CN112056541B - 一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112056541B CN112056541B CN202010790338.7A CN202010790338A CN112056541B CN 112056541 B CN112056541 B CN 112056541B CN 202010790338 A CN202010790338 A CN 202010790338A CN 112056541 B CN112056541 B CN 112056541B
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法,属于食品调味品加工技术领域。本发明的组分及重量分数如下:辣根香茅混合发酵底物60‑80份,香茅提取液6‑10份,植物油5‑8份,山梨糖醇6‑10份,小麦淀粉4‑8份,食盐1‑2份,单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3‑0.4份,羧甲基纤维素钠0.3‑0.6份,黄原胶0.1‑0.2份。本发明采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥新鲜辣根,采用低温球磨技术将辣根与香茅粉充分混合,采用酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌混合发酵提高营养物质的生物利用度,增加抗氧化活性。发酵后形成的独特风味与香茅风味具有协同作用,形成了独特的风味和口感。添加的香茅提取液中含有抗坏血酸、多酚类化合物等营养物质,能够一定程度上起到抗氧化和稳定异硫氰酸烯丙酯的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法,属于调味品加工技术领域。
背景技术
芥辣酱是现代人尤其是年轻人喜欢的一种调味酱,具有辛辣芳香的气味并且对味蕾有强烈刺激。芥辣酱具有杀菌抑菌的功效,因此常用来作为生食海鲜和凉拌菜的调料。芥辣酱通常以山葵或辣根为原料,但两者却是截然不同的两种植物。山葵属十字花科山萮菜属,日本料理中通常将新鲜山葵洗净后,用鲨鱼皮磨成泥状直接食用,味道比较柔和细腻,回味甘甜。但是山葵的生长环境对温度、湿度和土壤要求比较严格,成本较高且不易储存,因此通常采用更加低成本的辣根作为替代。辣根,又叫马萝卜,根部肉质粗壮,风味与山葵相似,对贮藏环境要求低。辣根做成的芥辣酱原本为淡黄色,商家通常用色素将其染成绿色。
芥辣酱的主要成分是异硫氰酸酯,这是辣根冲味的主要来源。其在加工过程中产生的方式是,黑芥子酶从破碎的细胞中释放,在有水的环境中将细胞中的硫代葡糖苷水解,产生异硫氰酸酯。异硫氰酸酯具有高度的生物学活性,具有杀菌、抑菌和消灭消化道中寄生虫的作用,还能够增加食欲和促进血液循环,预防蛀牙和癌症。
近年来,东南亚独树一帜的美食受到了许多消费者的欢迎。由于大部分地区地处热带,东南亚各国盛产丰富的植物香料。个性浓烈的香茅、清新香甜的香兰叶、辣中带甜的南姜,还有调味去腥的柠檬叶等等。这些独特的香料单独使用或排列组合,使它们成为东南亚风味的灵魂。本发明从东南亚香料中吸取灵感,通过添加香茅赋予芥辣酱新的风味。另外,近年来现代调味品市场对天然原料的需求不断增长,人们偏向于更加天然和功能性强的食品。香料被认为是天然调味剂和防腐剂,可以保护食品成分免受变质。香茅是禾本科香茅属多年生草本植物,全株具浓郁的柠檬香味,有奇特芳香和强力的杀菌效果,是一种重要的草本芳香植物。香茅提取液中含有的香茅醛和香叶醇被证实具有广谱抑菌性,能抑制体表寄生虫和一些致病菌。香茅除了具有浓烈的香味,还含有大量的精油、多酚类化合物等,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、降血压血脂和杀虫等作用。在芥辣酱中添加香茅成分,能够赋予芥辣酱清爽的柠檬香和更加丰富口感,满足市场对天然和活性成分强的食品的追求。
发酵食品利用乳酸菌、酵母菌和霉菌等微生物的作用,提高食品的风味和营养价值,改善食品的质地。发酵食品在东亚和东南亚地区有着悠久的历史和多样的种类,广泛应用于佐餐与调味,酱油、腐乳、纳豆、泡菜等是常见的发酵食品。发酵食品不仅具有独特的风味和优良品质,而且还在微生物和酶的作用下产生抗氧化活性物质、生物活性肽、多糖等功能因子,具有较高的营养保健价值。酿酒酵母常用于制作面包、馒头及酿酒,发酵能力强,能够分解糖类产生高级醇、醛和酯等风味物质。植物乳杆菌可利用碳水化合物产生有机酸,并将多肽降解为小肽和游离氨基酸,最终产生各种挥发性和非挥发性成分,赋予产品独特的风味和口感。二者在发酵过程中所产生的代谢物能够被彼此利用,具有互补的关系。目前市场上尚没有香茅风味及发酵型芥辣酱产品。
