CN112153987B - 抗体-药物缀合物及其用于治疗癌症的用途 - Google Patents
抗体-药物缀合物及其用于治疗癌症的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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Landscapes
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗体‑药物缀合物,其中所述抗体特异性结合运铁蛋白受体TfR,并且其中所述药物优选选自细胞毒性药物。该抗体‑药物缀合物特别可用于治疗包括癌症,诸如淋巴瘤或白血病的增生性疾病。
Description
技术领域
下文公开了抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗体特异性结合转铁蛋白受体TfR,并且其中所述药物优选选自细胞毒性药物。特别地,该抗体-药物缀合物可用于治疗包括癌症(诸如淋巴瘤或白血病)的增生性疾病。
背景技术
抗体-药物缀合物(以下称为“ADC”)是一类新的疗法,尤其是一类新的癌症疗法。ADC包含至少通过接头键合的抗体和有效载荷(例如,细胞毒性药物)。因此,ADC被设计成将抗体靶标的特异性与有效载荷的效率(例如化学治疗剂的细胞毒性)相结合。有效的ADC应该表现出高特异性和低毒性。
在毒性的背景下,ADC抗体需要准确且有效地结合其抗原,这意味着合适的靶抗原优先或仅在靶细胞上表达。
若干专利或专利申请,诸如US 6 214 345、WO 03/026577、WO 03/043583、WO2004/010957、WO 2005/082023和WO 2015/001117公开了可用于制备ADC的接头。已经用于使细胞毒素或药物与抗体缀合的接头类型的实例包括但不限于,腙、硫醚、酯、二硫键和含肽的接头。例如,接头选自在溶酶体区室中易于被低pH切割的那些或易于被蛋白酶(诸如在肿瘤组织中优先表达的蛋白酶,例如组织蛋白酶(例如,组织蛋白酶B、C、D))切割的那些。有效接头可以确保准确且及时地释放有效载荷。在毒性的情况下,似乎接头的稳定性也能影响有效载荷施加的毒性,即使接头本身似乎没有驱动毒性。实际上,稳定的接头可以以靶特异性方式释放有效载荷,而不稳定的接头更可能经历不准确的有效载荷释放(例如,由于非特异性切割),导致非特异性毒性。
ADC中使用的有效载荷是高效的,通常具有皮摩尔范围的细胞毒性药物。例如,常见的有效载荷是微管抑制剂(诸如美登素衍生物(DM1/DM4)或澳瑞他汀(MMAE/MMAF))、DNA合成抑制剂(诸如加利车霉素、阿霉素、吡咯并苯二氮卓类、吲哚啉苯并二氮卓类或倍癌霉素衍生物)、或拓扑异构酶抑制剂(诸如SN-38)。
尽管ADC似乎是有前途的疗法,但一些ADC可能毒性太大,这限制了这些化合物的治疗窗口或阻止了进一步的临床开发。
因此,表现出高特异性、最大功效和低毒性的有效ADC需要适当组合每种成分。
转铁蛋白受体(CD71)(以下称为“TfR”)是由两个各自约90kDa的760个氨基酸单体组成的二硫键连接的同二聚跨膜糖蛋白。TfR在铁摄取和细胞生长的调节中起关键作用(Gill et al.,N Engl J Med.,332,1744-1748,1995-Hermine et al.,N Engl J Med.,332,1749-1751,1995)。当二铁运铁蛋白与其细胞表面受体结合时,它通过网格蛋白包被的小窝被内化到酸性囊泡中,在此铁运铁蛋白复合物被离解。释放后,受体和载脂蛋白转铁蛋白再循环回到细胞表面。
TfR在不断更新的组织(诸如骨髓中的血细胞前体、肝脏中的肝细胞、表皮中的角质形成细胞和肠上皮隐窝中的肠上皮细胞)的细胞质膜上组成性表达。
数项研究表明,TfR在恶性组织中的表达高于其在健康组织中的表达(Gatter etal.,J Clin Pathol.,36,539-545,1983-Faulk et al.,Lancet.,2,390-392,1980-Shindelman et al.,Int J Cancer,27,329-334,1981)。多位作者已经报告了基于此思想的治疗方法,即使用与药物缀合的抗TfR抗体或运铁蛋白本身来杀死恶性细胞。还已经提出使用抗TfR抗体来阻断转铁蛋白与TfR之间的相互作用,并因此防止铁的摄取,导致铁的缺乏和细胞生长的负调控。但是,尽管许多出版物描述了抗-TfR抗体的制备,但是很少有具有抗增殖活性的抗-TfR单克隆抗体(mAb)的报道。
在先前的出版物中(Moura et al.,J Exp Med,194,417-425,2001),作者报道了命名为A24的结合人TfR的小鼠单克隆IgG(IgG2kappa)。
WO 2005/111082公开了A24抗体,一种能够阻断T细胞增殖的鼠抗体,并且其在抑制T细胞增殖方面似乎比先前描述的mAb 42/6更有效。A24还降低了TfR在细胞表面的表达,并削弱了TfR的回收利用。A24还能够阻断急性且慢性形式的ATL的恶性T细胞的体外增殖(Moura et al.,Blood,103,5,1838-45,1March 2004,Callens et al.,2010;J.Exp.Med.,Vol 207No 4,pp731-750)。还已经描述了该抗体能够在体外和体内预防套细胞淋巴瘤的发展(Lepelletier et al.Cancer Res 2007;67:1145-1154;Callens et al.2008,Leukemia,22,42-48)。
WO 2017/013230进一步公开了A24抗体的人源化形式,以及它们在治疗增生性疾病中的用途。还公开了缀合至治疗部分(诸如细胞毒素或药物)的抗TfR抗体。但是,WO2017/013230中没有公开特异性ADC。
因此,需要包含有效的抗TfR抗体的ADC,其具有高特异性和低毒性。
因此,发明人开发了这种ADC。本发明实际上依赖于其意想不到的结果,该结果表明本发明的ADC(即包含与特定接头和药物组合的特异性抗TfR抗体)具有以下优点:
-A24和ADC对表达TfR的细胞具有相似的结合功效;
-ADC仅诱导CD71阳性细胞凋亡;
-ADC在多个细胞系上有效;
-ADC在体外和体内均有效;
-ADC不会在体内引起脱靶效应(例如不释放促炎细胞因子)或毒性效应。
发明概述
因此,本公开涉及式(I):Ab-L-Z-X-D的ADC,其中:
-Ab是抗TfR抗体,
-L是与所述抗体键合的接头分子,所述接头分子具有式(II):
其中n是2-20的整数,
-Z是与L键合的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽,
-X是与Z键合的氨基苄基酯自消除基团,
-D是与X键合的药物。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的特定实施方案中,D是细胞毒性药物。优选地,D是药物单甲基澳瑞他汀E(以下称为“MMAE”)。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的特定实施方案中,X是与Z共价键合的对氨基苄基酯基,所述X具有下式(III):
J是选自F、Cl、Br、NO2、NHCOCH3、N(CH3)2、NHCOCF3、烷基和卤代烷基的任选取代基,并且m是0、1、2、3和4的整数。优选地,所述X是对氨基苄基酯,其中m为0。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的特定实施方案中,L与所述抗体的一个或多个硫醇残基共价键合。优选地,L对应于式(IV)的接头分子:
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体包括全长抗体或含有抗原结合部分的抗体片段。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体特异性结合SEQ IDNO:16的运铁蛋白受体。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体以10nM或更小的KD,优选以1nM或更小的KD结合转铁蛋白受体。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体诱导HL-60细胞系的凋亡至等于或优于用相应的嵌合抗体测得的诱导水平的水平,所述嵌合抗体具有VH为SEQ ID NO:9且VL为SEQ ID NO:10的亲本鼠可变区。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体是单克隆抗体。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体是人源化抗体。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定实施方案中,所述抗体包含人IgG4同种型恒定区,或突变或化学修饰的恒定区,其中当与具有野生型IgG1同种型恒定区的相应抗体相比时,所述突变或化学修饰的恒定区不赋予所述抗体ADCC活性或赋予所述抗体降低的ADCC活性。或者,所述抗体包含人IgG1同种型恒定区,或突变或化学修饰的恒定区,其中当与具有野生型IgG1同种型恒定区的相应抗体相比时,所述突变或化学修饰的恒定区赋予所述抗体增加的ADCC活性。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定且优选的实施方案中,所述抗TfR抗体是IgG4同种型的单克隆和人源化抗体。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的另一特定且优选的实施方案中,其中所述抗TfR抗体包含以下之一:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:5的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:8的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(c)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(d)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(e)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(f)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(g)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(h)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽。
