CN111631112A - Lithocarpus polystachyus container seedling raising and seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method - Google Patents

Lithocarpus polystachyus container seedling raising and seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111631112A
CN111631112A CN202010514346.9A CN202010514346A CN111631112A CN 111631112 A CN111631112 A CN 111631112A CN 202010514346 A CN202010514346 A CN 202010514346A CN 111631112 A CN111631112 A CN 111631112A
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container
seedling raising
seedling
lithocarpus polystachyus
rehd
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厉月桥
何平
喻龙华
张华聪
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Subtropical Zone Forestry Experimental Center Chinese Academy Of Forestry
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Subtropical Zone Forestry Experimental Center Chinese Academy Of Forestry
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Priority to NL2028355A priority patent/NL2028355B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a container seedling culture substrate for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, and relates to the technical field of plant cultivation. The substrate comprises peat, a rice hull-wood chip mixture and yellow core soil; the volume ratio of the peat to the rice hull-wood dust mixture to the yellow core soil is (3-5): (6-2): (1-3). The invention also provides a container seedling raising method of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which is characterized in that the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd cutting seedlings are transplanted into non-woven fabric seedling raising container bags added with seedling raising substrates and slow release fertilizers for cultivation. According to the invention, by adjusting the proportion of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd container seedling culture medium, the application amount of the slow release fertilizer and the specification of the culture container, the growth indexes of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd container seedling, such as seedling height, ground diameter, height-diameter ratio, aboveground biomass, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, total biomass and the like, are improved, and a scientific basis is provided for the culture of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd high-quality container seedling.

Description

Lithocarpus polystachyus container seedling raising and seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a container seedling raising substrate for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd and a seedling raising method.
Background
Lithocarpus polystachyus (Lithocarpus polystachyus), also known as Lithocarpus litseifolius and Rubus suavissimus, is a tree species of Quercus of Fagaceae, and is mainly distributed in the south provinces of Yangtze river in China. Traditionally, lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is collected in folks to prepare tea leaves, and the drinking history is long. Modern medicine proves that lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is rich in various nutrient substances, trace elements and vitamins necessary for human bodies, phlorizin, trilobatin and flavonoids are main bioactive components of the lithocarpus rehd, and the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd has the functions of eliminating inflammation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and blood fat and preventing and treating diabetes. Since the Lithocarpus polystachyus Hayata utilizes wild resources, the natural habitat is damaged along with the increase of the resource consumption, and the wild resources are sharply reduced. Therefore, the development of artificial breeding and cultivation of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd is necessary for the conservation of Lithocarpus Rehd natural species and the satisfaction of the future high-quality raw material requirement.
At present, the research on the artificial cultivation of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is just started, and mainly focuses on the aspects of the cutting seedling raising technology of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, the research on the survival of seedlings by planting density and illumination and the growth of young forests. Compared with common bare-rooted seedlings, the container seedling culture technology for forest trees has the advantages of developed root systems, easiness in carrying, long forestation seasons, high survival rate, suitability for difficult in-place forestation and the like, and corresponding container seedling culture experiments are carried out on oak species such as Quercus, Quercus suber, Quercus simplex, Quercus robur and the like, so that a good effect is achieved, for example, the breast diameter of American black oak container seedlings cultured by an RPM (revolution speed) culture technology can reach 2.5 times of that of the common bare-rooted seedlings after 10 years of forestation. The lithocarpus polystachyus rehd has the characteristics of typical Fagaceae tree species, the main root of a seedling is developed, the lateral root is rare, the afforestation survival rate is low, and the growth is slow. The cultivation of large-size container seedlings is beneficial to improving the morphological quality and the nutrient reservoir level in tissues, and is beneficial to improving the survival rate of afforestation and promoting the growth of forest stands. But relatively few researches are carried out on the aspect of culturing large-size container seedlings of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedlings, the research on the container seedling cultivation technology of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a container seedling substrate and a seedling method for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which can improve growth indexes of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd container seedlings, such as seedling height, ground diameter, height-diameter ratio, aboveground biomass, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, total biomass and the like, and provide scientific basis for culturing high-quality container seedlings of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a container seedling culture medium for Lithocarpus polystachyus (Rehd.) Rehd comprises peat, rice hull-wood dust mixture and yellow core soil; the volume ratio of the peat, the rice hull-wood dust mixture and the yellow core soil is (3-5): (6-2): (1-3).
