CN112020932A - Koelreuteria paniculata seedling growing method in cold area - Google Patents
Koelreuteria paniculata seedling growing method in cold area Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention relates to a Koelreuteria paniculata seedling raising method in cold areas, which comprises the steps of seed collection, seed stratification, germination accelerating treatment, nursery preparation, sowing, seedling management and the like. Combining with germination accelerating treatment, sequentially soaking the seeds in the ABT rooting powder solution through high-temperature hot water to accelerate the recovery of the seeds, then mixing the seeds with wet sand and airing the mixture until the seeds crack mouths, and improving the germination rate. After sowing, a shading net is covered at the budding stage to prevent the seedlings from being sunburned, monopotassium phosphate is used as an efficient phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the disease and insect pest resistance of the seedlings is improved, excessive growth is prevented, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved through scientific and reasonable seedling management. Solves the problem of seedling raising of goldenrain trees in cold areas, especially in the middle of Jilin province.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant breeding method, in particular to a method for raising seedlings of goldenrain trees in cold areas.
Background
The goldenrain tree is deciduous tree or shrub, and is Sapindaceae, goldenrain tree plant; is mainly distributed inIn the yellow river basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze river basin in China, because the northeast area is cold in winter, Liaoning is less common in the north. The crown of the goldenrain tree is beautiful, the flowers and the fruits have high ornamental value, the goldenrain tree is an excellent landscaping tree species, and the goldenrain tree is widely applied to northern China, China and eastern China; although there are goldenrain trees scattered in the southeast of the northeast, the goldenrain trees in the cold areas (the northeast and the eastern areas) have weak breeding capability, extremely low emergence rate, very slow growth vigor, weak overwintering capability of seedlings and serious freezing injury, so that the greening requirement cannot be met depending on the self-breeding capability, and therefore, the breeding capability and ecological adaptability of the goldenrain trees in the cold areas need to be improved when the goldenrain trees are bred in large quantities in the cold areas, and an effective seedling breeding method of the goldenrain trees in the cold areas needs to be developed and researched. At present, the seedling raising technology of goldenrain trees in cold areas is not reported, the seedling raising technology of goldenrain trees is mainly distributed in the northwest China and the Yangtze river basin, and the main technical problems existing in the seeding and seedling raising of goldenrain trees are as follows: seed source selection in cold regions is not reported; the goldenrain tree seed treatment mainly adopts sand storage or dry storage methods, and the seeds treated by the methods have low germination rate and large sowing amount (50-100 g/m)2) Particularly, the emergence rate of the dry storage method in the current year is lower, generally the germination is carried out in the second year, and the dry storage method is not suitable for breeding in northeast cold regions; the standard seedling management is lacked in the breeding process, and the cold-proof overwintering management technology is not available, so that the seedlings inevitably suffer from severe freezing injury in cold areas and seedling failure is caused. In order to improve the seedling emergence rate and cold resistance of goldenrain trees in the northeast cold areas, a set of goldenrain tree seedling sowing and seedling raising method in the cold areas needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for raising seedlings of goldenrain trees in cold areas to solve the technical problems, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: seed collection
Collecting fruits, collecting seeds, cleaning the seeds, removing impurities, and drying the seeds in a cool and ventilated place;
step 2: seed stratification process
(1) Digging a seed pit: digging a seed pit with the depth of 1.0-1.2m at the end of 10 months in an outdoor sunny dry place, wherein the length and the width of the pit are determined according to the quantity of seeds,
(2) seed soaking: after the seeds are snowed in winter (between 11 and 12 months), soaking the seeds in a copper sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5 percent for 2 to 3 hours, fishing out the seeds, draining the seeds, and preparing for snow storage;