可以用于本发明的ADC的抗体的实例包括如下文所述的人源化抗TfR抗体mAb1至mAb16,特别是表1中的那些。优选地,所述抗体是包含SEQ ID NO:18的重链和SEQ ID NO:17的轻链的mAb1。
本文还公开了如上定义的ADC,其用作药物,尤其是用于治疗癌症的用途。所述癌症优选是血液肿瘤,更具体地是淋巴瘤或白血病。或者,所述ADC也可以用于治疗实体瘤。
本公开还涉及药物组合物,其包含如上定义的ADC,与一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂、稀释剂或载体组合,任选地包含其他活性成分。
本公开还涉及组合物,其包含如上定义的ADC,还包含组氨酸,并且pH为6.5。该组合物任选地还包含蔗糖和聚山梨酯80。
在特定实施方案中,所述组合物是冻干制剂,或所述ADC以治疗上可接受的量包含在预填充的注射器或预填充的小瓶中。
本公开还涉及获得如上定义的ADC的方法,其中所述方法包括:
-在适于表达编码如上定义的抗体的核酸的条件下培养宿主细胞,
-分离所述抗体,
-合成与式(V)的接头L-Z-X键合的单甲基澳瑞他汀E:
-使所述抗体与与式(V)的接头L-Z-X键合的单甲基澳瑞他汀E缀合。
附图说明
图1表示称为“INA01-SDV1”或“INA01-SDV#1”的ADC的示意图。INA01对应于Ab,APN对应于L,VC-PAB分别对应于Z-X,且MMAE对应于D。
图2表示INA01-SDV1和A24在造血细胞系上的比较结合,图2A表示THP-1细胞系的结果,且图2B表示MEC-1细胞系的结果。
图3表示在用或未用人CD71转染的CHO细胞上诱导程序性细胞死亡(细胞凋亡),图3A表示CD71阴性细胞的结果,且图3B表示CD71阳性细胞的结果。
图4表示通过减少多种细胞系上INA01-SDV#1的增殖的体外功效,图4A表示Ramos细胞系的结果,且图4B表示THP-1细胞系的结果。
图5表示INA01-SDV#1的体内功效。图5表示处理后用THP-1细胞系异种移植的无肿瘤小鼠的百分比的Kaplan-Meier图。处理由仅一次施用称为INA01-SDV#1的ADC组成。当肿瘤大小约为100mm3时,腹膜内(IP)注射处理。测试了两种剂量(5mg/kg和0.5mg/kg)。n是小鼠编号。
图6表示在腹膜内以3mg/kg施用的野生型B6(WT)小鼠和CD71/转铁蛋白双敲除小鼠(TfR/Tf 2Ki)中INA01-SDV#1的毒理学分析。每4天注射五次(q4dx5)。图6A表示WT中的宏观器官分析,且图6B表示TfR/Tf 2Ki小鼠中的宏观器官分析。表7列出了图6A和6B所示的每个器官的组织学检查。
图7表示HL-60急性骨髓性白血病细胞系的细胞增殖,该细胞系与10种浓度(范围为0.02-10ug/mL)的称为INA0.02-SDV#1的ADC在37℃下孵育72小时。拟合曲线用于计算IC50(0.08ug/mL)。
图8表示在三种不同条件下,将PBMC(外周血单核细胞)与被称为INA01-SDV#1的ADC孵育后,TNF-α的产生(以pg/mL为单位):高包被(风干)、低包被(湿包被)或在溶液中(水性的)。测试了三种不同浓度的ADC:0.1、1和10ug/mL。
图9表示INA01-SDV#1的体内功效。图9表示处理后用THP-1细胞系异种移植的无肿瘤小鼠的百分比的Kaplan-Meier图。处理由每4天4次施用称为INA01-SDV#1的ADC组成。当肿瘤大小约为100mm3时,腹膜内(IP)注射处理。测试了两种剂量(1mg/kg和0.5mg/kg)。n是小鼠编号。使用对数秩检验确定p值。*P=0.025。
图10表示INA01-SDV#1的体内功效。图10表示处理后用THP-1细胞系异种移植的无肿瘤小鼠的百分比的Kaplan-Meier图。处理由每4天4次施用称为INA01-SDV#1的ADC组成。当肿瘤大小约为100mm3时,静脉(IV)注射处理。测试了两种剂量(3mg/kg和0.5mg/kg)。n是小鼠编号。使用对数秩检验确定p值。**P=0.0015。
发明详述
定义
为了可以更容易地理解本公开,首先定义某些术语。在整个详细描述中阐述了附加定义。
除非另有说明,术语“CD71”或“转铁蛋白受体”或“TfR”是指如SEQ ID NO:16所定义的人TfR。该序列对应于转铁蛋白受体蛋白1亚型1(智人)(NCBI参考序列NP_003225.2)。
本文所用的术语“抗体”包括完整抗体及其任何抗原结合片段(即“抗原结合部分”)或其单链。天然存在的“抗体”是糖蛋白,其包含通过二硫键相互连接的至少两条重(H)链和两条轻(L)链。每条重链由重链可变区(本文缩写为VH)和重链恒定区组成。重链恒定区由三个结构域CH1、CH2和CH3组成。每条轻链由轻链可变区(本文缩写为VL)和轻链恒定区组成。轻链恒定区由一个结构域CL组成。VH和VL区可以进一步细分为高变区,称为互补决定区(CDR),其间散布着更为保守的区,称为框架区(FR)。每个VH和VL由三个CDR和四个FR组成,其从氨基端到羧基端按以下顺序排列:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4。重链和轻链的可变区含有与抗原相互作用的结合域。抗体的恒定区可以介导免疫球蛋白与宿主组织或因子的结合,所述宿主组织或因子包括免疫系统的各种细胞(例如效应细胞)和经典补体系统的第一组分(C1q)。如本文所用,抗体的术语“抗原结合部分”(或简称为“抗原部分”)是指抗体的全长或一个或多个片段,其保留特异性结合抗原(例如一部分TfR)的能力。已经显示抗体的抗原结合功能可以通过全长抗体的片段来进行。术语抗体的“抗原结合部分”所涵盖的结合片段的实例包括Fab片段;由VL、VH、CL和CH1结构域组成的单价片段;F(ab)2片段;二价片段,其包含通过铰链区的二硫键连接的两个Fab片段;由VH和CH1结构域组成的Fd片段;Fv片段,由抗体单臂的VL和VH结构域组成;UniBody,其由在铰链区具有修饰的IgG重链(例如IgG4)的单臂、结构域抗体片段(Ward et al.,1989Nature 341:544-546)或由VH域组成的纳米抗体片段组成;和分离的互补决定区(CDR);或包含这种抗原结合部分的任何融合蛋白。此外,尽管Fv片段的两个结构域VL和VH由不同的基因编码,但是它们可以使用重组方法通过合成的接头连接起来,从而使它们成为单链蛋白,其中VL和VH区配对以形成单价分子(称为单链Fv(scFv);参见例如Bird et al.,1988Science 242:423-426;和Huston etal.,1988Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.85:5879-5883)。该单链抗体也旨在涵盖于抗体的术语“抗原结合部分”内。使用本领域技术人员已知的常规技术获得这些抗体片段,并以与完整抗体相同的方式筛选片段的效用。如本文所用,“分离的抗体”是指基本上不含具有不同抗原特异性的其他抗体的抗体(例如,特异性结合TfR的分离的抗体基本上不含特异性结合TfR以外的其他抗原的抗体)。但是,特异性结合TfR的分离抗体可能与其他抗原(诸如来自其他物种的TfR分子)具有交叉反应性。此外,分离的抗体可以基本上不含其他细胞材料和/或化学物质。短语“识别抗原的抗体”和“对抗原具有特异性的抗体”在本文中与术语“特异性结合抗原的抗体”可互换使用。
如本文所用,术语“单克隆抗体”或“单克隆抗体组合物”是指单一分子组成的抗体分子的制剂。单克隆抗体组合物显示出对特定表位的单一结合特异性和亲和力。
如本文所用,“同种型”是指由重链恒定区基因提供的抗体类别(例如,IgM、IgE、IgG(诸如IgG1或IgG4))。
如本文所用,“特异性结合抗原”,例如“特异性结合TfR”的抗体或蛋白质旨在指以100nM或更小,10nM或更小,1nM或更小的KD结合所述抗原(例如SEQ ID NO:16的人TfR)的抗体或蛋白质。
如本文所用,术语“KD”旨在指离解常数,其从Kd与Ka之比(即Kd/Ka)获得并以摩尔浓度(M)计。抗体的KD值可以使用本领域众所周知的方法测定。用于测定抗体的KD的方法是通过使用表面等离振子共振或使用生物传感器系统(诸如系统)。
如本文所用,术语“Kassoc”或“Ka”旨在指特定抗体-抗原相互作用的缔合速率,而如本文所用,术语“Kdis”或“Kd”旨在指特定抗体与抗原相互作用的解离速率。
如本文所用,术语“亲和力”是指抗体和抗原之间在单个抗原位点的相互作用的强度。在每个抗原性位点内,抗体“臂”的可变区通过弱的非共价力与抗原在许多位点相互作用;相互作用越多,亲和力就越强。
如本文所用,术语“HL-60细胞系”是指由Collins等人衍生的早幼粒细胞(PNAS1978,75:2458-1462),并且也描述于Gallagher等人(Blood,1979,54:713-733)中,例如可以目录号CCL-240TM从保藏中心中获得。
如本文所用,术语“宿主细胞”是指原核或真核细胞。优选真核细胞,例如优选哺乳动物宿主细胞、酵母或丝状真菌,特别是哺乳动物细胞,因为它们比原核细胞更可能组装和分泌适当折叠的且具有免疫活性的抗体。
如本文所用,抗体“A24”是指如WO 2005/111082中公开的抗体。
