CN113603521B - Soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting - Google Patents
Soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113603521B CN113603521B CN202110928430.XA CN202110928430A CN113603521B CN 113603521 B CN113603521 B CN 113603521B CN 202110928430 A CN202110928430 A CN 202110928430A CN 113603521 B CN113603521 B CN 113603521B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cuttage of tea trees and indoor planting in artificial light, which comprises the following nutrient components: 1.4-1.8mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05-0.08mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.6-0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.5-0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.2-0.3mmol/L of magnesium, 0.5-0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9-2.0 mu mol/L of iron, 4-5 mu mol/L of manganese, 3-4 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7-0.8 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4-0.6 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.1-1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.3-0.4 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.2-0.4 mu mol/L of copper. The tea tree nutrient solution provided by the invention can promote the growth of the root system of a tea tree, so that the transplanting survival rate of tea tree seedlings is improved, the newly transplanted tea seedlings can take root in 10 days as soon as possible by using the nutrient solution, new buds emerge in about 20 days, the rooting rate of the newly transplanted tea seedlings reaches 100% after 40-45 days of culture, the length of new branches is obviously greater than that of the tea seedlings cultured by using the existing formula, the rooting effect in deep liquid culture and fog culture is obvious, the tea seedlings grow better, the roots are more white and tender, inorganic substances in the nutrient solution can be directly absorbed by the root system, and the utilization efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting.
Background
The tea is an important economic crop in China and has very high medicinal value and economic value. With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, higher requirements are put forward on the quality of crops, especially tea. The tea tree has extremely strict requirements on soil, particularly soil pH and soil organic matters, and the soil needs to be improved in order to ensure the excellent quality of the tea. At present, soilless culture research of tea trees is also developed for solving the problems faced by soil culture. The artificial light indoor cultivation can realize the high-efficiency production of the tea trees by controlling the substrate, illumination, nutrient solution, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and the like in the growth process of the tea trees for accurate control. The research and development of the nutrient solution suitable for the soilless culture of the tea trees have important significance. At present, nutrient solution products and formulas which can be effectively used for soilless culture of tea trees are not available in the market, and the tea tree nutrient solution suitable for artificial light indoor culture is not researched yet. Some of the common nutrient formulations commonly used in hydroponics of plants are also not suitable for tea plant growth.
At present, the water culture of tea trees has two forms, namely rooting and sprouting through seed induction and transplanting seedlings from a nursery garden. As the tea trees of a plurality of excellent varieties have low bearing rate, most of the tea trees are transplanted into seedlings for water culture in an asexual propagation mode, but the transplanting and cleaning processes inevitably cause great damage to the root system. Tea tree water planting mainly faces the problems of low survival rate, long rooting time, small root growth amount, root rot phenomenon in long-time water planting and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cuttage of tea trees and artificial indoor planting of the tea trees. The nutrient solution has wide applicability, and is suitable for rockwool matrix culture, gas spray culture, deep liquid and shallow liquid type water culture and other soilless culture modes. Meanwhile, the tea tree cultivation nutrient solution disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the content of amino acid and soluble sugar in the produced tea is high, and the nutrition and health care effects of the tea are enhanced.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cuttage and indoor artificial light planting of tea trees, which comprises the following nutrient components: 1.4-1.8mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05-0.08mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.6-0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.5-0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.2-0.3mmol/L of magnesium, 0.5-0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9-2.0 mu mol/L of iron, 4-5 mu mol/L of manganese, 3-4 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7-0.8 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4-0.6 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.1-1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.3-0.4 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.2-0.4 mu mol/L of copper.
Preferably, the tea tree nutrient solution has a pH value of 4.5-5.0.
Preferably, the ratio of sulfur to chlorine in the tea tree nutrient solution is 3-4: 1.
