is built, the distributed water pumps are remotely connected with the PLC control system through the controllers respectively, meanwhile, the PLC control system is remotely connected with the water level detector, meanwhile, a water level control program is written in the PLC control system, the operation of the water pumps is controlled through the water level control program according to the feedback of the water level detector, and further, the water level of the rice field is regulated and controlled;
s6: managing the growth of rice, after transplanting, applying additional fertilizer, namely applying tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and granular fertilizer in sequence for one time; meanwhile, pesticides are required to be used in time, and deinsectization, weeding and pest control are well performed.
When the water level control program in the step S5 is running, the water level detector in the rice field reports the water level in the rice field to the PLC control system every 3 hours, then the PLC control system determines the proper water level for rice growth according to the current rice growth stage, and then the PLC control system compares the actual water level with the proper water level; when the actual water level is lower than the proper water level, the PLC control system starts a water pump in the corresponding rice field, and water is irrigated towards the corresponding rice field through the water pump so as to increase the water level in the rice field; when actual water level was higher than suitable water level, PLC control system started corresponding water pump this moment, carries out the drainage to the paddy field through the water pump to reduce the inside water level in paddy field.
When the PLC control system controls the water pump to irrigate and drain water in the rice field, the water level detector increases the frequency of water level reports, particularly reports every 2 minutes, and the water pump is conveniently turned off in time according to the current water level; meanwhile, the PLC processes the water level data fed back by the water level detectors in the same rice field, and specifically ignores the water level numerical values fed back by the 1-2 water level detectors with the highest water level reading and the 1-2 water level detectors with the lowest water level reading according to the number of the water level detectors in the rice field, and the average of the water level readings of the remaining water level detectors is taken as the actual water level of the current rice field.
The water level control program in step S5 is specifically configured to adjust the water level during the growth of rice:
after the rice seedlings stand up: the water level of the rice field is kept to be 2.2 cm, and the water level is favorable for the green turning and tillering of the rice;
at the final stage of rice tillering: proper drainage is needed for drying the field in the sun to control ineffective tillering in the later growth stage, the specific time for drying the field in the sun is almost 5 days, and the adjustment can be properly carried out according to the weather condition;
and (3) rice heading and filling period: the water level is properly increased, the water level of the rice field is kept about 4-6 cm, the rice can fully absorb nutrient sources, the rice is guaranteed to have more ears and grains, and the empty ears are reduced.
And S6, keeping the water level of the rice field at 4 cm and keeping the water level for 4 days when the rice diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled in the rice growth management.
And S1, applying the base fertilizer after the paddy field is prepared by combining an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and applying the base fertilizer when harrowing the paddy field for the last time.
At the final stage of rice tillering, after the rice field is sunned, the water level is increased to a high water level and kept for 3 days, then the water level is reduced, and the cycle is repeated for three times.
Results of the above planting tests of examples 1-2, 1377 is the best quality of rice seed
Serial number Item Example 1 Example 2
1 Number of effective ears per mu 15.32 Ten thousand ears/mu 15.97 Ten thousand ears/mu
2 Grain number per ear 201.30 grains/spike 202.12 grains/ear
3 Setting percentage 80.75% 80.93%
4 Thousand seed weight 24.82 g 24.89 g
5 Starch content 16.5% 16.8%
6 Consistency of gum 62mm 63mm
The planting temperature of the rice is 25-33 ℃.
