CN110024676B - Rapid rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides - Google Patents
Rapid rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides Download PDFInfo
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- CN110024676B CN110024676B CN201910347622.4A CN201910347622A CN110024676B CN 110024676 B CN110024676 B CN 110024676B CN 201910347622 A CN201910347622 A CN 201910347622A CN 110024676 B CN110024676 B CN 110024676B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides, which comprises collection and treatment of betula alnoides cuttings, hormone treatment before water culture cutting of cuttings, sterilization and disinfection treatment before water culture cutting of cuttings, water culture, management after cutting, nutrient solution spraying and transplanting. Compared with the current seedling raising mode of the betula alnoides, the seedling raising method has the advantages that the cutting slips are treated by using auxin ABT1 or IBA200mg/L, after the cutting slips are soaked in tap water for rooting, the leaf surfaces are sprayed with urea and monopotassium phosphate nutrient solution, the cutting slips can root in 30 days, and the time is obviously shortened; compared with other substrates, the substrate used for cuttage is cleaner and more sanitary, the steps of weeding, farming and the like can be reduced, and time and labor are saved; the operation is simple; the invention greatly reduces the production cost and has great breakthrough on the application of water planting skewer inserted in precious wood tree species.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biotechnology, and particularly relates to a rapid rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides.
Background
Betula alnoides is a high deciduous tree of Betula of Betulaceae, and is a precious fast-growing tree species in tropical and southern subtropical regions. The tree trunk is straight and round, the wood has the excellent characteristics of moderate density, beautiful texture, no warping and cracking, easy processing and the like, and the wood is widely applied to high-grade building decoration and high-grade furniture manufacture and has very high economic value. And the betula alnoides has strong adaptability, is barren-resistant and grows rapidly, is one of the main species of water conservation forests (natural secondary forests), and has important ecological value. But the resources of the improved seeds are very lacking, the demand of the improved seeds of the betula alnoides for strong seedlings is rapidly expanded along with the rapid increase of the area of the artificial forest, and the selective breeding of the improved seeds of the betula alnoides becomes indispensable work.
At present, the water culture cutting technology is successful on numerous flowers, but the application of the water culture cutting technology on woody plants, particularly forestry neighborhoods and precious wood species is very little, and the water culture of the betula alnoides is not reported. At present, the conventional sowing and seedling raising method is mainly adopted in the production of the betula alnoides to culture afforestation seedlings, and because the seeds of the betula alnoides are fine, the seedlings grow slowly and are weak, the seedlings are easy to be infected with germs and die in pieces, the management is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and the seedling raising period is long; the adoption of seedling afforestation has large interspecific difference, obvious differentiation, no maintenance of excellent characters of the female parent, low forest stand quality and low volume yield, and can not meet the requirements of intensive and industrialized development; the traditional cuttage generally adopts perlite, vermiculite, river sand, yellow core soil and the like as propagation substrates, and has the problems of high cost, poor water retention, easy contamination and rot of roots, long rooting time and the like; the tissue culture seedling raising technology has high requirement, long seedling raising time, high seedling transplanting survival rate and high cost.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides, which has the advantages of low cost, short time and simple operation and management.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rapid rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of Betula alnoides comprises the following steps:
s1, collection and treatment of betula alnoides cuttings
Selecting branches which are strong in growth, good in buds, free of diseases and insect pests, 0.25cm in average diameter and half lignification, and are grown in the current year or annual year, trimming the branches into cutting slips with the length of 10-15 cm, keeping 2-3 buds for each cutting slip, trimming the cutting slips smoothly, cutting an upper cut flatly, cutting a lower cut into a horseshoe shape at a position 0.5cm below a node in an inclined mode, keeping 2-4 leaves for each cutting slip, and cutting 1/2 if the leaves are large;
s2, performing hormone treatment before water culture cutting of cutting slips
Soaking the pruned cutting in 200mg/L indolebutyric acid and ABT1 aqueous solution for 16h, keeping the branch upright during soaking, and immersing 1/3 of the length of the cutting;
s3, sterilizing and disinfecting the cutting before water planting
Immersing the cutting slips after hormone treatment in 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution for sterilizing for 30S, taking out the cutting slips after the wound is healed by drying in the shade, and reducing the rot caused by germ infection in water culture cutting;
s4, hydroponic culture
Clamping the cutting slips into a round hydroponic planting cotton notch, inserting the round hydroponic planting cotton with the cutting slips into round holes of a foam plate, placing the foam plate in a water container, and enabling the cutting slips to be inserted into water to be 2cm long;
s5, management after cuttage
Controlling the temperature to be 25-30 ℃ after cuttage; the air humidity is kept above 80% by intermittent spraying; covering 70% of the sunshade net; cleaning and replacing the culture solution every 7-10 days; spraying 1:1000 of azoxystrobin and thiabendazole copper mixed aqueous solution every 10 days, and spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes;
s6 spray nutrient solution
Spraying 1000 times of urea and monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer every 15 days after the cutting shoots grow 0.2mm white root tips 15-20 days after the cutting; spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes;
s7, transplanting
And when the root system grows to 1-2 cm, spraying 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution on the whole plant, removing the rooting cuttings out of the water body, and implanting the rooting cuttings into a sterilized substrate.