如本文所用,术语“ADCC”或“抗体依赖性细胞的细胞毒性”活性是指细胞耗尽活性。可以通过市售的ADCC测定法来测量ADCC活性,例如由Promega以商品号G7015出售的ADCC Reporter Bioassay。
如本文所用,术语“细胞凋亡”是指程序性细胞死亡。有关凋亡的更多信息可参见“Apoptosis:A Review of Programmed Cell Death,Susan Elmore,Apoptosis:A Reviewof Programmed Cell Death,Susan Elmore,Toxicol Pathol.2007;35(4):495–516”。
如本文所用,术语“EC50”是指在指定的暴露时间之后诱导基线与最大值之间的一半响应的抗体的浓度。例如,该浓度可以通过GraphPad软件测定。
如本文所用,术语“受试者”包括任何人类或非人类动物。术语“非人类动物”包括所有脊椎动物,例如哺乳动物和非哺乳动物,诸如非人类灵长类动物,绵羊、狗、猫、马、牛、鸡、两栖动物、爬行动物,……术语“受试者”也涵盖术语“患者”。
如本文所用,术语“药物”也指“有效载荷”,即与抗体(或片段)缀合的部分。D不应被解释为限于经典化学治疗剂。例如,D可以涵盖具有所需的生物学活性的蛋白质、肽或多肽。优选地,它是指治疗部分,诸如细胞毒素。“细胞毒素”或“细胞毒性剂”包括对细胞有害(例如杀死细胞)的任何试剂。
如本文所用,术语“接头分子”是指式(II)或(IV)的化合物。该接头分子适合于与包含硫醇部分的化合物(诸如抗体)连接。
如本文所用,术语“缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽”(以下称为“二肽VC”)表示由两个氨基酸缬氨酸和瓜氨酸组成的接头。该二肽尤其具有式(VI):
如本文所用,术语“氨基苄基酯自消除基团”是指起自消除基团作用的氨基苄基酯基。该基团由式(III)的化合物表示。“自消除基团”可以定义为双官能化学部分,其(i)能够将至少两个其他化学部分共价连接在一起形成稳定的分子,(ii)通过酶促切割可以从分子中隔开的化学部分之一释放,和(iii)在酶促切割后,可以自分子的其余部分自发地切割,以释放另一个隔开的化学部分。
如本文所用,术语“烷基”是指单价饱和烃链(具有直链或支链)。例如,烷基是指C1-C20烷基。优选地,烷基是“低级烷基”,即具有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳的烷基(直链或支链C1-C6烷基)。例如,其包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、正己基等。
如本文所用,术语“卤代烷基”是指具有一个或多个氢原子被一个或卤素原子取代的烷基。优选地,卤代烷基是“低级卤代烷基”,即具有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳的卤代烷基(直链或支链C1-C6卤代烷基)。例如,其包括CF3、CF2Br、CH2F、CHFCH3、CF3CH2、CF3CF2、CHF2CF2、CH2Cl或CH2CH2Cl。
如本文所用,术语“键合”是指连接。该连接也由式(I)中的破折号“-”表示。连接可以是共价键,也可以是非共价相互作用,诸如通过静电力。优选地,键是共价键。如本文所用,式中“波浪线”表示本公开的ADC的每个部分(Ab,L,Z,X和D)之间的连接位点。
如本文所用,“治疗上可接受的量”是指足以实现所需结果(例如,减小肿瘤大小、抑制肿瘤生长、防止转移、诱导细胞凋亡等)的量。
重组抗体
本公开的抗体是抗TfR抗体。优选地,该抗体包括人源化重组抗体mAb1-mAb16,其通过如下表1中所述的可变重链和轻链氨基酸序列和人恒定同种型区分并在结构上表征:
表1:mAb1-mAb16的可变重链和轻链氨基酸序列
用于产生mAb1-mAb16的IgG4、IgG1及其突变型IgG1AA和IgG1 N297A的恒定同种型区域的相应氨基酸和核苷酸编码序列是本领域众所周知的。下表2中显示了mAb1的全长轻链和重链以及相应的编码序列。
表2:全长重链和轻链DNA编码序列
根据本公开的一些抗体的VH CDR1(也称为HCDR1)、VH CDR2(也称为HCDR2)、VHCDR3(也称为HCDR1)、VL CDR1(也称为LCDR1)、VL CDR2(也称为LCDR2)、VL CDR3(也称为HCDR3)的氨基酸序列的实例示于表3中。
在表3中,使用Chothia系统描绘了本公开的一些抗体的CDR区(Chothia C,LeskAM.1987,J Mol Biol 196,901-917)。为了易于阅读,以下将CDR区分别称为HCDR1、HCDR2、HCDR3、LCDR1、LCDR2、LCDR3。
表3:根据Chothia的mAb1-mAb16和参考A24抗体的CDR区
表4、5和6描述了相对于ADC抗体有用的氨基酸和核苷酸序列。
表4:用于实施本发明的有用的氨基酸和核苷酸序列的简要描述
表5:用于实施本发明的有用的氨基酸和核苷酸序列的简要描述
示例 | 可变区和IgG Fc区 |
mAb1 | 具有IgG4 Fc区的VH4/VL4 |
mAb2 | 具有IgG4 Fc区的VH4/VL5 |
mAb3 | 具有IgG4 Fc区的VH5/VL4 |
mAb4 | 具有IgG4 Fc区的VH5/VL6 |
mAb5 | 具有IgG1 Fc区的VH4/VL4 |
mAb6 | 具有IgG1 Fc区的VH4/VL5 |
mAb7 | 具有IgG1 Fc区的VH5/VL4 |
mAb8 | 具有IgG1 Fc区的VH5/VL6 |
mAb9 | 具有IgG1 AlaAla突变Fc区的VH4/VL4 |
mAb10 | 具有IgG1 AlaAla突变Fc区的VH4/VL5 |
mAb11 | 具有IgG1 AlaAla突变Fc区的VH5/VL4 |
mAb12 | 具有IgG1 AlaAla突变Fc区的VH5/VL6 |
mAb13 | 具有IgG1 N297A突变Fc区的VH4/VL4 |
mAb14 | 具有IgG1 N297A突变Fc区的VH4/VL5 |
mAb15 | 具有IgG1 N297A突变Fc区的VH5/VL4 |
mAb16 | 具有IgG1 N297A突变Fc区的VH5/VL6 |
表6:mAb1-mAb16的可变区和IgG Fc区的描述
在一个实施方案中,分离的重组抗体具有:包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1;SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2;SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的重链可变区;和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1;SEQ ID NO:5或8的LCDR2;和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的轻链可变区;其中所述抗体特异性结合SEQ ID NO:16的运铁蛋白受体。
在特定实施方案中,根据本公开的分离的重组抗体包含以下之一:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:5的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:8的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(c)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(d)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(e)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(f)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(g)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;或
(h)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽。
在特定实施方案中,如上文所定义的所述重组抗TfR抗体具有以下一种或多种特性:
(i)通过SPR测量,其以10nM或更小的KD,优选以1nM或更小的KD结合转铁蛋白受体,
(ii)如在ELISA测定法中所测量的,其以0.1μg/ml或更低,优选0.05μg/ml或更低的EC50结合运铁蛋白受体(更多信息参见PCT/EP2016/067465);
(iii)它诱导HL-60细胞系的凋亡至等于或优于用相应的具有亲本鼠可变区的参考嵌合抗体测得的诱导水平的水平,该亲本鼠可变区的VH为SEQ ID NO:9,且VL为SEQ IDNO:10,例如使用HL-60细胞凋亡诱导测定法测量。典型地,与相同量的具有包含SEQ ID NO:9的VH和SEQ ID NO:10的VL的A24的亲本鼠可变区的参考嵌合抗体相比,可以测定10μg/ml的量的本公开的重组抗体诱导HL-60细胞系的凋亡。如果用测试抗体测得的阳性细胞百分比不显著低于用参考抗体测得的阳性细胞百分比,则测试抗体的HL-60细胞凋亡诱导试验中的细胞凋亡诱导与参考抗体相同。
如本文所用,“相应的”参考嵌合抗体是指具有与待测试其特定特性(例如诱导凋亡)的抗体的同种型恒定区具有100%同一性的同种型恒定区的参考抗体。
