CN110558130B - Seven son flower cutting method - Google Patents
Seven son flower cutting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110558130B CN110558130B CN201910896315.1A CN201910896315A CN110558130B CN 110558130 B CN110558130 B CN 110558130B CN 201910896315 A CN201910896315 A CN 201910896315A CN 110558130 B CN110558130 B CN 110558130B
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- cutting
- parts
- matrix
- heptagona
- rooting
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N31/16—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system with two or more oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting method of a cauliflower, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation and cutting and comprising the following steps: collecting cutting slips, sterilizing, promoting rooting, proportioning cutting matrix, treating the matrix before cutting, cutting the cutting slips, managing the cutting slips after cutting, transplanting the cutting slips and culturing seedlings; the method is beneficial to the formation and the rapid growth of adventitious roots, the growth of young leaves, the survival rate of cuttage is improved, the heptagona japonica can be rapidly and effectively propagated, the population scale is enlarged through artificial breeding, and the special endangered species of the heptagona japonica in China can be better protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and cuttage, relates to a cuttage mode, and particularly relates to a heptagona cuttage method applied to asexual propagation of heptagona.
Background
The aesculus chinensis is deciduous small arbor of Caprifoliaceae, is a unique single-type plant in China, has a narrow distribution range and gradually reduced population, has few existing individuals and increasingly serious endangerment degree, and is likely to cause extinction of the species. Therefore, there is an urgent need to protect the seven-seed flowers effectively and increase their individual number.
The aesculus chinensis is insect-borne flowers, but the pollination efficiency of insects is low, the fruiting rate of the aesculus chinensis is low, the embryos are not completely developed, most seeds only have heart-shaped or horseshoe-shaped embryos when fruits fall off, and the phenomenon that some aesculus chinensis populations do not bear fruits exists. The seed volume is small, the outer part of the seed volume is coated with thicker pericarp, the embryo is not completely mature, and the like, so that the germination rate of the seeds of the heptagona japonica is extremely low, only about 5 to 10 percent, and the dormancy period of the seeds of the heptagona japonica is long, and the length of some of the seeds reaches 360 to 450 days, therefore, the sexual reproduction effect of the heptagona japonica is not obvious, the seedlings of the heptagona japonica are difficult to see in the population, the saplings grown from the seedlings are difficult to see, and therefore, the individual number of the heptagona japonica is increased through sexual reproduction, and the difficulty is high. The habitat conditions of the heptagona japonica are poor, and the shoot propagation is an important way for maintaining and developing the population quantity.
The Chinese invention patent with application number of 201410463171.8, application date of 2014, 09 and 12, discloses a tamarind cutting method, which comprises the following specific operation processes: collecting and processing cuttings, dehydrating, accelerating germination, preparing seedbeds and matrixes, and managing after cutting. When the method is applied to the cutting of the aesculus chinensis, the rooting effect of branches is not obvious, and the branches are difficult to survive.
The invention discloses a method for raising tea tree seedlings by cutting, which is disclosed by Chinese invention patent with application number of 201711087637.9 in application date of 2017, 11 and 06, and sequentially comprises the following steps: selecting cutting slips, preparing a seedbed, cutting, managing seedling stage and planting; the method is applied to the cutting of the aesculus chinensis, the rooting effect of branches is not obvious, and the survival rate is low.
In order to increase the population quantity, the cultivation is carried out in a vegetative mode, and the method is a feasible method. However, due to some characteristics of the individual seven-seed flowers, the cutting effect is poor and the survival rate is low by using the traditional method and the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor rooting and development condition and low survival rate of the cutting of the aesculus chinensis in the prior art, and provides a cutting method of the aesculus chinensis, which is applied to the cutting of the aesculus chinensis, is beneficial to rooting and sprouting of the aesculus chinensis during cutting and improves the cutting survival rate.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a cutting method of a cauliflower, which comprises the following steps:
A) collecting time and collecting position of the cutting: in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, when rainy days or early dew is not dry, cutting a stout lignified branch with full bud eyes of an annual cauliflower, preparing spikes, wherein the length of the spikes is 10cm-15cm, 1 to 4 leaves are left, and the lower part of a spike body is cut into an inclined plane; according to the cuttage research, the cutting time and the selection of the cuttage materials of the cauliflower have certain influence on the survival rate of the cauliflower, the cauliflower is grown in a vigorous period from 5 to 6 in the middle of the month, annual lignified branches which are thick and strong and have full bud eyes are good in nutrition status, and cuttage is carried out at the moment, so that the cuttage branches are favorable for rooting.