Furthermore, the water culture process is carried out in a greenhouse, a plastic greenhouse or a small plastic arched shed.
Further, in S4, the water container is an opaque container or a pool with a height of 5cm is built, and tap water is poured into the water container, wherein the tap water depth is 3 cm.
Further, in S4, the device for fixing the cutting is a foam board with round holes and round water planting cotton; the round hole on the foam board is big end down, and the floating on the water surface is a small hole, and a round water planting field planting cotton is cut along the radius.
Further, in S5, timely cleaning fallen leaves and necrotic cutting slips after cutting; the humidity is high, and ventilation is realized particularly in rainy days.
Further, in S6, when 0.2mm white root tip is formed on the cutting, the cutting is irradiated with light for 2 hours before 10 am every day, and ventilation is performed appropriately.
Further, in S7, the matrix is prepared from general soil: peat soil: the perlite is 3:1: 1.
Further, in S7, after the soil transfer culture medium is placed, sufficient humidity and environmental humidity of the medium are maintained, the early radicles grow in water, and after the transplantation, water is poured once a day and decreased after 7 days in order to adapt to the environment from aquatic to terrestrial; during the period, the sun is prevented from being directly irradiated, and 70 percent of sunshade net is covered.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the conventional seedling culture mode of the betula alnoides, the water culture cutting rapid rooting seedling culture method of the betula alnoides utilizes auxin ABT1 or IBA200mg/L to treat the cutting slips, urea and monopotassium phosphate nutrient solution are sprayed on the leaf surfaces after the cutting slips are soaked in tap water for rooting, rooting can be carried out within 30 days, and the time is obviously shortened; compared with other substrates, the substrate used for cuttage is cleaner and more sanitary, the steps of weeding, farming and the like can be reduced, and time and labor are saved; the operation is simple; the invention greatly reduces the production cost and has great breakthrough on the application of water planting skewer inserted in precious wood tree species.
2. According to the fast rooting and seedling raising method for the water culture cutting of the betula alnoides, disclosed by the invention, the disinfection of the cuttings is carried out by using the mixed aqueous solution of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper in a ratio of 1:1000, so that the black rot of the cuttings is greatly reduced, and the rooting rate is improved. The branch fixing device can be used for solving the problem that cuttings with different thicknesses are stably fixed; the operation of taking and transplanting the seedlings after the cuttings take roots is simple, and the root systems and the seedlings are not damaged; the floating plate and the fixed planting cotton can be repeatedly utilized, so that the cost is saved; the device is simple to operate and wide in application range.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A water culture cutting rapid rooting seedling method for Betula alnoides, the water culture process of the seedling method is carried out in a greenhouse, a plastic greenhouse or a small plastic arched shed, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collection and treatment of betula alnoides cuttings
Selecting branches which are strong in growth, good in buds, free of diseases and insect pests, 0.25cm in average diameter and half lignification, and are grown in the current year or annual year, trimming the branches into cutting slips with the length of 10-15 cm, keeping 2-3 buds for each cutting slip, trimming the cutting slips smoothly, cutting an upper cut flatly, cutting a lower cut into a horseshoe shape at a position 0.5cm below a node in an inclined mode, keeping 2-4 leaves for each cutting slip, and cutting 1/2 if the leaves are large;
s2, performing hormone treatment before water culture cutting of cutting slips
Soaking the pruned cutting in 200mg/L indolebutyric acid and ABT1 aqueous solution for 16h, keeping the branch upright during soaking, and immersing 1/3 of the length of the cutting;
s3, sterilizing and disinfecting the cutting before water planting
Immersing the cutting slips after hormone treatment in 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution for sterilizing for 30S, taking out the cutting slips after the wound is healed by drying in the shade, and reducing the rot caused by germ infection in water culture cutting; the mixed aqueous solution of azoxystrobin and copper thiediazole with the ratio of 1:1000 is used for disinfecting the cutting, so that black rot of the cutting is greatly reduced, and the rooting rate is improved.
S4, hydroponic culture
The water container is an opaque container or a pool with the height of 5cm is built, tap water is poured into the water container, and the tap water depth is 3 cm; tap water is used as a culture solution, mineral elements contained in the tap water and the cutting contain certain nutrient substances, so that the cutting can root without the nutrient solution, the cost is saved, and the working procedures are reduced. The depth of tap water is controlled to be 3cm, the higher the average dissolved oxygen in water is, the use of an oxygenation pump can be avoided, the frequent water changing times can be reduced, the cost and the labor power can be reduced, and the rapid rooting is facilitated.
The device for fixing the cuttings is a foam plate with round holes and round water planting field planting cotton; the round hole on the foam board is big end down, and the floating on the water surface is a small hole, and a round water planting field planting cotton is cut along the radius.
