CN111869444A - Rescue breeding method for jasmine - Google Patents
Rescue breeding method for jasmine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111869444A CN111869444A CN202010717500.2A CN202010717500A CN111869444A CN 111869444 A CN111869444 A CN 111869444A CN 202010717500 A CN202010717500 A CN 202010717500A CN 111869444 A CN111869444 A CN 111869444A
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- 235000010254 Jasminum officinale Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 240000005385 Jasminum sambac Species 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 241000207840 Jasminum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- CFZLNRGUBAVQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)succinimide Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(N2C(CCC2=O)=O)=C1 CFZLNRGUBAVQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-butyric acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000007457 Jasminum sambac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rescue breeding method of jasmine, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a cutting medium: taking fine peat soil as a cuttage matrix, uniformly mixing, sterilizing and potting to obtain the cutting agent; (2) cutting the cutting slips; (3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips into a mixed water solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, taking out the cutting slips and inserting the cutting slips into a cutting medium; (4) spraying a rooting agent; (5) and (4) post management: sealing the pot with a film, not uncovering the film within 3 weeks, not watering, arranging a sunshade net above the pot, controlling the air temperature in the cuttage shed at 25-35 ℃, uncovering the film after 3 weeks, thoroughly watering the matrix, and then performing conventional management to obtain the jasmine flower seedling. The method adopts the limited cutting shoot selection, the cutting substrate and the full-sealed cutting mode of tightly sticking the film to the cutting shoot, can effectively and salvagely breed the jasmine germplasm resource infected by the southern blight, and avoids the loss of the jasmine germplasm resource; furthermore, the method of the invention has simple operation, energy consumption saving and labor saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a jasmine flower breeding method, in particular to a jasmine flower rescue breeding method.
Background
Jasmine (Jasminum sambac (L.) air.) can be used for scented tea processing, essence extraction, appreciation, medicinal use and the like. The planting area of China is 12,300ha, fresh flowers are produced 120,600t every year, and jasmine tea 110,800t is produced every year. Guangxi Traverse county is the 'county of jasmine in China', the planting area is 7,000ha, the yield of fresh flowers accounts for 80% of the total yield in China and 60% of the total yield in the world, and the Guangxi Traverse county is the processing center of jasmine flowers and jasmine tea in the world.
Southern blight is the most important disease which harms jasmine flowers, and is a soil-borne disease which mainly infects roots and necks to cause phloem to rot, further causing upper tree crowns to wither, and causing large-area withering of the jasmine flowers in severe cases. At present, the southern blight cannot be effectively prevented and controlled, once the plant has symptoms, the plant is usually recommended to be dug out in a root-by-root mode, and the whole plant is burnt to prevent the further spread of the southern blight. The production of jasmine flowers and the preservation of germplasm resources are frequently threatened by southern blight, so that the production and the germplasm resources are seriously lost, and particularly, the loss of some precious germplasm resources stored in a resource garden is especially serious.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rescue breeding method of jasmine, which takes plants infected by southern blight as materials to breed healthy seedlings, overcomes the defect that direct whole-plant digging and destroying of the affected jasmine plants in the prior art and saves the loss of germplasm resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to wet the cutting matrix, mixing, pouring the matrix with the mixed water solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 1-2 days for sterilization, and potting to obtain the final product;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck or at a position 3-5 nodes when the root or the root neck of the jasmine plant is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like, burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into 8-10cm long sections, cutting each 2 sections of twigs into a section, keeping 1-2 intact leaves at the upper part of the section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain cutting shoots;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting medium obtained after potting in the step (1), wherein 2-3 sections of cutting slips are inserted into each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying a rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is an aqueous solution obtained by mixing 20-80mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and 50-100mg/L of indolebutyric acid (IBA);
(5) and (4) post management: and (4) after the rooting agent is sprayed, sealing the pot by closely adhering a thin film, not uncovering the film within 3 weeks, not watering, arranging a sunshade net above the pot, controlling the air temperature in the cuttage shed at 25-35 ℃, uncovering the thin film after 3 weeks, thoroughly watering the matrix, and then performing conventional management to obtain the jasmine flower seedlings.
