CN112543832B - 不可燃吸音板 - Google Patents

不可燃吸音板 Download PDF

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CN112543832B
CN112543832B CN202080002815.7A CN202080002815A CN112543832B CN 112543832 B CN112543832 B CN 112543832B CN 202080002815 A CN202080002815 A CN 202080002815A CN 112543832 B CN112543832 B CN 112543832B
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sound
combustible
honeycomb
absorbing
foam
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CN112543832A (zh
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武纮一
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Shizuka Co ltd
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Shizuka Co ltd
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

【课题】使组成材料中含有可燃物的吸隔音夹心合成板达到不可燃性能，实现不可燃吸音板。【解决方式】将切割加工用于填充蜂窝板的泡沫材时产生的切霄粉，置于泡沫材与吸音面材之间的间隙内。火灾时，受到被加热后的蜂窝材内水合物产生出水蒸气流等的影响，游离了的切霄堵塞吸音面材纤维间空隙，限制气流通路，并将由泡沫材释放出来的二氧化碳气体封住，减少氧气，抑制燃烧。另外还节约了可燃物胶黏剂的使用量。

Description

不可燃吸音板
技术领域
一种吸隔音性能优越、量轻型薄且强度高的不可燃吸音板。
背景技术
由高分子材料制成的塑料制品已在应用领域方面得到广泛利用。因大部分属可燃性的，具备燃烧能量大、燃烧速度快等特性，这使得防火及不可燃方面的技术开发非常棘手，未能防止一旦发生火灾其结果相当严重问题。再有，火灾事故发生时，因不完全燃烧而产生出大量烟雾，并伴随着分解出有毒气体的问题。
虽然对耐火/不可燃有法律规定，但针对材料的难燃化或不燃化等的技术对策尚不充分，从人命至尊角度来看，确立这些技术已是越来越重要的课题。
建筑基准法第2条第九号以及该法实行令第108条中2第一号至第三号(对不可燃材料)有规定，要制得符合规定的不可燃吸音板，对采用包含有机物在内的复合材料来说，特别在技术上实属不易。
即使如此，市场仍对具有轻量薄型化了的高质量多功能制品的需求不断。而已经建筑基准法认定为不可燃的通用无机材料，其性能并没能满足这些需求。
例如，用作天花板材料的石膏板。作为阻燃性隔音材料得到广泛使用，但有着量重、脆弱的缺陷，一旦地震就可能有受震坠落的危险。另外石膏板不具隔热、调湿、吸音性能，作为天花板材料，在满足重要的节能或者宁静效果上，用作吸音材料也不合适。
关于常用作吸音板的蜂窝板的不可燃化，已有技术方案。是采取将蜂窝板夹于非透气不可燃的铝制板等金属材料之间，而蜂窝板本身是从铝、氢氧化铝，陶瓷硅酸镁和芳纶材料选得，并使用可燃性粘胶，实现不可燃性能。(专利文献1)