B) And (3) disinfection process of the cutting: putting the cutting into disinfectant for disinfection; through the disinfection treatment, the growth of bacteria and mould at the cut part can be prevented, and the cutting slips can be prevented from rotting.
C) The root promoting treatment process of the cutting: washing the disinfected cutting slips with clear water, and soaking the lower one third of the cutting slips into a rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the cauliflower, wherein the rooting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-0.03 part of ABT1 rooting powder, 0.03-0.15 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.03-0.15 part of 1-naphthylacetic acid, 0.01-0.05 part of indoleacetic acid, 10-30 parts of ethanol, 0.1-0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.1-0.5 part of fulvic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of boric acid, 0.05-0.1 part of sucrose, 0.05-0.3 part of catechol, 0.01-0.05 part of 2, 4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 80-100 parts of water, wherein the soaking time is set to be 1-2 hours; the cutting of the cutting shoot body of the heptagona japonica is carried out under natural conditions, and the generation amount of auxin is very small, so that adventitious roots cannot be formed, and the cutting cannot be successful. The growth of adventitious roots can be promoted by using ABT1 rooting powder, but the rooting powder in the prior art is used, the root system in the cutting is not well formed, and the cutting survival rate is low. By using the rooting solution for the heptagona, a large amount of practices prove that the heptagona has good rooting effect and high seedling survival rate. According to the invention, through the matching of a proper proportion, the heptagona can achieve a good rooting effect, the root system is well developed, the root base cells are quickly split, the formation of new roots is promoted, the root system activity can be enhanced, the key for greatly improving the transplanting survival rate is realized, the root system activity is strong, more water and nutrient substances can be absorbed, and the stress resistance of the cutting slips can be improved.
D) Proportioning a cuttage matrix: in a phytotron, the cutting medium of the aesculus chinensis is prepared from 50-70 parts of yellow loam, 10-20 parts of peat soil, 1-10 parts of river sand, 1-10 parts of sawdust, 1-10 parts of coconut coir and 10-20 parts of humus soil by weight, and the cutting medium is prepared from loose soil which is rich in organic matters and has good drainage property, and has an important effect on rooting of the aesculus chinensis.
E) Matrix treatment before cuttage: spraying disinfectant solution 3-5 days before cuttage, wherein the disinfectant solution is 500 times of carbendazim solution or chlorine dioxide solution; the carbendazim solution or the chlorine dioxide solution can kill viruses, bacteria, protists, algae, fungi, various spores and thalli formed by the spores, can effectively prevent the cut of the cuttage branch from being infected to cause the branch rotting phenomenon, and the chlorine dioxide is used as the disinfectant, so that the disinfectant has high efficiency, strong sterilization effect, small influence on the environment, safety and no residue. 1-2 days before cuttage, the rooting liquid for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica is sprayed on the substrate, and the adventitious roots of the cutting shoots are also formed.
F) Cutting the cutting slips: inserting the cutting shoots which are subjected to the disinfection process and the root promoting treatment process of the cutting shoots into the matrix, wherein the insertion depth is 3-6 cm, compacting the matrix at the edges of the cutting shoots, and watering once.
G) Managing the cuttings after cuttage: fertilizer is applied in the substrate 4 to 5 days after cutting, as after cutting, proper application of fertilizer is beneficial for promoting rooting. As the substance for promoting rooting, mainly phosphorus potassium fertilizer and calcium-containing substance can be used, because potassium and phosphorus have the effect of promoting the rooting, and calcium ions are beneficial to the formation of later vascular bundles. Spraying water to the whole plant once again from 10 th to 12 th days, and then watering once a week, wherein the temperature in the artificial climate chamber is controlled to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 70-85%; the illumination intensity is set to 2000 lx to 10000 lx, and the illumination time is set to 8 to 12 hours per day; after cutting, the air humidity can be improved, the water content of the matrix can be reduced, because the cutting spike does not root after cutting, the cutting spike can not absorb the moisture of the matrix, and the mould growth and the cutting spike rot can be caused by the overhigh water content of the matrix.
