CN111165312A - Pepper seedling culture substrate and seedling culture method - Google Patents
Pepper seedling culture substrate and seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165312A CN111165312A CN201911309024.4A CN201911309024A CN111165312A CN 111165312 A CN111165312 A CN 111165312A CN 201911309024 A CN201911309024 A CN 201911309024A CN 111165312 A CN111165312 A CN 111165312A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention provides a pepper seedling culture medium and a pepper seedling culture method, and belongs to the technical field of pepper planting. The invention also provides a pepper seedling method, which comprises the following steps: sowing pepper seeds in a pepper seedling culture medium, culturing to obtain pepper seedlings, and spraying a glucose solution and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the pepper seedlings at the same time in a seedling hardening period; the mass percentage content of the glucose solution is 0.1-0.5%; the mass percentage of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1-0.3%. The pepper seedlings cultured by the pepper seedling culture medium and the pepper seedling culture method provided by the invention are superior to traditional seedling culture in plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll content, whole plant dry weight, seedling rate and strong seedling index, the cultured pepper seedlings are strong in plants, good in growth vigor, high in dry matter accumulation, low in transportation breakage rate and short in seedling revival period, excessive growth of the pepper seedlings is effectively inhibited, and the strong seedling rate and the seedling rate are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pepper planting, and particularly relates to a pepper seedling culture medium and a pepper seedling culture method.
Background
The pepper industry is the first major vegetable industry in China, the annual output value is about 2500 million yuan, the annual sowing area is 220 million hectares (3200 million mu), and the annual sowing area accounts for 10 percent of the total area of the vegetables. The farm Hangul has cloud: the strong seedling yield is high, the thin seedlings are worried to be old, the seedlings are well harvested in five seasons, the quality of the pepper seedlings is directly influenced, and the quality of the pepper seedlings bred into strong pepper seedlings without diseases and insect pests is half of the successful pepper cultivation. The floating seedling raising of the hot pepper is taken as the main mode of the intensive seedling raising of the hot pepper at present, has the advantages of labor saving, energy saving, high production efficiency, good seedling quality, quick seedling reviving, convenient standardized management, suitability for remote transportation, mechanized transplanting and the like, and is easy to have the phenomenon of excessive growth. Leading to large transportation damage of seedlings, long seedling recovering period, premature senility of plants, low yield, poor quality and serious damage to the benefits of pepper farmers. Meanwhile, a large amount of straws generated every year are not utilized in a green and efficient manner, so that resource waste and environmental problems are caused.
The traditional floating seedling raising technology is easy to cause low pepper seedling rate due to factors such as seedling raising environment, personnel management technology and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a pepper seedling substrate and a seedling method, the pepper seedling substrate provided by the present invention can improve the survival rate of pepper seedlings, and the pepper seedling substrate can further improve the survival rate of pepper by combining with the seedling method provided by the present invention.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a pepper seedling culture medium which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50-70 parts of straw, 30-50 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of calcium oxalate and 4-6 parts of cow dung.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60 parts of straw, 40 parts of perlite, 15 parts of biochar, 25 parts of calcium oxalate and 5 parts of cow dung.
Preferably, the straw is completely decomposed straw, and the straw comprises corn straw.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biochar comprises the following steps: and thermally cracking the pepper straws or the rice straws at 300-400 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 h under an anaerobic condition to obtain the biochar.
Preferably, the pepper straw comprises one or more of pepper roots, pepper stem bases, pepper stems, pepper bifurcations, pepper side branches and pepper whole plants.
The invention also provides a pepper seedling method, which comprises the following steps: sowing pepper seeds in the pepper seedling culture medium in the technical scheme, and culturing to obtain pepper seedlings, wherein a glucose solution and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed on the pepper seedlings at the same time in a seedling hardening period;
the mass percentage content of the glucose solution is 0.1-0.5%;
the mass percentage of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1-0.3%.
Preferably, the glucose solution and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed for 1-2 times at the same time.
Preferably, when the glucose solution and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed for 2 times at the same time, the spraying is respectively carried out 7 days before the transplanting of the pepper seedlings and 1d before the transplanting.
The invention provides a pepper seedling culture medium which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of straw, 30-50 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of calcium oxalate and 4-6 parts of cow dung.