市场上现有的芥辣酱主要存在的问题包括:口味单一,受众范围小;加工过程水解度低;成品芥辣酱中风味易损失、易变色等。
史晓强(专利申请号:201510978636.8)提供了一种海鲜芥末酱的制备方法,通过添加鱿鱼、海蟹、牡蛎、海螺、海带等,使芥辣酱具有特色的海鲜口味,增加了芥辣酱的营养。但该发明中添加了芥末精油来提高芥辣酱的辛辣风味,辣根本身的异硫氰酸酯没有充分释放出来。本发明采用了新型联合干燥技术,减少了干燥过程中酶的损失,使异硫氰酸酯尽最大可能释放,且添加的香料提取液能够稳定异硫氰酸酯,无需添加芥末精油就能保持辣根本身的风味。
林平涛等人(专利申请号:201610816352.3)提供了一种呛劲青芥辣及其制作方法,研发出利用山茶油渣提取物的抗氧化性质,使青芥辣产品大大提高了保色抗氧作用,保质期为18个月。本产品添加香茅提取液的原理与之类似,添加提取液不仅能起到抗氧化和稳定异硫氰酸烯丙酯的作用,还能够赋予芥辣酱清爽的柠檬香和更加丰富口感。并且,添加香茅提取液能够在一定程度上起到保护芥辣酱的风味和提高抗氧化活性的作用。
何群(专利申请号:201410209397.5)提供了一种蛋香芥末酱及其制备方法,添加了驴肉,风味独特;同时添加了鸡蛋及多种蔬菜,显著提升了营养价值;此外,在加工过程中添加了多种中草药,经常食用可达到补脾益气、强筋键骨、清热解毒的功效。但该发明加工方法太过复杂,且添加辅料过多,大大增加了加工成本,本发明所添加的香茅提取液,采用乙醇超声辅助提取,制备方法简单,且原料价格便宜,能够赋予芥辣酱清爽的香茅味。同时,采用低温球磨技术将辣根与香茅粉充分混合后进行发酵,发酵后形成的独特风味与香茅风味具有协同作用,形成了独特的风味和口感。
高素芳(专利申请号:201711033742.4)发明了一种芥末酱及其加工方法,通过在芥末酱中加入芝麻酱,不仅能够缓解芥末的辛辣口味,而且芝麻酱具有补中益气、止心惊、润五脏的功效,增加了营养价值;原料中的罗勒粉能够使芥末酱具有芳香气味;鱼子酱中所含的脂肪酸能够有效的滋润皮肤,有使皮肤细腻、光洁的作用。但该发明加工方法太过简单,未能充分保留芥辣酱中的异硫氰酸酯。本发明通过采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥来干燥新鲜辣根,能够最大程度的保护辣根中的营养物质,使辣根中的硫代葡糖苷被黑芥子酶充分水解为异硫氰酸酯。
谢红岩(专利申请号:201510550299.2)发明了一种山葵与辣根结合的青芥辣制作方法,使用新鲜山葵与干燥辣根制作芥辣酱,改善了辣根膏辣冲中带着柔和的口感,增加了辣根膏的回味,丰富了辣根膏的营养成分。但新鲜山葵研磨的酱需要冷藏且贮藏期较短,增加了芥辣酱的生产成本。本发明采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥得到辣根粉,不仅能够保存较长时间,减少原料的贮藏成本,更能充分保留芥辣酱中的异硫氰酸酯。
张慜等人(专利申请号:201810993517.3)提供了一种风味稳定的低辣根青芥辣配方及其制作方法。该发明首先对原料进行脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥、低温超微粉碎。通过加入多聚磷酸钠螯合重金属起缓冲作用,加入植物油延缓氧化,添加山梨糖醇降低芥末酱的水分活度加入面筋蛋白稳定水解产生的异硫氰酸酯以达到稳定风味,延长保存期的目的。本发明在一次干燥阶段使用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥,然后再使用微波真空干燥继续干燥,不仅能保护辣根中的黑芥子酶,使芥辣酱水解得到更多的异硫氰酸酯,且能大大缩短干燥时间,减少能源消耗。
朱俊雅等人(专利申请号:201811433532.9)公布了一种樱花风味青芥辣及其生产工艺,使用特制茶粉和樱花提取物生产樱花风味青芥辣,能够省略制备过程中的护色步骤而减少变色、提高山葵中的异硫氰酸酯的留存度,同时赋予青芥辣清甜的樱花风味。但该发明所使用的的山葵片和辣根片未注明干燥方法。本发明所使用的辣根粉由脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥所得,能够最大程度的保护辣根中的营养物质,提高黑芥子酶的存活率,使辣根中的硫代葡糖苷被黑芥子酶充分水解为异硫氰酸酯,获得风味浓郁的高质量芥辣酱。
张慜等人(专利申请号:201210087342.2)提供了一种替代添加芥子油制备风味醇厚芥辣酱的方法。该发明对辣根的粉碎工艺进行改进,改进为进行气流超微粉碎,同时通过实验得出影响黑芥子酶活性的因素主要是温度、时间、pH值以及抗坏血酸添加量,根据实验得出的数据整理后得出的四因素的最佳匹配值。但该发明生产的芥辣酱风味较单一,不利于扩大消费者范围,本发明通过制备辣根香茅混合物并进行发酵,及添加香茅提取液,赋予芥辣酱独特的风味和更加丰富口感。