在可以与先前的实施方案组合的某些实施方案中,本文提供的抗体是上述定义的抗体的抗体片段。抗体片段包括但不限于Fab、Fab'、Fab'-SH、F(ab')2、Fv、UniBody和scFv片段、双抗体、单结构域或纳米抗体和其他片段。术语“双抗体”是指具有两个抗原结合位点的小抗体片段,该片段包含与同一条多肽链(VH-VL)中的轻链可变域(VL)连接的重链可变域(VH)。通过使用太短以至于不允许同一条链上两个结构域之间配对的接头,结构域被迫与另一条链的互补结构域配对并产生两个抗原结合位点。单结构域抗体是包含抗体的全部或部分重链可变域或全部或部分轻链可变域的抗体片段。在某些实施方案中,单结构域抗体是人单结构域抗体(Domantis,Inc.,Waltham,MA;例如,参见美国专利号6,248,516B1)。抗体片段可以通过多种技术制备,包括但不限于完整抗体的蛋白水解消化以及通过本文所述的重组宿主细胞产生。
在某些实施方案中,本公开的抗体是人源化抗体。典型地,将非人抗体人源化以降低对人的免疫原性,同时具有与亲本非人抗体至少相同的亲和力(或更高的亲和力)。在优选实施方案中,本公开的抗体是亲本抗体A24的人源化抗体。通常,人源化抗体包含一个或多个可变结构域,其中CDR(或其部分)衍生自非人抗体,例如鼠A24抗体,且FR(或其部分)衍生自人抗体序列。人源化抗体任选地还将包含人恒定区的至少一部分。在一些实施方案中,人源化抗体中的一些FR残基被来自非人抗体(例如衍生CDR残基的A24抗体)的相应残基取代,例如以恢复或改进抗体特异性或亲和力。在一些特定实施方案中,人源化抗体中的一些CDR残基也被取代,例如以恢复或改进抗体的特异性或亲和力。综述了人源化抗体及其制备方法,例如在Almagro and Fransson,Front.Biosci.13:1619-1633(2008)中,并进一步描述在例如Riechmann et al.,Nature 332:323-329(1988);Queen et al.,Proc.NatlAcad.Sci.USA 86:10029-10033(1989);US Patent Nos.5,821,337,7,527,791,6,982,321,and 7,087,409;Kashmiri et al.,Methods 36:25-34(2005)(描述特异性决定区(SDR)接枝);Padlan,Mol.Immunol.28:489-498(1991)(描述“重修”);Dall'Acqua et al.,Methods 36:43-60(2005)(描述"FR改组");以及Osbourn et al.,Methods 36:61-68(2005)and Klimka et al.,Br.J.Cancer,83:252-260(2000)(描述FR改组的“指导选择”方法)中。优选地,根据本公开的重组抗体是人源化沉默抗体,优选人源化沉默IgG1或IgG4抗体。
如本文所用,术语“沉默”抗体是指如在ADCC活性测定中所测量的,表现出无ADCC活性或低ADCC活性。
在一个实施方案中,术语“无或低ADCC活性”是指沉默抗体表现出的ADCC活性至少低于用野生型人IgG1同种型的相应抗体观察到的ADCC活性的10%以下,例如50%以下。
沉默的效应子功能可通过在抗体的Fc恒定部分中突变获得,并且已经描述在现有技术中:Strohl 2009(AA&N297A);Baudino 2008,D265A(Baudino et al.,J.Immunol.181(2008):6664-69,Strohl,CO Biotechnology 20(2009):685-91)。沉默的IgG1抗体的实例包括所谓的AA突变体,其在IgG1 Fc氨基酸序列中包含L234A和L235A突变。另一种沉默的IgG1抗体包含N297A突变,其可导致糖基化或非糖基化抗体。
具有突变氨基酸序列的抗体可通过对编码核酸分子进行诱变(例如定点诱变或PCR介导的诱变),然后使用本文所述的功能测定法测试编码的改变的抗体的保留功能(即上述功能)。
具有保守修饰的抗体
在某些实施方案中,本公开的抗体(或包含其抗原结合部分的结合蛋白)具有包含HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3序列的重链可变区和包含LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3序列的轻链可变区,其中这些CDR序列中的一个或多个具有基于本文所述的mAb1-mAb16抗体或其保守修饰的特定氨基酸序列,并且其中所述抗体或蛋白质保留本公开的抗TfR抗体的所需功能特性。
抗TfR抗体所需的功能特性包括但不限于:
(i)例如通过SPR测定(例如使用),其以10nM或更小的KD,优选以1nM或更小的KD结合转铁蛋白受体,
(ii)如在ELISA测定法中所测量的,其以0.1μg/ml或更低,优选0.05μg/ml或更低的EC50结合运铁蛋白受体(更多信息参见PCT/EP2016/067465);
(iii)它诱导HL-60细胞系的凋亡至等于或优于用相应的具有亲本鼠可变区的参考嵌合抗体测得的诱导水平的水平,该亲本鼠可变区的VH为SEQ ID NO:9,且VL为SEQ IDNO:10,例如使用HL-60细胞凋亡诱导测定法测量。典型地,与相同量的具有包含SEQ ID NO:9的VH和SEQ ID NO:10的VL的A24的亲本鼠可变区的参考嵌合抗体相比,可以测定10μg/ml的量的本公开的重组抗体诱导HL-60细胞系的凋亡。如果用测试抗体测得的阳性细胞百分比不显著低于用参考抗体测得的阳性细胞百分比,则测试抗体的HL-60细胞凋亡诱导试验中的细胞凋亡诱导与参考抗体相同。
如本文所用,术语“保守序列修饰”旨在指其中氨基酸残基被具有相似侧链的氨基酸残基取代的氨基酸取代。具有相似侧链的氨基酸残基家族已在本领域中定义。这些家族包括具有碱性侧链的氨基酸(例如赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸)、具有酸性侧链的氨基酸(例如天冬氨酸、谷氨酸)、具有不带电荷的极性侧链的氨基酸(例如甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、半胱氨酸、色氨酸)、具有非极性侧链的氨基酸(例如丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸)、具有β支化侧链的氨基酸(例如苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸)和具有芳族侧链的氨基酸(例如酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸)。因此,本公开的抗体的CDR区域内的一个或多个氨基酸残基可以被来自相同侧链家族的其他氨基酸残基替代,并且可以使用本文所述的功能测定法测试改变的抗体的保留功能。
可以通过本领域已知的标准技术将修饰引入本公开的抗体中,诸如定点诱变和PCR介导的诱变。
框架或Fc工程化
本公开的工程化抗体包括其中已对VH和/或VL内的框架残基进行修饰的那些抗体,例如以改进抗体性能。典型地,进行该框架修饰以降低抗体的免疫原性。例如,一种途径是将一个或多个框架残基“回复突变(backmutate)”为相应的种系序列。更具体地,经历了体细胞突变的抗体可以含有与从其衍生抗体的种系序列不同的框架残基。可以通过将抗体框架序列与从其衍生抗体的种系序列进行比较来鉴定该残基。为了使框架区序列恢复至其种系构型,可以通过例如定点诱变或PCR介导的诱变将体细胞突变“回复突变”至种系序列。该“回复突变”的抗体也旨在被本发明涵盖。
框架修饰的另一种类型涉及使框架区内或甚至一个或多个CDR区域内的一个或多个残基突变,以去除T细胞表位,从而降低抗体的潜在免疫原性。
特别地,Antitope公司(英国剑桥)已经开发出了一系列评估和去除免疫原性的专有技术,其基于鉴定治疗性抗体和蛋白质中T细胞表位的位置。这些技术总结如下:
-iTopeTM–一种计算机模拟技术,用于预测肽与人MHC II类等位基因的结合(Perryet al.2008Drugs in R&D,9(6):385-396)。
-TCEDTM–一种在研究中使用EpiScreenTMT细胞表位作图分析尤其是抗体V区而鉴定的已知T细胞表位的数据库(Bryson et al.2010Biodrugs 24(1):1-8)。可以通过BLAST搜索来查询该数据库以鉴定常见的基序(Altschul et al.1997Nucleic Acids Res.(1997)25:3389-3402)。
除了在框架或CDR区域内进行的修饰之外或作为替代,可以将本公开的抗体工程化以包括在Fc区域内的修饰,典型地改变抗体的一种或多种功能特性,诸如血清半衰期、补体固定、Fc受体结合和/或抗原依赖性细胞毒性。
此外,可以将本公开的抗体化学修饰(例如,一个或多个化学部分可以连接至抗体)或修饰以改变其糖基化,以及改变抗体的一个或多个功能特性。这些实施方案中的每一个在下面进一步详细描述。
如本文所用,术语“同种型恒定区”或“Fc区”可互换使用以定义免疫球蛋白重链的C-末端区,包括天然序列Fc区和变体Fc区。人IgG重链Fc区通常被定义为包含IgG抗体的从第C226位或从第P230位到羧基末端的氨基酸残基。Fc区中的残基编号是Kabat的EU索引编号。例如,Fc区的C末端赖氨酸(残基K447)可以在抗体的产生或纯化期间去除。因此,本公开的抗体组合物可以包含去除了所有K447残基的抗体群体、没有去除K447残基的抗体群体以及具有和不具有K447残基的抗体混合物的抗体群体。
在一个特定实施方案中,CH1的铰链区被修饰,使得铰链区中的半胱氨酸残基的数目被改变,例如增加或减少。Bodmer等人的美国专利号5,677,425中进一步描述了这种方法。例如,CH1的铰链区中的半胱氨酸残基的数目被改变以促进轻链和重链的组装或增加或降低抗体的稳定性。
在另一个实施方案中,抗体的Fc铰链区被突变以减少抗体的生物学半衰期。更具体地,将一个或多个氨基酸突变引入Fc-铰链片段的CH2-CH3结构域界面区域,使得相对于天然Fc-铰链域SpA结合,抗体具有削弱的葡萄球菌蛋白A(SpA)结合。这种方法在Ward等人的美国专利号6,165,745中有更详细的描述。
