CN1113053C - 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 - Google Patents
环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1113053C CN1113053C CN97198043A CN97198043A CN1113053C CN 1113053 C CN1113053 C CN 1113053C CN 97198043 A CN97198043 A CN 97198043A CN 97198043 A CN97198043 A CN 97198043A CN 1113053 C CN1113053 C CN 1113053C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- compound
- formula
- methyl
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/38—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D303/40—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals by ester radicals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
- B05B7/1209—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling means for each liquid or other fluent material being manual and interdependent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/04—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
- C07C227/06—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid
- C07C227/08—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid by reaction of ammonia or amines with acids containing functional groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D203/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D203/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/701,942 | 1996-08-23 | ||
US08/701,942 US5859284A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1996-08-23 | Preparation of carbocyclic compounds |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB021575436A Division CN1200924C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 2002-12-20 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1230946A CN1230946A (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
CN1113053C true CN1113053C (zh) | 2003-07-02 |
Family
ID=24819303
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN97198043A Expired - Lifetime CN1113053C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-22 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
CNB2005100595770A Expired - Lifetime CN100352814C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-22 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
CNB021575436A Expired - Lifetime CN1200924C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 2002-12-20 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2005100595770A Expired - Lifetime CN100352814C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 1997-08-22 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
CNB021575436A Expired - Lifetime CN1200924C (zh) | 1996-08-23 | 2002-12-20 | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US5859284A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100564891B1 (zh) |
CN (3) | CN1113053C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2263136C (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ333991A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100357284C (zh) * | 2003-09-11 | 2007-12-26 | 浙江海正药业股份有限公司 | 抗流感病毒化合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN109890790A (zh) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-06-14 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | 一种奥司他韦及其异构体的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR9607098B8 (pt) | 1995-02-27 | 2014-11-18 | Gilead Sciences Inc | Composto e composição farmacêutica. |
US6518438B2 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2003-02-11 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Preparation of cyclohexene carboxylate derivatives |
US5859284A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1999-01-12 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Preparation of carbocyclic compounds |
US5994377A (en) | 1996-10-21 | 1999-11-30 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Piperidine compounds |
US20040053999A1 (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 2004-03-18 | Bischofberger Norbert W. | Novel compounds and methods for synthesis and therapy |
ES2198244T3 (es) | 1999-06-11 | 2004-02-01 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Procedimiento para la preparacion de inhibidor ro-64-0796 de la neuraminidasa. |
US6593314B1 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2003-07-15 | Abbott Laboratories | Neuraminidase inhibitors |
US6462226B1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2002-10-08 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Process for the preparation of 4,5-diamino shikimic acid derivatives |
US7122684B2 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2006-10-17 | Roche Colorado Corporation | Process for preparing 1,2-diamino compounds |
US20080009639A1 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2008-01-10 | Apotex Pharmachem Inc. | Preparation of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) and intermediates starting from D-glucose or D-xylose |
US8334319B2 (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2012-12-18 | Roche Palo Alto Llc | Polymorphic forms of oseltamivir phosphate |
JP5925760B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 株式会社糖鎖工学研究所 | シアリル糖鎖を有する糖ペプチドの製造方法、当該製造方法に使用するシアリル糖鎖付加アミノ酸誘導体、及び当該糖ペプチド |
CN104761464B (zh) * | 2014-01-03 | 2017-08-04 | 陈惠民 | 一种奎尼酸衍生物、其制程及其用途 |
CN111875516B (zh) * | 2016-07-28 | 2023-06-09 | 上海爱科百发生物医药技术股份有限公司 | 奥司他韦羧酸盐酸盐及其雾化剂的制备方法 |
CN108047076B (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-05-08 | 杭州新博思生物医药有限公司 | 一种奥司他韦对映异构体的制备方法 |
CN110194728B (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-04-30 | 湖南华腾制药有限公司 | 磷酸奥司他韦中间体的连续化合成方法 |
CN115417783A (zh) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-12-02 | 苏州匠化生物科技有限公司 | 一种合成奥司他韦对映异构体的方法 |
Family Cites Families (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4968788A (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1990-11-06 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Biologically reversible phosphate and phosphonate protective gruops |