丁绍东等人(2016)以辣根为原料,研究了发制温度、发制时间、和pH对青芥辣产品异硫氰酸烯丙酯和色泽的影响,并采用正交试验优化青芥辣产品的加工工艺。最终得出较优的青芥辣生产工艺为发制温度30℃、发制时间2h、pH3.5,该工艺条件下制得的青芥辣产品具有较好的色泽与风味。但是该研究仅通过在加工过程中控制发制条件来保护芥辣酱中的异硫氰酸烯丙酯和色泽,本发明在辣根原料干燥时就选择了能够保护辣根营养物质的干燥方法,从而提高了辣根的水解度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法,最大程度地保护辣根中的营养物质,发酵后形成的独特风味与香茅风味具有协同作用,形成了独特的风味和口感。
本发明的技术方案:
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱制备方法配方,按重量计,其组分及重量分数如下:辣根香茅混合发酵底物60-80份,香茅提取液6-10份,植物油5-8份,山梨糖醇6-10份,小麦淀粉4-8份,食盐1-2份,单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3-0.4份,羧甲基纤维素钠0.3-0.6份,黄原胶0.1-0.2份。
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱的制备方法,采用上述的富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方,主要制作步骤如下:
(1)将新鲜辣根和香茅清洗切片,分别进行干燥;
(2)将所得干燥的辣根和香茅分别用中药粉碎机预粉碎,粉碎粒度为60目;
(3)采用低温球磨粉碎机将辣根和香茅粗粉按照5:1的比例加入球磨粉碎机进行超微粉碎得辣根香茅超微混合物;
(4)将辣根香茅超微混合物与水按照1:2.5的比例混合,酶解,得辣根香茅超微混合物底物;
(5)将辣根香茅超微混合物底物在90℃灭酶10min,加入5%白砂糖;
(6)将步骤(5)所得的灭酶后的辣根香茅超微混合物底物接种酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌,28℃密封发酵2天,得辣根香茅混合发酵底物;
(7)将食用盐、单硬脂酸甘油酯、植物油、山梨糖醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶、水和香茅提取液混合,置于40℃水浴锅混合均匀,制成混合液备用;
(8)在混合液中加入小麦淀粉和辣根香茅混合发酵底物,用高压均质机均质压力为50MPa,均质20min得半成品;
(9)将步骤(8)所得的半成品灌装,水解,杀菌,得成品芥辣酱。
步骤(1)中辣根首先采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥,待一次干燥阶段完成后,使用微波真空干燥机继续干燥至水分含量低于4%(w.b);脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥的具体参数为:冷肼温度-40℃,干燥室压力为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g,每20min喷入干燥室0.2s氮气;微波真空干燥的具体参数为:微波频率为2450MHz,干燥温度为50℃,真空度为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g。
步骤(1)中新鲜香茅采用热风干燥的方法进行干燥,干燥温度为50℃。
步骤(3)中辣根香茅超微混合物的制备方法为:辣根和香茅粗粉样品和不锈钢ZrO2球(直径5mm)的重量比保持在1:3,用冷水循环在0℃下研磨30min,球磨后,得到辣根香茅超微混合物。
步骤(4)中酶解过程加入的酶为0.1%果胶酶和0.1%纤维素酶,酶解条件为:酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为2h。
步骤(6)中酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌的接种比例为1:1,总接种量为1%。
步骤(7)中香茅提取液制备方法为:分别取适量香茅粉,按照1:5的比例加入70%乙醇浸泡24h,浸泡的后期用40kHz、180W的超声辅助提取1h,重复两次,抽滤后将滤液用旋转蒸发仪蒸出乙醇,得到香茅乙醇提取物液。