(3) snow accumulation: firstly, covering clean snow with the thickness of 20-25cm at the bottom of a seed pit, then covering seeds with the thickness of 3-5cm, covering snow with the thickness of 10-12cm on each layer of seeds, and covering with soil after 3 layers of seeds are placed and covered with snow, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is about 5-10cm higher than the original ground;
and step 3: pregermination treatment
Taking out the layered seeds in last ten days of the next 4 months, soaking the seeds in hot water at 60-70 ℃ for 3-5 days, changing water three times per day, and then soaking the seeds in ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 300mg/L for 2-3 days; fishing out and draining, uniformly mixing with clean wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, airing indoors, timely spraying water for moisturizing to prevent too fast air drying, and sowing when more than 50% of seeds crack;
and 4, step 4: preparation of nursery
(1) Deeply ploughing and leveling land: selecting loam or sandy loam with flat terrain, fertile soil and good drainage as seedling culture land, deeply ploughing and preparing the land in autumn one year before sowing, and applying 20000 + 30000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare in combination with land preparation;
(2) making a bed: starting to make a bed in the middle ten days of 4 months, and applying 100-120kg of ferrous sulfate and 120kg of ferrous sulfate to each hectare for soil disinfection before making the bed; finely preparing a bed after disinfection, wherein the height of the seedbed is 10-15cm, the width of the seedbed is 1.0-1.2m, and the length of the seedbed depends on the field;
and 5: seeding
Sowing in the last ten days of 5 months, uniformly spreading the seeds in sowing ditches, covering soil with the thickness of 1-2cm, and sowing the seeds at 30-40g/m2；
Step 6: management of seedling stage
(1) An upper shading net: watering for 1 time after seeding to ensure that the seedbed is wet, starting seedling emergence after 15 days of seeding and basically leveling after 20 days; when the emergence rate reaches 50%, covering with a shading net with light transmittance of 50-60%, and removing the shading net in rainy days after 2-3 true leaves grow out;
(2) squatting: after seedling emergence, the seedlings are stabilized by small water, the watering amount can reach the root system of the seedlings, the seedlings grow 4-5 main leaves and then are squatted, the watering frequency is reduced, and water is permeated after watering for 7-10 days;
(3) thinning: thinning is carried out when the height of the seedlings reaches 10cm, the proper plant spacing is kept to be 5-7cm, thinning is well carried out on rainy days, thinning is combined, seedling filling is carried out on the lack plants, and water is watered after thinning;
(4) topdressing: in late 7 th to late 8 th, applying monopotassium phosphate for 3 times, wherein the interval is about 8-10d each time, and the dosage per hectare is 80-120 kg/time;
(5) cold-proof treatment: carrying out snow covering and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, wherein the snow covering thickness is 15-20cm higher than the seedling height, or carrying out earthing and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the early 11 months, and the earthing thickness is 5-7cm higher than the seedling height;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management in the next year: continuously enhancing the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings left in the bed in the second year of sowing, wherein the water and fertilizer management measures are the same as those in the first year, the seedling spacing is kept between 10cm and 15cm, the seedlings are taken out at the end of 10 months and put into seedling cellars for storage, or the seedlings are left in the bed for overwintering without cold-proof treatment;
and 7: and in the third year, making ridges and planting to cultivate large seedlings.
Preferably, in the seed collection process in the step 1, selecting a mother plant which has long introduction time, strong growth and no plant diseases and insect pests in a cold area for seed collection, and collecting fruits when the peel is yellow brown and the seeds are black brown in the last 10 months; timely airing or spreading for drying in the shade, knocking and threshing after the capsule is cracked, and cleaning seeds by adopting a screening method.
Preferably, in the step 2, in the snow storage process of the seed stratification treatment, if the weather is continuously cold (the temperature is lower than minus 25 ℃ for more than 7 days), snow with the thickness of 50cm is covered on the covering soil or a layer of plant straws with the thickness of 10-20cm is covered on the covering soil.
Preferably, in the germination accelerating treatment in step 3, the humidity of the sand mixed with the seeds is preferably that the sand can be held by hands to form a ball, does not produce water, and can be loosened when the sand is loosened by touching the hands.