若是所提案的结构，就能实现不可燃性能的蜂窝板。
但是，仍因蜂窝材内充填了泡沫材料，两面又被非透气不可燃材料所夹，存在着吸音特性低的问题。
再有，作为另外一项蜂窝板技术是通过利用胶黏剂将透气性面材、填有泡沫的蜂窝材以及隔音面材这3种材料胶合，得到卓越的吸隔音性能以及高强度性能的技术方案。(专利文献2)
这样存有因对泡沫材料、蜂窝材、以及胶黏剂的材质上的选择，而得不到不可燃性能的问题。就泡沫材料而言，通常所用的开孔泡沫材在火灾时经过加热，即使变成碳化状态，其气泡也不会崩溃，气泡与气泡仍保持开孔状态，因此，透气材料与泡沫材之间仍保持着透气性能，这就不可能得到不可燃特性。
再说胶黏剂，一般的胶黏剂大多属于第四类危险物品，因此用量过多时，则有妨碍制品的不可燃性能问题。
此外，还有用胶量大成本就高的问题。
再有，作为另外一项蜂窝板技术，采用不可燃或者难燃性能的蜂窝材，两面由金属面材相夹，其中至少有一面在金属面材与蜂窝材之间置入不可燃无机板料，从而实现不可燃的技术方案。(专利文献3)
若是所提案的结构，就能实现不可燃性能的蜂窝板。
但是，该方案未给蜂窝材填充吸音棉，有不吸音问题。
再有，作为另外一项蜂窝板技术，就是为使蜂窝板具备隔热以及吸隔音功能，将泡沫材料填入蜂窝材的单格，此时产生的泡沫切霄有可能介入蜂窝材与透气面板之间，降低粘合力。已有方案，可弥补这一粘合力问题。(专利文献4)
若是所提案的结构，就能实现具备隔热以及吸隔音功能的蜂窝板。但是尚未论及该板材的不可燃化。
背景技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:专利3806733号
专利文献2:专利3806744号
专利文献3:特开昭61-185436号
专利文献4:专利6065345号
发明内容
本发明解决的课题
如何将含有易燃性材料组成的具备隔热与吸隔音功能的蜂窝板，实现不可燃，即不可燃吸音板的课题。
解决课题的技术方案
作为持续燃烧的三大条件，有氧气、易燃物、火源。作为不可燃化的手段，只要除去三大要素中的一个即可。
本発明正是通过限制空气通路以阻断氧气，并巧用因惰气的产生而出现的缺氧现象，从而抑制易燃气体含量的手法等，将这些不可燃要素从材料结构和特性中发挥出来。
具体如下。
(1)为了限制空气的通路，将切割加工泡沫材时产生的切屑，极力留于泡沫材表面，当火灾发生时，起到填充材料作用，抑制纤维毡纤维空隙间的空气流通。
(2)当部分泡沫材因火灾燃烧时，释放惰性气体，易燃气体被稀释，出现缺氧现象。
(3)作为补充不可燃化的另一个条件，
·由水合物组成的材料，受热时发生吸热反应(脱水反应)，低温下则促进材料的碳化
·为了在被加热时也能保持板面形状，选择一种通过加热烧结的胶黏剂。
·选择易燃有机物含量低的材料。
发明效果
本发明的不可燃吸音板符合建筑基准法第2条第九号规定的以下条件：
(1)加热开始后20分钟内，总发热能量低于8MJ/m2。
(2)加热开始后20分钟内，最高发热速度连续10秒以上不得超过200kW/m2。
(3)加热开始后20分钟内，不得出现对防火有害程度的贯穿至背面的裂缝或窟窿。
(4)不起火焰。
气体有毒性试验中，所有白鼠生存时间应超过6.8分钟。
附图说明
[图1]不可燃吸音板截面图
[图2]说明不可燃吸音板制造方法的截面图
[图3]铝制蜂窝材截面图
[图4]说明因水蒸气流而游离的切霄截面图
[图5]说明因水解产物的流动而游离的切霄截面图
[图6]切霄是否从吸音面材外泄确认用粉尘检测装置的截面图
[图7]实施例1的气体有毒性试验结果一览表
[图8]实施例1的总热量曲线图