步骤(9)中水解条件为:水解温度为60℃,水解时间为2h;杀菌条件为:杀菌温度为85℃,杀菌时间为10min。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥新鲜辣根,能够最大程度地保护辣根中的营养物质,提高黑芥子酶的存活率,使辣根中的硫代葡糖苷被黑芥子酶充分水解为异硫氰酸酯,获得风味浓郁的高质量芥辣酱。脉冲喷动解决了微波冷冻干燥不均匀的缺点,联合微波真空干燥能够在保证产品质量的同时缩短干燥时间。因此,该方法不仅能获得传统冷冻干燥质量相似的产品,且能大大缩短干燥时间,减少能源消耗。
(2)本产品采用低温球磨技术将辣根与香茅粉充分混合,有效防止了原料在研磨时营养物质被破坏。将辣根与香茅粉充分混合赋予芥辣酱特有的香茅风味和更加丰富口感。将辣根香茅超微混合粉末采用酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌混合发酵,能够利用微生物及其产生的酶分解大分子物质,不仅能够保留原有的营养价值,还能提高有机酸、多酚、多糖等生物活性成分的含量,增加抗氧化活性。另外,发酵后形成的独特风味与香茅风味具有协同作用,形成了独特的风味和口感。
(3)本产品添加的香茅提取液中含有抗坏血酸、多酚类化合物等营养物质,使其在保持辣根本身的浓郁风味的同时,能够一定程度上起到抗氧化和稳定异硫氰酸烯丙酯的作用。
(4)本产品不添加色素,区别于传统的青色芥辣酱,颜色呈现出辣根原本的黄色,更加健康且不存在变色问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备得到的货架期内富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱与对照组芥辣酱风味的比较GC-MS图谱。图1中:a)为对照组芥辣酱的GC-MS图谱。b)为本发明产品的GC-MS图谱。
图2为本发明制备得到的货架期内富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱与对照组芥辣酱的电子鼻风味雷达图。
图3为本发明制备得到的货架期内富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱与对照组芥辣酱的异硫氰酸酯保留率和DPPH清除率。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实例一:一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱制备方法,其特征在于,按重量计,其组分及重量分数如下:辣根香茅混合发酵底物65份,香茅提取液10份,植物油6.5份,山梨糖醇8.5份,小麦淀粉7份,食盐2.3份,单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3份,羧甲基纤维素钠0.3份,黄原胶0.1份。
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱制备方法,主要制作步骤如下:
(1)将新鲜辣根和香茅清洗切片,进行干燥。辣根的干燥首先采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥。待一次干燥阶段完成后,使用微波真空干燥机继续干燥至水分含量低于4%(w.b)。脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥的具体参数为:冷肼温度-40℃,干燥室压力为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g,每20min喷入干燥室0.2s氮气。微波真空干燥的具体参数为:微波频率为2450MHz,干燥温度为50℃,真空度为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g。香茅采用热风干燥的方法进行干燥,干燥温度为50℃;
(2)将所得干燥的辣根和香茅分别用中药粉碎机预粉碎,过筛,使粒度为60目;
(3)将辣根和香茅粗粉按照5:1的比例加入球磨粉碎机。样品和不锈钢ZrO2球(直径5mm)的重量比保持在1:3,用冷水循环在0℃下研磨30min。球磨后,收集辣根香茅超微混合物,包装在铝箔袋中,并在室温(25℃)下储存在干燥器中;
(4)将辣根香茅超微混合物与水按照1:2.5的比例混合,加入0.1%果胶酶和0.1%纤维素酶进行酶解。酶解条件为:酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为2h;
(5)将步骤(4)所得的酶解后的底物在90℃灭酶10min;
(6)将步骤(5)所得的灭酶后的底物中加入5%白砂糖;