Preferably, the rice hull-wood chip mixture comprises decomposed rice hulls and decomposed wood chips; the volume ratio of the decomposed rice hulls to the decomposed wood chips is (1-1.5): 1.
The invention also provides a container seedling method of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which comprises the following steps:
transplanting the cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus into a seedling container for cultivation; the seedling culture container bag is filled with the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedling culture substrate and the slow release fertilizer.
Preferably, the cutting seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd are 1-year-old cutting seedlings.
Preferably, the seedling culture substrate and the slow release fertilizer are mixed, filtered and then placed into the seedling culture container.
More preferably, the filtration is screen filtration, and the aperture of the screen filtration is 0.8 cm-1.5 cm.
Preferably, the seedling container is a seedling bag, and the specification of the seedling bag is 10cm × 15 cm-15 cm × 20cm in terms of diameter and length.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the slow release fertilizer to the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture container is (2.0-4.0) kg: (0.9 to 1.1) m3。
Preferably, the slow release fertilizer is a long-acting controlled release fertilizer.
More preferably, the slow release fertilizer comprises effective elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is (2-4): (1-2): 1-3).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a container seedling substrate of Lithocarpus polystachyus (rehd.) Rehd and a seedling method thereof, which improve the seedling height, ground diameter, height-diameter ratio, aboveground biomass, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, total biomass and other growth indexes of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd container seedlings by adjusting the proportion of the container seedling substrate of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, the application amount of a slow release fertilizer and the specification of a cultivation container, improve the seedling quality of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, and provide scientific basis for the cultivation of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd high.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a container seedling substrate for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which comprises peat, a rice hull-wood dust mixture and yellow core soil; the volume ratio of the peat, the rice hull-wood dust mixture and the yellow core soil is (3-5): (6-2): (1-3).
In the invention, the volume ratio of the peat, the rice hull-wood dust mixture and the yellow core soil is (3-5): (6-2): (1-3), preferably 3:6: 1.
In the present invention, the peat can be reasonably selected according to different regions, the source of the peat is not particularly limited, and peat of known sources can be applied to the present invention. In a particular embodiment of the invention is preferably domestic northeast peat.
In the present invention, the rice hull-wood chips mixture preferably comprises decomposed rice hulls and decomposed wood chips. The volume ratio of the decomposed rice hulls to the decomposed wood chips is preferably (1-1.5): 1. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the rice hulls and the wood chips can be reasonably selected according to different regions and the difficulty of obtaining, and the rice hulls and the wood chips in the Jiangxi are preferably selected in the invention.
The invention also provides a container seedling method of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which comprises the following steps: transplanting the cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus into a seedling container for cultivation; the seedling culture container bag is filled with the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedling culture substrate and the slow release fertilizer.
In the invention, the cutting seedling of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is preferably a 1-year-old cutting seedling. The method has no special requirements on the source and the growth condition of the cutting seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, and preferably has no plant diseases and insect pests and no mechanical damage. In the embodiment of the invention, the cutting seedlings are preferably 1-year-old cutting seedlings with consistent growth of seed sources in the west and the river.
In the invention, the seedling substrate and the slow release fertilizer are mixed, filtered and then put into the seedling container. The filtration is preferably screen filtration; the aperture of the screen filtration is preferably 0.8cm to 1.5cm, and more preferably 1 cm. The mixing and sieving method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a mixing and sieving method which is conventional in the art may be employed.
