CN1120193C - 聚合物多元醇和稳定剂体系 - Google Patents
聚合物多元醇和稳定剂体系 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1120193C CN1120193C CN98813628A CN98813628A CN1120193C CN 1120193 C CN1120193 C CN 1120193C CN 98813628 A CN98813628 A CN 98813628A CN 98813628 A CN98813628 A CN 98813628A CN 1120193 C CN1120193 C CN 1120193C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unsaturation
- polyol
- degree
- polymer
- prepared
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/81—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/8108—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/8116—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group esters of acrylic or alkylacrylic acid having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4866—Polyethers having a low unsaturation value
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
- C08G18/632—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers onto polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
- C08G18/635—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers onto unsaturated polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/991,561 US6013731A (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Stabilizer based on high molecular weight polyols having low monol content for polymer polyol production |
| US08/991,561 | 1997-12-16 | ||
| US08/991561 | 1997-12-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1286708A CN1286708A (zh) | 2001-03-07 |
| CN1120193C true CN1120193C (zh) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=25537327
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98813628A Expired - Lifetime CN1120193C (zh) | 1997-12-16 | 1998-11-16 | 聚合物多元醇和稳定剂体系 |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6013731A (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP2139938B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP4615714B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR100550881B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN1120193C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU1235399A (https=) |
| BR (1) | BR9813688A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2314324C (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES2377714T3 (https=) |
| HU (1) | HUP0100721A3 (https=) |
| ID (1) | ID27080A (https=) |
| MX (1) | MXPA00005904A (https=) |
| TW (1) | TW506975B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO1999031160A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (61)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6756414B2 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2004-06-29 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polymer polyol composition, process for producing the same, and process for producing polyurethane resin |
| US6624209B2 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2003-09-23 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polymer polyol composition, process for producing the same, and process for producing polyurethane resin |
| DE10136445A1 (de) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-02-06 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pfropfpolymerisaten |
| MXPA04008161A (es) * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-05-17 | Basf Ag | Polioles de injerto con una distribucion de tamano de particula bimodal y metodo para producir polioles de injerto de este tipo, ademas del uso de los mismos para producir poliuretanos. |
| US6806348B2 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2004-10-19 | Basf Corporation | Process for removing and regenerating a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst from a polymer polyol |
| US6713599B1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-30 | Basf Corporation | Formation of polymer polyols with a narrow polydispersity using double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts |
| US20050085613A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-21 | Adkins Rick L. | Novel unsaturated macromers for preformed stabilizers and polymer polyols |
| US8470927B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2013-06-25 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Process for production of polymer polyols |
| US7160975B2 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-01-09 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Methacrylates as stabilizers for polymer polyols |
| US7179882B2 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-02-20 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Low viscosity polymer polyols |
| US20070060690A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Low viscosity polymer polyols characterized by a high hydroxyl number |
| ES2335322T5 (es) * | 2006-09-15 | 2014-03-06 | Basf Se | Procedimiento para la obtención de espumas rígidas de poliuretano |
| US7776969B2 (en) | 2006-12-04 | 2010-08-17 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Allophanate-modified stabilizers and the polymer polyols prepared from these stabilizers |
| KR100839061B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 무수말레인산을 이용한 폴리머 폴리올을 위한 제조용 안정제 |
| BRPI0817704A2 (pt) * | 2007-10-02 | 2015-03-31 | Basf Se | Processo para a produção de um corpo moldado de poliuretano, corpo moldado de poliuretano, e, sola de sapato. |
| US9109077B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2015-08-18 | Basf Se | Foamed polyurethanes having improved flexing endurance properties |
| US20090163613A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Guelcher Scott A | Polymer polyols with improved properties and a process for their production |