在另一个实施方案中,抗体被修饰以增加其生物学半衰期。各种方法都是可能的。例如,可以引入以下突变中的一个或多个:T252L、T254S、T256F,如Ward的美国专利号6,277,375中所述。或者,为了增加生物学半衰期,可以在CH1或CL区内改变抗体,以含有取自IgG的Fc区的CH2结构域的两个环的补救受体结合表位,如Presta等人的美国专利号5,869,046和6,121,022中所描述。
在其他实施方案中,通过用不同的氨基酸残基替换至少一个氨基酸残基来改变Fc区,以改变抗体的效应子功能。例如,可以用不同的氨基酸残基替换一个或多个氨基酸,以使抗体对效应配体具有改变的亲和力,但保留亲本抗体的抗原结合能力。例如,亲和力改变的效应配体可以是Fc受体或补体的C1组分。该方法在Winter等人的美国专利号5,624,821和5,648,260中有更详细的描述。
在另一个实施方案中,可以用不同的氨基酸残基替换选自氨基酸残基的一个或多个氨基酸,使得抗体改变了C1q结合和/或减少或消除了补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)。这种方法在Idusogie等人的美国专利号6,194,551中作了更详细的描述。
在另一个实施方案中,一个或多个氨基酸残基被改变,从而改变抗体固定补体的能力。Bodmer等人的PCT公开WO 94/29351中进一步描述了这种方法。
在又一个实施方案中,Fc区被修饰以通过修饰一个或多个氨基酸来增加抗体介导抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)的能力和/或增加抗体对Fcγ受体的亲和力。Presta的PCT公开WO 00/42072中进一步描述了这种方法。此外,已经绘制了人IgG1上针对FcγR1、FcγRII、FcγRIII和FcRn的结合位点,并且已经描述了具有改进的结合的变体(参见Shields,R.L.et al.,2001J.Biol.Chem 276:6591-6604)。
在其他实施方案中,Fc区被修饰以降低抗体介导抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)的能力和/或通过修饰一个或多个氨基酸来降低抗体对Fcγ受体的亲和力。具有降低的效应子功能,特别是降低的ADCC的此类抗体包括沉默抗体。
在某些实施方案中,使用IgG1同种型的Fc结构域。在一些特定实施方案中,使用IgG1 Fc片段的突变变体,例如沉默的IgG1 Fc,其降低或消除融合多肽介导抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)和/或结合Fcγ受体的能力。IgG1同种型沉默突变体的实例是IgG1,其中如Hezareh等人在J.Virol 2001Dec;75(24):12161-8中所述,在氨基酸第234和235位上用丙氨酸代替亮氨酸。
在某些实施方案中,Fc结构域是沉默的Fc突变体,其防止Fc结构域第297位处的糖基化。例如,Fc结构域在第297位处包含天冬酰胺的氨基酸取代。这种氨基酸取代的实例是用甘氨酸或丙氨酸替代N297。
在又另一个实施方案中,抗体的糖基化被修饰。例如,可以制备无糖基化的抗体(即,该抗体缺乏糖基化)。例如,可以改变糖基化以增加抗体对抗原的亲和力。例如,此类碳水化合物修饰可通过改变抗体序列内一个或多个糖基化位点来实现。例如,可以进行一个或多个氨基酸取代,其导致消除一个或多个可变区框架糖基化位点,从而消除该位点的糖基化。该糖基化可以增加抗体对抗原的亲和力。Co等人在美国专利号5,714,350和6,350,861中进一步详细描述了这种途径。
另外地或可替代地,可以制备具有改变的糖基化类型的抗体,诸如具有减少的岩藻糖残基量的次岩藻糖基化抗体或具有增加的二等分GlcNac结构的抗体。已经证明这种改变的糖基化模式增加了抗体的ADCC能力。例如,该碳水化合物修饰可通过在宿主细胞中以改变的糖基化机制表达抗体来实现。具有改变的糖基化机制的细胞已经描述在本领域中并且可以用作其中表达本公开的重组抗体从而产生具有改变的糖基化的抗体的宿主细胞。例如,Hang等人的EP 1 176 195描述了具有功能性破坏的FUT8基因的细胞系,其编码岩藻糖基转移酶,使得在这种细胞系中表达的抗体表现出岩藻糖基化不足。因此,在一个实施方案中,本公开的抗体通过在表现出岩藻糖基化模式的细胞系,例如具有编码岩藻糖基转移酶的FUT8基因表达不足的哺乳动物细胞系中通过重组表达产生。Presta的PCT公开WO 03/035835描述了一种变体CHO细胞系,Lecl3细胞,其将岩藻糖与Asn(297)连接的碳水化合物连接的能力降低,还导致该宿主细胞中表达的抗体的岩藻糖基化不足(另见Shields,R.L.et al.,2002J.Biol.Chem.277:26733-26740)。Umana等人的PCT公开WO 99/54342描述了经工程化以表达修饰糖蛋白的糖基转移酶(例如β(1,4)-N乙酰氨基葡萄糖氨基转移酶III(GnTIII))的细胞系,从而使在工程化细胞系中表达的抗体表现出增加的二等分GlcNac结构,该结构导致抗体的ADCC活性增加(也可参见Umana et al.,1999Nat.Biotech.17:176-180)。
本公开预期的本文抗体的另一种修饰是聚乙二醇化或羟乙基化或相关技术。例如,可以将抗体聚乙二醇化以增加抗体的生物学(例如血清)半衰期。为了聚乙二醇化抗体,典型地在一个或多个PEG基团变得附着于抗体或抗体片段的条件下,使抗体或其片段与聚乙二醇(PEG)(诸如PEG的反应性酯或醛衍生物)反应。聚乙二醇化可以通过与反应性PEG分子(或类似的反应性水溶性聚合物)的酰化反应或烷基化反应来进行。如本文所用,术语“聚乙二醇”旨在涵盖已用于衍生化其他蛋白质的任何形式的PEG,诸如单(C1-C10)烷氧基-或芳氧基-聚乙二醇或聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺。在某些实施方案中,待聚乙二醇化的抗体是无糖基化的抗体。聚乙二醇化蛋白质的方法是本领域已知的,并且可以应用于本公开的抗体。例如,参见Nishimura等人的EP 0 154 316和Ishikawa等人的EP 0 401 384。
本公开预期的抗体的另一种修饰是至少本公开的抗体的抗原结合区与血清蛋白(诸如人血清白蛋白或其片段)的缀合物或蛋白融合体,以增加所得分子的半衰期。例如,该方法描述于Ballance等人的EP 0322094中。
另一可能性是至少本公开的抗体的抗原结合区与能够结合血清蛋白(例如人血清白蛋白)的蛋白的融合体,以增加所得分子的半衰期。例如,该方法描述于Nygren等人的EP0486525中。
在一个特定实施方案中,相对于相同同种型的野生型抗体,根据本公开的抗体的效应子功能或补体激活功能已经降低或消除。一方面,通过选自减少抗体糖基化的方法来减少或消除效应子功能,将抗体同种型修饰为天然具有降低或消除的效应子功能的同种型以及对Fc区进行修饰。在特定的相关实施方案中,具有减少或消除的效应子功能的所述同种型是IgG4同种型。
产生本公开的抗体
可以使用本领域技术人员已知的常规技术来获得本公开的抗体。关于编码本公开的抗体的核酸以及产生这些抗体的转染瘤的产生的更多信息,本领域技术人员还可以参考国际申请号PCT/EP2016/067465。
接头
本公开的ADC含有三个不同的接头:L、Z和X。连接在一起的这三个接头的通式由式(V)表示。接头允许抗体和药物之间的连接。优选地,连接是共价的。因此,在本发明的一个实施方案中,D与X共价键合和/或X与Z共价键合和/或Z与L共价键合和/或L与Ab共价键合。更优选地,D与X共价键合,X与Z共价键合,Z与L共价键合,L与Ab共价键合。
L为式(II)或(IV)的接头分子,其中n为2-20的整数。L是PEG-芳基丙腈,也称为“APN”。如本文所示,n涵盖2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19和20。L赋予ADC在各种各样的条件下的稳定性。关于L的更多信息公开于PCT/EP2014/064387中。
在可以与其他实施方案组合的实施方案中,L通过至少一个硫醇部分(来自抗体的半胱氨酸)与抗体连接。在一个实施方案中,L与抗体之间的连接在式(II)或(IV)中的双键C=C侧。
Z是与L键合的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽。Z在L中的羰基侧(即羰基官能团)与L连接。在一个实施方案中,L和Z之间的连接发生在L的羰基和Z的氨基官能团(例如缬氨酸的氨基官能团)之间。二肽VC是可切割的接头。可切割的接头利用靶细胞(特别是癌细胞)内血流条件与细胞质条件之间的差异。在溶酶体的酸性环境中,二肽VC被溶酶体蛋白酶(诸如组织蛋白酶B)切割。ADC在靶细胞中内化后,在Z和X之间存在组织蛋白酶B的细胞内切割机制(例如胺官能团侧的瓜氨酸和氨基苄基酯自消除基团之间的切割)(参见(VII)中的→):
所得的X-药物不是稳定的中间体,并且自发地经历消除,留下药物作为产物(即1,6-消除(自消除))。有关由组织蛋白酶B作为细胞内切割机制的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸二肽的更多信息,请参见例如Dubowchik GM,Firestone RA,Padilla L,Willner D,Hofstead SJ,Mosure K,et al.Bioconjug Chem.2002;13:855–69。
X是与式(III)的Z键合的氨基苄基酯的自消除基团。X在Z的羧基(即羰基官能团)一侧与Z相连。在一个实施方案中,Z和X之间的连接发生在Z的羰基和X的氨基官能团之间。有关氨基苄基酯自消除基团的更多信息,参见WO 03/026577或WO 2004/010957。如本文所公开的,X因此是双官能化学部分间隔基,其(i)能够将至少两个其他化学部分共价连接在一起形成稳定的分子(特别是D和Z),(ii)通过酶促切割可以从分子中隔开的化学部分之一释放(在通过组织蛋白酶B裂解后,释放出XD);和(iii)在酶促切割后,可以自分子的其余部分自发地裂解,以释放另一个隔开的化学部分(最终释放D)。
