CN110278821A - Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques - Google Patents

Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110278821A
CN110278821A CN201910672707.XA CN201910672707A CN110278821A CN 110278821 A CN110278821 A CN 110278821A CN 201910672707 A CN201910672707 A CN 201910672707A CN 110278821 A CN110278821 A CN 110278821A
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China
Prior art keywords
seedling
seeding
cultivating techniques
parts
franchet
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CN201910672707.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周一涛
郑清
李洪山
邓丽娜
周瑞明
申玉香
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Yancheng Road Landscape Garden Engineering Co Ltd
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Yancheng Road Landscape Garden Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910672707.XA priority Critical patent/CN110278821A/en
Publication of CN110278821A publication Critical patent/CN110278821A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0291Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0293Seed or shoot receptacles

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology more particularly to Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques.The present invention provides certain reference for exploring in LX-river area Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seedling Cultivating techniques, to the cultivation and management level that improve Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet sapling.And Cultivating techniques provided by the invention, success rate are higher.Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet is as Good Indigenous Tree Species; the advantages that adaptable strong, ornamental value is high, profitable on ecology; with great Development volue, the emphasis studied from now on will be become by carrying out the standardization of LX-river area Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet sapling, scale and intensive nurturing research.In addition the present invention also provides a kind of low in cost, simple process, intensity is higher, good permeability, the degradable seedling-growing container of nutrition can be provided for nursery stock, soil buries half a year can be degradable.The degradable seedling-growing container includes Shell of Water Chestnut, rice straw, corn stover, binder, organic fertilizer.

