CN111184186A - 一种鸡豆花的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种鸡豆花的制备方法,属于食品加工的技术领域,本发明有助于解决鸡豆花成品率不高的问题。一种鸡豆花的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)配料:将鸡脯肉去筋,粉碎成鸡肉末,所述鸡肉末的粒径为0.05mm‑6mm,将火腿肉粉碎成火腿末,按所需原料配比称取一定量的鸡肉末、水、鸡蛋清、淀粉、胡椒粉、氯化钠、火腿末和香油,搅拌15min‑25min制得鸡茸;(2)均质细化:采用微射流均质技术将鸡茸均质细化处理得到鸡浆,所述鸡浆的粒径为0.2μm‑15μm;(3)陈化成形:将鸡浆在50℃‑80℃超声波处理20min‑30min,93℃‑98℃静止陈化10min‑20min得到鸡花,将鸡花转入包装瓶包装得到鸡豆花。本发明具有成品率高的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,尤其是涉及一种鸡豆花的制备方法。
背景技术
鸡豆花是将鸡肉做成豆花状的一道传统名菜,形似豆花,以鸡为料,嫩如豆花之质,色泽洁白,成团不散,质地细嫩,咸味鲜美,营养丰富,是一道广受欢迎的名菜。但鸡豆花的制作不易控制,制作鸡豆花时食材的含水量、气温和湿度等的差异都会影响鸡豆花的成品率,一旦控制不好就容易下锅成坨或不能成花;鸡豆花制作过程对用火量大小的要求也很高,火小容易冲制不熟,火大容易将花冲散。因此,在实际生活中,需要有丰富经验的厨师才能将鸡豆花做好,普通人很难做好,鸡豆花成品率不高,影响菜品的推广。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种成品率高的鸡豆花制备方法,本发明具有口感佳的优点。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种鸡豆花的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)配料:将鸡脯肉去筋,粉碎成鸡肉末,所述鸡肉末的粒径为0.05mm-6mm,将火腿肉粉碎成火腿末,按所需原料配比称取一定量的鸡肉末、水、鸡蛋清、淀粉、胡椒粉、氯化钠、火腿末和香油,搅拌15min-25min制得鸡茸;
(2)均质细化:采用微射流均质技术将鸡茸均质细化处理得到鸡浆,所述鸡浆的粒径为0.2μm-15μm;
(3)陈化成形:将鸡浆在50℃-80℃超声波处理20min-30min,93℃-98℃静止陈化10min-20min得到鸡花,将鸡花转入包装瓶进行包装得到鸡豆花。
通过采用上述技术方案,将鸡脯肉粉碎成0.05mm-6mm的颗粒,加入其它配料制成鸡茸,再将鸡茸用微射流均质技术处理成微米级的细小颗粒,细小颗粒聚集形成胶体悬浮在水中,通过加热,鸡浆中的蛋白质变性后吸附在胶体表面形成鸡豆花,降低了食材形成鸡豆花的难度,提高了鸡豆花的稳定性,提高了鸡豆花成品率。
优选的,包括以下重量份的原料:鸡肉末40-50份,水400-500份,鸡蛋清35-45份,淀粉12-16份,胡椒粉0.1-0.3份,氯化钠0.8-1.2份,火腿末1.6-2份,香油2-3份。
通过采用上述技术方案,使用更优的鸡豆花原料配比,制备出的鸡豆花产品口感更佳,提高了客户满意度。
优选的,所述步骤(2)使用微射流纳米分散均质机将鸡茸循环3-6次进行均质细化处理,所述均质细化压力为0.5MPa-0.8MPa。
通过采用上述技术方案,使用微射流纳米分散均质机多次循环细化处理鸡茸,得到颗粒更小的悬浮状的鸡浆,提高了悬浮状鸡浆的稳定性,提高加热变性的蛋白质在悬浮状胶体上聚集的几率,降低了食材形成鸡豆花的难度,提高了鸡豆花的稳定性,提高了鸡豆花成品率。
优选的,所述步骤(2)使用微射流纳米分散均质机将鸡茸循环5-6次进行均质细化处理。
通过采用上述技术方案,使用微射流纳米分散均质机循环5-6次细化处理鸡茸,得到颗粒更小的悬浮状的鸡浆,提高悬浮状鸡浆的稳定性,提高加热变性后的蛋白质在悬浮状胶体上聚集的几率,降低了食材形成鸡豆花的难度,提高了鸡豆花的稳定性,提高了鸡豆花成品率。
优选的,所述均质细化压力为0.7MPa-0.8MPa。
通过采用上述技术方案,在更高的压力下对鸡茸进行微射流细化处理,加快了微射流细化处理速度,缩短了微射流均质细化处理时间,缩短了制作工期。