US5206400A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1993-04-27 | Ohio State University | Diastereomeric mono- and di-substituted diamino cyclohexane compounds and the method of preparation thereof |
US5175273A (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1992-12-29 | Genentech, Inc. | Nucleic acid intercalating agents |
US5270340A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1993-12-14 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted 2-cyclohexen-1-yl-amine fungicidal and herbicidal agents |
SK282950B6 (sk) * | 1990-04-24 | 2003-01-09 | Biota Scientific Management Pty Ltd | Deriváty alfa-D-neuramínovej kyseliny, spôsob ich prípravy, ich použitie a farmaceutické prípravky na ich báze |
WO1992006691A1 (en) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-30 | Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd. | Anti-viral compounds that bind the active site of influenza neuramidase and display in vivo activity against orthomyxovirus and paramyxovirus |
DE4033415A1 (de) * | 1990-10-20 | 1992-04-23 | Bayer Ag | Antimikrobielle mittel sowie substituierte 2-cyclohexan-1-yl-amin-derivate und deren herstellung |
WO1993004358A1 (en) * | 1991-08-15 | 1993-03-04 | The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited | Moisture measurement in a granulated mix |
DE4131311A1 (de) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-01 | Basf Ag | Dihydropyranderivate und diese enthaltende pflanzenschutzmittel |
AU659501B2 (en) * | 1991-10-23 | 1995-05-18 | Biota Scientific Management Pty Ltd | Antiviral 4-substituted-2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-derivatives of alpha-D-neuraminic acid |
JPH07501885A (ja) * | 1991-12-03 | 1995-02-23 | コモンウェルス・サイエンティフィック・アンド・インダストリアル・リサーチ・オーガナイゼイション | 折り目設定帯片測定 |
GB9126725D0 (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1992-02-12 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process |
FR2687674B1 (fr) * | 1992-02-07 | 1995-05-19 | Roussel Uclaf | Nouveaux derives de la pyridone, leur procede de preparation, les nouveaux intermediaires obtenus, leur application a titre de medicaments et les compositions pharmaceutiques les renfermant. |
US5292938A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-03-08 | Associated Universities, Inc. | Synthesis of 4-substituted-trans-1, 2-diaminocyclohexyl polyaminocarboxylate metal chelating agents for the preparation of stable radiometal antibody immunoconjugates for therapy and spect and pet imaging |
US5633360A (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1997-05-27 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Oligonucleotide analogs capable of passive cell membrane permeation |
GB9220327D0 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1992-11-11 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process |
GB9220241D0 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1992-11-11 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process |
US5639786A (en) | 1992-12-04 | 1997-06-17 | Biota Scientific Management, Pty., Ltd. | Antiviral 4-substituted-2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-derivatives of α-D-neuraninic acid |
US5514798A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1996-05-07 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Method and cyclic carbonates for nucleotide analogues |
GB9311892D0 (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1993-07-28 | Glaxo Wellcome Australia Ltd | Device |
GB9311873D0 (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1993-07-28 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process |
GB9312531D0 (en) * | 1993-06-17 | 1993-08-04 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process |
GB9325841D0 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1994-02-23 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Chemical compounds |
GB9400206D0 (en) * | 1994-01-07 | 1994-03-02 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Chemical compound |
AUPM354694A0 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1994-02-17 | Biota Scientific Management Pty Ltd | Chemical compounds |
US5985859A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1999-11-16 | The University Of Alabama | Methods of inhibiting bacterial sialidase |
GB9410817D0 (en) * | 1994-05-28 | 1994-07-20 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Medicaments |
US5665640A (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1997-09-09 | Sony Corporation | Method for producing titanium-containing thin films by low temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using a rotating susceptor reactor |
AUPM725794A0 (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 1994-08-25 | Biota Scientific Management Pty Ltd | Chemical compounds |
US5556963A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1996-09-17 | Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation | Synthesis of 4-alkoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid |
US5512596A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-04-30 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Aromatic compounds |
JP2002515849A (ja) | 1994-11-04 | 2002-05-28 | ギリアード サイエンシーズ,インコーポレイテッド | Hivプロテアーゼを阻害および検出するチエパン化合物 |
US5866601A (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1999-02-02 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Carbocyclic compounds |
BR9607098B8 (pt) | 1995-02-27 | 2014-11-18 | Gilead Sciences Inc | Composto e composição farmacêutica. |
US5602277A (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1997-02-11 | Biocryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Substituted benzene derivatives useful as neuraminidase inhibitors |