(7)将酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌按照1:1的比例接种,接种量为1%,在28℃密封发酵2天,得辣根香茅混合发酵底物;
(8)将食用盐、单硬脂酸甘油酯、植物油、山梨糖醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶、水和香茅提取液混合,置于40℃水浴锅混合均匀,制成混合液备用;
(9)在混合液中加入小麦淀粉和辣根香茅混合发酵底物,用高压均质机均质20min,均质压力设置为50MPa,得半成品;
(10)将半成品灌装,水解,杀菌,得成品芥辣酱。水解温度为60℃,水解时间为2h;杀菌温度为85℃,杀菌时间为10min。
实例二:一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱配方及其制备方法
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱制备方法,其特征在于,按重量计,其组分及重量分数如下:辣根香茅混合发酵底物77份,香茅提取液6份,植物油5.5份,山梨糖醇6份,小麦淀粉3份,食盐1.5份,单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3份,羧甲基纤维素钠0.5份,黄原胶0.2份。
一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱制备方法,主要制作步骤如下:
(1)将新鲜辣根和香茅清洗切片,进行干燥。辣根的干燥首先采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥。待一次干燥阶段完成后,使用微波真空干燥机继续干燥至水分含量低于4%(w.b)。脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥的具体参数为:冷肼温度-40℃,干燥室压力为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g,每20min喷入干燥室0.2s氮气。微波真空干燥的具体参数为:微波频率为2450MHz,干燥温度为50℃,真空度为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g。香茅采用热风干燥的方法进行干燥,干燥温度为50℃;
(2)将所得干燥的辣根和香茅分别用中药粉碎机预粉碎,过筛,使粒度为60目;
(3)将辣根和香茅粗粉按照5:1的比例加入球磨粉碎机。样品和不锈钢ZrO2球(直径5mm)的重量比保持在1:3,用冷水循环在0℃下研磨30min。球磨后,收集辣根香茅超微混合物,包装在铝箔袋中,并在室温(25℃)下储存在干燥器中;
(4)将辣根香茅超微混合物与水按照1:2.5的比例混合,加入0.1%果胶酶和0.1%纤维素酶进行酶解。酶解条件为:酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为2h;
(5)将步骤(4)所得的酶解后的底物在90℃灭酶10min;
(6)将步骤(5)所得的灭酶后的辣根香茅超微混合物底物中加入5%白砂糖;
(7)将酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌按照1:1的比例接种,接种量为1%,在28℃密封发酵2天,得辣根香茅混合发酵底物;
(8)将食用盐、单硬脂酸甘油酯、植物油、山梨糖醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶、水和香茅提取液混合,置于40℃水浴锅混合均匀,制成混合液备用;
(9)在混合液中加入小麦淀粉和辣根香茅混合发酵底物,用高压均质机均质20min,均质压力设置为50MPa,得半成品;
(10)将半成品灌装,水解,杀菌,得成品芥辣酱。水解温度为60℃,水解时间为2h;杀菌温度为85℃,杀菌时间为10min。
实例三:辣根不同干燥方式的比较
下表1为不同干燥方式的时间及能耗和辣根挥发性风味物质中异硫氰酸酯的百分含量。表1中:HAD为热风干燥,FD为冷冻干燥,PSMFD+MVD为脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥。
表1不同干燥方式的时间及能耗和辣根挥发性风味物质中异硫氰酸酯百分含量
如表1所示,脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥的干燥时间明显短于热风干燥和冷冻干燥。与冷冻干燥的能耗相比,能耗降低了35.20%。异硫氰酸酯为辣根中最主要的挥发性风味物质,通过GC-MS测干燥辣根中该物质的百分含量。发现本产品的辣根中异硫氰酸酯的含量与冷冻干燥辣根类似,并且明显高于热风干燥辣根。脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥的低温、真空、快速的干燥特点,减少了异硫氰酸酯在干燥过程中的破坏。
