CN112639154B - 热成型性和耐蚀性优异的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

热成型性和耐蚀性优异的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN112639154B
CN112639154B CN201980056672.5A CN201980056672A CN112639154B CN 112639154 B CN112639154 B CN 112639154B CN 201980056672 A CN201980056672 A CN 201980056672A CN 112639154 B CN112639154 B CN 112639154B
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李硕奎
朴一祯
金明守
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Abstract

本发明提供一种热成型性和耐蚀性优异的铝‑锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法。本发明涉及一种热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al‑Zn合金镀覆钢板,所述镀覆钢板的基础钢板上具有Al‑Zn热浸镀铝镀层,所述镀层由下层部和上层部构成,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部包含Fe:40‑50%、Al:50‑60%、Si:1%以下和其它不可避免的杂质,以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部包含Zn:10‑30%、余量的Al和作为其它杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下,并且使所述上层部的厚度形成为总镀层厚度的30%以下。

Description

热成型性和耐蚀性优异的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热成型性和耐蚀性优异的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板的制造,更详细地,涉及一种铝-锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法,所述镀覆钢板不仅耐蚀性优异,而且可以抑制热成型时发生的粘附在冲压模具(die)或辊的镀层的粘结(sticking)。
背景技术
通常,为了热成型,以往使用镀Al钢板或镀Zn钢板,但具有产生微裂纹的问题,并且由于热处理时形成的合金相,还存在耐蚀性变差的问题。
因此,为了改善这种耐蚀性和热成型性变差的问题,专利文献1中提出了一种镀Al钢板,以重量%计,所述钢板含有Zn:1-60%、Si:1-15%、Mg:0.5-10%、Ca:0.5%以下。但是,上述镀覆成分体系通过添加Mg来抑制Al-Fe合金相的形成,因此存在热成型时在基材铁上产生微裂纹的问题。此外,当添加Mg时,抑制形成在镀层界面的Al-Fe合金相的形成,因此还存在高温加工时在冲压模具上发生粘结的问题。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献]
(专利文献1)日本专利申请JP2001-190707号(2001年06月25日申请)
(专利文献2)日本专利申请JP2009-102101号(2009年04月20日申请)
发明内容
要解决的技术问题
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种铝-锌合金镀覆钢板及其制造方法,所述铝-锌合金镀覆钢板可以抑制热成型时产生的微裂纹,而且可以防止热粘结并具有优异的耐蚀性。
此外,本发明中要解决的技术问题并不受限于以上说明的技术问题,本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以从以下记载明确理解未说明的其它技术问题。
技术方案
用于实现上述目的的本发明涉及一种热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板,所述镀覆钢板的基础钢板上具有Al-Zn热浸镀铝镀层,所述镀层由下层部和上层部构成,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部包含Fe:40-50%、Al:50-60%、Si:1%以下和其它不可避免的杂质,以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部包含Zn:10-30%、余量的Al和作为其它杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下,并且使所述上层部的厚度形成为总镀层厚度的30%以下。
本发明中的所述基础钢板可以是冷轧钢板或热轧钢板。
以重量%计,所述基础钢板可以包含C:0.05-0.3%、Si:0.01-2.5%、Mn:0.5-8%、Al:0.01-0.5%、B:100ppm以下、余量的Fe和不可避免的杂质。
此外,本发明涉及一种制造热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板的方法,所述方法包括以下工艺:将钢板浸入镀浴中后排出,以重量%计,所述镀浴包含Zn:10-30%、Si:1%以下、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质;在200-300℃的温度范围内进行空气擦拭(air wiping),以调节从镀浴中排出的所述钢板的镀层厚度;以及在500-670℃的温度范围内,将镀层厚度经调节的所述钢板的镀层进行合金化,以形成合金镀层。