H) Transplanting the cutting: culturing in a substrate for 50-60 days, transplanting seedlings into flowerpots after 10-20 adventitious roots are formed on root primordia, wherein the culture substrate in the flowerpots is composed of 30-50 parts of mountain humus soil, 10-20 parts of river sand, 10-40 parts of a base fertilizer and 1-5 parts of sawdust by mass. Then the flowerpot is moved to a climatic chamber for cultivation, the illumination time is 8-12 h per day, the illumination intensity is 5000-; watering at proper time to maintain the water holding capacity of the matrix at 40-60%, culturing for 1-2 months, and forming 2-4 young leaves at the leaf bud.
Researches show that the optimal temperature of photosynthesis of the heptazoite in the seedling stage is 26-30 ℃, and the net photosynthetic rate is reduced rapidly after the optimal temperature exceeds 40 ℃. Further studies have shown that high temperatures cause optical compensation points, CO2The compensation points increase the saturation light intensity, the apparent quantum efficiency and the carboxylation efficiency are reduced, the light inhibition is enhanced, the photosynthetic capacity is reduced, meanwhile, the transpiration rate is increased, the water utilization efficiency of photosynthesis is reduced, and therefore, high temperature becomes an important limiting factor of photosynthesis.
I) Seedling culture: after 6-12 young leaves are grown in the artificial climate chamber, the young seedlings are moved to the outdoor for cultivation.
During the cultivation and management of the seedling stage of the seven-seed flowers, the shade can be properly shielded, the temperature of leaves is reduced, and the light inhibition is lightened, so that the photosynthetic rate is improved, and the growth of plants is promoted.
As a further improvement measure of the present invention, in the above cutting method for the seventy-ingredient flowers, in the step a, the remaining leaves are set to 2, and one half to two thirds of the leaves at the upper end of the remaining 2 leaves are cut off, and only one third to one half of the leaves at the base are left, so that the effect is also good, because the speed of the seventy-ingredient flowers growing at the adventitious roots is slow, and if the leaves remaining in the cutting slips are too large, the evaporation amount of water in the leaves is increased, the leaves are dehydrated more, and the cutting cannot survive, so that it is feasible to remove the excessive leaves and the excessive parts in the leaves.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the above cutting method for the cauliflower, in the step B, the disinfectant is set to be 0.15% carbendazim solution, and the cauliflower is disinfected in the carbendazim solution for 10 minutes and washed clean by clear water.
As a further improvement measure of the present invention, in the above cutting method of aeschynanthus chinensis, in the step C, the rooting solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-0.02 part of ABT1 root-inducing powder, 0.03-0.15 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.03-0.15 part of 1-naphthylacetic acid, 0.01-0.05 part of indoleacetic acid, 10-30 parts of ethanol, 0.1-0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.1-0.5 part of fulvic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of boric acid, 0.5-1 part of cane sugar, 0.5-3 parts of catechol, 0.01-0.05 part of 2, 4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.03-0.05 part of 6-benzylaminopurine and 80-100 parts of water.