Preferably, in the step 4 nursery preparation process, the soil turning depth of the deep ploughed land is 30 cm.
Preferably, step 5 is performed by drilling.
Preferably, in the seedling management process in the step 6, entering 8 middle-of-month, if the weather is not dry, watering is not needed, and excessive growth of seedlings is avoided;
preferably, in the 7 th to 8 th ten days, the monopotassium phosphate is applied for 3 times, the interval is 8-10d every time, and the dosage per hectare is 80-120 kg/time.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the principle of plant development plasticity, some gene expressions of plants can be stimulated by external proper environmental conditions, so that characters which are not available in the original place can be expressed under the allopatric conditions, and the plant seed plasticity is stronger. Although goldenrain trees are occasionally distributed in Jilin province, according to the theory of wind and soil domestication, Mithalalin was proposed in the middle of the last century, that is, an opponent and uniform relationship exists between organisms and environment, and the genetic plasticity of the organisms enables the Kogoldenrain trees to adapt to new environment through domestication. The young seedlings have larger genetic instability and can adapt to a new environment through domestication; jia think 21232that environmental conditions can affect the nature of plants, change the adaptability of plants and take the habit of plants as the nature in the element of zimin; the new character generated by the nursery stock can be fixed and inherited, and is continuously evolved to adapt to new environment. The goldenrain tree for collecting seeds has certain cold resistance, so the seeds of the goldenrain tree can also show certain cold resistance, but because the goldenrain tree seeds have thicker and compact seed coats, in addition, the seeds have strong dormancy characteristics after the seeds mature in autumn and quickly meet cold winter, so that the germination capacity is poor, the seeds of trees in south or the south warm area of Jilin province have less dormancy characteristics, so the dormancy characteristics of the embryos of the goldenrain trees growing in the cold area are difficult to overcome by the conventional stratification treatment, the method for the stratification treatment of the seeds provides proper stratification treatment conditions according to the characteristics according to local conditions, and as the weather is heated, the covered snow melts to provide water for the seeds during the stratification treatment, the after-ripening process of the goldenrain tree seeds is gradually completed for 5 months of stratification treatment time, the dormancy characteristic of the seeds is effectively overcome, and the germination capacity of the seeds is improved. Combining with germination accelerating treatment, sequentially soaking the seeds in the ABT rooting powder solution through high-temperature hot water to accelerate the recovery of the seeds, then mixing the seeds with wet sand and airing the mixture until the seeds crack mouths, and improving the germination rate. After sowing, a shading net is covered at the budding stage to prevent the seedlings from being sunburned, monopotassium phosphate is used as an efficient phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the disease and insect pest resistance of the seedlings is improved, excessive growth is prevented, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved through scientific and reasonable seedling management.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention scientifically solves the difficult problem of seedling raising of the goldenrain tree in cold areas, particularly in the middle of the Jilin province, by researching and developing seed selection, seed treatment and seedling maintenance technologies, the goldenrain tree seeds which are treated and cultured by the method have high germination rate, high emergence rate and strong cold-resistant overwintering capacity, can be bred and propagated in large quantities, and lays a foundation for the application of the goldenrain tree in the cold areas. The seeding rate of the related reported goldenrain tree seedlings is generally 50-100g/m2The rate of emergence is 60-70%, and the sowing quantity of said method is 30-40g/m2The rate of emergence can reach more than 90%, which has obvious economic effect in seedling production.