本发明中的所述合金镀层由下层部和上层部构成,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部包含Fe:40-50%、Al:50-60%、Si:1%以下和其它不可避免的杂质,以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部包含Zn:10-30%、余量的Al和作为其它杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下,所述上层部的厚度优选为总镀层厚度的30%以下。
有益效果
具有如上所述的结构的本发明对制造如下的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板具有有益的效果,所述铝-锌合金镀覆钢板防止热成型时镀层在冲压模具(die)或辊上粘结,不仅可以抑制微裂纹的产生,而且可以提高耐蚀性。
附图说明
图1是示出铝-锌合金镀覆钢板的截面示意图,(a)是示出现有材料的截面示意图,并且(b)是示出通过本发明的制造方法制造的铝合金镀覆钢板的截面的截面示意图。
图2是示出本发明的实施例中形成的合金镀层的镀覆粘附性的发生程度的图,(a)示出比较例1的情况,并且(b)示出发明例1的情况。
图3是示出本发明的实施例中形成的镀层截面的SEM照片,(a)示出比较例1的情况,(b)示出发明例1的情况。
最佳实施方式
以下,对本发明进行说明。
本发明人发现在Al合金镀覆钢板中,以Al作为主要成分构成的上层部的镀层厚度为总厚度的30%以上的情况下,在高温下进行加工时,存在镀层在冲压模具(die)上粘结的问题。并且,为了解决这种问题,反复进行研究和实验的结果,确认了可以通过对热浸镀浴组分、空气擦拭和冷却条件等进行优化控制来解决该问题,并提出了本发明。
本发明的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板为在基础钢板上具有Al-Zn热浸镀铝镀层的镀覆钢板,所述镀层由下层部和上层部构成,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部包含Fe:40-50%、Al:50-60%、Si:1%以下和其它不可避免的杂质,以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部包含Zn:10-30%、余量的Al和作为其它杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下,并且使所述上层部的厚度形成为总镀层厚度的30%以下。
本发明中的所述基础钢板可以利用常规的冷轧钢板或热轧钢板。
此外,以重量%计,所述基础钢板优选可以包含C:0.05-0.3%、Si:0.01-2.5%、Mn:0.5-8%、Al:0.01-0.5%、B:100ppm以下、余量的Fe和不可避免的杂质。
此外,本发明的Al-Zn合金镀层包括形成在基础钢板的正上方的下层部和形成在所述下层部上的上层部。
所述下层部由Al-Fe的金属间化合物形成,由Fe2Al5或FeAl3相构成。并且,此时,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部优选包含Fe:40-50%、Al:50-60%、Si:1%、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质。
以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部优选包含Zn:10-30%、余量的Al和作为其它杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下。
此外,本发明的特征在于,控制所述上层部的厚度,使其为总镀层厚度的30%以下。
通常,在Al合金镀覆的情况下,镀浴中的Si成分抑制Al-Fe金属间化合物层的形成,因此Al-Fe合金相的厚度一般占总镀层的约20-40%。
但是,根据本发明人的研究结果,当所述下部层厚度在总镀层厚度中所占的比例超过70%时,确认了防止热成型时镀层在冲压模具(die)或辊上粘结,并且可以制造一种如下的铝-锌合金镀覆钢板,所述铝-锌合金镀覆钢板不仅可以抑制微裂纹的产生,而且可以提高耐蚀性。但是,即使降低上述镀浴中的Si的含量,也难以控制Al-Fe的合金相占据总镀层厚度的超过70%,这可以通过控制后述的空气擦拭和冷却条件等来确保。
接着,对本发明的制造Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板的方法进行说明。
本发明的制造Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板的方法包括以下工艺:将钢板浸入镀浴中后排出,以重量%计,所述镀浴包含Zn:10-30%、Si:1%以下、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质;在200-300℃的温度范围内进行空气擦拭,以调节从镀浴中排出的所述钢板的镀层厚度;以及在500-670℃的温度范围内,将镀层厚度经调节的所述钢板的镀层进行合金化,以形成合金镀层。
首先,在本发明中,将需要镀覆的基础钢板浸入镀浴中后连续排出,从而在基础钢板的表层涂覆镀层,以重量%计,所述镀浴包含Zn:10-30%、Si:1%以下、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质。