The invention also provides a pepper seedling method, which comprises the following steps: sowing pepper seeds in the pepper seedling culture medium in the technical scheme, and culturing to obtain pepper seedlings, wherein a glucose solution and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed on the pepper seedlings at the same time in a seedling hardening period; the mass percentage content of the glucose solution is 0.1-0.5%; the mass percentage of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1-0.3%.
According to the invention, the biochar in the pepper seedling culture substrate can retain water and fertilizer, quickly recover the carbon-nitrogen balance of the substrate, improve the granular structure and the physicochemical characteristics of the substrate, and achieve good effects of supplementing carbon and reducing nitrogen, locking nitrogen with carbon and activating phosphorus and potassium. Meanwhile, glucose and monopotassium phosphate are sprayed as foliar fertilizers before pepper seedlings are transplanted, so that the deficiency of photosynthetic products can be effectively supplemented under the stress of adverse circumstances, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in plants is adjusted, the spindling is inhibited, the plant tolerance is enhanced, and the damage is reduced. Not only solves the problem of comprehensive utilization of pepper straws, but also effectively solves the outstanding problems of low pepper seedling rate, low strong seedling rate, intolerance to storage and transportation and the like.
In the invention, the biochar has strong heat absorption capacity and is easy to absorb the heat energy of the sun, so that the temperature of the matrix is further increased, the germination of plant seeds is promoted, particularly the germination of seeds which are difficult to germinate is promoted, and the germination rate is improved. When the biochar matrix is used, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and glucose are sprayed, stress resistance of plants can be enhanced, dead seedlings are reduced, and the seedling rate is improved.
The biochar is added into the substrate, so that the problem of overhigh nitrogen in the original substrate (the nitrogen content of cow dung in the substrate formula is high, and the carbon contained in organic matters such as straws and the like is insufficient) can be effectively solved. Because the fertilizer is added in the seedling raising process, the nitrogen content can be increased again in the later stage of seedling raising, and the nitrogen content needs to be adjusted by adopting a high-efficiency green method. At the moment, monopotassium phosphate and glucose are sprayed to serve as foliar fertilizers, are easy to be rapidly absorbed by leaves, can efficiently adjust carbon-nitrogen balance, inhibit spindly growth of pepper seedlings, and are beneficial to later-stage transplantation.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pepper seedling culture medium which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of straw, 30-50 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of calcium oxalate and 4-6 parts of cow dung.
The pepper seedling raising substrate provided by the invention comprises 50-70 parts by weight of straws, preferably 60 parts by weight of straws. In the present invention, the straw is preferably completely decomposed straw, and the straw preferably comprises corn straw. In the present invention, the straw preferably has a particle size of 4 mm.
The pepper seedling culture medium provided by the invention comprises 30-50 parts by weight of perlite, preferably 40 parts by weight.
The pepper seedling culture medium provided by the invention comprises 10-20 parts by weight of biochar, preferably 15 parts by weight. In the present invention, the method for preparing the biochar preferably comprises: and thermally cracking the pepper straws or the rice straws at 300-400 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 h under an anaerobic condition to obtain the biochar. In the invention, the pepper straw preferably comprises one or more of pepper root, pepper stem base, pepper stem, pepper bifurcate branch, pepper side branch and pepper whole plant. The invention preferably crushes the pepper straws, and prepares the biochar after passing through a 80-mesh sieve. According to the invention, the biochar in the pepper seedling culture substrate can retain water and fertilizer, quickly recover the carbon-nitrogen balance of the substrate, improve the granular structure and the physicochemical characteristics of the substrate, and achieve good effects of supplementing carbon and reducing nitrogen, locking nitrogen with carbon and activating phosphorus and potassium.
The pepper seedling raising substrate provided by the invention comprises 25-35 parts by weight of calcium oxalate, preferably 30 parts by weight.
The pepper seedling raising substrate provided by the invention comprises 4-6 parts by weight of cow dung, and preferably 5 parts by weight of cow dung. The source of the cow dung is not particularly limited, and a commercially available product is adopted, wherein the water content of the cow dung is preferably 15-25%, and more preferably 20%.