US5714509A (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 1998-02-03 | The University Of Alabama | Inhibitors of bacterial sialidase and methods of making and using the same |
GB9525389D0 (en) | 1995-12-12 | 1996-02-14 | Biota Scient Management Ltd | Chemical compounds |
GB9510141D0 (en) | 1995-05-19 | 1995-07-12 | Biota Scient Management | Chemical compounds |
EP0833825B1 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 2001-09-26 | Biota Scientific Management Pty. Ltd. | 6-carboxamido dihydropyran derivatives |
GB9516276D0 (en) | 1995-08-08 | 1995-10-11 | Biota Scient Management | Chemical compounds |
US5763483A (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1998-06-09 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Carbocyclic compounds |
ATE215062T1 (de) | 1996-08-23 | 2002-04-15 | Gilead Sciences Inc | Verfahren zur herstellung von cyclohexen- carboxylatderivate |
US5859284A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1999-01-12 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Preparation of carbocyclic compounds |
EP0882721A4 (en) | 1996-09-10 | 1999-12-22 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 4-SUBSTITUTED 2,7-DIDEOXY-7-FLUORO-2,3-DIDEHYDRO SIAL ACIDS |
US5886213A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-23 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Preparation of carbocyclic compounds |
TW477783B (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2002-03-01 | Gilead Sciences Inc | Novel compounds useful as neuraminidase inhibitors and pharmaceutical compositions containing same |
-
1996
- 1996-08-23 US US08/701,942 patent/US5859284A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-08-22 CN CN97198043A patent/CN1113053C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-22 NZ NZ333991A patent/NZ333991A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-22 KR KR1019997001458A patent/KR100564891B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-22 US US09/242,119 patent/US6204398B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-22 CA CA002263136A patent/CA2263136C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-22 CN CNB2005100595770A patent/CN100352814C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-20 US US09/175,744 patent/US6057459A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-12-19 US US09/740,504 patent/US20020058823A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-12-20 CN CNB021575436A patent/CN1200924C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100357284C (zh) * | 2003-09-11 | 2007-12-26 | 浙江海正药业股份有限公司 | 抗流感病毒化合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN109890790A (zh) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-06-14 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | 一种奥司他韦及其异构体的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6204398B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 |
US20020058823A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
US6057459A (en) | 2000-05-02 |
CN1429806A (zh) | 2003-07-16 |
NZ333991A (en) | 2000-10-27 |
CN1680361A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
US5859284A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
CN1230946A (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
CA2263136A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
CN100352814C (zh) | 2007-12-05 |
CA2263136C (en) | 2007-07-31 |
CN1200924C (zh) | 2005-05-11 |
KR100564891B1 (ko) | 2006-03-30 |
KR20000068307A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1113053C (zh) | 环己烯羧酸衍生物的制备 | |
CN1037439C (zh) | 制备具有神经保护作用的吲哚酮及有关衍生物的方法 | |
JP2000517306A (ja) | シクロヘキセンカルボキシレート誘導体の調製 | |
JP7492765B2 (ja) | プリン誘導体を調製するための方法 | |
CN102112430B (zh) | 合成依泽替米贝的方法和用于该方法的中间体 | |
JPH11255773A (ja) | L−パラボロノフェニルアラニンの製造方法 | |
EP0197375B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Inversion der Konfigurationsekundärer Alkohole | |
JPH01228994A (ja) | γ−シリルアリルアルコール及びその製造法 | |
JPH01228946A (ja) | β−ヒドロキシフェネチルアミン類の合成法 | |
CN107129440A (zh) | 一种天然产物(+)‑负霉素的全合成方法 | |
CN107827811B (zh) | 一种制备n-取代-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶的方法 | |
JPS6366176A (ja) | ヒドロキノン誘導体の製造方法 | |
AU772214B2 (en) | Preparation of cyclohexene carboxylate derivatives | |
JPH03261741A (ja) | 4―フェニル―3―ブテン―2―オンの製造法 | |
CN1309712C (zh) | Ag7088类化合物的关键中间体的前体及其合成方法 | |
JPH08198812A (ja) | ジカルボン酸モノエステルの製造方法 | |
JP3060915B2 (ja) | trans−3−ヒドロキシ−4−フェニルチオテトラヒドロフラン及びその製造法 | |
CN1266121C (zh) | 用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的中间体的制备方法 | |
CN1642970A (zh) | 三萜衍生物的制备方法 | |
JP3050104B2 (ja) | 1−ブチン−3,4−ジオールの新規な製造法 | |
JPH09241247A (ja) | 2−オキサゾリジノン誘導体の製造法 | |
JPH07247248A (ja) | cis−2−アミノ−1−アセナフテノールのラセミ体および光学活性体、ならびにそれらの製造方法 | |
JPH02237963A (ja) | トロポロン誘導体 | |
JPS62138450A (ja) | α−アルキル−3(E)−アルケン酸エステル類の製法 | |
JPS5978196A (ja) | sym−ジメチルジ−tert−ブチルジクロロジシラン |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1022471 Country of ref document: HK |
|
EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Application publication date: 19991006 Assignee: Dongyangguang Industry Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Assignor: HOFFMANN LA ROCHE Contract record no.: 2013990000525 Denomination of invention: Preparation of cyclohexene carboxylate derivatives Granted publication date: 20030702 License type: Common License Record date: 20130827 |
|
LICC | Enforcement, change and cancellation of record of contracts on the licence for exploitation of a patent or utility model | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20170209 Address after: Basel Patentee after: Hoffmann La Roche Address before: california Patentee before: Gilead Sciences Inc. |
|
TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20030702 |
|
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |