CN111264423A - Seedling raising method for acanthocephalus spinosus - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for acanthocephalus spinosus Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241001098072 Acanthocephalus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000224474 Nannochloropsis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001657240 Eleutherococcus spinosus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001670010 Acanthogobius Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000270693 Chinemys Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000112684 Acanthogobius hasta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000115658 Dahlia pinnata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012040 Dahlia pinnata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001502129 Mullus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000936940 Plectropomus Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000229143 Hippophae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000159660 Nannochloropsis oculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001257016 Platyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000861914 Plecoglossus altivelis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method of acanthocephalus molesta juvenile fish, which comprises the following steps: a. obtaining and selecting parent fish; b. obtaining high-quality sperm and eggs; c. obtaining fertilized eggs in batches; d. fry breeding; e. culturing in separate ponds at the later stage of seedling culture; the invention improves the perfectness rate of sperm and eggs, improves the sperm and egg insemination rate and the hatching rate in the same proportion by changing the traditional sperm and egg taking mode, ensures the nutritional state of fry in the seedling raising period and improves the fry survival rate by gradually increasing the bait variety, and the artificial breeding method of the spiny head mullet provides powerful support for breeding and germplasm resource protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fish culture, in particular to a seedling raising method for acanthocephalus spinosus.
Background
The plecoglossus altivelis is one of offshore small economic fishes, the plectropomus nigricans is mainly distributed in the Bohai sea, the plectropomus spinosus is mainly distributed in the yellow sea and the east sea, the plectropomus spinosus is most in yield in the east sea and is favored to be inhabited at the junction of salt water and fresh water at the river mouth, the growth speed is high, the plectropomus spinosus is suitable for temperature and the salt adaptation range is wide, the annual 4-6 months and 9-10 months are in the busy season of fishing and flood, the plectropomus formosanus is one of high-grade aquatic products which are favored by coastal residents, and in recent years, due to reasons of over-fishing, water pollution, environmental.
The Chinese patent application numbers are: SN201720492929.4 published Japanese 20170626 invention name: an artificial breeding method of Chinemys spinosus includes such steps as extracting the sperm of Chinemys spinosus, diluting, mixing the sperm with egg, and inseminating for higher fertility rate, hatchability and survival rate of fish fry.
However, in the actual seedling raising process, the number of dead eggs and dead seedlings after insemination is still large, and the growth period of the fries is relatively long, so that the large-scale breeding of the acanthocephalus spinosus cannot be realized by the existing patented method. Fertilized eggs cannot be obtained in batches, and enough fish fries are bred.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention discloses a seedling method for preventing the damage of sperms and eggs caused by the traditional method of extruding the belly of a fish to extract the sperms and eggs, improving the success rate of insemination and obtaining batch fertilized eggs by adopting a mode of dissecting ovaries and sperms and combining dry fertilization, and changing the bait series of the fertilized eggs to improve the survival rate of seedling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a seedling raising method for acanthogobius chinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
e. obtaining and selecting parent fish: mature adult fish is used as a parent, the body length of the adult fish is more than 10cm, the body weight of the adult fish is more than 35g, the abdomen of the adult fish is bloated, the vitality is good, the adult fish is not damaged, the physique is strong, and the ratio of the full length of the female fish to the gonad length reaches 1: 0.28, taking female and male individual of the juvenile fish of the acanthopanax spinosus with mature gonad as parent, and selecting the time for obtaining the parent fish of the juvenile fish of the acanthopanax spinosus in the field to be about 3 days of the climax twice per month in 4 months and 5 months in the lunar calendar, namely 12 days to 18 days of 4 months in the lunar calendar, 28 days to 3 days of 5 months in the lunar calendar, 12 days to 18 days of 5 months in the lunar calendar, and 28 days to 3 days of 6 months in the lunar calendar;