In the invention, the seedling raising container is preferably a seedling raising bag; the specification of the seedling raising bag is preferably 10cm multiplied by 15cm to 15cm multiplied by 20cm in diameter multiplied by length. The source and material of the seedling raising bag are not particularly limited, and in the specific embodiment of the invention, the seedling raising bag is preferably a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag which is generally called as production in Anhui province.
In the invention, the mass volume ratio of the slow release fertilizer to the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture container is preferably (2.0-4.0) kg: (0.9 to 1.1) m3More preferably 3.0 kg: 1m3. In the invention, the slow release fertilizer is preferably a long-acting controlled release fertilizer. The slow release fertilizer preferably comprises effective elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the mass ratio of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is preferably (2-4): (1-2): 1-3), and more preferably 3:1: 2. The source of the slow release fertilizer is not particularly limited, and the slow release fertilizer from the existing known source can be applied to the invention. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the slow release fertilizer is preferably an American Aibess APEX long-acting controlled release fertilizer.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples for better understanding the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The cutting seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd are cultivated in seedling cultivation containers with the diameter and the length of 15cm × 20cm, seedling cultivation media in the seedling cultivation containers are respectively set to be A1 that peat, a rice hull-wood chip mixture and yellow core soil are 3:6:1, A2 that peat, a rice hull-wood chip mixture and yellow core soil are 4:4:2, A3 that peat, a rice hull-wood chip mixture and yellow core soil are 5:2:3, and the seedling cultivation media are arranged in each 1m seedling cultivation container33.0kg of slow release fertilizer is added into the matrixThe following table 1 can be obtained by measuring the growth index of the container seedling of Lithocarpus polystachyus.
TABLE 1 influence of different substrate ratios on the growth index of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd container seedlings
Figure BDA0002529434410000041
As can be seen from table 1, different ratios of the substrates have different effects on the growth index of the container seedlings of lithocarpus polystachyus, wherein the ratio of a 3: when peat, the mixture of rice hulls and sawdust and yellow core soil are used as seedling culture substrates, the growth indexes of the container seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd are high.
Example 2
Cultivating Lithocarpus polystachyus (Rehd.) Rehd cutting seedlings in seedling container with diameter and length of C1: 5cm × 10cm, C2: 10cm × 15cm and C3: 15cm × 20cm, wherein the seedling medium in the seedling container is peat, rice husk-wood dust mixture and yellow core soil of 5:2:3, and each 1m32.0kg of slow release fertilizer is added into the substrate, and the following table 2 can be obtained by measuring the growth index of the container seedling of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.
TABLE 2 influence of different bag sizes on the growth index of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd container seedlings
Figure BDA0002529434410000051
As can be seen from Table 2, different specifications of the seedling raising bags have different effects on the growth indexes of the container seedlings of Lithocarpus polystachyus, wherein the growth indexes of the container seedlings of Lithocarpus polystachyus are higher when the seedling raising bags with the diameters and lengths of 15cm multiplied by 20cm are used as the seedling raising containers.
Example 3
Cultivating Lithocarpus polystachyus (Rehd.) Rehd cutting seedlings in seedling container with diameter and length of 15cm × 20cm, wherein the seedling medium in the seedling container is peat, rice hull-wood dust mixture and yellow core soil at a ratio of 5:2:3, respectively, in each 1m3Addition to the base material B1: 2.0 kg; b2: 3.0 kg; b3: 4.0kg of slow release fertilizer, and the following table 3 can be obtained by measuring the growth indexes of the container seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.
TABLE 3 influence of different slow-release fertilizer dosages on the growth index of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd container seedlings
Figure BDA0002529434410000052
As can be seen from Table 3, the amounts of the slow release fertilizers had different effects on the growth indexes of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd container seedlings, wherein the amount of the slow release fertilizer was 4.0kg/m3When the substrate is used, the growth index of the container seedlings of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is higher.
Example 4
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 3:6:1 are mixed with 4.0kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter of × and the length of 15cm × 20cm, 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag and are placed on the ground of seedling raising pergola seedlings, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is frequently loosened, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the wall of the container and entering the soil.