The 6-benzylaminopurine is an artificial cytokinin, has the effects of promoting cell division and regulating differentiation, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, stability, easy use and the like, the ratio of the cytokinin to the auxin influences the differentiation of plant organs, and when the ratio of the 6-benzylaminopurine is low, the 6-benzylaminopurine is favorable for the differentiation of roots; in the invention, researches show that 6-benzylaminopurine is mixed and proportioned with the rooting solution and has a synergistic effect with the rooting solution, so that the differentiation and growth of the cell tissue at the base of the cutting shoot can be promoted, and the formation of the callus at the base of the cutting shoot of the heptagona can be quickly induced. By using the method, the cutting shoot can be stimulated to carry out cell division, so that the callus can be continuously divided and the daughter cells can be proliferated, and the cells with different shapes and functions can be generated in the callus, so that the cells can continuously grow to form root primordium, and the root primordium is further differentiated to form an adventitious root, thereby improving the survival rate of the cutting shoot.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the above cutting method of the aeschynanthus chinensis, in the step G, the fertilizer is set to be calcium superphosphate and monopotassium phosphate, and the calcium superphosphate and the monopotassium phosphate are beneficial to the absorption of the cutting slips and the rooting.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the above cutting method of the Aesculus hippocastanum, in the step G, the illumination intensity is set to 4000 lx to 8000 lx, and the illumination time is set to 10 to 12 hours per day. Because there is no illumination, it is not good for the secretion of auxin, proper illumination has a certain promotion action to the generation of auxin, so after the cutting of cutting shoot, it must provide a certain illumination, but because the cutting shoot has no nutrient-absorbing capacity before rooting and growing new leaf, the over-strong illumination can produce injury action to cutting shoot, and can too quickly consume water content in cutting shoot and nutrient of cutting shoot, also can affect the rooting of cutting shoot, so through the research, after the cutting of cutting shoot, the illumination intensity is 5000 + 10000 lx, it is a better method, the more proper illumination intensity is 4000 lx to 8000 lx, in addition, proper illumination can also inhibit the growth of mould, prevent the cutting shoot from rotting, proper illumination can also regulate the distribution of auxin.
The cutting shoot can form callus on the base part of the cutting shoot 20 to 30 days after cutting, the callus is the basis for differentiating to form adventitious roots, and a complete plant can be formed only by growing the adventitious roots and new leaves, so the step G is also the key step for judging whether the cutting of the cutting shoot is successful, and in the step, proper illumination and proper fertilization play an important role in forming the callus of the aeschynanthus chinensis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the method of the invention can inhibit the growth of mould and prevent the cutting from rotting; 2. the rooting solution is used for treatment, so that the generation of callus of the cauliflower is facilitated, the differentiation and growth of cell tissues are facilitated, and the formation and rapid growth of adventitious roots are facilitated; 3. by using the method, the growth of young leaves is facilitated, and the survival rate of cuttage is improved; 4. the method can rapidly and effectively propagate the heptagona japonica, and can better protect the specific endangered species of the heptagona japonica in China by expanding the population scale through artificial propagation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture of the cutting slips of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of callus formed at the base of the cutting.
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing callus formation of adventitious roots.
Fig. 4 is a picture of young leaf growth.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1: a cutting method of a cauliflower comprises the following specific steps: in the first ten days of 6 months, when the dew is not dry in the morning, 30 medium lignified branches of annual robust cauliflower with full bud eyes are cut, the scion is made, the length of the scion is 12cm, 2 leaves are left, and the lower part of the scion body is cut into an inclined plane; then placing the cutting slips into 0.15 percent carbendazim solution for disinfection treatment for 10 minutes, and washing the cutting slips clean with clear water; the lower one third part of the cutting is put into a rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica, and the rooting solution consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.02 part of ABT1 root-inducing powder, 0.05 part of indolebutyric acid (IBA), 0.05 part of 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.02 part of indoleacetic acid (IAA), 30 parts of ethanol, 0.1 part of salicylic acid, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, 0.1 part of boric acid, 1 part of sucrose, 0.5 part of catechol, 0.02 part of 2, 4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 100 parts of water (the components are called root-inducing solution I in the application), and the soaking time is 2 hours. By using the method, the cutting shoot can be stimulated to carry out cell division, so that the callus cells continue to grow to form root primordia, and the root primordia are further differentiated to form adventitious roots, thereby improving the survival rate of the cutting shoot.
In this embodiment, the illumination intensity is set to 5000 lx, since there is no illumination, which is not beneficial to the secretion of auxin, and the proper illumination has a certain promoting effect on the generation of auxin, a certain illumination needs to be provided after the cutting of the cutting shoot, but since the cutting shoot does not have the ability to absorb nutrients before rooting and new leaves growing, the excessively strong illumination may have a harmful effect on the cutting shoot, and may consume the moisture and nutrients in the cutting shoot too quickly, which may also affect the rooting of the cutting shoot.