[图9]实施例1的发热速度曲线图
[图10]实施例2的气体有毒性试验结果一览表
[图11]实施例2的总热量曲线图
[图12]实施例2的发热速度曲线图
具体实施方式
实施例1
以下就本发明的具体制备工艺，参照附图、表格进行详细说明。首先说明结构和材料。图1为本发明的不可燃吸音板截面图。该不可燃吸音板1由吸音面材11、蜂窝材12、泡沫材13、隔音材14，以及蜂窝材12与泡沫材13間的切霄15层构成。
吸音面材11是采用厚度0.4mm以及0.6mm的拉制金属板，由两面将铝纤维毡夹中间的夹心式结构。铝纤维毡基料的铝纤维是经过三维压缩的多层材料。采用的铝纤维毡为JISH2102、纯度99.5％以上、开口率40％、纤维丝径100μm以下、纤维的积层16层以上、纤维间空隙100μm以下。
被拉制金属板夹置中间的铝纤维毡的总厚度应超过1.6mm，理想的是纤维积层至少16层或更多、纤维密度大(即开口率小)、1.61～1.8mm范围内的重量较轻且价格便宜的。
蜂窝材12是维持整个板形状的骨架，是经纸浆内掺入水合物等含易燃性有机物的纸为原材料，厚度30mm。
泡沫材13是由硬酚制成的泡沫塑料。气泡为开孔气泡并且非带电特性。应选用厚度比蜂窝材薄的，理由后述。泡沫材13是使不可燃吸音板具备吸音功能的材料。
不拘吸音面材11的材料是否是金属。可以是无机纤维材料，经由针刺加工的玻璃纤维或由岩棉等组成的SMG超级玻璃毡(大和理研工業株式会社)、或者CGM陶瓷玻璃毡(大和理研工業株式会社)也适合。此时，纤维丝径、密度、厚度很重要。作为选用玻璃纤维、岩棉等无机纤维适当的范围，符合纤维丝径5～7μm、密度90～150kg/m2、厚3.0～10mm条件的最为理想。前提是所选材料应为建筑基准法认定的不可燃材料。
隔音材料起到不可燃化与隔音作用。采用的隔音材14是符合JISH4000、合金编号A1050P-H24，表面涂有高分子聚酯树脂0.015mm与环氧/聚酯树脂0.005mm涂层、背面则涂有0.005mm环氧型聚氨酯涂层，厚度为1.2mm的铝制板。
用于涂层的烤漆，涂量受到控制可阻燃。然而，并不限定隔音板的厚度与材质。即使使用未经涂漆JIS A5052P-H24铝制板，也已通过不燃试验，检测到其不可燃性能。
蜂窝材的组成材料对不可燃化起到关键作用。
本实施例采用了单格为20mm尺寸的蜂窝材，由水合硅酸镁70～80％、二氧化硅3～5％、作为有机物的纸浆14～24％、其它有机物1～3％组成。由这些基料组成的蜂窝材，
可以在二氧化碳气体存在下或者氧气稀薄状态中，即使受热发生碳化，也能保持住形状。
然而，蜂窝材的水合硅酸镁，也可以是水合氢氧化铝(作为蜂窝材的组成例：水合氢氧化铝74％、纸浆20％、胶黏剂6％)。
此外，蜂窝材也可以是金属蜂窝材。因不含有机物，所以金属制的容易达到不可燃化。
本不可燃化发明中，起到重要性作用的是硬酚泡沫材13。具有开孔气泡，密度15～25kg/m3(理想的是17～21kg/m3)、厚30mm、非带电性。其基料是以苯酚和甲醛为原材料的酚醛树脂，从化学结构上来讲，耐热性能好，燃烧时出烟少，当受热燃烧便释放出二氧化碳以及少量的易燃气体一氧化碳，气放完后余留碳渣。
本发明中，不可燃吸音板的芯料由蜂窝材、苯酚泡沫材料、胶黏剂组成。而苯酚泡沫材料占到85％以上的体积，氧指数28以上，超出被分类为难燃性范围26以上，有助于阻燃。除了氧指数，它甚至在加热后仍保持碳化状态，并具有阻隔热量和保持结构，起到支撑蜂窝材单格壁的作用。
苯酚泡沫材料是由尺寸100μm程度的开孔气泡组成，开孔气泡就像缺损了部分球体的球的形状。切割加工时，产生相当量的切霄，并附着于整个板面。通常会因其影响胶合效果而事前被吸除，而本发明却极力将切霄留下利用。