Preferably, the jasmine rescue breeding method further comprises the following operations: in the step (5), after the film is uncovered for 1 week, the cutting shoots in the pot are transplanted to a large pot and are managed conventionally.
Preferably, the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the steps (1) and (3) is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution is diluted by 500 times.
Preferably, the carbendazim wettable powder in the step (1) is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, and the dimethachlon wettable powder is 40% dimethachlon wettable powder.
Preferably, the basin in the step (1) is a multi-hole basin, the depth of the hole basin is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm.
Preferably, each hole is sprayed with 15-20ml of rooting agent in the step (4).
Preferably, the rooting agent in the step (4) is an aqueous solution obtained by mixing 80mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and 100mg/L of indolebutyric acid (IBA).
Preferably, a sunshade net with 85% shading rate is arranged 1-2m above the basin in the step (5).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method adopts the limited cutting shoot selection, the cutting substrate and the full-sealed cutting mode of tightly sticking the film to the cutting shoot, can effectively and salvagely breed the jasmine germplasm resource infected by the southern blight, and avoids the loss of the jasmine germplasm resource; furthermore, the method of the invention has simple operation, energy consumption saving and labor saving.
Drawings
In the figure 1, (a) is a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, (b) is a disease symptom of southern blight, and (c) is a jasmine seedling obtained by breeding by the method.
In fig. 2, (a) is the totally enclosed cutting of the film-sealed cutting slips of the invention, (a1) is the jasmine seedlings bred by the method of the invention, and (b) is the cutting using the arched canopy film and perlite as the substrate.
In fig. 3, (a) shows the root effect of jasmine obtained by the breeding method of the present invention, (a1) shows the root effect of single jasmine obtained by the breeding method of the present invention, and (b) shows the root effect of jasmine obtained by cutting with arched canopy film and perlite as the matrix.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, but it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. The raw materials used in the examples were all commercially available unless otherwise specified. The 50% carbendazim wettable powder and the 40% dimethachlon wettable powder refer to carbendazim wettable powder or dimethachlon wettable powder with the effective components accounting for X% (X is 50 or 40).
Example 1
A jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to moisten the substrate and uniformly mixing the substrate and the fine peat soil serving as a cuttage substrate, pouring the substrate through a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 2 days for disinfection, and filling the substrate into a porous pot, wherein the depth of the pot is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck when the root or the root neck is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like and burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into long sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving 2 intact leaves at the upper part of each section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain cutting shoots;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after the step (1) is filled into a porous hole basin, wherein 2 sections of cutting slips are inserted into each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is 80mg/L NAA +100mg/L IBA water solution, and 15-20ml of rooting agent is sprayed to each hole;
(5) and (4) post management: after the rooting agent is sprayed in the step (4), the multi-hole pot is sealed by closely adhering a thin film, the film is not uncovered within 3 weeks, watering is not carried out, a sunshade net with the shading rate of 85% is arranged at a position 1-2m above the multi-hole pot, the air temperature in the cuttage shed is controlled at 25-35 ℃, after 3 weeks, the thin film is uncovered, the matrix is watered thoroughly, and then conventional management is carried out, so that the jasmine flower seedlings are obtained; carrying out data statistics on the survival rate, the rooting number of the jasmine seedlings and the longest root length, wherein the results are shown in table 1; and (5) after the film is uncovered for 1 week, transplanting the cutting slips in the pot to a large pot, and performing conventional management.