f. obtaining high-quality sperm and eggs: selecting excellent parents from wild acanthocephalus spinosus young fish captured in a heavy tide period, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, the ovary of the selected female fish is large and long-saccular, occupies more than 20 percent of the body weight, the ovary membrane has thick blood vessels, the egg granules are full of yolk, and the eggs are large, full and easy to separate; the thick and solid surface of the spermary of the selected male fish has obvious blood vessel distribution, less wrinkles and good milky appearance, the time of taking the ovary is generally within 5min, the time of taking the spermary is within 1min, the male fish is dissected from the first male fish, the gill artery or the tail artery of the female fish is cut off for bleeding, the ovary is quickly dissected, 20-30 female fish are collected in each batch, and the ovaries are cut and mixed together after being taken out; controlling time, after finishing dissection of the penultimate female fish, dissecting the male fish at the fastest speed to take the spermary, mixing the spermary with the ovary, cutting the male fish into pieces by using scissors, and then fully mixing and fertilizing the cut male fish and the spermary by using duck feather disinfected and cleaned in advance, wherein the whole process of taking the ovary and the spermary needs to keep no moisture;
g. obtaining fertilized eggs in batches: mixing and shearing ovaries and spermary, performing batch dry fertilization, performing fertilization in a special device, keeping out of the sun, controlling the temperature to be 22 +/-1 ℃, continuously and gently stirring by using long feathers during the period, standing for about 1min, standing for 30sec, repeatedly operating for 3 times, after full fertilization, slowly adding seawater, filtering spermary and ovary impurities by using gauze, allowing fertilization to enter a 500L barrel, inflating and keeping out of the sun, controlling the water temperature to be 23-24 ℃, the salinity to be 22-24 per mill and the pH value to be 8.15-8.20; standing for 30-40 min, separating the last good eggs to obtain a batch of fertilized eggs, and packaging with an oxygen-filling bag to bring back a seedling field; putting fertilized eggs again into the container to form a container with a diameter of 1m3The air is filled into the round barrel to continue to develop, when the fertilized eggs develop to the embryonic stage, the air filling is stopped, the mixture is kept stand for 20min, the upper layer of suspended eggs are collected and transferred into a pre-prepared hatching pond with the size of 20 square, the temperature of the hatching water is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, the salinity is 22 per mill-24 per mill, the value of dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, pH is 8.15-8.20, and the fry enters a fry culturing stage after the fry is taken out of the film;
h. fry rearing:
d1. after the fry is taken out of the film, putting the nannochloropsis in advance, cultivating good algae color, opening the hatch after the hatched fry is as much as 3d, and then feeding the bait for 3-5 times a day, wherein the bait in the first stage is nannochloropsis and 10 rotifers per ml, and the feeding time is 7d-10 d;
d2. feeding in the first stage, performing feeding in the second stage after the fry grows, feeding 1-2 fairy bugs per ml on the basis of bait in the first stage, gradually reducing feeding density of rotifers to 5 beetles per ml, continuously feeding in the second stage for 5 days, and slowly transitioning to feeding in the third stage;
d3. in the third stage, 0.5-1 copepods and cladocerans are fed additionally, and the feeding density of the rotifers is reduced to 0;
d4. feeding the fries for 20d after hatching, entering a fourth stage, and continuously and increasingly feeding microspore feed;
e. the whole breeding period is 35d-45d, and small fish with the length reaching 5cm are cultured in separate ponds.
Further, the adult fish parent of step a: 1. selecting the preference after the wild water area is captured; 2. the method is preferably used for artificial breeding after wild fry is captured.
Further, the time of the parent fish caught in the field water area in the step a in the catching net is less than 45 min.
Furthermore, parents of the step b are selected to be dissected and matured, and particularly, the ovary length and the ovary meet certain requirements, namely, the ratio of the ovary length to the full length is 0.28:1, the ratio of the ovary weight to the fish body weight is 0.2:1, the whole ovary and the testis are taken down, and the ovary and the testis are fully mixed in an insemination device after treatment.
Further, the first three days of adding the bait varieties in the step d, attention is paid to keeping the original feeding of the baits.
Further, the hatching pond is to realize water circulation, but care is taken to prevent fry from escaping after hatching.
Compared with the prior art, only by rotifers and fairy worms in the seedling raising period, the nutrition content can not completely meet the requirement of growth of the young fish of the acanthocephalus spinosus, so in order to obtain healthier young fish, the invention adds the nannochloropsis and cladocera in the diet bait of the young fish, the crude fat content of the nannochloropsis can reach 58.50% at most by determination, and the DHA and EPA contents of the cladocera reach 17.6mg/g and 10.7mg/g, thus the nutrition value is extremely high.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding advantages:
1. the sperm and egg breaking caused by extrusion in the traditional mode is avoided by adopting a sperm and egg dissecting mode, and the fertilization probability, the fertilization success rate and the fertilized egg quantity are greatly improved by adopting dry artificial insemination and mixing and stirring a large amount of sperm and eggs;
2. the nannochloropsis oculata and cladocera with high nutritive value are used as breeding bait, so that the survival rate of seedling is greatly improved, and the quality of the seedlings is finally and successfully collected.
Detailed Description
The following examples of the present invention are described in detail, and the examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those without specifying any particular technique or condition in the examples are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification, and all reagents or apparatuses are not specified, and are all conventional products commercially available.