Preferably, the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials: aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ferric EDTA, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the tea tree nutrient solution, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing a solid nutrient solution A: according to the formula, aluminum chloride hexahydrate or aluminum sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate and EDTA ferric salt are weighed according to the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixed and placed at room temperature for later use;
2) preparing a solid nutrient solution B: according to the formula, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate are weighed according to the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixed and placed at room temperature for later use;
3) preparing a solid nutrient solution C: weighing calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride according to the formula and the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixing, and standing at room temperature for later use;
4) when in use, the solid nutrient solution A, the solid nutrient solution B and the solid nutrient solution C are respectively dissolved in RO water to prepare a mother solution A, a mother solution B and a mother solution C, and the mother solution A, the mother solution B and the mother solution C are placed at room temperature for standby.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tea tree nutrient solution provided by the invention can promote the growth of the root system of a tea tree, so that the transplanting survival rate of tea tree seedlings is improved, the newly transplanted tea seedlings can take root in 10 days as soon as possible by using the nutrient solution, new buds emerge in about 20 days, the rooting rate of the newly transplanted tea seedlings reaches 100% after 40-45 days of culture, the length of new branches is obviously greater than that of the tea seedlings cultured by using the existing formula, the rooting effect in deep liquid culture and fog culture is obvious, the tea seedlings grow better, the roots are more white and tender, inorganic substances in the nutrient solution can be directly absorbed by the root system, and the utilization efficiency is higher.
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FIG. 1 shows the rooting of tea seedlings in different cultivation modes in example 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1
The soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting comprises the following nutrient components: 1.43mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.06mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.6mmol/L of potassium, 0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.3mmol/L of magnesium, 0.5mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9 mu mol/L of iron, 4 mu mol/L of manganese, 4 mu mol/L of boron, 0.8 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.6 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.4 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.4 mu mol/L of copper. The pH value of the nutrient solution is adjusted to about 5, the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 >, and the space temperature is constant about 25 ℃; under the condition of humidity of about 70%, the average length of new roots of the tea tree cutting seedlings after 2 months of culture is 10.33 cm, and the tea seedlings grow well.
Example 2
The soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting comprises the following nutrient components: 1.4mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.49mmol/L of calcium, 0.24mmol/L of magnesium, 0.5mmol/L of aluminum, 2.0 mu mol/L of iron, 5 mu mol/L of manganese, 3 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.14mmol/L of sulfur, 0.35 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.2 mu mol/L of copper. The pH value of the nutrient solution is adjusted to about 5, the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 >, and the space temperature is constant about 25 ℃; under the condition of humidity of about 70%, the average length of new roots of the tea tree cutting seedlings after 2 months of culture is 17.33 cm, and the tea seedlings grow well.
Embodiment 3
The soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting comprises the following nutrient components: 1.83mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.08mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.6mmol/L of potassium, 0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.2mmol/L of magnesium, 0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 2.0 mu mol/L of iron, 4 mu mol/L of manganese, 3 mu mol/L of boron, 0.73 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.1mmol/L of sulfur, 0.3 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.27 mu mol/L of copper. The pH value of the nutrient solution is adjusted to about 5, the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 >, and the space temperature is constant about 25 ℃; under the condition of humidity of about 70%, the average length of new roots of the tea tree cutting seedlings after 2 months of culture is 11.43 cm, and the tea seedlings grow well.
Example 4
The soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting comprises the following nutrient components: 1.6mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.24mmol/L of magnesium, 0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9 mu mol/L of iron, 4.4 mu mol/L of manganese, 3.2 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.35 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.2 mu mol/L of copper. The pH value of the nutrient solution is adjusted to about 5, the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 >, and the space temperature is constant about 25 ℃; under the condition that the humidity is about 70%, after 40 days of culture, the average number of new roots of the tea tree cutting seedlings is 8.38, and the rooting rate is 100%.
Example 5
The soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting comprises the following nutrient components: 1.6mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.70mmol/L of calcium, 0.24mmol/L of magnesium, 0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9 mu mol/L of iron, 4.4 mu mol/L of manganese, 3.2 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.35mmol/L of chlorine and 0.2 mu mol/L of copper. Adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution to 4.5 and 5.0 respectively, and simultaneously cultivating the tea seedlings under the conditions that the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 > and the space temperature is constant at about 25 ℃; under the condition of humidity of about 70%, various growth indexes are investigated after 30 days of culture. As shown in Table 1, the tea seedlings planted at pH 4.5 of the nutrient solution showed the best growth effect.
TABLE 1 rooting of different aluminium compounds, pH treated tea shoots
| pH value | New number of roots/number | Longest root length cm |
| 4.5 | 42.67 | 7.33 |
| 5 | 16.33 | 2.37 |
Example 6
The tea tree seedlings are planted by using the nutrient solution in the example 1 and the reported tea tree planting nutrient solution or the nutrient solution for soilless culture in the formulas of xiao xi mao yi, aerosol culture, improved Hoagland and Zhejiang. Under the condition that the light intensity is about 150 mu mol m < -2 > s < -1 >, the space temperature is constant about 25 ℃; under the condition of humidity of about 70%, various growth indexes are investigated after 90 days of culture. As shown in Table 2, example 1 showed the best rooting and the largest number of new shoots.