Example 2
A jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to moisten the substrate and uniformly mixing the substrate and the fine peat soil serving as a cuttage substrate, pouring the substrate with a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 1 day for disinfection, and filling the substrate into a porous pot with the depth of more than 10cm and the diameter of a single hole of more than 4cm to obtain the cuttage substrate; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 3-5 sections away from a damaged part of a root neck when the root or the root neck of the jasmine plant is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like and burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into long sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving two intact leaves at the upper part of each section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain cutting slips;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after the step (1) is filled into a porous hole basin, wherein 3 sections of cutting slips are subjected to cutting in each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is 80mg/L NAA +100mg/L IBA water solution, and 15-20ml of rooting agent is sprayed to each hole;
(5) and (4) post management: after the rooting agent is sprayed in the step (4), the multi-hole pot is sealed by closely adhering a thin film, the film is not uncovered and watered within 3 weeks, a sunshade net with the shading rate of 85% is arranged 1-2m above the multi-hole pot, the air temperature in the cuttage shed is controlled at 25-35 ℃, after 3 weeks, the thin film is uncovered, the matrix is watered thoroughly, and then the jasmine flower seedling is obtained by conventional management.
Example 3
A jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to moisten the substrate and uniformly mixing the substrate and the fine peat soil serving as a cuttage substrate, pouring the substrate through a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 2 days for disinfection, and filling the substrate into a porous pot, wherein the depth of the pot is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck when the root or the root neck is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like and burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into long sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving 1 complete leaf at the upper part of each section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain a cutting shoot;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after the step (1) is filled into a porous hole basin, wherein 2 sections of cutting slips are inserted into each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is 20mg/L NAA +100mg/L IBA water solution, and 15-20ml of rooting agent is sprayed to each hole;
(5) and (4) post management: after the rooting agent is sprayed in the step (4), the multi-hole pot is sealed by closely adhering a thin film, the film is not uncovered within 3 weeks, watering is not carried out, a sunshade net with the shading rate of 85% is arranged at a position 1-2m above the multi-hole pot, the air temperature in the cuttage shed is controlled at 25-35 ℃, after 3 weeks, the thin film is uncovered, the matrix is watered thoroughly, and then conventional management is carried out, so that the jasmine flower seedlings are obtained; carrying out data statistics on the survival rate, the rooting number of the jasmine seedlings and the longest root length, wherein the results are shown in table 1; and (5) after the film is uncovered for 1 week, transplanting the cutting slips in the pot to a large pot, and performing conventional management.
Example 4
A jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to moisten the substrate and uniformly mixing the substrate and the fine peat soil serving as a cuttage substrate, pouring the substrate through a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 2 days for disinfection, and filling the substrate into a porous pot, wherein the depth of the pot is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck when the root or the root neck is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like and burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into long sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving 2 intact leaves at the upper part of each section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain cutting shoots;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after the step (1) is filled into a porous hole basin, wherein 2 sections of cutting slips are inserted into each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is 40mg/L NAA +50mg/L IBA water solution, and 15-20ml of rooting agent is sprayed to each hole;
(5) and (4) post management: after the rooting agent is sprayed in the step (4), the multi-hole pot is sealed by closely adhering a thin film, the film is not uncovered within 3 weeks, watering is not carried out, a sunshade net with the shading rate of 85% is arranged at a position 1-2m above the multi-hole pot, the air temperature in the cuttage shed is controlled at 25-35 ℃, after 3 weeks, the thin film is uncovered, the matrix is watered thoroughly, and then conventional management is carried out, so that the jasmine flower seedlings are obtained; carrying out data statistics on the survival rate, the rooting number of the jasmine seedlings and the longest root length, wherein the results are shown in table 1; and (5) after the film is uncovered for 1 week, transplanting the cutting slips in the pot to a large pot, and performing conventional management.