Detailed Description
Taking the cold seedling raising of goldenrain trees in the Changchun city as an example, the average temperature in winter in the Changchun city is-5.0 to-15.0 ℃, and the specific implementation mode is as follows:
step 1: seed collection
Selecting mother plants which have long introduction time, strong growth and no plant diseases and insect pests in cold regions for seed collection, and collecting fruits when the peel is tawny and the seeds are tawny in the last 10 months; timely airing or spreading for drying in the shade, knocking for threshing after the capsules crack, cleaning seeds by adopting a screening method to remove impurities, collecting the seeds, and then drying the seeds in a cool and ventilated place;
step 2: seed stratification process
(1) Digging a seed pit: digging a seed pit with the depth of 1.0-1.2m at the end of 10 months in an outdoor sunny dry place, wherein the length and the width of the pit are determined according to the quantity of seeds,
(2) seed soaking: taking out the seeds after snowing, soaking the seeds for 2-3h by using a copper sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5%, taking out the seeds, draining, and preparing for snow storage;
(3) snow accumulation: firstly, covering clean snow with the thickness of 20cm at the bottom of a seed pit, then covering seeds with the thickness of 3-5cm, covering snow with the thickness of 10cm on each layer of seeds, and covering with soil after 3 layers of seeds are placed and covered with snow, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 5cm higher than the original ground; if the weather is continuously cold (the temperature is lower than minus 25 ℃ for more than 7 days), snow with the thickness of 50cm or a layer of plant straw with the thickness of 10-20cm is covered on the pit.
And step 3: pregermination treatment
Completely thawing in last ten days of the next 4 months, taking out the laminated seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water at 60-70 ℃ for 3-5 days, changing water three times per day, and then soaking the seeds in ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 300mg/L for 2-3 days; fishing out and draining, uniformly mixing with clean wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, airing indoors, timely spraying water for moisturizing to prevent too fast air drying, and sowing when more than 50% of seeds crack; the moisture of the sand is preferably that the sand can be held into a ball by hand, does not produce water, and can be scattered when the sand is loose by hand.
And 4, step 4: preparation of nursery
(1) Deeply ploughing and leveling land: selecting loam or sandy loam with flat terrain, fertile soil and good drainage as seedling growing land, deeply ploughing and leveling the land in autumn one year before sowing, wherein the ploughing depth is 30cm, and applying 20000 plus materials of decomposed organic fertilizer 30000kg per hectare in combination with the leveling;
(2) making a bed: starting to make a bed in the middle ten days of 4 months, and applying 100-120kg of ferrous sulfate and 120kg of ferrous sulfate to each hectare for soil disinfection before making the bed; finely preparing a bed after disinfection, wherein the height of the seedbed is 10-15cm, the width of the seedbed is 1.0-1.2m, and the length of the seedbed depends on the field;
and 5: seeding
Sowing in last ten days of month 5, uniformly sowing seeds in sowing trenches by adopting a drilling mode, covering soil and pressing, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is 1-2cm, and the sowing quantity is 30-40g/m2；
Step 6: management of seedling stage
(1) An upper shading net: watering for 1 time after seeding to ensure that the seedbed is wet, starting seedling emergence after 15 days of seeding and basically leveling after 20 days; when the emergence rate reaches 50%, covering with a shading net with light transmittance of 50-60%, and removing the shading net in rainy days after 2-3 true leaves grow out;
(2) squatting: after seedling emergence, the seedlings are stabilized by small water, the watering amount can reach the root system of the seedlings, the seedlings grow 4-5 main leaves and then are squatted, the watering frequency is reduced, and water is permeated after watering for 7-10 days;
(3) thinning: thinning is carried out when the height of the seedlings reaches 10cm, the proper plant spacing is kept to be 5-7cm, thinning is well carried out on rainy days, thinning is combined, seedling filling is carried out on the lack plants, and water is watered after thinning;
and (4) entering 8 middle-of-month ten days, if the weather is not dry, watering is not needed, and excessive growth of nursery stocks is avoided.