在本发明中,以重量%计,所述镀浴的组分优选包含Zn:10-30%、Si:1%以下、余量的Al。当Zn含量小于10重量%时,耐蚀性变差,因此存在表面耐蚀性和牺牲防蚀性降低的问题,当Zn含量超过30重量%时,可能会存在抑制界面的合金成型性的问题。此外,在本发明中,需要将镀浴中的Si含量限制为1.0重量%以下,这是因为随着Si含量的增加,下部镀层(下部层)的厚度变薄,不能获得30%以下的上部镀层(上部层)的厚度,因此无法获得本发明所期望的镀层特性。
接着,在本发明中,在200-300℃的温度范围内进行空气擦拭,以调节从镀浴中排出的所述钢板的镀层厚度。
详细地,本发明中使离开镀覆槽的上述镀覆钢板通过公知的气刀,利用气压将镀层的厚度控制为适当值。
此时,在本发明中,为了确保持续形成Al-Fe合金相,优选将空气擦拭的温度保持在200-300℃的范围,在该温度范围内,最大限度地抑制镀层的凝固,从而可以促进形成Al-Fe的合金相。具体地,这是因为当所述空气擦拭温度小于200℃时,发生抑制Al-Fe的合金相的形成的问题,当所述空气擦拭温度超过300℃时,温度上升的效果可能会饱和。
并且,在本发明中,在500-670℃的温度范围内,将镀层厚度经调节的所述钢板的镀层进行合金化,从而可以制造具有最终的合金镀层的镀覆钢板。
即,在本发明中,为了进一步形成Al-Fe合金相,在500-670℃的温度范围内进行进一步的热处理,以控制Al-Fe的合金相超过总镀层厚度的70%。当所述温度小于500℃时,无法确保Al-Fe的合金相形成层超过70%,当所述温度超过670℃时,过度形成Fe-Al合金相,因此可能会发生镀覆粘附性变差的问题。
更优选地,将所述温度范围保持在630-670℃的范围。
另外,图1是示出铝-锌合金镀覆钢板的截面示意图,(a)是示出现有材料的截面示意图,并且(b)是示出通过本发明的制造方法制造的铝合金镀覆钢板的截面的截面示意图。如图1所示,可知通过本发明的制造方法制造的镀覆钢板的情况下,与现有材料相比,作为下部层的Al-Fe合金相更厚。
具体实施方式
以下,通过实施例对本发明进行详细的说明。
(实施例)
准备用于热成型的冷轧钢板,以重量%计,所述冷轧钢板包含C:0.22%、Mn:1.6%、Si:0.3%、B:30ppm、余量的Fe和不可避免的杂质。并且,将该冷轧钢板连续浸入热浸镀铝镀浴中,以在钢板表面形成镀层,之后,向外排出,以重量%计,所述镀浴由Zn:10-30%、Si:0-9%、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质组成。此时,镀浴温度设为580℃。
接着,使向外排出的所述镀覆钢板通过气刀,以调节镀层厚度。此时,如下表1所示,将空气擦拭温度改变成200-350℃来进行实验,以使可以形成具有不同厚度的作为镀覆下部层的Fe-Al合金相。之后,如下表1所示,将合金化温度改变为530-700℃来进行合金化处理,以促进高Al-Fe的合金相形成在其镀层厚度经调节的镀覆钢板上。
对如上所述分别制造的铝-锌合金镀层的下层部和上层部的成分进行分析,并示于下表1中。并且,测量镀层中上部层所占的厚度比例,并将其结果示于下表1中。
并且,对制造的各个铝-锌合金镀层,评价耐粘结性、LME、耐蚀性、镀覆粘附性,并将其结果示于下表1中。另外,所述耐粘结性、LME、耐蚀性、镀覆粘附性的评价标准等为如下所示。
[耐粘结性]
热处理(900℃,5分钟)后用冲压机进行加工后,吸附在冲压机上的镀层的数量。
O:优异(100×100mm的面积中有5个以下)
△:差(100×100mm的面积中有5-30个)
X:不良(100×100mm的面积中有30个以上)
[LME的测量]
点焊(电极压力:4.0kN,电极直径为6mm,0.5kA)后通过用电子显微镜(扫描电子显微镜(SEM))观察截面而测量的裂纹(crack)长度。
O:优异(LME裂纹为150μm以下)
△:差(LME裂纹为151-500μm)
X:不良(LME裂纹为501μm以上)
[耐蚀性]
热处理(900℃,5分钟)后进行盐雾试验(SST),1200小时后去除腐蚀产物,形成在基础钢板上的最大的孔深。
O:优异(孔深为300μm以下)
△:差(孔深为301-600μm)
X:不良(孔深为601μm以上)
[镀覆粘附性]
利用密封剂(Sealer)进行90°弯曲试验后,密封剂使镀层脱落的比例。
O:优异(没有镀覆剥离)
△:差(镀覆剥离为10%以下)
X:不良(镀覆剥离为10%以上)
[表1]
Figure BDA0002954951770000071
Figure BDA0002954951770000081
*表1中的A/W是指空气擦拭。
如上述表1所示,可知镀层成分中具有适当的Si含量且空气擦拭温度和合金化温度在本发明的范围以内的发明例1至发明例7的情况下,镀覆上部层的厚度均为相对于总镀层厚度的30%以下,因此可知各个镀层的耐粘结性、LME、耐蚀性和镀覆粘附性特性优异。
与此不同,可知镀层成分中的Si含量过多或者空气擦拭温度和合金化温度范围不在本发明的范围内的比较例1至比较例4的情况下,与发明例相比,特别是耐粘结性和镀覆粘附性不好。
因此,通过该实验可以确认,控制热浸镀浴中的Si含量、空气擦拭和合金化温度范围是将上部镀层厚度控制为总镀层厚度的30%以下的重要的技术因素。
另外,图2是示出本发明的实施例中形成的合金镀层的镀覆粘附性的发生程度的图,(a)示出比较例1的情况,并且(b)示出发明例1的情况。
并且,图3是示出本发明的实施例中形成的镀层截面的SEM照片,(a)示出比较例1的情况,(b)示出发明例1的情况。如图3所示,可以确认与比较例1相比,发明例1的作为下部层的Al-Fe相具有更厚的厚度。换句话说,与比较例1相比,本发明例1可以将上部镀层厚度控制为相对于总镀层厚度的30%以下。
如上所述,虽然通过限定的实施例和实验例对本发明进行了说明,但本发明并不受限于此,在本发明的技术思想和权利要求的等同范围内本领域技术人员可以进行各种修改和变形。