Example 5
A jasmine rescue breeding method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to moisten the substrate and uniformly mixing the substrate and the fine peat soil serving as a cuttage substrate, pouring the substrate through a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 2 days for disinfection, and filling the substrate into a porous pot, wherein the depth of the pot is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck when the root or the root neck is rotten and leaves begin to wither, reserving the crown for breeding, digging the rest roots and the like and burning out, cutting a trunk in the crown into long sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving 2 intact leaves at the upper part of each section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain cutting shoots;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, slightly draining, and then inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after the step (1) is filled into a porous hole basin, wherein 2 sections of cutting slips are inserted into each hole, the insertion depth is proper for exposing upper bud parts, the spreading directions of the cutting slips are consistent during cutting, the overlapping of the slips is avoided as much as possible, and the cutting is finished; wherein the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution are diluted by 1000 times and 500 times respectively;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: uniformly spraying rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is 20mg/L NAA +75mg/L IBA water solution, and 15-20ml of rooting agent is sprayed to each hole;
(5) and (4) post management: after the rooting agent is sprayed in the step (4), the multi-hole pot is sealed by closely adhering a thin film, the film is not uncovered within 3 weeks, watering is not carried out, a sunshade net with the shading rate of 85% is arranged at a position 1-2m above the multi-hole pot, the air temperature in the cuttage shed is controlled at 25-35 ℃, after 3 weeks, the thin film is uncovered, the matrix is watered thoroughly, and then conventional management is carried out, so that the jasmine flower seedlings are obtained; carrying out data statistics on the survival rate, the rooting number of the jasmine seedlings and the longest root length, wherein the results are shown in table 1; and (5) after the film is uncovered for 1 week, transplanting the cutting slips in the pot to a large pot, and performing conventional management.
Comparative example 1
Perlite is adopted as a cuttage matrix in the cuttage in the step (1), an arched shed covering film is adopted in the step (4), namely a small arched shed is erected above a cuttage seedling bed, a spraying facility is arranged, after the cuttage, a thin film is covered on the arched shed, the spraying is carried out regularly or irregularly to keep the humidity of the air and the matrix in the cuttage pool, the rest operations are the same as those in the embodiment 1, data statistics is carried out on the survival rate, the number of jasmine peanut roots and the longest root length, and the results are shown in the table 1 (comparison treatment).
TABLE 1
Treatments 1 to 9 in table 1 were three-factor (number of leaves left, IBA concentration, and NAA concentration) three-level orthogonal test treatments (wherein treatments 1, 2, 4, 7, and 8 were conducted by subjecting jasmine flowers to rescue breeding according to parameters specified in the treatments "leave leaves", "IBA (mg/L)", "NAA (mg/L)", and "cutting method" in table 1, respectively, and the rest of the procedures were the same as those in example 1, to obtain results). The test result shows the influence of the number of leaves left in the cutting, the IBA concentration and the NAA concentration on the survival rate of cutting, the number of roots and the longest root length in the new cutting mode (the sticking film is totally closed and peat soil is used as a matrix). The contrast is the conventional cuttage method (arched shed cover film, perlite as cuttage medium). The treatment control is the data obtained in comparative example 1, treatment 3 is the data obtained in example 1, treatment 5 is the data obtained in example 3, treatment 6 is the data obtained in example 4, and treatment 9 is the data obtained in example 5. Through the table 1, the treatment 3 (namely 2 full leaves of cutting slips, 100mg/L IBA +80mg/L NAA as rooting agents, peat soil as cutting substrates and a film covering full-sealed cutting method) can be obtained, the cutting survival rate can reach 100%, the rooting number reaches 31.3, and the cutting effect is most obvious. Meanwhile, the results obtained by the treatment mode of the method are better than those obtained by the control. The cuttage mode and the number of leaves left all obviously influence the cuttage effect.
After the southern blight damages roots and necks, crowns are often deprived of water gradually because sufficient water is not supplied. Therefore, the film is used for the totally sealed cutting of the close-packed cutting slips. During the cutting period, the cutting slips are closely adhered with the film, so that the water retention of the cutting slips is more facilitated, and the water spraying and the moisture retention are not needed during the period. Ordinary cuttage needs to be carried out by frequently spraying water to keep the air humidity and the matrix humidity of the cuttage pool, and the method is more energy-saving, less in consumption and labor-saving.