The rice planting method with the self-adaptive water level adjustment mainly comprises the steps that a control computer is connected with a water pump, so that the water pump is controlled by the control computer to drain or irrigate a rice field, and labor is saved; simultaneously the inside in paddy field is provided with evenly distributed's level sensor, carries out the feedback of water level through level sensor is timely to the control computer, and then makes control computer accessible control computer carry out comparatively accurate control to the water level to reach the feedback control of paddy field water level.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: soil preparation, namely performing loose turning and fine ploughing on soil in a rice field by using rotary tillage equipment; keeping the depth of the seedling ditches in the rice field to be 20-30 cm; after soil preparation is finished, base fertilizer before rice planting is applied;
s2: the water level detectors are distributed at even intervals, and the number of the water level detectors in each rice field is 8-12/mu;
s3: the water pumps are distributed, one water pump is distributed in each rice field, the water pumps can be used for irrigation and drainage respectively, and the water pumps are communicated with the water channel through water pipes;
s4: seedling raising and transplanting, namely, raising seedlings cultivated in a seedling bed, irrigating water in the rice field before transplanting, and keeping the water level at 1/3-1/2 of the seedlings; then, transplanting rice seedlings, wherein the transplanting rice seedlings are orderly at intervals, and the rice field is marked by seedling ropes, seedling marks or seedling transplanting wheels; the seedling separator can be worn on fingers during manual seedling transplanting, and helps farmers separate seedlings; during transplanting, attention is paid to weather, and the seedling is prevented from being damaged by heavy rain;
s5: the water level management system is built, the distributed water pumps are remotely connected with the PLC control system through the controllers respectively, meanwhile, the PLC control system is remotely connected with the water level detector, meanwhile, a water level control program is written in the PLC control system, the operation of the water pumps is controlled through the water level control program according to the feedback of the water level detector, and further, the water level of the rice field is regulated and controlled;
s6: managing the growth of rice, after transplanting, applying additional fertilizer, namely applying tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and granular fertilizer in sequence for one time; meanwhile, pesticides are required to be used in time, and deinsectization, weeding and pest control are well performed.
2. The rice planting method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the water level control program in the step S5 is running, firstly, the water level detector in the rice field reports the water level in the rice field to the PLC control system every 2-3 hours, then the PLC control system judges the proper water level for rice growth according to the current rice growth stage, and then the PLC control system compares the actual water level with the proper water level; when the actual water level is lower than the proper water level, the PLC control system starts a water pump in the corresponding rice field, and water is irrigated towards the corresponding rice field through the water pump so as to increase the water level in the rice field; when actual water level was higher than suitable water level, PLC control system started corresponding water pump this moment, carries out the drainage to the paddy field through the water pump to reduce the inside water level in paddy field.
3. The rice planting method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the PLC control system controls the water pump to irrigate and drain water in the rice field, the water level detector increases the frequency of water level reports, particularly reports every 1-2 minutes, and the water pump is conveniently turned off in time according to the current water level; meanwhile, the PLC processes the water level data fed back by the water level detectors in the same rice field, and specifically ignores the water level numerical values fed back by the 1-2 water level detectors with the highest water level reading and the 1-2 water level detectors with the lowest water level reading according to the number of the water level detectors in the rice field, and the average of the water level readings of the remaining water level detectors is taken as the actual water level of the current rice field.
4. The rice planting method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water level control program in step S5 is specifically configured to adjust the water level during the growth of rice:
after the rice seedlings stand up: the water level of the rice field should be kept at 1.8-2.2 cm, and the water level is favorable for the green turning and tillering of the rice;
at the final stage of rice tillering: proper drainage is needed for drying the field in the sun to control ineffective tillering in the later growth stage, the specific time for drying the field in the sun is almost 3-6 days, and the adjustment can be properly carried out according to the weather condition;
and (3) rice heading and filling period: the water level is properly increased, the water level of the rice field is kept about 4-6 cm, the rice can fully absorb nutrient sources, the rice is guaranteed to have more ears and grains, and the empty ears are reduced.
5. The rice planting method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S6, keeping the water level of the rice field for 3-4 cm and keeping the water level for 3-4 days when the rice diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled in the rice growth management.
6. The rice planting method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S1, applying the base fertilizer after the paddy field is prepared by combining an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and applying the base fertilizer when harrowing the paddy field for the last time.
7. The rice planting method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and at the final stage of rice tillering, after the rice field is sunned, the water level is increased to a high water level, the water level is kept for 2-3 days, then the water level is reduced, and the cycle is repeated for three times.
CN202110089704.0A 2021-01-22 2021-01-22 Rice planting method with self-adaptive water level adjustment function Pending CN112673916A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114027123A (en) * 2021-12-02 2022-02-11 马鞍山市新市有年渔业有限公司 Rice planting method capable of intelligently monitoring water level
RU2775404C1 (en) * 2021-09-09 2022-06-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И.Т. Трубилина" Method for rice cultivation using intra-soil drip irrigation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2775404C1 (en) * 2021-09-09 2022-06-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И.Т. Трубилина" Method for rice cultivation using intra-soil drip irrigation
RU2793367C2 (en) * 2021-09-09 2023-03-31 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И.Т. Трубилина" Rice cultivation method with surface drip irrigation of rice
CN114027123A (en) * 2021-12-02 2022-02-11 马鞍山市新市有年渔业有限公司 Rice planting method capable of intelligently monitoring water level

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