TABLE 2 growth of great Chinese tea seedlings with Fuding treated by different nutrient solution formulas
| Formulation of | Rooting rate | Longest root length (cm) | Number of new branches |
| Example 1 | 100％ | 11.75 | 2.50 |
| Xiaoximaoyan prescription[1] | 61.5％ | 9.65 | 1.00 |
| Nutrient solution formula for aeroponics tea seedlings[2] | 83.5％ | 11.43 | 2.00 |
| Improved Hoagland's formulation | 43％ | 9.38 | 1.75 |
| Zhejiang tea tree formula[3][4] | 81.3％ | 9.73 | 2.00 |
Example 7
The tea trees are planted by the nutrient solution in the embodiment 3 under different cultivation modes, and are planted for 20-60 days respectively by adopting different modes such as static liquid cultivation, rock wool cultivation, deep liquid flow cultivation, aerial fog cultivation and the like, the rooting condition of the tea trees under the four cultivation modes shown in figure 1 is good, and the rooting condition of the deep liquid flow cultivation and the aerial fog cultivation is best.
Example 8
Tea trees of Tieguanyin, Fuding Dabai, Dangui, narcissus, 305 and other varieties are planted with the nutrient solution of example 4, pH 4.5 and light intensity 250 μmol m-2s-1Picking tea leaves under the conditions that the space temperature is constant at about 25 ℃ and the humidity is about 70 percent, processing the tea leaves by the same manufacturing process to respectively manufacture Tieguanyin, white tea and rock tea samples, comparing the Tieguanyin, white tea and rock tea samples with the tea samples manufactured by the same tea maker master in the same year, and respectively measuring the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar.
As shown in Table 3, the amino acid content and the soluble sugar content of the tea planted in the nutrient solution of the example 4 are generally higher than those of the control, and the tea shows better quality.
TABLE 3 comparison of amino acid and soluble sugar contents of tea leaves treated differently
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A soilless culture nutrient solution suitable for cuttage of tea trees and indoor planting of artificial light is characterized by comprising the following nutrient components: 1.4-1.8mmol/L of nitrogen, 0.05-0.08mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.6-0.8mmol/L of potassium, 0.5-0.7mmol/L of calcium, 0.2-0.3mmol/L of magnesium, 0.5-0.6mmol/L of aluminum, 1.9-2.0 mu mol/L of iron, 4-5 mu mol/L of manganese, 3-4 mu mol/L of boron, 0.7-0.8 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.4-0.6 mu mol/L of molybdenum, 1.1-1.3mmol/L of sulfur, 0.3-0.4 mu mol/L of chlorine and 0.2-0.4 mu mol/L of copper; the pH value of the tea tree nutrient solution is 4.5-5.0.
2. The soilless culture nutrient solution for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of sulfur and chlorine in the nutrient solution for tea tree is 3-4: 1.
3. The soilless culture nutrient solution for tea tree cuttage and artificial light indoor planting according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials: aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ferric EDTA, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate.
4. A process for the preparation of a soilless culture nutrient solution adapted for tea tree cutting and artificial indoor lighting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a solid nutrient solution A: according to the formula, aluminum chloride hexahydrate or aluminum sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate and EDTA ferric salt are weighed according to the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixed and placed at room temperature for later use;
2) preparing a solid nutrient solution B: according to the formula, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate are weighed according to the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixed and placed at room temperature for later use;
3) preparing a solid nutrient solution C: weighing calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride according to the formula and the amount of 200-400 times, uniformly mixing, and standing at room temperature for later use;
4) when in use, the solid nutrient solution A, the solid nutrient solution B and the solid nutrient solution C are respectively dissolved in RO water to prepare a mother solution A, a mother solution B and a mother solution C, and the mother solution A, the mother solution B and the mother solution C are placed at room temperature for standby.
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| CN114532198B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-03-28 | 贵州大学 | Water culture cutting rooting method for tea tree vegetative propagation |
| CN114902882A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-16 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Cutting seedling method for enhancing rooting capacity of tea trees |
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| CN102992848A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-27 | 金陵科技学院 | Tea tree hardwood cutting seedling nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2005304485A (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2005-11-04 | Yukie Matsumoto | Method for preparing culture solution for hydroponics |
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