优选的,所述鸡肉末的粒径为0.2mm-4mm,所述鸡浆的粒径为0.5μm-5μm。
通过采用上述技术方案,将鸡肉末粉碎成合适大小的颗粒,降低微射流纳米分散均质机因鸡肉末颗粒过大而被堵塞的几率,保护了微射流纳米分散均质机,保障鸡豆花加工工序的正常进行;将鸡浆粒径控制在合适的范围,可以提高鸡豆花的稳定性。
优选的,所述步骤(3)将鸡花转入包装瓶,将包装瓶抽气至包装瓶内的绝对压力低于20KPa,包装得到鸡豆花,所述包装瓶为耐压真空瓶。
通过采用上述技术方案,鸡豆花产品采用真空包装,使鸡豆花产品在低氧条件下保存,降低微生物存活的几率,降低鸡豆花产品发生腐化的几率,延长鸡豆花产品的保质期,提高鸡豆花产品的适用范围,提高鸡豆花产品的市场价值。
综上所述,本发明包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
1.将鸡脯肉粉碎成0.05mm-6mm的颗粒,加入其它配料制成鸡茸,再将鸡茸用微射流均质技术处理成微米级的细小颗粒,细小颗粒聚集形成胶体悬浮在水中,通过加热,鸡浆中的蛋白质变性后吸附在胶体表面形成鸡豆花,降低了食材形成鸡豆花的难度,提高了鸡豆花的稳定性,提高了鸡豆花成品率;
2.使用更优的鸡豆花原料配比,制备出的鸡豆花产品口感更佳,提高了客户满意度;
3.通过采用上述技术方案,鸡豆花产品采用真空包装,使鸡豆花产品在低氧条件下保存,降低微生物存活的几率,降低鸡豆花产品发生腐化的几率,延长鸡豆花产品的保质期,提高鸡豆花产品的适用范围,提高鸡豆花产品的市场价值。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种鸡豆花的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)配料:将鸡脯肉去筋,用粉碎机粉碎成鸡肉末,筛选粒径为0.2mm-4mm的鸡肉末待用,大颗粒的鸡肉末可以经过多次粉碎直至粒径为0.2mm-4mm,将火腿肉粉碎成火腿末,按重量份称取鸡肉末45g,水450g,鸡蛋清40g,淀粉14g,胡椒粉0.2g,氯化钠1g,火腿末1.8g,香油2.5g,搅拌20min制得鸡茸;(2)均质细化:在均质细化压力为0.75MPa条件下,使用微射流纳米分散均质机将鸡茸循环5次进行均质细化处理,筛分得到粒径为0.5μm-5μm鸡浆。(3)陈化成形:将鸡浆在65℃超声波处理25min,95℃静止陈化15min得到鸡花,将鸡花转入耐压真空包装瓶中,将包装瓶抽气至包装瓶内的绝对压力为15KPa,包装得到鸡豆花样品A。
重复上述制作过程,制作100份鸡豆花样品A,对鸡豆花样品A进行成品率统计,成坨或不成豆花状的产品为不合格产品,记作残次品,成豆花状且不成坨的产品为合格产品,记作成品,通过统计并计算成品率(即合格率),并对鸡豆花的口感进行顾客满意度调查,实验结果显示鸡豆花样品A的成品率为100%,顾客对鸡豆花样品A的口感的满意度为99%。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别在于实施例2使用粒径分布范围更广的鸡肉末。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例1的区别在于实施例3使用粒径分布范围更广的鸡浆。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例1的区别在于实施例4微射流均质细化循环处理次数由5次减少至3次。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例1的区别在于实施例5微射流均质细化循环处理次数由5次减少至4次。
实施例6
实施例6与实施例1的区别在于实施例6微射流均质细化压力从0.75MPa降低至0.5MPa。
实施例7
实施例7与实施例1的区别在于实施例7微射流均质细化压力从0.75MPa降低至0.6MPa。
表1实施例1-7的各原料的加量
组分/g | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 |
鸡肉末 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
水 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 |
鸡蛋清 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