(4) Topdressing: in late 7 th to late 8 th, applying monopotassium phosphate for 3 times, wherein the interval is about 10d each time, and the dosage per hectare is 80-120 kg/time;
(5) cold-proof treatment: carrying out snow covering and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, wherein the snow covering thickness is 15-20cm higher than the seedling height, or carrying out earthing and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the early 11 months, and the earthing thickness is 5-7cm higher than the seedling height;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management in the next year: continuously enhancing the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings left in the bed in the second year, wherein the water and fertilizer management measures are the same as those of the seedlings in the first year, the seedling spacing is kept between 10cm and 15cm, and the seedlings are lifted out at the end of 10 months and placed in seedling cellars for storage or left in the bed for overwintering;
and 7: and (3) performing ridge planting for large seedling cultivation in the third year, and dressing 3 times of monopotassium phosphate from late 7 to late 8 months at intervals of about 10d every time, wherein the dosage of each hectare is 80-120 kg/time.
Single factor comparative experiment:
experiments compare the influence of the combined method of snow storage, sand storage, dry storage and hot water seed soaking and ABT rooting powder seed soaking in the germination accelerating treatment process on the germination rate of goldenrain tree seeds and the growth of seedlings.
Wherein the sand storage step is as follows: 1 layer of coarse sand with the thickness of 10-20cm is paved at the bottom of the pit, the disinfected seeds are laminated in a staggered mode according to 1 layer of seeds and 1 layer of sand, the thickness of each layer is about 5cm, the seeds are paved to be about 20cm away from the ground, and soil is covered to be 5cm higher than the ground;
the dry storage step is as follows: storing the dried pure seeds in a dry environment, sterilizing the storage room, and keeping the seeds dry, ventilated, cool and low-temperature.
The steps of the embodiment of the invention are adopted for snow storage, hot water seed soaking and ABT rooting powder seed soaking, and other conditions are the same.
Comparing different seed treatment seedling single factor tests, finding out an optimal seed treatment mode, namely that the emergence rate of the snow, hot water and ABT rooting powder seed soaking is highest, the seedling growth vigor is best, and the emergence rate reaches more than 92% (see table 1); the average annual seedling size is up to 19.7cm, the seedling ground diameter is 0.58cm, the average biennial seedling size is up to 47.1cm, and the seedling ground diameter is 1.08cm, which are superior to the seedlings of other processing modes. One-way anova showed significant advantage (p <0.05) over several other treatments (see tables 2, 3). Through scientific maintenance management, the annual and biennial seedlings can safely live through the winter in the nursery.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on Germination percentage of Koelreuteria paniculata seeds
TABLE 2 sampling data of the effect of different treatments on the growth of Koelreuteria paniculata seedlings
TABLE 3 mean values of the data on the influence of different treatments on the growth of Koelreuteria paniculata seedlings
The data in the table are the results of one-way anova. The superscript different letters indicate significant differences, p <0.05, n-50
Claims (8)
1. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain trees in cold areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: seed collection
Collecting fruits, collecting seeds, cleaning the seeds, removing impurities, and drying the seeds in a cool and ventilated place;
step 2: seed stratification process
(1) Digging a seed pit: digging a seed pit with the depth of 1.0-1.2m at the end of 10 months in an outdoor sunny dry place, wherein the length and the width of the pit are determined according to the number of seeds;
(2) seed soaking: after the seeds are snowed in winter, soaking the seeds for 2 to 3 hours by using a copper sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5 percent, fishing out the seeds, draining the seeds, and preparing for snow storage;
(3) snow accumulation: firstly, covering clean snow with the thickness of 20-25cm at the bottom of a seed pit, then covering seeds with the thickness of 3-5cm, covering snow with the thickness of 10-12cm on each layer of seeds, putting 3 layers of seeds in the way, covering the seeds with the snow, and tightly covering the seeds with soil;
and step 3: pregermination treatment
Taking out the layered seeds in last ten days of the next 4 months, soaking the seeds in hot water at 60-70 ℃ for 3-5 days, changing water three times per day, and then soaking the seeds in ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 300mg/L for 2-3 days; fishing out and draining, uniformly mixing with clean wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, airing in a room, timely spraying water for moisturizing, and sowing when more than 50% of seeds crack;