有效载荷
在一个实施方案中,本公开的D是在X的羰基官能团侧与X连接的有效载荷。在一个实施方案中,X和D之间的连接发生在X的羰基官能团和D的氨基之间。
在一个特定实施方案中,在本公开的ADC中,D是细胞毒性药物。
在一个实施方案中,细胞毒性药物选自:taxon、细胞松弛素B、澳瑞他汀、短杆菌肽D、溴化乙锭、依米丁、丝裂霉素、依托泊苷、替诺泊苷、长春新碱、长春碱、秋水仙碱、阿霉素、柔红霉素、二羟基蒽醌二酮、米托蒽醌、米拉霉素、放线菌素D、1-去氢睾酮、糖皮质激素、普鲁卡因、丁卡因、利多卡因、普萘洛尔和嘌呤霉素及其类似物或同系物。其还包括抗代谢物(例如甲氨蝶呤、6-巯基嘌呤、6-硫鸟嘌呤、阿糖胞苷、5-氟尿嘧啶脱卡巴嗪)、消融剂(例如甲氯乙胺、噻吩氯苯丁酸苄酯、美法仑、卡莫司汀(BSNU)和洛莫斯汀(CCNU)、环磷酰胺(cyclothosphamide)、白消安、二溴甘露醇、链脲佐菌素、丝裂霉素C和顺式二氯二胺铂(II)(DDP)顺铂、蒽环类(例如柔红霉素(之前为道诺霉素)和阿霉素)、抗生素(例如,放线菌素、博来霉素、丝光霉素和蒽霉素(AMC))和抗有丝分裂剂(例如长春新碱和长春碱)。优选地,药物是单甲基澳瑞他汀E。
本公开的ADC
在一个实施方案中,本公开提供其中抗TfR抗体与药物(特别是MMAE)连接的ADC。接头是如上定义的分子L、Z和X。优选地,该ADC可以选择性地将有效剂量的MMAE递送至表达TfR的肿瘤组织。
在一个实施方案中,本公开提供如上定义的式(I)的ADC。
在一个更优选的实施方案中,本公开的ADC如下:
-Ab是抗TfR抗体,尤其是如上定义的mAb1,
-L是与所述抗体键合的接头分子,所述接头分子具有式(IV),
-Z是与L键合的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽,
-X与Z键合并且是式(III)的对氨基苄基酯自消除基团(其中m为0),
-D是与X键合的药物,尤其是MMAE。
在另一个更优选实施方案中,被称为“INA01-SDV1”的本公开的ADC如下:
-Ab是抗TfR抗体mAb1,其由SEQ ID NO:18表示的重链和由SEQ ID NO:17表示的轻链表征,
-L是与所述抗体键合的接头分子,所述接头分子具有式(IV),
-Z是与L键合的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽,
-X与Z键合并且是式(III)的对氨基苄基酯自消旋基团(其中m为0),
-D是MMAE。
图1表示本公开的优选ADC之一的示意图,其被命名为“INA01-SDV1”或“INA01-SDV#1”。通过半胱氨酸残基连接到人源化抗体INA01(Ab)的是接头APN(L)、可被组织蛋白酶B(Z)酶切割的二肽序列缬氨酸-瓜氨酸、式(III)的对氨基苄基酯(其中m是0(X)),以及细胞毒性单甲基澳瑞他汀E'MMAE'(D)。
尽管药物与抗体之比对于特定ADC具有确切的值,但应理解,由于某种程度的不均匀性(通常与缀合步骤相关),该值通常用于描述包含许多ADC样品时的平均值。ADC样品的平均载荷在本文中称为药物与抗体之比或“DAR”。在一些实施例中,DAR为约1-约8(即1、1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5、5、5.5、6、6.5、7、7.5和8),优选为平均约4。
药物组合物-制剂
在另一方面,本公开提供了组合物(例如药物组合物),其包含与药学上可接受的载体一起配制的本文公开的ADC之一或组合(例如,一种选自下组的ADC:mAb1-mAb16(尤其是mAb1),其与结构式(IV)的接头分子结合,其本身与Z结合,其本身与X结合,X是式(III)的对氨基苄基酯自消除基团(其中m为0),其本身与诸如MMAE的药物结合)。
在一个优选实施方案中,本公开的组合物(例如制剂)含有(i)本文公开的ADC之一或组合(例如,一种选自下组的ADC:mAb1-mAb16(尤其是mAb1),其与结构式(IV)的接头分子结合,其本身与Z结合,其本身与X结合,X是式(III)的对氨基苄基酯自消除基团(其中m为0),其本身与诸如MMAE的药物结合),(ii)组氨酸,(iii)和任选的药学上可接受的载体,所述组合物的pH为6.5。在另一个实施方案中,本公开的组合物(例如制剂)含有(i)本文公开的ADC之一或组合,(ii)组氨酸,(iii)蔗糖,(iv)聚山梨酯80,并且所述组合物的pH为6.5。优选地,组氨酸的摩尔浓度为20mM。在另一个实施方案中,本公开的组合物(例如制剂)含有(i)本文公开的ADC之一或组合,(ii)20mM组氨酸,(iii)6%的蔗糖(对于100mL缓冲液为6g),(iv)0.02%的聚山梨酯80,所述组合物的pH为6.5。优选地,该组合物在40℃下稳定,这意味着ADC的平均DAR保持为4至4.5。pH可以通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术来测定。
本文公开的药物组合物也可以联合治疗施用,即与其他药剂联合施用。例如,联合疗法可以包括与至少一种抗病毒剂、抗炎剂或另一种抗增殖剂组合的本公开的ADC。可以在联合疗法中使用的治疗剂的实例在以下关于本公开的ADC的用途的部分中更详细地描述。
如本文所用,“药学上可接受的载体”包括生理上相容的任何和所有溶剂、分散介质、包衣、抗菌剂和抗真菌剂、等渗剂和吸收延迟剂等。该载体应适合于静脉内、肌内、皮下、肠胃外、脊柱或表皮施用(例如通过注射或输注)。在一个实施方案中,载体应适合于皮下途径。取决于施用途径,可以用某种材料包衣活性化合物(即ADC),以保护该化合物免受酸和可能使该化合物失活的其他自然条件的作用。无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水是药学上可接受的载体一个实例。其他合适的载体是本领域技术人员众所周知的。(参见例如Gennaro(ed.),Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences(Mack Publishing Company,19th ed.1995))。制剂可进一步包括一种或多种赋形剂、防腐剂、增溶剂、缓冲剂、白蛋白以防止蛋白质在小瓶表面损失……。
药物组合物的形式、施用途径、剂量和方案自然取决于待治疗的病症、疾病的严重程度、患者的年龄、体重和性别……。
可以将本公开的药物组合物配制成用于局部、口服、肠胃外、腹膜内、鼻内、静脉内、肌内、皮下或眼内施用等,优选腹膜内或静脉内施用。
优选地,药物组合物含有赋形剂,其对于能够被注射的制剂是药学上可接受的。特别地,这些可以是等渗的无菌盐溶液(磷酸一钠或磷酸二钠、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化钙或氯化镁等,或此类盐的混合物),或干燥的,尤其是冷冻干燥的组合物,其根据情况通过添加无菌水或生理盐水,以构建注射液。
用于施用的剂量可以根据各种参数,特别是根据所使用的施用方式、相关病理学或所需的治疗持续时间进行调节。
为了制备药物组合物,可以将有效量的ADC溶解或分散在药学上可接受的载体或水性介质中。
适用于注射用途的药物形式包括无菌水溶液或分散体;配方包括麻油、花生油或丙二醇水溶液;以及用于临时制备无菌注射液或分散体的无菌粉剂或冻干剂。在所有情况下,该形式必须是无菌的,并且必须具有一定程度的流动性,以达到容易注射的程度。它必须在生产和储存条件下稳定,并且必须保存以防微生物(诸如细菌和真菌)的污染。
作为游离碱的活性化合物或药学上可接受的盐的溶液可以在水中适当地与表面活性剂(诸如羟丙基纤维素)混合而制备。分散体也可以在甘油、液体聚乙二醇及其混合物和油中制备。在常规的储存和使用条件下,这些制剂含有防腐剂以防止微生物的生长。
可以将本公开的ADC配制成中性或盐形式的组合物。药学上可接受的盐包括酸加成盐(与蛋白质的游离氨基形成),且其与无机酸(例如盐酸或磷酸)或有机酸(诸如乙酸、草酸、酒石酸、扁桃酸等)形成。与游离羧基形成的盐也可以衍生自无机碱,例如钠、钾、铵、钙或铁的氢氧化物,以及有机碱,如异丙胺、三甲胺、组氨酸、普鲁卡因等。
例如,载体也可以是溶剂或分散介质,该溶剂或分散介质含有水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇和液体聚乙二醇等)、其合适的混合物和植物油。例如,可以通过使用包衣(诸如卵磷脂),在分散体的情况下通过维持所需的粒径以及通过使用表面活性剂来维持适当的流动性。可以通过各种抗菌剂和抗真菌剂来预防微生物的作用,例如对羟基苯甲酸酯、氯丁醇、苯酚、山梨酸、硫柳汞等。在许多情况下,优选包括等渗剂,例如糖或氯化钠。通过在组合物中使用延迟吸收的试剂(例如单硬脂酸铝和明胶),可以使可注射组合物的吸收延长。
通过将所需量的活性化合物与所需的上述各种其他成分掺入适当的溶剂中,然后过滤灭菌,从而制备无菌注射溶液。通常,通过将各种灭菌的活性成分掺入无菌赋形剂中来制备分散体,所述无菌赋形剂含有碱性分散介质和来自以上列举的那些的所需的其他成分。就用于制备无菌可注射溶液的无菌粉末而言,优选的制备方法是真空干燥和冷冻干燥技术,其从其先前的无菌过滤溶液中产生活性成分和任何其他所需成分的粉末。
还预期制备更多或高度浓缩的溶液用于直接注射,其中设想使用DMSO作为溶剂导致极快的渗透,从而将高浓度的活性剂递送至小的肿瘤区域。
配制后,将以与剂量制剂相容的方式和治疗有效量施用溶液。该制剂易于以多种剂型施用,诸如上述可注射溶液的类型,但是也可以采用药物释放胶囊等。
例如,对于在水溶液中的肠胃外给药,如果需要,应当适当地缓冲溶液,并且首先用足够的盐水或葡萄糖使液体稀释剂等渗。这些特定的水溶液特别适合于静脉内、肌内、皮下和腹膜内给药。就此而言,根据本公开,本领域技术人员将知道可以使用的无菌水性介质。例如,一个剂量可以溶解在1ml等渗NaCl溶液中,或者添加到1000ml皮下注射液中,或者在建议的输注部点注射(例如,参见"Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences"15thEdition,pages 1035-1038and1570-1580)。剂量的某些变化将必然取决于待治疗受试者的病症。在任何情况下,负责施用的人员均应确定适合个体受试者的剂量。