淀粉 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
胡椒粉 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
氯化钠 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
火腿末 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
香油 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
表2实施例1-7的步骤中的参数。
实施例8
实施例8与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例9
实施例9与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例10
实施例10与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例11
实施例11与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例12
实施例12与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例13
实施例13与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
实施例14
实施例14与实施例1的区别在于原料的加量和工艺参数的不同。
表3实施例7-14的各原料的加量
表4实施例7-14的步骤中的参数。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于对比例1的鸡茸未经过微射流均质细化处理。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的区别在于对比例2的鸡浆未经过超声波处理。
表5对比例1-2的各原料的加量
组分/g | 对比例1 | 对比例2 |
鸡肉末 | 45 | 45 |
水 | 450 | 450 |
鸡蛋清 | 40 | 40 |
淀粉 | 14 | 14 |
胡椒粉 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
氯化钠 | 1 | 1 |
火腿末 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
香油 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
表6对比例1-2的步骤中的参数。
表7不同鸡豆花样品成品率和口感满意度对比表
对比例1在不使用微射流均质器均质细化处理鸡茸的条件下,制备出的鸡豆花成品率较低,制作过程容易成坨,顾客满意度很低,口感不佳,不能满足规模化制作的需要。对比例2不使用超声波处理鸡浆的条件下,制备出的鸡豆花成品率较低,制作过程容易成坨,客户满意度很低,口感不佳,不能满足规模化制作的需要。对比实施例1和对比例1的实验结果,在其它条件相同的情况下,实施例1先将鸡茸用微射流均质器均质细化处理后,制备的鸡豆花成品率显著提升,客户满意度显著提高,口感较好。对比实施例1和对比例2的实验结果,在其它条件相同的情况下,实施例1先将鸡浆用超声波处理,制备的鸡豆花成品率显著提升,客户满意度显著提高,口感较好。因此,本发明采用微射流纳米均质机对鸡茸进行均质细化处理,使用超声波对鸡浆进行超声处理,制备的鸡豆花成品率100%,客户满意度高,口感佳。
对比实施例1和实施例2的实验结果,实施例2用粒度分布范围更广的鸡肉末,制备出的鸡豆花成品率有所降低,顾客的口感满意度降低,口感欠佳,但相比于对比例1和对比例2,实施例2制备出的鸡豆花成品率更高,顾客满意度也较高。因此,本发明较佳的实验条件是将去筋后的鸡脯肉粉碎并筛选粒径为0.2mm-4mm的鸡肉末制备鸡豆花。
对比实施例1和实施例3的实验结果,实施例3使用粒径分布范围更广的鸡浆,制备出的鸡豆花产品成品率降低,顾客的口感满意度降低,口感欠佳,但相比于对比例1和对比例2,实施例3制备出的鸡豆花成品率更高,顾客的口感满意度也较高。因此,本发明较佳的实验条件是将鸡茸采用微射流均质技术均质细化处理至粒径为0.5μm-5μm的鸡浆,再制备成鸡豆花。