and 4, step 4: preparation of nursery
(1) Deeply ploughing and leveling land: selecting loam or sandy loam with flat terrain, fertile soil and good drainage as seedling culture land, deeply ploughing and preparing the land in autumn one year before sowing, and applying 20000 + 30000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare in combination with land preparation;
(2) making a bed: starting to make a bed in the middle ten days of 4 months, and applying 100-120kg of ferrous sulfate and 120kg of ferrous sulfate to each hectare for soil disinfection before making the bed; finely preparing a bed after disinfection, wherein the height of the seedbed is 10-15cm, the width of the seedbed is 1.0-1.2m, and the length of the seedbed depends on the field;
and 5: seeding
Sowing in last ten days of month 5, uniformly spreading the seeds in sowing ditches, covering soil with thickness of 1-2cm, sowing amount of 30-40g/m2；
Step 6: management of seedling stage
(1) An upper shading net: watering for 1 time after sowing, and watering to keep the seedbed moist; when the emergence rate reaches 50%, covering with a shading net with light transmittance of 50-60%, and removing the shading net in rainy days after 2-3 true leaves grow out;
(2) squatting: after seedling emergence, the seedlings are stabilized by small water, the watering amount can reach the root system of the seedlings, the seedlings grow 4-5 main leaves and then are squatted, the watering frequency is reduced, and water is permeated after watering for 7-10 days;
(3) thinning: thinning is carried out when the height of the seedlings reaches 10cm, proper plant spacing is kept to be 5-7cm, thinning is combined, seedling is supplemented to the lacking plants, and water is watered after thinning;
(4) topdressing: in late 7 th to late 8 th, applying monopotassium phosphate for 3 times, wherein the interval is 8-10d each time, and the dosage per hectare is 80-120 kg/time;
(5) cold-proof treatment: carrying out snow covering and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, wherein the snow covering thickness is 15-20cm higher than the seedling height, or carrying out earthing and cold-proof treatment on the seedlings in the early 11 months, and the earthing thickness is 5-7cm higher than the seedling height;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management in the next year: continuously enhancing the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings left in the bed in the second year, wherein the water and fertilizer management measures are the same as those of the seedlings in the first year, the seedling spacing is kept between 10cm and 15cm, and the seedlings are lifted out at the end of 10 months and placed in seedling cellars for storage or left in the bed for overwintering;
and 7: and in the third year, making ridges and planting to cultivate large seedlings.
2. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the seed collection process of the step 1, selecting mother plants which are long in seed introduction time, strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests in cold regions for seed collection, and collecting fruits when the peel is tawny and the seeds are dark brown in the last 10 months; timely airing or spreading for drying in the shade, knocking and threshing after the capsule is cracked, and cleaning seeds by adopting a screening method.
3. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: step 2, in the process of snow accumulation of seed stratification treatment, the thickness of covering soil is 5-10cm higher than the original ground; if the weather is continuously cold, covering snow with the thickness of 50cm or covering a layer of plant straws with the thickness of 10-20cm on the covering soil.
4. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the germination accelerating treatment process in the step 3, the humidity of the sand mixed with the seeds is preferably that the sand can be held into a ball by hands, does not produce water, and can be scattered when being touched by hands.
5. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4, in the preparation process of the nursery land, the soil turning depth of deep soil turning and soil preparation is 30 cm.
6. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 5, sowing in a drill sowing mode.
7. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 6, in the seedling management process, entering 8 middle ten days of the month, and if the weather is not dry, watering is not needed, so that excessive growth of seedlings is avoided.
8. A method for raising seedlings of goldenrain in cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 7, dressing monopotassium phosphate 3 times from late 7 to late 8 with the interval of 8-10d every time, wherein the dosage of each hectare is 80-120 kg/time.
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