| ES2385289T3 (es) * | 2008-06-19 | 2012-07-20 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procedimiento de dispersión de fusión para fabricar polioles poliméricos |
| US10239985B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2019-03-26 | Covestro Llc | Polymer polyols comprising a natural oil base polyol, polyurethane foams comprising these polymer polyols and processes for their preparation |
| EP2408841B1 (de) | 2009-03-17 | 2014-11-19 | Basf Se | POLYURETHANFORMKÖRPER MIT VERBESSERTER WEITERREIßFESTIGKEIT UND VERBESSERTEM DAUERBIEGEVERHALTEN |
| CN102471445B (zh) | 2009-07-20 | 2014-05-28 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制备粘弹性聚氨酯软质泡沫材料的方法 |
| JP4798309B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-05 | 2011-10-19 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ポリマー分散ポリオールおよび軟質ポリウレタンフォームの製造方法 |
| ES2544886T3 (es) | 2009-12-11 | 2015-09-04 | Basf Se | Cuerpos moldeados de espuma de poliuretano con estabilidad dimensional |
| CN102958977A (zh) | 2010-04-30 | 2013-03-06 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 聚醚多元醇、制备聚醚多元醇的方法及其用于生产聚氨酯的用途 |
| US9115246B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2015-08-25 | Basf Se | Polyether polyols, process for preparing polyether polyols and their use for producing polyurethanes |
| DE102011078170A1 (de) | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Makromeren |
| WO2012098145A1 (de) | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Basf Se | Mikrozelluläre schäume mit verbesserten mechanischen eigenschaften |
| KR20140005266A (ko) | 2011-02-25 | 2014-01-14 | 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 고농도 폴리머폴리올 및 그 제조 방법 |
| BR112014003673A2 (pt) | 2011-08-17 | 2017-03-01 | Basf Se | espuma de poliuretano, processo para produzir espumas de poliuretano rígidas, álcool de poliéster, e, processo para preparar álcoois de poliéster |
| RU2014110882A (ru) | 2011-08-23 | 2015-09-27 | Басф Се | Способ получения полиуретанов |
| EP2565214A1 (de) | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-06 | Basf Se | Dispersion aus einer flüssigen und einer festen Phase |
| US8946313B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2015-02-03 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Hybrid PHD/PMPO polyols for polyurethane foam applications |
| US8835565B2 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2014-09-16 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Preformed stabilizers useful for the production of polymer polyols and polymer polyols produced therefrom |
| ES2853573T3 (es) * | 2012-10-05 | 2021-09-16 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Macrómero y procedimiento para hacer polioles poliméricos |
| US9163099B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2015-10-20 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Polybutadiene modified polymer polyols, foams prepared from polybutadiene modified polymer polyols, and processes for the production thereof |
| CN104045791A (zh) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-17 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 聚合物多元醇的制备方法 |
| US8987396B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-03-24 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Active polymer polyols and a process for their production |
| EP2894180A1 (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-15 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Polymer Polyols comprising a Polyether Carbonate Polyol as the Base Polyol |
| HUE050534T2 (hu) * | 2014-04-30 | 2020-12-28 | Basf Se | Eljárás polimer poliol elõállítására |
| CN106255711A (zh) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-12-21 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于聚合物多元醇制备方法的稳定剂 |
| MX378868B (es) * | 2014-11-27 | 2025-03-11 | Basf Se | Sintesis de polioles polimericos en polioles insaturados, polioles polimericos y su uso. |
| US11286330B2 (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2022-03-29 | Basf Se | Macromer for use in polymer polyol dispersions, and method for producing such a macromer |
| US10040903B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2018-08-07 | Covestro Llc | Polymer polyol quality |
| US10767008B2 (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2020-09-08 | Covestro Llc | Polymer polyols comprising amine based polyether polyols and a process for preparing these polymer polyols |
| WO2018166870A1 (de) | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-stiefeln |
| US10479862B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2019-11-19 | Covestro Llc | Amine based polymer polyol stabilizers |
| US10526484B2 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2020-01-07 | Covestro Llc | Dithiocarbonate containing polyols as polymer polyol stabilizers |
| US10851239B2 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2020-12-01 | Covestro Llc | Ethylenically unsaturated macromers produced from a residue of isocyanate manufacturing, related preformed stabilizers, polymer polyols, foam-forming compositions and foams |
| CN109734848A (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种聚合物多元醇及其制备方法 |
| CN109810086B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-02-02 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种具有不饱和基团的异氰酸酯及其制备方法和应用 |
| JP2022520036A (ja) | 2019-02-07 | 2022-03-28 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | モノマー回収プロセス |
| WO2020163154A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Process for preparing a copolymer polyol |
| US10781310B2 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-09-22 | Covestro Llc | Polymer polyol stabilizers |