这些切霄留在具有切断面的开孔气泡内或附近。因选用的是非带电特性的，所以切霄不会聚积，而是处于单颗独立可游离状态。因此，如后续说明，制造出每颗粒子受结构中气流影响的易动状态。如图1至图5所示，对切霄15积层的厚度，作了夸张图示。
将铝纤维毡夹心式地胶合于作为结构支撑的蜂窝材11与拉制金属板之间时，采用的是乳液胶16，而胶合蜂窝材11与隔音材14时采用的是环氧胶17。环氧胶17被消防法划分为危险品第四类的可燃物。
作为吸音面材11的拉制金属板、夹芯铝纤维毡以及用作结构支撑的蜂窝材12胶合时，作为胶黏剂16，选用了醋酸乙烯酯乳液粘合剂(CONISHI CX-50、含水53.5～56.5％)。该胶黏剂起到的阻燃作用，是通过所含水分进行吸热反应(脱水反应)从而抑制热能的供给，同时在二氧化碳存在下，树脂被碳化残留，吸音面材11和泡沫材13被碳化物烧结。
关于粘结蜂窝材12的胶黏剂16的用量，若量大产生的水蒸气就越多，引起粘结部分剥离，密封结构受破坏。相反用胶量过少时，则粘合性差，导致维护板材结构方面的问题。用胶适量范围为60～120g/m2。且，乳液胶黏剂不限于醋酸乙烯酯系的。
粘结蜂窝材12以及隔音材14的铝制板时，采用环氧胶17。该胶由环氧树脂51～56％、二氧化硅44～49％组成。粘结时，应对整个作为隔音材14的铝制板面均匀地涂敷环氧胶(300g/m2)。
虽然环氧胶17属于危险品第4类，但是成分中含有44～49％可抑制产生可燃气体量的无机材料二氧化硅。因含有无机材料，当蜂窝材与胶黏剂树脂的混合物残渣即使被烧结，亦能保持不可燃吸音板1的结构。因受加热，胶黏剂释放出的可燃性气体，被组成材料发生的二氧化碳稀释，燃烧受阻。用胶量很重要，从不可燃化以及粘合强度来讲，理想范围是250～300g/m2。按照建筑标准法第2条第九号，符合试验规定条件的不可燃吸音板的用量为300g/m2。
下面说明制备工艺。关于不可燃吸音板的制备方法如图2所示。首先，将由吸音面材11，即拉制金属板制得的夹心铝纤维材，置于拉力机下盘31之上。其次，将持水平状态厚度30mm的蜂窝材12的先端部分浸入胶池，仅使先端部分附着乳胶16，上胶后直接对准由拉制金属板夹制的纤维材上，放至胶合。
之后，如图2(a)所示，将厚29.0±0.5mm非带电性开孔气泡硬酚泡沫材13置于蜂窝材12上面，由压力机上盘32下压，压入。经此工序，如图2(b)所示，泡沫材13被填入蜂窝材12单格空间。之后，全面均匀地将环氧胶17涂敷于用作隔音板14的铝制板上，并置于蜂窝材12的上面，再次由压力机下盘21和压力机上盘22上下夹压粘合。其结果，便得如图1所示的不可燃吸音板。
此时，保持泡沫材13的厚度薄于蜂窝材12，并使得吸音面材11，即拉制金属板夹心制得的铝纤维材的表面与开孔气泡硬酚泡沫13的表面之间留有间隙，这样一来，附着在泡沫材13上的切霄13被密封于间隙内，形成切霄15层。
关于切霄15，在按照所定大小以及厚度切割泡沫材13时，通过调整锯片，便可得到5010～100μm范围的细颗粒切霄。通常使用产品时，切霄是产生粉尘的来源，粘结制备工艺中粘合的缺陷因素，工作环境恶化等的原因。特别是在制备不可燃吸音板中，粘合吸音面材11与蜂窝材12工序时，因妨碍胶合面的粘结，有着必需对表面彻底清理干净后才能进入粘结工序的技术问题。
为了解决这一技术问题，就吸音面材11与蜂窝材12的粘结，可以事先在没有切霄妨碍条件下进行处理，之后，再将带有切割加工时产生切霄的泡沫材13填入蜂窝材12。