Claims (5)

1.一种热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板,其中,所述镀覆钢板的基础钢板上具有Al-Zn热浸镀铝镀层,所述镀层包括形成在所述基础钢板的正上方的下层部和形成在所述下层部上的上层部,以所述下层部自身的重量%计,所述下层部包含Fe:40-50%、Al:50-60%、Si:1%以下和余量的不可避免的杂质,以所述上层部自身的重量%计,所述上层部包含Zn:10-30%、Si:0.5%以下、作为杂质的Cr、Mo、Ni中的一种以上:0.05%以下、余量的Al,并且使所述上层部的厚度形成为总镀层厚度的30%以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板,其特征在于,所述基础钢板是冷轧钢板或热轧钢板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板,其特征在于,以重量%计,所述基础钢板包含C:0.05-0.3%、Si:0.01-2.5%、Mn:0.5-8%、Al:0.01-0.5%、B:100ppm以下、余量的Fe和不可避免的杂质。
4.一种制造根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板的方法,其包括以下工艺:
将钢板浸入镀浴中后排出,以重量%计,所述镀浴包含Zn:10-30%、Si:1%以下、余量的Al和不可避免的杂质;
在200-300℃的温度范围内进行空气擦拭,以调节从镀浴中排出的所述钢板的镀层厚度;以及
在500-670℃的温度范围内,将镀层厚度经调节的所述钢板的镀层进行合金化,以形成合金镀层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制造热成型性和耐蚀性优异的Al-Zn合金镀覆钢板的方法,其特征在于,在630-670℃的温度范围内,将镀层厚度经调节的所述钢板的镀层进行合金化。
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CN106282873A (zh) * 2015-05-13 2017-01-04 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种热冲压钢的合金镀层及其制备方法
JP2017066459A (ja) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-06 新日鐵住金株式会社 めっき鋼材

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