Clamping the cutting slips into a round hydroponic planting cotton notch, inserting the round hydroponic planting cotton with the cutting slips into round holes of a foam plate, placing the foam plate in a water container, and enabling the cutting slips to be inserted into water to be 2cm long;
s5, management after cuttage
Controlling the temperature to be 25-30 ℃ after cuttage; the air humidity is kept above 80% by intermittent spraying; covering 70% of the sunshade net; cleaning and replacing the culture solution every 7-10 days; spraying 1:1000 of azoxystrobin and thiabendazole copper mixed aqueous solution every 10 days, and spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes; timely cleaning fallen leaves and necrotic cutting slips after cutting; the humidity is high, and ventilation is realized particularly in rainy days;
s6 spray nutrient solution
Spraying 1000 times of urea and monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer every 15 days after the cutting shoots grow 0.2mm white root tips 15-20 days after the cutting; spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes; when 0.2mm white root tip grows out of the cutting, the cutting is irradiated for 2 hours before 10 o' clock every day, and proper ventilation is carried out;
s7, transplanting
When the root system grows to 1-2 cm, spraying 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution on the whole plant, removing the rooting cuttings out of the water body, and implanting the rooting cuttings into a sterilized substrate; the matrix is general soil: peat soil: the perlite is 3:1: 1; after the soil is transferred into the culture medium, enough humidity and environmental humidity of the culture medium are kept, the early-stage radicles grow in water, and in order to adapt to the environment from aquatic to terrestrial, water is poured once a day after transplanting, and the water is gradually decreased after 7 days; during the period, the sun is prevented from being directly irradiated, and 70 percent of sunshade net is covered.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of Betula alnoides is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: at the step of S1, the method comprises the steps of,
collection and treatment of betula alnoides cuttings
Selecting strong, well-growing, disease-free and insect-free semi-lignified annual branches with the average diameter of 0.25cm, pruning the branches into cutting slips with the length of 10-15 cm, reserving 2-3 buds for each cutting slip, smoothly cutting the cut, horizontally cutting the upper cut, obliquely cutting the lower cut at a position 0.5cm below the knot into a horseshoe shape, reserving 2-4 leaves for each cutting slip, and cutting 1/2 if the leaves are large;
s2, performing hormone treatment before water culture cutting of cutting slips
Soaking the pruned cutting in 200mg/L indolebutyric acid and ABT1 aqueous solution for 16h, keeping the branch upright during soaking, and immersing 1/3 of the length of the cutting;
s3, sterilizing and disinfecting the cutting before water planting
Immersing the cutting slips after hormone treatment in 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution for sterilizing for 30S, taking out the cutting slips after the wound is healed by drying in the shade, and reducing the rot caused by germ infection in water culture cutting;
s4, hydroponic culture
Clamping the cutting slips into a round hydroponic planting cotton notch, inserting the round hydroponic planting cotton with the cutting slips into round holes of a foam plate, placing the foam plate in a water container, and enabling the cutting slips to be inserted into water to be 2cm long;
s5, management after cuttage
Controlling the temperature to be 25-30 ℃ after cuttage; the air humidity is kept above 80% by intermittent spraying; covering 70% of the sunshade net; cleaning and replacing the culture solution every 7-10 days; spraying 1:1000 of azoxystrobin and thiabendazole copper mixed aqueous solution every 10 days, and spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes;
s6 spray nutrient solution
Spraying 1000 times of urea and monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer every 15 days after the cutting shoots grow 0.2mm white root tips 15-20 days after the cutting; spraying after absorbing for 30 minutes; when 0.2mm white root tip grows out of the cutting, the cutting is irradiated for 2 hours before 10 o' clock every day, and proper ventilation is carried out;
s7, transplanting
When the root system grows to 1-2 cm, spraying 1000 times of azoxystrobin and thiediazole copper mixed aqueous solution on the whole plant, removing the rooting cuttings out of the water body, and implanting the rooting cuttings into a sterilized substrate, wherein the substrate is prepared from general soil: peat soil: the perlite is 3:1: 1; after the soil transfer culture medium is used, the early radicles grow in water, and in order to adapt to the environment from aquatic to terrestrial, water is poured once a day after transplantation, and the water is gradually decreased after 7 days; during the period, the sun is prevented from being directly irradiated, and 70 percent of sunshade net is covered.
2. The fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water culture process is carried out in a greenhouse, a plastic greenhouse or a small plastic arched shed.
3. The fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S4, the water container is opaque or a pool with a height of 5cm is built, and tap water with a depth of 3cm is poured into the water container.
4. The fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S4, the device for fixing the cutting is a foam board with round holes and round water planting cotton; the round hole on the foam board is big end down, and the floating on the water surface is a small hole, and a round water planting field planting cotton is cut along the radius.
5. The fast rooting and seedling raising method for water culture cutting of betula alnoides according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S5, timely cleaning fallen leaves and necrotic cutting slips after cutting.
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| CN105557291B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-06-26 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of efficient easily greenhouse cuttage white birch rooting method |
| CN109156185A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-08 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of masson pine Water culture method for culturing seedlings |
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