A seedling raising method for acanthogobius chinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. obtaining and selecting parent fish: mature adult fish is used as a parent, the body length of the adult fish is more than 10cm, the body weight of the adult fish is more than 35g, the abdomen of the adult fish is bloated, the vitality is good, the adult fish is not damaged, the physique is strong, and the ratio of the full length of the female fish to the gonad length reaches 1: 0.28, taking female and male individual of the juvenile fish of the acanthopanax spinosus with mature gonad as parent, and selecting the time for capturing the parent fish of the acanthopanax spinosus in the field to be about 3 days of the climax 4 month and 5 month twice per month, namely 12 days to 4 months and 18 days of the lunar calendar, 28 days to 5 months and 3 days of the lunar calendar, 12 days to 5 months and 18 days of the lunar calendar, and 5 months and 28 days to 6 months and 3 days of the lunar calendar;
b. obtaining high-quality sperm and eggs: selecting excellent parents from wild acanthocephalus spinosus young fish captured in a heavy tide period, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, the ovary of the selected female fish is large and long-saccular, occupies more than 20 percent of the body weight, the ovary membrane has thick blood vessels, the egg granules are full of yolk, and the eggs are large, full and easy to separate; the thick and solid surface of the spermary of the selected male fish has obvious blood vessel distribution, less wrinkles and good milky appearance, the time of taking the ovary is generally within 5min, the time of taking the spermary is within 1min, the male fish is dissected from the first male fish, the gill artery or the tail artery of the female fish is cut off for bleeding, the ovary is quickly dissected, 20-30 female fish are collected in each batch, and the ovaries are cut and mixed together after being taken out; controlling time, after finishing dissection of the penultimate female fish, dissecting the male fish at the fastest speed to take the spermary, mixing the spermary with the ovary, cutting the male fish into pieces by using scissors, and then fully mixing and fertilizing the cut male fish and the spermary by using duck feather disinfected and cleaned in advance, wherein the whole process of taking the ovary and the spermary needs to keep no moisture;
c. obtaining fertilized eggs in batches: mixing and shearing ovaries and spermary, performing batch dry fertilization, performing fertilization in a special device, keeping out of the sun, controlling the temperature to be 22 +/-1 ℃, continuously and gently stirring by using long feathers during the period, standing for about 1min, standing for 30sec, repeatedly operating for 3 times, after full fertilization, slowly adding seawater, filtering spermary and ovary impurities by using gauze, allowing fertilization to enter a 500L barrel, inflating and keeping out of the sun, controlling the water temperature to be 23-24 ℃, the salinity to be 22-24 per mill and the pH value to be 8.15-8.20; standing for 30-40 min, separating the last good eggs to obtain a batch of fertilized eggs, and packaging with an oxygen-filling bag to bring back a seedling field; putting fertilized eggs again into the container to form a container with a diameter of 1m3The air is filled into the round barrel to continue to develop, when the fertilized eggs develop to the embryonic stage, the air filling is stopped, the mixture is kept stand for 20min, the upper layer of suspended eggs are collected and transferred into a pre-prepared hatching pool with the size of 20 square, the temperature of the hatching water is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, the salinity is 22-24 per mill, the value of dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, pH is 8.15-8.20, and the fry enters a fry culturing stage after being taken out of the film;
d. fry rearing:
d1. after the fry is taken out of the film, putting the nannochloropsis in advance, cultivating good algae color, opening the hatch after the hatched fry is as much as 3d, and then feeding the bait for 3-5 times a day, wherein the bait in the first stage is nannochloropsis and 10 rotifers per ml, and the feeding time is 7d-10 d;
d2. feeding in the first stage, performing feeding in the second stage after the fry grows, increasing feeding 1-2 fairy bugs per ml on the basis of bait in the first stage, gradually reducing feeding density of rotifers to 5 beetles per ml, continuously feeding in the second stage for 5 days, and slowly transitioning to feeding in the third stage;
d3. in the third stage, 0.5-1 copepods and cladocerans are fed additionally, and the feeding density of the rotifers is reduced to 0;
d4. feeding the fries for 20d after hatching, entering a fourth stage, and continuously and increasingly feeding microspore feed;
e. the whole breeding period is 35d-45d, and small fish with the length reaching 5cm are cultured in separate ponds.
Further, the adult fish parent of step a: 1. selecting the preference after the wild water area is captured; 2. the method is preferably used for artificial breeding after wild fry is captured.
Further, the time of the parent fish caught in the field water area in the step a in the catching net is less than 45 min.