| US11407874B2 (en) | 2019-10-07 | 2022-08-09 | Covestro Llc | Polyol premixes, thermally insulating rigid polyurethane foams and methods for their production |
| US11421063B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-08-23 | Covestro Llc | Preformed stabilizers with improved stability |
| CN111234123B (zh) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-11-04 | 无棣德信化工有限公司 | 一种聚酯聚合物多元醇及其制备方法和用途 |
| EP4129463A4 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2023-11-15 | Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd. | REACTION SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING POLYMER POLYOL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYMER POLYOL |
| EP4185628A1 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2023-05-31 | Basf Se | Multilayered structure and a process for preparing the same |
| CN114479050B (zh) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-08-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种稳定剂前体及其制备方法和应用 |
| US11866543B2 (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2024-01-09 | Covestro Llc | Glycidyl (meth)acrylate polymer polyol stabilizers |
| EP4705370A1 (en) | 2023-05-02 | 2026-03-11 | Basf Se | Low density polyurethane foam moldings with smooth skin |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US33291A (en) * | 1861-09-17 | Heney a | ||
| US4390645A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1983-06-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Stable dispersions of polymers in polyfunctional compounds having a plurality of active hydrogens and polyurethanes therefrom |
| USRE33291E (en) | 1982-04-01 | 1990-08-07 | Basf Corporation | Process for the preparation of white graft polymer dispersions and flame-retardant polyurethane foams |
| US4687851A (en) * | 1985-08-15 | 1987-08-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polyurethane elastomers prepared from high equivalent weight polyahls |
| IN167010B (https=) * | 1985-12-23 | 1990-08-18 | Kellogg M W Co | |
| US4997857A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1991-03-05 | Arco Chemical Technology, Inc. | Stabilizers for polymer/polyols |
| US4954560A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-09-04 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Stable polymer/polyols made without macromonomer |
| US4954561A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-09-04 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Stabilizers for polymer/polyols |
| US5093412A (en) * | 1989-08-23 | 1992-03-03 | Basf Corporation | Macromers for graft polyols and the polyols prepared therefrom |
| US5196476A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1993-03-23 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Polymer/polyol and preformed stabilizer systems |
| US5494957A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1996-02-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Stabilizers for preparing polymer polyols, and process for preparing polymer polyols |
| US5470813A (en) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-11-28 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Double metal cyanide complex catalysts |
| DE4431226A1 (de) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-03-07 | Bayer Ag | Niedrigviskose, stabile agglomeratfreie Polymerpolyole, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Polyurethankunststoffen |
| EP0768324B1 (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 2000-08-16 | Bayer Ag | Continuous process for the preparation of highly stable, finely divided, low viscosity polymer polyols of small average particle size |
-
1997
- 1997-12-16 US US08/991,561 patent/US6013731A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-11-16 AU AU12353/99A patent/AU1235399A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-16 CA CA002314324A patent/CA2314324C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-16 CN CN98813628A patent/CN1120193C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-16 WO PCT/EP1998/007308 patent/WO1999031160A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-16 JP JP2000539078A patent/JP4615714B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-16 BR BR9813688-7A patent/BR9813688A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-16 HU HU0100721A patent/HUP0100721A3/hu unknown
- 1998-11-16 MX MXPA00005904A patent/MXPA00005904A/es active IP Right Grant
- 1998-11-16 KR KR1020007006528A patent/KR100550881B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-16 ES ES98955580T patent/ES2377714T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-16 ID IDW20001262A patent/ID27080A/id unknown
- 1998-11-16 EP EP98955580A patent/EP2139938B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-22 TW TW087120870A patent/TW506975B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2139938A1 (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| BR9813688A (pt) | 2000-10-10 |
| KR20010033152A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
| JP2002508417A (ja) | 2002-03-19 |
| JP4615714B2 (ja) | 2011-01-19 |
| CA2314324A1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
| MXPA00005904A (es) | 2002-07-02 |
| WO1999031160A1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
| US6013731A (en) | 2000-01-11 |
| HUP0100721A3 (en) | 2002-10-28 |
| EP2139938B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| ES2377714T3 (es) | 2012-03-30 |
| HK1034724A1 (en) | 2001-11-02 |
| TW506975B (en) | 2002-10-21 |
| HUP0100721A2 (hu) | 2001-06-28 |
| ID27080A (id) | 2001-02-22 |
| CA2314324C (en) | 2009-03-24 |
| AU1235399A (en) | 1999-07-05 |
| KR100550881B1 (ko) | 2006-02-10 |
| CN1286708A (zh) | 2001-03-07 |
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