因此，在粘结阶段，切霄15还未附着在蜂窝材12或者吸音面材11的铝纤维毡上，不能成为粘合的缺陷元素、工作环境恶化等的原因。反而，在填充泡沫材13，能将表面附着的切霄用作不可燃化手段。此外，为了使切霄不附着于泡沫材13的表面，利用静电作用使其成为可游离的单独粒子，则选用了非带电性的泡沫材13。
以上对不可燃吸音板的材料、结构、制备工艺进行了说明，下面对其不可燃化所起的作用进行解说。
本发明的不可燃吸音板，从功能上讲因为它是吸隔音夹心板，作为声音的入射面，一面配置了吸收声音的透气纤维材，另一面则采用的是隔音非透气板。
具有透气性能的吸音面材，在使吸隔音板不可燃化上占据重要位置。吸音面材有必要同时实现透气(吸音)和气流通路限制(阻氧)，可谓两种相反的功能。利用纤维材料或者多孔材料获得吸音功能时，就其不可燃化，一般是采用阻燃材料来解决，而本发明则进一步以实现不可燃的手段，即如何减低供氧以及利用板内释放出的二氧化碳等惰性气体，为技术课题。
再之，闭孔气泡苯酚泡沫材燃烧时，由于残存于表面的残渣，氧气难以进入内部，所以有着难以发生有毒气体的性质。但是，吸音性能优越的开孔气泡苯酚泡沫材即使烧成碳化状态，气泡也不会崩溃，并且仍然保持开孔状态。因此，有着即使火灾时仍保持透气性，但得不到不可燃性能这一缺点的课题。
针对上述技术课题，以制备泡沫材产生的切霄为主体，作为吸音面材，采用拉制金属板与铝纤维毡夹芯的组合，找到实现不可燃的恰当技术解法。
就主体切霄15的不可燃化手法进行说明。图4是说明因水蒸气流而游离的切霄截面图。图4(a)是受热前与图4(b)被烧后的对照图。吸音面材11是铝纤维毡，所以空气可自由通过，但是，当发生火灾其缝隙一旦被堵塞则成为阻氧手段。如图4(a)所示，切霄15已在苯酚泡沫材13表面和吸音面材11表面间的空隙形成切霄层。
当板被加热后，由于受到构成蜂窝材12的水合物释放出的水蒸气压的作用，如图4(b)所示，部分切霄15则受到透过纤维空隙水蒸气流影响，由铝纤维毡表面游离，并附着于纤维，堵塞缝隙，图中示出因水蒸气流而游离的切霄15a(图中以小点聚合描述)。正因缝隙被堵，所以透气即氧气量受到限制。
再有，如图5(b)所示，在进一步持续受热条件下，苯酚泡沫材13的成分，则因受热而分解释放出的气流影响，苯酚泡沫材13的脆弱气泡壁以及周围的游离碳化物则进入铝纤维毡的纤维缝隙内，增加堵塞，图中示出因热分解释放出的气体影响而游离的碳化物15b状态(图中以小三角形的聚合描述)。
其堵塞的结果，受热分解过程中释放出的二氧化碳气体被封闭于结构中，起到抑制发自胶黏剂的可燃性气体燃烧的作用。纤维间缝隙的堵塞效果也并不需要做到100％。
正如前面所述，切霄15是在切割加工苯酚泡沫材13时产生的。在被填入蜂窝材12时，切霄仍就附着在苯酚泡沫材材13的切割面上，并如解说图1所示，这些切霄会被封存于作为吸音面材11铝纤维毡与苯酚泡沫材13的间隙内，即使使用不可燃吸音板时，也不会外漏。
针对多层结构纤维的铝纤维毡，通过实验对其是否具有不使微颗粒切霄通过的功能进行了确认。作为粉尘检测法，采用的是由泡沫材13向吸音面材11方向吸引空气的方法。如此，外部若没确认到切霄15，则可以认为切霄被滞留于纤维缝隙未外漏。这样一来，在受热阶段，碳化了的切霄被堵塞于铝纤维缝隙内，可以说减少了透气。
图6是确认切霄是否由吸音面材外泄的粉尘检测装置的截面图。关于被封存于吸音面材11与泡沫材13之间的切霄15是否泄漏的检测方法，如图6所示，是将洁净空气如图中向下箭头所示，由上方以0.5m/s风速送向不可燃吸音板，再由吸音面材11侧吸引空气，如图中向上箭头所示，在空气通路6的途中，安装了空中粒子计数器，并测出切霄15外流量。