Example 5
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in volume ratio of 5:2:3 are mixed with 4.0kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter and the length of 15cm × 20cm, the 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag, the container bag is placed on the ground of the seedlings of a seedling raising shadow shed, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is loosened frequently, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the wall of the container and entering the soil.
Example 6
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 4:4:2 are mixed with 3.0kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter and the length of 10cm × 15cm, the 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag, the container bag is placed on the ground of the seedlings of a seedling raising shadow shed, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is loosened frequently, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the container wall and entering the soil.
Example 7
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 4:4:2 are mixed with 2.0kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter and the length of 15cm × 20cm, the 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag, the container bag is placed on the ground of the seedlings of a seedling raising shadow shed, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is loosened frequently, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the wall of the container and entering the soil.
Comparative example 1
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 2:8:0 are mixed with 2.0kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the matrix is mechanically stirred uniformly, filtered by a 1cm screen and then filled into a non-woven seedling container bag with the diameter and the length of 5cm × 10cmIn (1). Transplanting the Lithocarpus polystachyus 1-year-old cutting seedlings into the container bag, placing the container bag on the seedling ground of a seedling raising shed, spraying water in time to keep the matrix wet, frequently loosening a seedling raising matrix tray, and preventing the root system from penetrating through the container wall and entering the soil.
Comparative example 2
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 2:8:0 are mixed with 1.5kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter and the length of 10cm × 15cm, the 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag, the container bag is placed on the ground of the seedlings of a seedling raising shadow shed, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is loosened frequently, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the container wall and entering the soil.
Comparative example 3
A central seedling raising base of the Yangtze academy of China forest academy of sciences in Bingxi province, county, China is selected as an experimental land, a steel frame greenhouse structure is arranged as a shading shed of the seedling raising base, the height of the greenhouse is 2.4m, an automatic sprinkling irrigation facility is installed, and the transmittance of an upper shading net is 70%.
In late 3 months in 2018, peat, the mixture of rice husk and wood dust and yellow soil in a volume ratio of 3:6:1 are mixed with 1.5kg/m of matrix3The slow release fertilizer of the substrate is mechanically stirred uniformly, a 1cm screen is used for filtering and then is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising container bag with the diameter and the length of 5cm × 10cm, the 1-year-old cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd are transplanted into the container bag, the container bag is placed on the ground of the seedlings of a seedling raising shadow shed, water is sprayed in time to keep the substrate wet, a seedling raising substrate tray is loosened frequently, and the root system is prevented from penetrating through the wall of the container and entering the soil.
Example 8
In 12 months in 2018, after the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd seedlings in examples 4-7 and comparative examples 1-3 stop growing, measuring the plant height and ground diameter of all seedlings in each example, and calculating the height-diameter ratio; the ground diameter is measured by a digital vernier caliper, the plant height is measured by a measuring tape, and the height-diameter ratio is calculated by the following formula: the height-diameter ratio is equal to the plant height/ground diameter.
In examples 4-7 and comparative examples 1-3, 10 healthy plants were randomly selected and the biomass of the seedlings was determined. When in biological measurement, the nursery stock of each embodiment is divided into root, stem and leaf 3 parts, after deactivation of enzymes at 105 ℃ for 2h, the nursery stock is dried in a constant temperature oven at 80 ℃ to constant weight, the biomass of each part is measured by an electronic balance, and the ratio of root to cap is calculated by the following formula: root-crown ratio aboveground biomass/underground biomass. Further, the root length, root surface area, root diameter, root volume and number of root tips of the plants were measured with a WinRHIZO root system scanner to obtain tables 4 and 5.
TABLE 4 seedling growth indexes of Lithocarpus polystachyus in different examples
Figure BDA0002529434410000081
TABLE 5 root system index of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd seedlings in different examples
Figure BDA0002529434410000091
As can be seen from the above tables 4 and 5, the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedling raising method described in embodiments 4 to 7 of the present invention can significantly improve the growth performance of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedlings, is beneficial to improving root system indexes of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedlings, and provides scientific basis for high-quality container seedling cultivation of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.