对比实施例1、实施例4和实施例5的实验结果,实施例4和实施例5分别将微射流均质循环处理次数由5次减少至3次和4次,制备出的鸡豆花产品成品率降低,顾客的口感满意度降低,口感欠佳,但相比于对比例1和对比例2,实施例4和实施例5制备出的鸡豆花成品率更高,顾客的口感满意度也较高。因此,本发明较佳的实验条件是将鸡茸微射流均质细化循环处理不少于5次,再制备成鸡豆花。
对比实施例1、实施例6和实施例7的实验结果,实施例6和实施例7分别将微射流均质细化压力从0.75MPa降低至0.5MPa和0.6MPa,制备出的鸡豆花产品成品率降低,顾客的口感满意度降低,口感欠佳,但相比于对比例1和对比例2,实施例6和实施例7制备出的鸡豆花成品率更高,顾客的口感满意度也较高。因此,本发明较佳的实验条件是均质细化压力大于0.6MPa。
相比于实施例1,实施例8-14在原料加量和工艺参数有所改变,制备出的鸡豆花成品率均是100%,顾客对鸡豆花的口感满意度差别不大,实施例8-14均可作为本发明较优的实施方案。
综上所述,本发明较佳的实施方案是:将去筋后的鸡脯肉粉碎成鸡肉末,筛选粒径为0.2mm-4mm的鸡肉末,将火腿肉粉碎成火腿末,按重量份称取鸡肉末40-50份、水400-500份、鸡蛋清35-45份、淀粉12-16份、胡椒粉0.1-0.3份、氯化钠0.8-1.2份、火腿末1.6-2份和香油2-3份,搅拌15-25min制得鸡茸;用微射流纳米均质机在均质细化压力为0.7MPa-0.8MPa条件下将鸡茸均质细化循环处理5-6次得到粒径为0.5μm-5μm的鸡浆;将鸡浆在50℃-80℃超声波处理20min-30min,93℃-98℃静止陈化10min-20min,转入耐压真空包装瓶,将包装瓶抽气至包装瓶内的绝对压力低于20KPa,密封包装得到鸡豆花产品。本发明制备的鸡豆花成品率高,顾客对本发明制备的鸡豆花产品的口感满意度高。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本发明的保护范围,故:凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)配料:将鸡脯肉去筋,粉碎成鸡肉末,所述鸡肉末的粒径为0.05mm-6mm,将火腿肉粉碎成火腿末,按所需原料配比称取一定量的鸡肉末、水、鸡蛋清、淀粉、胡椒粉、氯化钠、火腿末和香油,搅拌15min-25min制得鸡茸;
(2)均质细化:采用微射流均质技术将鸡茸均质细化处理得到鸡浆,所述鸡浆的粒径为0.2μm-15μm;
(3)陈化成形:将鸡浆在50℃-80℃超声波处理20min-30min, 93℃-98℃静止陈化10min-20min得到鸡花,将鸡花转入包装瓶包装得到鸡豆花。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:鸡肉末40-50份,水400-500份,鸡蛋清35-45份,淀粉12-16份,胡椒粉0.1-0.3份,氯化钠0.8-1.2份,火腿末1.6-2份,香油2-3份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)使用微射流纳米分散均质机将鸡茸循环3-6次进行均质细化处理,所述均质细化压力为0.5 MPa-0.8MPa。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)使用微射流纳米分散均质机将鸡茸循环5-6次进行均质细化处理。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:所述均质细化压力为0.7 MPa-0.8MPa。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:所述鸡肉末的粒径为0.2mm-4mm,所述鸡浆的粒径为0.5μm-5μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种鸡豆花的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)将鸡花转入包装瓶,将包装瓶抽气至包装瓶内的绝对压力低于20KPa,包装得到鸡豆花,所述包装瓶为耐压真空瓶。
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