关于切霄15的外流量，使用空中粒子计数器(日立高科技公司制造、TS6500型)测得切霄15c的外流值。检测条件为流量28.3±5.66L/min、10分钟，粒径10～100μm。
该检测的结果，因空中粒子计数器的数值为零，得出未由不可燃吸音板向外泄漏的结论。
不向外泄漏也就意味着，吸音面材11与泡沫材13之间形成层的切霄15，如图4所示游离至铝纤维毡内，游动后的切霄15a滞留在纤维的缝隙，引起了堵塞。也就是，当切霄一旦遇到火灾，被加热后便可以起到降低空气流通，即减少供氧的作用。
总结说明不可燃性的所有作用。关于切霄15，被加热后受到产生的水蒸气流的影响，向吸音面材11纤维的缝隙间游离，经过再加热则附着于纤维并碳化，引起堵塞，起到缺氧效果。再之，经受加热组成材料发生碳化，期间游离出来的碳化物受到所产生的气压的影响，进入纤维缝隙，加深堵塞。这些堵塞使得热分解释放出来的二氧化碳气体滞留于不可燃吸音板结构内，起到抑制可燃气体燃烧的作用。综上复合作用打造不可燃。
就切霄的其它功能进行说明。当声波照准不可燃吸音板11，如图1中箭头所示，声波随即进入纤维材面。切霄15被吸音面材11、蜂窝材12以及泡沫材13围困在内，期间受到声波即空气振动的影响而振动。这正是声波被吸收，声波能量转变成振动能量。最终再转变成热能释放出来。也就是，切霄发挥出的吸音效果，不是基于与铝纤维毡的纤维缝隙或者泡沫材微小气泡中的反射吸收原理而产生的。
前述不可燃化对策的结果，达到以下技术成果。
针对「开始加热后20分钟的总热值应为8MJ/m2以下」标准，得到的结果如图8所示，不超4MJ/m2。
针对「开始加热后20分钟，最大发热速度连续10秒以上不超过200kW/m2」标准，得到如图9所示，10kW/m2以下的结果。
针对「开始加热后20分钟，没有出现对防火有害程度的贯穿至背面的裂缝或窟窿」标准，
得到的结果正是没有出现对防火有害程度的贯穿至背面的裂缝或窟窿。
关于「着火时间」，得出的结果是不着火。
利用白鼠生体实验，确认了火灾时有无释放出有毒气体。图7所示通过白鼠试验装置测得白鼠存活时间的结果。试验装置内的气体浓度为O 2(18.7％)、CO 2(1.46％)、CO(0.06％)，正好与加热期间中作为测量对象的不可燃吸音板所释放出气体相对应的浓度。在该环境中，通过对8只活鼠生体试验，测得全只平均存活14.7分钟以上的结果。超出规定标准值6.8分钟。由此结果可以断定不可燃吸音板释放气体的安全性。且生体实验的时间用了15分钟。
另外，据劳动安全卫生准则规定，作为禁止入内的浓度标准是二氧化碳超过1.5％、氧气浓度不到18％，而检测对象的不可燃吸音板被加热后产生的气体浓度，测出值为二氧化碳1.46％、氧气18.7％，符合标准。
实施例2
作为本实施例2的不可燃吸音板，如图3所示，蜂窝材的材料是不可燃物质铝。而其它材料与结构则与实施例1相同。例2的不可燃吸音板厚度32.8mm、重量8kg/m 2。
该例2的不可燃吸音板2如下记所示，符合建筑基准法第2条第九号试验所规定的发热试验标准。
针对「开始加热后20分钟的总热值应在8MJ/m2以下」标准，得到如图11所示，4MJ/m2以下的结果。
针对「开始加热后20分钟，最大发热速度连续10秒以上不超过200kW/m2」标准，得到如图12所示，10kW/m2以下的结果。
针对「开始加热后20分钟，没有出现对防火有害程度的贯穿至背面的裂缝或窟窿」标准，得到的结果正是没有出现对防火有害程度的贯穿至背面的裂缝或窟窿。
关于「着火时间」，得出的结果是不着火。
根据以上数据，实施例1的使用了硅酸镁蜂窝材的不可燃吸音板，和本实施例的铝蜂窝材的第2种不可燃吸音板之间，不可燃性能无明显差异。可以断定，追究铝纤维材部分缝隙堵塞效果要比选择哪种蜂窝材料更加重要。