Description

Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology more particularly to Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques.
Background technique
Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet also known as lantern tree, Sapindaceae goldenrain tree Pterostyrax deciduous tree, tree-like positive tree crown is plentiful, spring Ye Hongmao It contains, summer chrysanthemum is completely set, and autumn lantern-shaped fruit overworks end of the branch, is many city small towns ornamental and afforestation trees.Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet leaf can Anti- sulfur dioxide, dust pollution are industrial area commonly ideal tree species.Resistance to half yin of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet light, it is relatively cold-resistant, it is not resistant to water It floods, resistance to salt marsh is strong to environmental suitability, and the Huanghai Sea is faced in LX-river area east, and weather is warmer.
But Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet cultivating seedlings be primarily present growing-seedling period long, low seedling survival rate, disease during nursery at present The high problem of incidence.
China is large agricultural country, and agricultural waste material is resourceful, plant growth institute rich in these wastes Required nutritional ingredient, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element.It if offal treatment is improper, not only results in waste of resources, but also can pollute Environment, therefore be made into flowerpot and not only improve and economize on resources, and environment can be protected.
The work of afforestation project nursery at present is generally completed in greenhouse, is transplanted to Tanaka after waiting emergence and is fostered, for convenience of training It educates and transports, cultivating seedlings are generally completed in seedling-growing container, need first take out nursery stock in transfer, this process not only cumbersome consumption When, and easy damaged seedling root, cause the reduction of its survival rate.And common seedling-growing container is made of rubber, after nursery stock is taken out It is generally dropped, and will cause environmental pollution.
Therefore, new seedling-growing container is developed, and cultivates Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet using seedling-growing container, shortens the growing-seedling period of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet, Survival rate of seedling is improved simultaneously, is of great significance to the cultivation of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques.
The invention is realized in this way Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: seed collection;
Step 2: nursery selection and processing, selection soil permeability is good, topography is flat, the good sand soil of irrigation and drainage system is done Nursery soil, manure use and compound fertilizer are handled before sowing;
Step 3: seed treatment is handled 3 days with warm water, and is mixed with fine sand;
Step 4: sowing covers soil fine crushing, covers mulch;
Step 5: seedling management is shaded after emergence, and thinning waters and applies fertilizer;
Step 6: stump;
Step 7: bud picking;
Step 8: transplanting;
Step 9: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control sprays medicament or artificial control.
Further, 30-35cm, manure use and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer processing are ploughed deeply to nursery soil before sowing in step 2, Soil disinfection is mixed with Furadan or carbendazim.
Further, it is impregnated in step 3 with 50 DEG C of water temperature of water, changes water twice daily, handled 3 days.
Further, mulch is covered in step 4, removes mulch when emerging up to 65%.
Further, field planting hole 50cm square, 50cm are deep in step 8, and lower layer inserts decomposed organic fertilizer, surface soil and phosphate fertilizer Composite soil, then one layer of pure land is filled out, heavy hole of watering, then plant tree seedlings;Flood is poured after kind, then righting is earthed up, and interval is poured for one week again Water, with the watering of backsight arid situation.
Further, step 2-4 is completed in degradable seedling-growing container.
Further, the degradable seedling-growing container includes parts by weight of component: 50-100 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, rice straw 50-100 Part, 50-100 parts of corn stover, 5-10 parts of binder, 20-50 parts of organic fertilizer.
Further, the binder is converted starch.
Further, the organic fertilizer is microbial organic fertilizer.
The production method of the degradable seedling-growing container includes:
S1: taking 50-100 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, 50-100 parts of rice straw, 50-100 parts of corn stover, and being crushed to length is 2- 20mm, the AMMONIA TREATMENT 3-8h for being then 5%-20% with concentration, ammonium hydroxide recycles after the completion of processing, and drying vegetable fibers are spare;
S2: converted starch 5-10 parts is added into the plant fiber powder of above-mentioned acquisition, adds microbial organic fertilizer 20- It 50 parts, is uniformly mixed;
S3: being added suitable water for uniformly mixed raw material, can be hot-forming, and hot pressing temperature is 130 DEG C -170 DEG C, heat The pressure time is 20-40min, and demoulding is got product.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
The present invention in LX-river area Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seedling Cultivating techniques for exploring, to raising Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet sapling It cultivates and management level provides certain reference.And Cultivating techniques provided by the invention, success rate are higher.Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet is as excellent Good indigenous tree, it is adaptable strong, ornamental value is high, profitable on ecology the advantages that, there is great Development volue, in development Going to river regional Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet sapling standardization, scale and intensive nurturing research will be as the emphasis studied from now on.
The invention also discloses a kind of degradable seedling-growing containers.The degradable seedling-growing container uses Shell of Water Chestnut, rice straw, corn The agricultural wastes such as stalk are raw material, add bonding agent and organic fertilizer is prepared.Wherein binder is converted starch, organic fertilizer For microbial organic fertilizer.The seedling-growing container the preparation method comprises the following steps: plant fiber is shredded, after AMMONIA TREATMENT, certain proportion is added Binder and organic fertilizer, compression molding, obtain seedling-growing container.Seedling-growing container produced by the present invention contains necessary to plant growth Nutritional ingredient, good permeability, degradable, low in cost, simple process have certain moisture retention and nutrient preserving capability, and nursery completion can It is transplanted together with basin.