Example 9
The seedling raising indexes of the different seedling raising methods of the embodiments 4 to 7 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are comprehensively evaluated by adopting a membership function method, and a table 6 is obtained.
The data processing and statistical analysis adopts WPS Excel to carry out the statistics of basic data, SPSS 22.0 statistical software is used to carry out a membership function, and the calculation formula of the membership function is as follows: u (x)i)＝(xi-xmin)/(xmax-xmin) In the formula: x is the number ofiAs an index measurement value, xmaxIs the maximum value of a certain treatment index, xminIs the minimum value of a certain treatment index.
TABLE 6 membership function evaluation of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd container seedling growth and nutritional index in various examples
Figure BDA0002529434410000092
As can be seen from Table 6, the overall average membership function value of example 4 is 0.7712 at most, the average membership function values of the growth and root system indexes are 0.8964 and 0.646 respectively, and ranking 1 shows the best seedling raising effect. Meanwhile, the results show that when the Lithocarpus polystachyus (rehd) Rehd is cultivated, the optimum seedling substrate proportion, the slow release fertilizer dosage and the specification of the seedling cultivation bag are respectively selected as seedling cultivation conditions, the seedling cultivation effect of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd container seedling is not necessarily the best, the seedling substrate proportion, the slow release fertilizer dosage and the specification of the seedling cultivation bag are mutually influenced, and the seedling cultivation effect of the Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is jointly determined.
According to the embodiment, the container seedling culture method of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd can obviously improve the growth indexes of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd seedlings, and the growth indexes of the seedling height, the ground diameter, the height-diameter ratio, the aboveground biomass, the root biomass, the stem biomass, the leaf biomass and the total biomass are respectively improved by 0.49-5.25 times. Meanwhile, the method is beneficial to improving the root system index of the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd seedlings, wherein the volume and the number of root tips are respectively improved by 2.48 and 2.62 times, and scientific basis is provided for cultivating the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd high-quality container seedlings.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A container seedling culture substrate for Lithocarpus polystachyus (Rehd.) Rehd is characterized by comprising peat, a rice hull-wood dust mixture and yellow core soil; the volume ratio of the peat, the rice hull-wood dust mixture and the yellow core soil is (3-5): (6-2): (1-3).
2. The container seedling substrate of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rice hull-wood chip mixture comprises decomposed rice hulls and decomposed wood chips; the volume ratio of the decomposed rice hulls to the decomposed wood chips is (1-1.5): 1.
3. A container seedling raising method for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is characterized by comprising the following steps:
transplanting the cuttage seedlings of the Lithocarpus polystachyus into a seedling container for cultivation; a seedling raising substrate and a slow release fertilizer according to claim 1 are contained in the seedling raising container.
4. A seedling raising method according to claim 3, wherein the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd cutting seedling is a 1-year-old cutting seedling.
5. A seedling raising method according to claim 3, wherein the seedling raising substrate and the slow release fertilizer are mixed, filtered and then filled in the seedling raising container.
6. A method for raising seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that the filtration is screen filtration, and the aperture of the screen filtration is 0.8cm to 1.5 cm.
7. A seedling raising method according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the seedling raising container is a seedling raising bag having a size of 10cm x 15cm to 15c m x 20cm in diameter x length.
8. A seedling raising method according to claim 3, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the slow-release fertilizer to the seedling raising substrate in the seedling raising container is (2.0-4.0) kg: (0.9 to 1.1) m3。
9. A method for growing seedlings according to claim 8 in which the slow release fertilizer is a long acting controlled release fertilizer.
10. A seedling raising method according to claim 9, characterized in that the slow release fertilizer comprises effective elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is (2-4): (1-2): 1-3).
CN202010514346.9A 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Lithocarpus polystachyus container seedling raising and seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method Pending CN111631112A (en)

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