加热例2不可燃吸音板时，得到的气体浓度值为O 2(18.9％)、CO 2(1.34％)、CO(0.03％)。如图10所示，该环境下，8只白鼠生体试验得到了全只存活超过判断标准值6.8分钟，长达平均12.29分以上的结果。因此，可判定吸音板释放气体的安全性。
符号说明
1 不可燃吸音板
11 吸音面材
12 蜂窝材
13 泡沫材
14 隔音材
15 切霄
15a 随水蒸气流游离的切霄
15b 随加热分解出的气体而游离的碳化物
15c 外泄试验中的游离切霄
16 乳液胶
17 环氧胶
18 铝蜂窝材
19 框架材料
2 不可燃吸音板
3 压力机
31 下压盘
32 上压盘
4 空气吸引装置
5 粒子计数器
6 空气通路

Claims (9)

1.一种不可燃吸音板，其特征在于，将泡沫材填入蜂窝材并以此为芯料，
在该蜂窝材的另一面，配置作为透气性纤维材的吸音面材，而另一表面则配上非透气性材质的隔音材，分别用胶黏剂胶合的不可燃吸音板，
该蜂窝材与该吸音面材之间，配有该泡沫材的切屑层，被加热后，该切屑起到充当封闭该吸音面材的纤维缝隙的密封材料作用，促成缺氧状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于以其泡沫材具有开孔气泡、且非带电性能的硬酚泡沫为材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的不可燃吸音板，在被加热后，该切屑的一部分游离至该透气性纤维材的纤维空隙内，成为抑制气流的堵塞材料，并且，该泡沫材以及该切屑受热后燃烧释放惰性气体，而该惰性气体为了促成该纤维材的空隙堵塞而充满该泡沫材空隙，抑制燃烧。
4.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于芯料被加热后释放二氧化碳气体，由蜂窝材、泡沫材、以及胶黏剂组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于芯料被加热后生成碳化物，由蜂窝材、泡沫材、以及胶黏剂组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于蜂窝材由水合物类无机材料
Figure FDA0003520662680000011
二氧化硅
Figure FDA0003520662680000012
纸浆及其他有机材料
Figure FDA0003520662680000013
组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于用于粘合该蜂窝材的先端和吸音面材时的胶黏剂为乳液胶，该乳液胶的用胶量范围是
Figure FDA0003520662680000014
8.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于用于该蜂窝材的先端和隔音材的胶黏剂为环氧胶，该环氧胶包括
Figure FDA0003520662680000015
的无机填料，并且该胶黏剂的用胶量为
Figure FDA0003520662680000016
Figure FDA0003520662680000017
9.根据权利要求1所述的不可燃吸音板，特征在于该透气性纤维材是铝纤维毡，或者是玻璃棉或者是岩棉的针刺纤维毡，纤维丝径100μm以下，纤维间空隙100μm以下。
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