In a phytotron, according to the mass portion, the mixture ratio of the substrate components is that, 60 portions of yellow loam, 10 portions of peat soil, 6 portions of river sand, 6 portions of sawdust, 8 portions of coconut coir and 10 portions of humus, 5 days before cuttage, chlorine dioxide solution is sprayed on the substrate soil; spraying a first rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica to the substrate 2 days before the cuttage; as shown in figure 1, the cutting which is subjected to the disinfection process and the root promoting treatment process of the cutting is inserted into the matrix, the insertion depth is 5cm, the matrix at the edge of the cutting is compacted, and the cutting is watered once; after 5 days of cutting, calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added in the matrix, and on the 10 th day, the whole plant is sprayed with water once again, and then is watered once a week, and the temperature and the humidity in a climatic chamber are controlled at 28 ℃ and 75%. The cutting shoot can form callus at the base part of the cutting shoot 30 days after cutting, as shown in figure 2, the callus is the basis for forming adventitious roots through differentiation, and a complete plant can be formed only by growing the adventitious roots and new leaves, so the step G is also the key step for judging whether the cutting of the cutting shoot is successful, and in the step, proper illumination and proper fertilization play an important role in forming the callus of the cauliflower.
As shown in fig. 3, after 50 days of culture in the substrate, 10 to 20 adventitious roots had formed in the root primordium of 25 shoot cuttings in total, and the adventitious root growth rate was 83.3%; as shown in fig. 4, the seedlings are transplanted into flowerpots, and the culture medium in the flowerpots comprises 40 parts of mountain humus soil, 15 parts of river sand, 40 parts of base fertilizer and 5 parts of sawdust by mass. Then moving the flowerpot into a climatic chamber for cultivation, wherein the illumination time is 10 hours per day, the illumination intensity is 7000 lx, the temperature is 27 ℃, and the relative humidity is 75%; watering at proper time to keep the water holding capacity of the matrix at 60%, culturing for 2 months to form 2-4 young leaves at the leaf bud without 4 branches with long leaves, and the survival rate of the cutting slips is 84.0%. And (3) continuously culturing the seedlings: after 12 young leaves are grown in the artificial climate room, the young seedlings are moved to the outdoor for cultivation. During the cultivation and management of the heptagona japonica in the seedling stage, the shade can be properly shielded, the leaf temperature is reduced, the light inhibition is relieved, the photosynthetic rate is improved, the plant growth is promoted, a normal plant is formed after one year, and in the embodiment, the overall survival rate is 73.3%. The invention is beneficial to the formation and the rapid growth of adventitious roots, the growth of young leaves and the improvement of the survival rate of cuttage; the method can rapidly and effectively propagate the heptagona japonica, and can better protect the specific endangered species of the heptagona japonica in China by artificially propagating and enlarging the population scale.
Example 2: a cutting method of a cauliflower comprises the following specific steps: in the late 5-month ten-day period, 30 annual thick and strong lignified branches with full bud eyes of the cauliflower are cut in the cloudy day, ear making is carried out, the ear length is 15cm, 2 leaves are left, and the lower part of an ear body is cut into an inclined plane; then placing the cutting slips into 0.15 percent carbendazim solution for disinfection treatment for 10 minutes, and washing the cutting slips clean with clear water; the lower one third part of the cutting is put into a rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica, and the rooting solution consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.01 part of ABT1 rooting powder, 0.03 part of indolebutyric acid (IBA), 0.03 part of 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.01 part of indoleacetic acid (IAA), 20 parts of ethanol, 0.2 part of salicylic acid, 0.3 part of fulvic acid, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.5 part of sucrose, 0.2 part of catechol, 0.01 part of 2, 4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.01 part of 6-benzylaminopurine and 100 parts of water, wherein the soaking time is 2 hours (the component is called rooting solution II in the application).