Furthermore, parents of the step b are selected to be dissected and matured, and particularly, the ovary length and the ovary meet certain requirements, namely, the ratio of the ovary length to the full length is 0.28:1, and the ratio of the ovary weight to the fish body weight is 0.2: 1; the entire ovary and testis were removed and after treatment the ovary and testis were thoroughly mixed in the insemination device.
Further, the first three days of adding the bait varieties in the step d, attention is paid to keeping the original feeding of the baits.
Further, the hatching pond is to realize water circulation, but is mainly to protect and prevent fry from escaping after hatching.
Example 1: the wild acanthocephalus spiniferus is used for artificial breeding.
The lunar calendar is 5 months and 2 days, the wild mermaid is captured at the Yangyun river mouth as a parent in the tidal water, the natural water temperature of the surface layer of the sea area is 24.2 ℃, the water depth is 8.7m, the pH value is 8.18, and the salinity is 23.6. After the wild spiny head greenish is caught and shipped, the ratio of the total length of the female fish to the length of the gonad is selected to reach 1: 0.28, taking male and female acanthocephalus platyphylla individuals with the body length of more than 10cm, the body weight of more than 35g, abdominal distension, good vitality, no damage, strong physique and mature gonad development as parents. The male-female ratio was selected to be 2: 1. The ovary of the selected female fish is large and is in a long saccular shape, and the ovary accounts for more than 20 percent of the body weight; the thick and solid surface of the spermary of the male fish has obvious blood vessel distribution, and the appearance is preferably milky white. Taking out ovary and testis, mixing, cutting into pieces, mixing feather, performing fertilization by dry method in special device, keeping out of the sun, and controlling temperature at 22 + -1 deg.C. And (3) carrying out artificial fertilization of two batches in total to obtain 225g and 250g of fertilized eggs respectively, and packaging the fertilized eggs by an oxygenation bag to bring the fertilized eggs to a seedling raising field.
Putting fertilized eggs again into the container to form a container with a diameter of 1m3And (3) in the round barrel, inflating to continue development, stopping inflating when the fertilized eggs develop to the embryonic stage, standing for 20min, collecting upper-layer suspended eggs, transferring the upper-layer suspended eggs into a pre-prepared hatching pond with the size of 20 square, controlling the temperature of hatching water to be 22-25 ℃, the salinity to be 22-24 per thousand and the dissolved oxygen to be 6mg/L, pH to be 8.15-8.20, wherein the two batches of fertilized eggs are 210g and 226g respectively (the counting is 23.1 ten thousand and 24.86 ten thousand). Putting the fry into 2 fish fry containers with the diameter of 10m after the fry is taken out of the film3And (5) carrying out fry cultivation in the fry rearing pond. The illumination intensity of the seedling raising room is about 300 lux. After the fry is taken out of the film, putting the nannochloropsis in advance to cultivate good algae color. Opening the hatch after 3d, then feeding bait for 3-5 times per day, wherein the bait in the first stage is Chlorococcus micro-algae and 10 rotifers/ml; after feeding for 7-10 days, starting to increase and feed 1-2 fairy bugs per ml, and gradually reducing the feeding density of the rotifers to 5 bugs per ml; after feeding for 5 days, feeding 0.5-1 copepods and cladocerans per ml in an increasing way, and gradually reducing the feeding density of the rotifers to 0; hatching the fry and feeding for 20d, and continuously and gradually feeding microspore feed; and (32 d) feeding all the microspore compound feed. And (42) carrying out pond-dividing culture when the total length of the fry reaches 5 cm. Counting 16 ten thousand fish fries from the first fertilized egg and 13.6 ten thousand fish fries from the second fertilized egg.