实例四:本发明制备得到的货架期内富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱与对照组芥辣酱的风味检测、异硫氰酸酯保留率和DPPH清除率
将脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥联合微波真空干燥得到的干燥辣根按照本发明的方法制备成富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱。热风干燥得到的干燥辣根按照传统方法制备成传统芥辣酱,作为对照组。图1为两种芥辣酱的GC-MS图谱。从GC-MS的结果可知对照组的挥发性风味物质有80种,本发明共有135种,比对照组多了55种,其中醛类、酯类、烃类和醇类物质的种类增加,说明本发明形成了新的风味,这与香茅的添加及微生物的发酵直接相关。电子鼻能够敏感地感知风味的变化。如图2可知本产品的风味发生较大变化,S1,S5,S6,S7,S9,S10,S12,S13传感器的响应值均得到明显增加。不同传感器分别检测不同的风味:S1-芳香成分;S5-萜类、酯类;S6-烷烃类;S7-烃类;S9-脂肪烃,芳香化合物;S10-碳氢化合物;S13-烯烃,芳香化合物。电子鼻结果与GC-MS分析结果一致。将芥辣酱置于室温下放置10天,分别测第0天和第10天的异硫氰酸酯含量,得到其保留率。结果表明,本发明的异硫氰酸酯保留率为82.48%,显著高于对照组(71.20%)。图3可知,本发明的DPPH清除率比对照组高18.47%,说明本发明具有较高的抗氧化活性。
Claims (1)
1.一种富含香茅风味的发酵型芥辣酱的制备方法,其特征在于,主要制作步骤如下:
(1)将新鲜辣根和香茅清洗切片,分别进行干燥;所述辣根首先采用脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥,待一次干燥阶段完成后,使用微波真空干燥机继续干燥至水分含量低于4%,所述脉冲喷动微波冷冻干燥的具体参数为:冷肼温度-40℃,干燥室压力为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g,每20min喷入干燥室0.2s氮气;所述微波真空干燥的具体参数为:微波频率为2450MHz,干燥温度为50℃,真空度为80±5Pa,微波功率为2W/g;所述香茅采用热风干燥的方法进行干燥,干燥温度为50℃;
(2)将所得干燥的辣根和香茅分别用中药粉碎机预粉碎,粉碎粒度为60目;
(3)采用低温球磨粉碎机将辣根和香茅粗粉按照5:1的比例加入球磨粉碎机进行超微粉碎得辣根香茅超微混合物;所述辣根和香茅粗粉样品和直径为5mm的不锈钢ZrO2球的重量比保持在1:3,用冷水循环在0℃下研磨30min,得到辣根香茅超微混合物;
(4)将辣根香茅超微混合物与水按照1:2.5的比例混合,酶解,得辣根香茅超微混合物底物,所述酶为0.1%果胶酶和0.1%纤维素酶,酶解条件为:酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为2h;
(5)将辣根香茅超微混合物底物在90℃灭酶10min,加入5%白砂糖;
(6)将步骤(5)所得的灭酶后的辣根香茅超微混合物底物接种酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌,28℃密封发酵2天,得辣根香茅混合发酵底物;所述酿酒酵母和植物乳杆菌的接种比例为1:1,总接种量为1%;
(7)将食用盐1-2份、单硬脂酸甘油酯0.3-0.4份、植物油5-8份、山梨糖醇6-10份、羧甲基纤维素钠0.3-0.6份、黄原胶0.1-0.2份、水和香茅提取液6-10份混合,置于40℃水浴锅混合均匀,制成混合液备用;所述香茅提取液制备方法为:分别取适量香茅粉,按照1:5的比例加入70%乙醇浸泡24h,浸泡的后期用40kHz、180W的超声辅助提取1h,重复两次,抽滤后将滤液用旋转蒸发仪蒸出乙醇,得到香茅提取液;
(8)在混合液中加入小麦淀粉4-8份和辣根香茅混合发酵底物60-80份,用高压均质机均质,所述均质压力为50MPa,均质20min得半成品;
(9)将步骤(8)所得的半成品灌装,水解,杀菌,得成品芥辣酱,所述水解条件为:水解温度为60℃,水解时间为2h;杀菌条件为:杀菌温度为85℃,杀菌时间为10min。
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