In the figure 1, (a) is a jasmine plant infected by the southern blight, (b) is a disease symptom of the southern blight, and (c) is jasmine seedlings obtained by the salvage breeding of the jasmine plant infected by the southern blight as a material by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, so that the germplasm resources can be successfully stored continuously.
In FIG. 2, (a) shows the result of the operation of step (5) of the totally enclosed cutting of the film-sealed cutting slips of the present invention, (a1) shows the jasmine seedlings bred by the present invention, and (b) shows the cutting with the arched canopy film and perlite as the substrate.
In FIG. 3, (a) shows the rooting effect of the cuttage of the invention, (a1) shows the rooting effect of the single plant of jasmine cultivated by the invention, and (b) shows the rooting effect of the cuttage with the arched shed mulch film and perlite as the substrate.
As can be seen from the drawings 1-3, the cuttage survival rate and the rooting quantity of the cutting slips of the invention are obviously higher than those of the cuttage mode which adopts an arched shed covering film and perlite as a substrate.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A jasmine rescue breeding method is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) preparing a cutting medium: spraying clear water to wet the cutting matrix, mixing, pouring the matrix with the mixed water solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder, stacking for 1-2 days for sterilization, and potting to obtain the final product;
(2) cutting the cutting slips: taking a jasmine plant infected by southern blight, cutting off a tree crown at a position 5-10cm away from a damaged part of a root neck or at a position 3-5 sections when the root or the root neck of the jasmine plant is rotten and leaves begin to wither, cutting a trunk in the tree crown into long branch sections of 8-10cm, cutting each 2 sections of a twig into one section, reserving 1-2 intact leaves at the upper part of each branch section, and removing the lower leaves to obtain a cutting shoot;
(3) cuttage: soaking the cutting slips obtained in the step (2) into a mixed water solution of carbendazim wettable powder and dimethachlon wettable powder for 3-5min, taking out, draining, inserting into the cutting matrix obtained after potting in the step (1), cutting 2-3 cutting slips in each hole, and completing cutting;
(4) spraying a rooting agent: spraying a rooting agent to the leaves and the cuttings obtained after the cuttage in the step (3), wherein the rooting agent is an aqueous solution obtained by mixing 20-80mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 50-100mg/L of indolebutyric acid;
(5) and (4) post management: and (4) after the rooting agent is sprayed, sealing the pot by closely adhering a thin film, not uncovering the film within 3 weeks, not watering, arranging a sunshade net above the pot, controlling the air temperature in the cuttage shed at 25-35 ℃, uncovering the thin film after 3 weeks, thoroughly watering the matrix, and then performing conventional management to obtain the jasmine flower seedlings.
2. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps: in the step (5), after the film is uncovered for 1 week, the cutting shoots in the pot are transplanted to a large pot and are managed conventionally.
3. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mixed aqueous solution of the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the steps (1) and (3) is obtained by mixing and diluting the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder, and the carbendazim wettable powder and the dimethachlon wettable powder in the mixed aqueous solution obtained by dilution are diluted by 1000 times and diluted by 500 times.
4. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the carbendazim wettable powder in the step (1) is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, and the dimethachlon wettable powder is 40% dimethachlon wettable powder.
5. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the basin in the step (1) is a multi-hole basin, the depth of the hole basin is more than 10cm, and the diameter of a single hole is more than 4 cm.
6. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) spraying 15-20ml of rooting agent to each hole.
7. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rooting agent in the step (4) is an aqueous solution obtained by mixing 80mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 100mg/L of indolebutyric acid.
8. The method for the rescue propagation of jasmine according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) arranging a sunshade net with 85% shading rate at a position 1-2m above the pot.
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