可以将本公开的ADC配制在治疗性混合物中,以每剂量包含约0.0001至1.0毫克,或约0.001至0.1毫克,或约0.1至1.0或甚至1.0至约10毫克。也可以施用多次剂量。
除了配制用于肠胃外给药(诸如静脉内或肌内注射)的化合物外,其他药学上可接受的形式包括例如口服施用的片剂或其他固体;定时释放胶囊;以及当前使用的任何其他形式。
在某些实施方案中,可以考虑使用脂质体和/或纳米颗粒。脂质体和/或纳米颗粒的形成和使用是本领域技术人员已知的。
纳米胶囊通常可以稳定且可再现的方式截留化合物。为了避免由于细胞内聚合物超载引起的副作用,通常使用能够在体内降解的聚合物来设计这种超细颗粒(尺寸约为0.1μm)。满足这些要求的可生物降解的聚烷基-氰基丙烯酸酯纳米颗粒被考虑用于本公开中,并且该颗粒可以容易地制备。
脂质体由分散在水性介质中的磷脂形成,并自发形成多层同心双层囊泡(也称为多层囊泡(MLV))。MLV的直径通常为25nm至4μm。MLV的超声处理导致形成直径在200至范围内的小单层囊泡(SUV),其在核中含有水溶液。脂质体的物理特性取决于pH、离子强度和二价阳离子的存在。
本公开的ADC的用途和方法
本公开的ADC具有体外和体内诊断和治疗用途。例如,可以将这些分子施用于培养中的细胞,例如体外或体内,或在受试者中,例如在体内,以治疗、预防或诊断各种疾病。
本公开的ADC不仅可以抑制细胞增殖,而且可以诱导高度增殖的细胞(诸如活化的T细胞)的凋亡。
本文预期使用本公开的ADC作为药物,特别是用于治疗、预防或诊断细胞增生性疾病,诸如表达高水平TfR的肿瘤,更具体地,血液肿瘤(诸如淋巴瘤),并且特别是ATL、MCL、霍奇金病、大B细胞淋巴瘤、外周T细胞淋巴瘤,急性白血病(淀粉样和淋巴样)以及实体瘤(诸如肾癌、肺癌(小细胞)、乳腺癌)……
还公开了用于治疗实体瘤的本公开的ADC。
用于如上公开的用途的ADC可以作为单独的活性成分或例如作为佐剂与其它药物(抗病毒药、抗炎药或细胞毒性药、抗增殖药、化疗药或抗肿瘤药)结合或联合施用,以例如用于治疗或预防上述疾病。例如,用于如上公开的用途的ADC可以与AZT、IFN-α、抗CD20mAb、抗CD25mAb、抗PD1mAb、抗PDL-1mAb、化学治疗剂组合使用。合适的抗肿瘤剂可包括但不限于烷基化剂(诸如环磷酰胺、甲氯胺酮、苯丁酸氮芥、美法仑、硝基脲、替莫唑胺)、蒽环类(诸如柔红霉素、阿霉素、表柔比星、伊达比星、米托蒽醌、戊柔比星)、紫杉烷类(诸如紫杉醇、多西他赛)、埃博霉素、拓扑异构酶I抑制剂(诸如伊立替康或托泊替康)、拓扑异构酶II抑制剂(诸如依托泊苷、替尼泊苷或他氟泊苷)、核苷酸类似物和前体类似物(诸如阿扎胞苷、硫唑嘌呤、卡培他滨、阿糖胞苷、氟尿嘧啶、吉西他滨、羟基脲、巯基嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤或噻鸟嘌呤)、肽类抗生素(诸如卡铂、顺铂和奥沙利铂)、维甲类(诸如维甲酸、铝维甲酸、贝沙罗汀)、长春花生物碱及其衍生物(如长春碱、长春新碱、长春地辛、长春瑞滨)、靶向治疗剂(诸如激酶抑制剂(诸如依鲁替尼、依达拉西布、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、伊马替尼、维拉非尼、维莫德吉)、蛋白酶体抑制剂(诸如硼替佐米、卡非佐米)、组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂(诸如伏立诺他或罗米地辛)。
根据前述内容,本公开在又另一方面提供了一种方法,该方法包括施用治疗有效量的本公开的ADC。
根据前述内容,本公开在又另一方面提供了一种方法,该方法包括共同施用(例如同时或依次)治疗有效量的本公开的ADC和至少一种第二药物,所述第二药物是抗病毒剂或抗增殖剂,例如如上所述的那些。
由本公开的组合物(例如,包含ADC)和使用说明书组成的试剂盒也在本公开的范围内。试剂盒可进一步包含至少一种另外的试剂,或一种或多种另外的抗体或蛋白质(例如,具有与靶抗原上不同于第一抗体的表位结合的互补活性的抗体)。试剂盒典型地包括标明试剂盒内容物预期用途的标签。术语标签包括随试剂盒提供或随试剂盒附带的任何文字或记录材料。试剂盒可进一步包括用于诊断患者是否属于将对ADC治疗产生反应的组的工具,如上文所定义。
制备本公开的ADC的方法
可以通过本领域已知的任何技术通过接头L-Z-X将本公开的抗体与至少一种药物缀合。例如,该技术描述于美国专利7,811,572;7,368,565;US 2011/0003969;US 2011/0166319;US 2012/0253021和US 2012/0259100中。有关将治疗剂与抗体缀合的方法的更多信息,另请参见综述了抗体药物缀合物的Panowksi S et al.2014Jan 1;6(1):34-45。
在一个实施方案中,获得本公开的ADC的方法包括以下步骤:
-在适于表达编码如上文定义的抗体的核酸的条件下培养宿主细胞,
-分离所述抗体,
-合成与式(V)的接头L-Z-X键合的单甲基澳瑞他汀E,
-使所述抗体与与式(V)的接头L-Z-X键合的单甲基澳瑞他汀E缀合。
可以如上所解释获得抗体。抗体含有四个链间二硫键,其可用作潜在的缀合位点。四个链间二硫键可以例如通过三(2-羧乙基)膦(TCEP)或二硫苏糖醇(DTT)还原,得到八个可用于缀合的巯基。
接头L可以如PCT/EP2014/064387中公开的获得。接头X可以如WO 03/026577或WO2004/010957中公开的获得。接头Z也是知道如何获得它的本领域技术人员所众所周知的。
现在通过以下实施例进一步说明已经充分描述的本发明,这些实施例仅是说明性的,并不意味着进一步的限制。
具体实施方式
实施例1:比较A24和INA01-SDV1在造血细胞系上的结合
对两种生物素化抗体(抗体A24和ADC INA01-SDV1抗体)进行系列稀释(5-0.05ug/mL),并在THP-1和MEC-1细胞系上孵育。使用链霉亲和素Alexa F488(可从ThermoFisherscience获得)通过流式细胞术检测稀释的抗体的结合。
A24和INA01-SDV1均对CD71+细胞系显示相同的亲和力(图2A和2B)。
实施例2:细胞凋亡
用人CD71转染CHO细胞,并通过FACS选择克隆。在37℃的完全培养基中,将天然CHO细胞(对人CD71阴性)和hCD71阳性细胞与几种浓度的INA01-SDV#1一起孵育96小时。在第4天,将细胞与膜联蛋白V和Topro 3一起孵育。通过FACS确定凋亡细胞为双阳性膜联蛋白V/Topro 3细胞。
结果显示在图3A和3B上。条形表示凋亡细胞的百分比。
实施例3:INA01-SDV#1在多种细胞系上的体外功效
根据制造商方案,通过使用Promega的用细胞活力测定法来测量细胞增殖的抑制。简而言之,将细胞铺板在48孔板中,并在存在或不存在浓度递增的INA01-SDV1(从0-20μg/ml)的情况下孵育96小时。
结果显示在图4A和4B上。在Ramos和THP-1细胞系中细胞活力均削弱。
实施例4:INA01-SDV1的体内功效
为了评估INA01-SDV#1的体内功效,向裸鼠皮下注射5x106个THP-1细胞。当肿瘤达到100mm3时,以治愈模式向小鼠腹膜内注射5mg/kg、0.5mg/kg或PBS。每天监测肿瘤的生长,当肿瘤达到1000mm3时处死小鼠。
图5的数据表示单次注射INA01-SDV#1后几天内小鼠的存活率。
实施例5:毒理学分析
在野生型B6(WT)小鼠和CD71/转铁蛋白双敲除小鼠(TfR/Tf2Ki)中评估了INA01-SDV#1的毒理学分析。以3mg/kg每4天给小鼠腹膜内注射5次INA3-SDV#1,并在最后一次注射后两天处死小鼠。
图6表示WT(图6A)和TfR/Tf 2Ki小鼠(图6B)的宏观器官分析。下表7表示图6A和6B所示的每个器官的独立病理分析。
表7:图6A和6B中所示的每个器官的独立病理分析
实施例6:制剂
比较了4种不同的制剂。制剂1和2以及制剂3和4的区别仅在于它们的pH值。制剂含有ADC、20mM组氨酸或20mM柠檬酸盐、6%蔗糖(对于100mL缓冲液为6g)和0.02%聚山梨酯80。
制剂1含有根据本公开的ADC,特别是INA01,和组氨酸,该制剂的pH为5.5。制剂2含有根据本发明的ADC,特别是INA01,和组氨酸,该制剂的pH为6.5。制剂3含有根据本发明的ADC,特别是INA01,和柠檬酸盐,该制剂的pH为5.5。制剂4含有根据本发明的ADC,特别是INA01,和柠檬酸盐,该制剂的pH为6.5。
结果描述于下表8中。它们表示在T=0周和T=2周(在5℃/40℃下储存)和T=4周(在5℃/25℃下储存)的情况下的制剂1-4的DAR(药物抗体比率)值。在40℃下,除制剂2外,测得DAR值总体下降。与制剂1、3和4相比,这些结果表明制剂2是稳定的。
表8:4种制剂的比较
实施例7:IC50的测定
在37℃下将HL-60急性骨髓性白血病细胞系(即表达CD71的细胞)与0.02-10ug/mL的10种浓度的INA01-SDV#1一起孵育。ADC对细胞增殖的影响如图7所示。拟合曲线用于计算IC50。因此,INA01-SDV#1的IC50计算值为0.08ug/mL。
实施例8:TNF-α的分泌
为了评估INA01-SDV#1是否可以诱导患者的细胞因子释放综合征(CRS),测试了外周血单核细胞(PBMC)分泌的TNF-α。在将PBMC与INA01-SDV#1在表示不同浓度的ADC的三种不同条件下孵育后,测试了TNF-α的产生:高度包衣(风干)、较低包衣(湿包衣)或在溶液中(水性)。
材料与方法