The technical scheme of the invention improves the insemination rate, the hatching rate and the fry survival rate of the little sea buckthorn fish, and the artificial breeding of the little sea buckthorn fish provides enough fries for breeding and protecting fishery resources.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and it is to be understood that the above description is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the design concept of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A seedling raising method for acanthogobius chinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. obtaining and selecting parent fish: mature adult fish is used as a parent, the body length of the adult fish is more than 10cm, the body weight of the adult fish is more than 35g, the abdomen of the adult fish is bloated, the vitality is good, the adult fish is not damaged, the physique is strong, and the ratio of the full length of the female fish to the gonad length reaches 1: 0.28, taking female and male individual of the juvenile fish of the acanthopanax spinosus with mature gonad as parent, and selecting the time for capturing the parent fish of the acanthopanax spinosus in the field to be about 3 days of the climax 4 month and 5 month twice per month, namely 12 days to 4 months and 18 days of the lunar calendar, 28 days to 5 months and 3 days of the lunar calendar, 12 days to 5 months and 18 days of the lunar calendar, and 5 months and 28 days to 6 months and 3 days of the lunar calendar;
b. obtaining high-quality sperm and eggs: selecting excellent parents from wild acanthocephalus spinosus young fish captured in a heavy tide period, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, the ovary of the selected female fish is large and long-saccular, occupies more than 20 percent of the body weight, the ovary membrane has thick blood vessels, the egg granules are full of yolk, and the eggs are large, full and easy to separate; the thick and solid surface of the spermary of the selected male fish has obvious blood vessel distribution, less wrinkles and good milky appearance, the time of taking the ovary is generally within 5min, the time of taking the spermary is within 1min, the male fish is dissected from the first male fish, the gill artery or the tail artery of the female fish is cut off for bleeding, the ovary is quickly dissected, 20-30 female fish are collected in each batch, and the ovaries are cut and mixed together after being taken out; controlling time, after finishing dissection of the penultimate female fish, dissecting the male fish at the fastest speed to take the spermary, mixing the spermary with the ovary, cutting the male fish into pieces by using scissors, and then fully mixing and fertilizing the cut male fish and the spermary by using duck feather disinfected and cleaned in advance, wherein the whole process of taking the ovary and the spermary needs to keep no moisture;
c. obtaining fertilized eggs in batches: mixing and shearing ovaries and spermary, performing batch dry fertilization, performing fertilization in a special device, keeping out of the sun, controlling the temperature to be 22 +/-1 ℃, continuously and gently stirring by using long feathers during the period, standing for about 1min, standing for 30sec, repeatedly operating for 3 times, after full fertilization, slowly adding seawater, filtering spermary and ovary impurities by using gauze, allowing fertilization to enter a 500L barrel, inflating and keeping out of the sun, controlling the water temperature to be 23-24 ℃, the salinity to be 22-24 per mill and the pH value to be 8.15-8.20; standing for 30-40 min, separating the last good eggs to obtain a batch of fertilized eggs, and packaging with an oxygen-filling bag to bring back a seedling field; putting fertilized eggs again into the container to form a container with a diameter of 1m3In the barrel, the air is inflated to continue to develop until the growth is finishedThe fertilized eggs are grown to the embryonic stage, the aeration is stopped, the fertilized eggs are kept stand for 20min, the upper layer of suspended eggs are collected and transferred into a pre-prepared hatching pool with the size of 20 square, the temperature of the hatching water is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, the salinity is 22-24 per mill, the dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, pH, the value is 8.15-8.20, and the fry enters a fry culturing stage after the fry is taken out of the membrane;
d. fry rearing:
d1. after the fry is taken out of the film, putting the nannochloropsis in advance, cultivating good algae color, opening the hatch after the hatched fry is as much as 3d, and then feeding the bait for 3-5 times a day, wherein the bait in the first stage is nannochloropsis and 10 rotifers per ml, and the feeding time is 7d-10 d;
d2. feeding in the first stage, performing feeding in the second stage after the fry grows, feeding 1-2 fairy bugs per ml on the basis of bait in the first stage, gradually reducing feeding density of rotifers to 5 beetles per ml, continuously feeding in the second stage for 5 days, and slowly transitioning to feeding in the third stage;
d3. in the third stage, 0.5-1 copepods and cladocerans are fed additionally, and the feeding density of the rotifers is reduced to 0;
d4. feeding the fries for 20d after hatching, entering a fourth stage, and continuously and increasingly feeding microspore feed;
e. the whole breeding period is 35d-45d, and small fish with the length reaching 5cm are cultured in separate ponds.
2. The method for raising seedlings of acanthogobius multifida as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adult fish parent of step a: 1. selecting the preference after the wild water area is captured; 2. the method is preferably used for artificial breeding after wild fry is captured.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time of capturing the parent fish in the water area outside the field in the capturing net is less than 45 min.
4. The method for raising seedlings of acanthocephalus japonicus dahlia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parents in step b must be selected to be dissected to develop mature, and particularly, the ovary length and the ovary weight are important to meet certain requirements, namely, the ratio of the ovary length to the full length is 0.28:1, the ratio of the ovary weight to the fish body weight is 0.2:1, the whole ovary and the testis are taken down, and after treatment, the ovary and the testis are fully mixed in an insemination device.
5. The method for raising seedlings of acanthogobius ommaturus according to claim 1, wherein the first three days of adding the bait variety in the step d, the original bait feeding is maintained.
6. The method for raising seedlings of Chinemys spinosus, according to claim 1, wherein the hatching pond is designed to circulate water, but care is taken to prevent fry from escaping after hatching.
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