Degradable seedling-growing container produced by the present invention, using converted starch as binder, the mixture before molding is not only Good fluidity meets molding compound requirement, and its mechanical strength, water resistance for suppressing sample are also preferable.It is produced by the present invention can Degradation seedling-growing container, makees fertilizer using biological micro-organism organic fertilizer, comprehensive nutrition can not only be provided for nursery stock, also has prevention and treatment The effect of disease.Degradable seedling-growing container produced by the present invention, by the way that water chestnut case fibre is added, it is low to improve stalk fibre intensity, difficult The disadvantages of molding.Fibre strength not only can be enhanced by AMMONIA TREATMENT, improve fiber wetness, ammonium hydroxide can also be by Shell of Water Chestnut It is removed with the harmful substance on stalk surface, reduces fiber surface contact angle.It may be remained after AMMONIA TREATMENT, in stalk fibre few The ammonia of amount, these ammonia can be retained in flowerpot, provide nitrogen source for nursery stock.Ammonium hydroxide can recycle during this, can not only subtract Low cost is also beneficial to protection environment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.Described herein specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention discloses Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques, shown in each embodiment specific as follows.
Embodiment 1 is used to cultivate the degradable seedling-growing container of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet
One, 50 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, 50 parts of rice straw, 50 parts of corn stover are taken, being crushed to length is 5mm, then uses concentration For 10% AMMONIA TREATMENT 5h, ammonium hydroxide is recycled after the completion of processing, and drying vegetable fibers are spare.
Two, 5 parts of converted starch are added into the plant fiber powder of above-mentioned acquisition, adds 20 parts of microbial organic fertilizer, It is uniformly mixed.
Three, suitable water is added in uniformly mixed raw material, can be hot-forming, hot pressing temperature is 130 DEG C, hot pressing time For 20min, demoulding is got product.
Embodiment 2 is used to cultivate the degradable seedling-growing container of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet
One, 100 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, 100 parts of rice straw, 100 parts of corn stover are taken, being crushed to length is 10mm, is then used The AMMONIA TREATMENT 8h that concentration is 20%, ammonium hydroxide recycles after the completion of processing, and drying vegetable fibers are spare.
Two, 10 parts of converted starch are added into the plant fiber powder of above-mentioned acquisition, adds 50 parts of microbial organic fertilizer, It is uniformly mixed.
Three, suitable water is added in uniformly mixed raw material, can be hot-forming, hot pressing temperature is 170 DEG C, hot pressing time For 40min, demoulding is got product.
The cultivation of 3 Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet of embodiment
1. the harvesting and processing of Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seed
September is last to select tree-like stalwartness until when Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seed maturation, and tree crown is broad, trunk straight elevator at age tree The fruit of collection is placed in ventilation and dried in the shade by picking fruit, is cracked, is beaten to capsule, and kind is taken, and selects full grains without table The seed of surface damage is stored spare.
2. the selection and processing in nursery
In order to ensure Quality of Seedlings, selection soil permeability is good, topography is flat, the good sand soil of irrigation and drainage system does nursery Soil.It needs to plough deeply before sowing, depth is advisable up to 30-35cm, uses organic fertilizer 3500-4000kg/667m before ploughing deeply2And potassium sulfate Compound fertilizer 50kg/667m2, soil disinfection is mixed with Furadan or carbendazim, is sowed to spring.
3. seed treatment
Goldenrain tree tree species skin is hard, not use aged seed, can carry out vernalization processing prior to seeding.The seed for taking out storage is immersed in About 50 DEG C of water temperature, water is changed twice daily, pulls seed out after three days, mixed with 2 times of fine sands, wait until 35% or so breach of seed, Taking out seed can sow.
4. sowing
Sowing is in mid-March in spring, using wide drilling, line-spacing 25cm, application rate about 20kg/667m2Left and right, above The soil fine crushing for covering 2cm or so removes mulch up to 65% or so wait emerge upper in covering mulch.
5. seedling management
To shade after emergence, with the sunshade net of light transmittance 60%-70%, the local weather conditions of time view of shading and it is true It is fixed, it is desirable that guarantee that seedling is not advisable by sun burn.Seedling, which grows to 5cm or more, can carry out thinning, spacing 15cm, cloudy thinning Or it is assisted with shading treatment.Seedling stage suitably applies fertilizer,
In seeding stage and Seedling Stage, Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seedling is few to moisture requirement, can fill a water on a small quantity, grows to seedling vigorous It when the phase, more to water in time, and to irrigate, and watering and rainy day is combined suitably to apply fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mainly can be used, start to September Stop nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer can be applied, it is few to water, promote nursery stock lignifying.
6. stump
Because Luan Shu trunk be not easy it is long straight, First Year after autumn wouldn't lifting, the second year spring carries out stump, before transplanting slightly by root It cuts short, seedling stem is clipped after transplanting from rhizome, is watered after stump.
7. bud picking
Frequent bud picking is wanted after germination, is left behind a most strong branch and is formed trunk.
8. transplanting
Goldenrain tree Pterostyrax is in deep-rootedness tree species, and raw seedling can arrive 50cn-70cm within 1 year, and can repeatedly transplant can form good effective root System.Field planting hole 50cm square, 50cm are deep, and lower layer inserts the composite soil of decomposed organic fertilizer, surface soil and phosphate fertilizer, then fill out one layer only Soil, heavy hole of watering, then plant tree seedlings.Flood is poured after kind, then righting is earthed up, and interval rewaters for one week, with backsight arid situation Watering.It can be out of the garden when reaching 3cm or more to the autumn diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or continue to support dry feeding hat.
9. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Major Pests aphid and pink neck longicorn, jujube ceroplastes floridensis that Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet has etc. can use sprinkling imidacloprid class medicine Agent either net times of liquid of aphid lice can prevent and treat aphid, it is also possible to which artificial control's method: insect pest initial phase cuts its worm branch And burning disposal, pink neck longicorn can be effectively prevented with systemic insecticide, jujube ceroplastes floridensis with 40% flolimat 1000~ 1500 times of liquid can effectively prevent.
Major Diseases in Luan Shu nursery stock incubation: black spot and anthracnose etc..Luan Shu Seedling Stage, can be every with Bordeaux mixture Every 1 seedling of sprinkling in several days, it can effectively prevent the generation of Luan Shu disease.Disease once occurs for Luan Shu, will can directly infect nursery stock Pull out destruction.
The cultivation of 4 Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet of embodiment
The present embodiment and embodiment 3 the difference is that, step 2-4 is changed to by the embodiment of the present invention 1 or embodiment 2 The degradable seedling-growing container of preparation is cultivated, then migrates to field management.Other processing, it is same as Example 3.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (10)

1. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: seed collection;
Step 2: nursery selection and processing, selection soil permeability is good, topography is flat, the good sand soil of irrigation and drainage system does nursery Soil, manure use and compound fertilizer are handled before sowing;
Step 3: seed treatment is handled 3 days with warm water, and is mixed with fine sand;
Step 4: sowing covers soil fine crushing, covers mulch;
Step 5: seedling management is shaded after emergence, and thinning waters and applies fertilizer;
Step 6: stump;
Step 7: bud picking;
Step 8: transplanting;
Step 9: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control sprays medicament or artificial control.
2. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: right before being sowed in step 2 Nursery soil ploughs deeply 30-35cm, manure use and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer processing, mixes soil disinfection with Furadan or carbendazim.
3. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use water temperature 50 in step 3 DEG C water impregnate, change water twice daily, handle 3 days.
4. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: mulch is covered in step 4, Remove mulch when emerging up to 65%.
5. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be colonized hole in step 8 50cm square, 50cm are deep, and lower layer inserts the composite soil of decomposed organic fertilizer, surface soil and phosphate fertilizer, then fills out one layer of pure land, and watering is heavy Hole, then plant tree seedlings;Flood is poured after kind, then righting is earthed up, and interval rewaters for one week, with the watering of backsight arid situation.
6. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2-4 is degradable It is completed in seedling-growing container.
7. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the degradable seedling-growing container Including parts by weight of component: 50-100 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, 50-100 parts of rice straw, 50-100 parts of corn stover, 5-10 parts of binder, 20-50 parts of organic fertilizer.
8. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the binder is denaturation Starch.
9. Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the organic fertilizer is micro- life Organic fertilizer.
10. according to any Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques of claim 6-9, which is characterized in that described to drop Solution seedling-growing container production method include:
S1: taking 50-100 parts of Shell of Water Chestnut, 50-100 parts of rice straw, 50-100 parts of corn stover, and being crushed to length is 2-20mm, Then the AMMONIA TREATMENT 3-8h for being 5%-20% with concentration, ammonium hydroxide recycles after the completion of processing, and drying vegetable fibers are spare;
S2: converted starch 5-10 parts is added into the plant fiber powder of above-mentioned acquisition, adds microbial organic fertilizer 20-50 Part, it is uniformly mixed;
S3: suitable water is added in raw material that will be uniformly mixed, can be hot-forming, and hot pressing temperature is 130 DEG C -170 DEG C, when hot pressing Between be 20-40min, demoulding gets product.
CN201910672707.XA 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques Pending CN110278821A (en)

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CN201910672707.XA CN110278821A (en) 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques

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CN201910672707.XA CN110278821A (en) 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet seeding and seedling raising Cultivating techniques

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112020932A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-04 长春大学 Koelreuteria paniculata seedling growing method in cold area

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112020932A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-04 长春大学 Koelreuteria paniculata seedling growing method in cold area

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Application publication date: 20190927