通过Ficoll分离PBMC,并如先前报道的几种活化步骤所报道的那样,将其悬浮在具有0.1、1或10μg/ml的风干、湿包衣或水性的INA01-SDV#1的培养基中(Findlay L etal.J.Immunol.Meth 2008;Stebbings R et al.J.Immunol.2007)。在37℃下孵育24小时后,通过酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)评估TNF-α。使用DuoSet ELISA Development试剂盒,其含有夹心ELISA开发所需的基本成分以测量天然和重组人TNF-α。
INA01-SDV#1包衣
通过三种不同的方案将INA01-SDV#1提供给PBMC:风干、湿包衣或水性。
-风干:以50ul的5倍工作浓度添加INA01-SDV#1(终浓度为0.1、1和10μg/ml)。将板在通风橱下放置过夜,然后洗涤两次。
-湿包衣:以200ul的5倍工作浓度添加INA01-SDV#1(终浓度为0.1、1和10μg/ml)。将孔用胶带贴紧以避免干燥,然后洗涤两次。
-水性:将PBMC和INA01-SDV#1在培养基中一起培养。
结果
结果在图8上,且表明在PBMC上的所有INA01-SDV#1孵育条件下均未释放TNF-α。但是,与1ng/ml LPS一起孵育24小时产生强烈的TNF-α释放。
实施例9:IP施用后INA01-SDV#1的体内功效
为了评估INA01-SDV#1的体内功效,向裸鼠皮下注射5x106个THP-1细胞。当肿瘤达到100mm3时,以治愈模式每4天腹膜内注射4个剂量,1mg/kg、0.5mg/kg或PBS。每天监测肿瘤的生长,当肿瘤达到1000mm3时处死小鼠。
图9的数据表示腹膜内注射INA01-SDV#1四次后小鼠的存活天数。
实施例10:IV施用后INA01-SDV#1的体内功效
为了评估INA01-SDV#1的体内功效,向裸鼠皮下注射5x106个THP-1细胞。当肿瘤达到100mm3时,以治愈模式每4天静脉注射4个剂量,3mg/kg、0.5mg/kg或PBS。每天监测肿瘤的生长,当肿瘤达到1000mm3时处死小鼠。
图10的数据表示静脉内注射INA01-SDV#1四次后小鼠的存活天数。
Claims (14)
1.式(I):Ab-L-Z-X-D的抗体-药物缀合物,其中:
-Ab是抗TfR抗体,
-L是与所述抗体键合的接头分子,所述接头分子具有式(II):
其中n是2-20的整数,
-Z是与L键合的缬氨酸-瓜氨酸的二肽,
-X是与Z键合的氨基苄基酯自消除基团,
-D是与X键合的药物,并且所述药物是单甲基澳瑞他汀E。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中X是与Z共价键合的对氨基苄基酯基,所述X具有下式(III):
J是选自F、Cl、Br、NO2、NHCOCH3、N(CH3)2、NHCOCF3、烷基和卤代烷基的任选取代基,并且m是0、1、2、3和4的整数。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中L与所述抗体的一个或多个硫醇残基共价键合,
所述L对应于式(IV)的接头分子:
4.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗体包括全长抗体或含有抗原结合部分的抗体片段。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗体特异性结合SEQID NO:16的转铁蛋白受体。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗体以10nM或更小的KD结合转铁蛋白受体。
7.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗体是单克隆抗体和/或人源化抗体。
8.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中:
-所述抗体包含人IgG4同种型恒定区,或突变或化学修饰的恒定区,其中当与具有野生型IgG1同种型恒定区的相应抗体相比时,所述突变或化学修饰的恒定区不赋予所述抗体ADCC活性或赋予所述抗体降低的ADCC活性,或
-所述抗体包含人IgG1同种型恒定区,或突变或化学修饰的恒定区,其中当与具有野生型IgG1同种型恒定区的相应抗体相比时,所述突变或化学修饰的恒定区赋予所述抗体增加的ADCC活性。
9.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,其中所述抗TfR抗体包含以下之一:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:5的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:1的HCDR1、SEQ ID NO:2的HCDR2、SEQ ID NO:3的HCDR3的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:4的LCDR1、SEQ ID NO:8的LCDR2和SEQ ID NO:6的LCDR3的可变轻链多肽;
(c)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(d)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(e)包含SEQ ID NO:11的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(f)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:13的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(g)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:14的VL的可变轻链多肽;
(h)包含SEQ ID NO:12的VH的可变重链多肽和包含SEQ ID NO:15的VL的可变轻链多肽。
10.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物在制备药物中的用途。
11.药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,与一种或多种药学上可接受的载体组合,任选地包含其他活性成分。
12.组合物,其包含根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物,所述组合物的pH为6.5,并且还包含组氨酸,以及任选地蔗糖和聚山梨酯80。
13.冻干制剂、预填充注射器或小瓶,其包含根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物。
14.获得根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的抗体-药物缀合物的方法,其中所述方法包括:
-在适于表达编码如权利要求1-10中定义的抗体的核酸的条件下培养宿主细胞,
-分离所述抗体,
-合成与单甲基澳瑞他汀E键合的式(V)的接头L-Z-X:
其中n是2-20的整数,
-使所述抗体与与单甲基澳瑞他汀E键合的式(V)的接头L-Z-X缀合。
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HUE060832T2 (hu) | 2023-04-28 |
ES2936527T3 (es) | 2023-03-17 |
TW202011997A (zh) | 2020-04-01 |
MX2020010408A (es) | 2020-10-28 |
EP3552631A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
US20210138083A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
FI3773738T3 (fi) | 2023-02-22 |
RS63918B1 (sr) | 2023-02-28 |
TWI829683B (zh) | 2024-01-21 |
BR112020020739A2 (pt) | 2021-02-02 |
EP3773738A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
PT3773738T (pt) | 2023-01-30 |
KR20210029709A (ko) | 2021-03-16 |
CA3096302A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
IL277854A (en) | 2020-11-30 |
AU2019250331A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
DK3773738T3 (da) | 2023-01-23 |
EP3773738B1 (en) | 2022-10-26 |
SI3773738T1 (sl) | 2023-03-31 |
CN112153987A (zh) | 2020-12-29 |
LT3773738T (lt) | 2023-02-10 |
HRP20230027T1 (hr) | 2023-03-03 |
JP7284187B2 (ja) | 2023-05-30 |
PL3773738T3 (pl) | 2023-03-27 |
JP2021521181A (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
WO2019197428A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
IL277854B1 (en) | 2024-09-01 |
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