In a phytotron, according to the mass portion, the mixture ratio of the substrate components is that 50 portions of yellow loam, 15 portions of peat soil, 5 portions of river sand, 5 portions of sawdust, 5 portions of coconut coir and 20 portions of humus, and 500 times of carbendazim solution is sprayed on the substrate soil 5 days before cuttage; spraying a rooting solution II for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica to the substrate 2 days before the cuttage; inserting the cutting shoots subjected to the disinfection process and the root promoting treatment process of the cutting shoots into the matrix, wherein the insertion depth is 6 cm, compacting the matrix at the edges of the cutting shoots, and watering once; 4 days after cuttage, calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added into the matrix, and on the 12 th day, the whole plant is sprayed with water once again, and then is watered once a week, the temperature is controlled at 28 ℃ and the humidity is controlled at 85% in a climatic chamber. Culturing in a matrix for 60 days, wherein 10 to 20 adventitious roots are formed on 26 shoot cutting human root primordium, the growth rate of the adventitious roots accounts for 86.7 percent, removing 3 shoots which do not root, and then transplanting the seedlings into a flowerpot, wherein the culture matrix in the flowerpot comprises 50 parts of mountain humus soil, 15 parts of river sand, 30 parts of base fertilizer and 5 parts of sawdust by mass. Then moving the flowerpot into a climatic chamber for cultivation, wherein the illumination time is 8 hours per day, the illumination intensity is 7000 lx, the temperature is 28 ℃, and the relative humidity is 75%; watering at proper time to keep the water holding capacity of the matrix at 60%, culturing for 2 months, wherein most of the cutting shoots form 2 to 4 young leaves at the leaf buds, no new leaves grow, 3 branches with withered leaves exist, and the survival rate of the cutting shoots is 88.5%. The seedlings are cultured continuously, after more than 12 young leaves are grown in the artificial climate chamber, the seedlings are moved to the outside for cultivation, and after one year, normal plants are formed, and in the embodiment, the overall survival rate is 80%.
Example 3: by using a variable method, under the same other conditions, different auxins are used for promoting the rooting of the aesculus chinensis flower, 30 annual branches are used as branches for experiments for each auxin, and the rooting effect pairs of the aesculus chinensis flowers with different types of auxins are shown in the table one.
Watch 1
The experimental data of table one show that the effect of the first and second rooting liquids on the formation of adventitious roots of the heptagona japonica is obvious and effective.
Example 4: and (3) comparing the growth effects of the cuttings in the artificial climate chamber before the cuttings take root by applying a variable method under the same other conditions and using the rooting solution II, wherein the growth effects are shown in the table II.
Watch two
The experimental data of the second table show that the effect of the temperature in the artificial climate chamber on the formation of adventitious roots before the cutting shoots take root is obvious, the proper temperature is favorable for the formation of the adventitious roots, and the overhigh or overlow temperature influences the evaporation of water in leaves and is not favorable for the growth of the cutting shoots.
Example 5: and (3) comparing the growth effects of the cuttings in the artificial climate chamber before the cuttings take root by applying a variable method under the same other conditions and using the rooting solution II, as shown in the third table.
Watch III
The experimental data of the third table show that the illumination intensity in the artificial climate chamber has obvious effect on the formation of adventitious roots before the cutting shoots take root, the proper illumination intensity is favorable for the formation of the adventitious roots, and the illumination intensity is too strong or too weak, so that the evaporation of water in the leaves is influenced, and the growth of the cutting shoots is not favorable.
Example 6: and (3) comparing the growth effects of the cuttings according to the proportion of the matrix components in the artificial climate chamber before the cuttings take root by applying a variable method under the same other conditions and under the condition of using the rooting solution II, wherein the growth effects are shown in the fourth table.
Watch four
The experimental data of the table IV show that the effect of the matrix component proportion in the artificial climate chamber on the formation of the adventitious root before the cutting shoot takes root is obvious, and the proper matrix component proportion is favorable for the formation of the adventitious root.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the present invention, and these should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cutting method of a cauliflower is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A) collecting time and collecting position of the cutting: in the middle ten days of 5 months to 6 months, when rainy days or early dew is not dry, cutting a stout lignified branch with full bud eyes of an annual cauliflower, preparing spikes, wherein the length of the spikes is 10cm-15cm, 1 to 4 leaves are left, and the lower part of a spike body is cut into an inclined plane;
B) and (3) disinfection process of the cutting: putting the cutting into disinfectant for disinfection;
C) the root promoting treatment process of the cutting: washing the disinfected cutting slips with clear water, and soaking the lower one third of the cutting slips into a rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the cauliflower, wherein the rooting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-0.02 part of ABT1 root-inducing powder, 0.03-0.15 part of indolebutyric acid, 0.03-0.15 part of 1-naphthylacetic acid, 0.01-0.05 part of indoleacetic acid, 10-30 parts of ethanol, 0.1-0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.1-0.5 part of fulvic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of boric acid, 0.5-1 part of cane sugar, 0.5-3 parts of catechol, 0.01-0.05 part of 2, 4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.03-0.05 part of 6-benzylaminopurine and 80-100 parts of water, wherein the soaking time is set to be 1-2 hours;
D) proportioning a cuttage matrix: in a shading greenhouse, the matrix proportion of the cutting of the seventeen flowers is, by mass, 50-70 parts of yellow loam, 10-20 parts of peat soil, 1-5 parts of river sand, 1-5 parts of sawdust, 1-10 parts of coconut coir and 10-20 parts of humus;
E) matrix treatment before cuttage: spraying disinfectant solution 3-5 days before cuttage, wherein the disinfectant solution is 500 times of carbendazim solution or chlorine dioxide solution; spraying a rooting solution for promoting the rooting of the heptagona japonica to the substrate 1-2 days before cuttage;
F) cutting the cutting slips: inserting the cutting shoots subjected to the disinfection process and the root promoting treatment process of the cutting shoots into the matrix, wherein the insertion depth is 3-6 cm, compacting the matrix at the edges of the cutting shoots, and watering once;
G) managing the cuttings after cuttage: applying fertilizer in the matrix 4 to 5 days after cuttage, spraying water to the whole plant once again from 10 to 12 days, and then watering once a week, wherein the temperature in the artificial climate chamber is controlled to be 25 to 30 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 70 to 85 percent, the illumination intensity is set to be 2000 lx to 10000 lx, and the illumination time is set to be 8 to 12 hours every day;
H) transplanting the cutting: culturing in a matrix for 50-60 days, transplanting seedlings into a flowerpot after 10-20 adventitious roots are formed on a root primordium, and transplanting the seedlings into the flowerpot, wherein the culture matrix in the flowerpot is composed of 30-50 parts by mass of mountain humus soil, 10-20 parts by mass of river sand, 10-40 parts by mass of a base fertilizer and 1-5 parts by mass of sawdust, and then the flowerpot is moved into a phytotron for cultivation, the illumination time is 10-12 h per day, the illumination intensity is 5000 + 10000 lx, the temperature is 30-36 ℃, and the relative humidity is 70-80%; watering at proper time to maintain the water holding capacity of the matrix at 40-60%, culturing for 1-2 months to form 2-4 young leaves at the leaf buds;
I) seedling culture: when the cutting shoots grow into 6-12 young leaves in the artificial climate room, the young seedlings are moved to the outdoor for cultivation.
2. The heptagona cutting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step A, the remaining blades are set to be 2.
3. The heptagona cutting method according to claim 2, wherein: of the remaining 2 leaves, one third to one half of the base leaves, and one half to two thirds of the upper leaves are cut off.
4. The heptagona cutting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step B, the disinfectant is set to be 0.15% carbendazim solution, the disinfectant is disinfected in the carbendazim solution for 10 minutes, and the disinfectant is washed clean by clear water.
5. The heptagona cutting method according to claim 1, wherein: in step G, the fertilizer is provided as superphosphate and monopotassium phosphate.
6. The heptagona cutting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step G, the light intensity is set to 4000 lx to 8000 lx, and the light time is set to 10 to 12 hours per day.
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