The invention also provides a pepper seedling method, which comprises the following steps: sowing pepper seeds in the pepper seedling culture medium in the technical scheme, and culturing to obtain pepper seedlings, wherein a glucose solution and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed on the pepper seedlings at the same time in a seedling hardening period; the mass percentage content of the glucose solution is 0.1-0.5%; the mass percentage of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1-0.3%.
The method for sowing the pepper seeds and the later management are not specially limited, and the method for floating seedling of the pepper seeds is adopted conventionally.
In the invention, when the number of times of spraying the glucose solution and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 1, spraying is preferably carried out 7 days before the pepper is transplanted; when the spraying frequency is preferably 2 times, the spraying is respectively carried out 7d before the transplanting of the pepper seedlings and 1d before the transplanting. The spraying method is not specially limited, and the method of spraying the leaf surface fertilizer to the plant leaf surface is adopted, specifically, the front and back surfaces of the pepper leaves are sprayed until the water drops. Glucose and monopotassium phosphate are sprayed as foliar fertilizers before pepper seedlings are transplanted, so that the deficiency of photosynthetic products can be effectively supplemented under the stress of adverse circumstances, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in plants is adjusted, the spindling is inhibited, the plant tolerance is enhanced, and the damage is reduced.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Collecting field air-dried pepper roots, crushing the pepper roots into particles with the particle size of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, carbonizing the crushed pepper roots in a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment at the thermal cracking carbonization temperature of 350 ℃ for 1h, and taking out and drying the pepper roots after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the pepper root biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper root biochar by mass to prepare a pepper root biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Example 2
Collecting the pepper stem base which is air-dried in the field, crushing the pepper stem base into particles with the particle size of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, placing the crushed pepper stem base into a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment for carbonization, wherein the thermal cracking carbonization temperature is 350 ℃, the thermal cracking reaction time is 1h, and taking out and drying the pepper stem base after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃, thus obtaining the pepper stem base biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and cow dung, 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper stem base biochar by mass to prepare a pepper stem base biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Example 3
Collecting field air-dried pepper stems, crushing the pepper stems into particles with the particle size of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, carbonizing the crushed pepper stems in a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment, wherein the thermal cracking carbonization temperature is 350 ℃, the thermal cracking reaction time is 1h, and taking out and drying the pepper stems when the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the pepper stem biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper stem biochar by mass to prepare a pepper stem biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Example 4
Collecting field air-dried pepper bifurcations, crushing the pepper bifurcations to the granularity of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, placing the crushed pepper bifurcations in a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment for carbonization, wherein the thermal cracking carbonization temperature is 350 ℃, the thermal cracking reaction time is 1h, and taking out and drying after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the pepper bifurcations biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper bifurca biochar by mass to prepare the pepper bifurca biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Example 5
Collecting pepper lateral branches which are air-dried in a field, crushing the pepper lateral branches into particles with the particle size of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, placing the crushed pepper lateral branches into a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment for carbonization, carrying out thermal cracking carbonization at the temperature of 350 ℃ for 1h, and taking out and drying the pepper lateral branches when the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the pepper lateral branch biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and cow dung, 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper side branch biochar by mass to prepare a pepper side branch biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Example 6
Collecting field air-dried whole pepper plants, crushing the pepper plants into particles with the particle size of 80 meshes by crushing equipment, placing the crushed whole pepper plants in a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment for carbonization, wherein the thermal cracking carbonization temperature is 350 ℃, the thermal cracking reaction time is 1h, and taking out and drying the pepper plants after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the pepper whole plant charcoal.
The fully-decomposed corn straws and cow dung are mixed to prepare the pepper whole plant biochar floating seedling substrate according to the mass parts of 60 parts of corn straws, 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of pepper whole plant biochar. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Seedling raising is carried out by using the pepper floating seedling raising substrate prepared in the embodiment 1-6
Testing pepper varieties: guizhou pepper variety Qian pepper No. 8 provided by Chili research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Guizhou province.
Test time: 4 months-2019 and 7 months in 2019.
Test site: guiyang city cat slope pond base of the capsicum research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Guizhou province.
Seedling raising mode: floating seedling raising is carried out by adopting a 160-hole floating tray.
sterilizing the substrate and the seedling raising facilities, namely sterilizing the substrate, namely mixing 40 kg of seedling raising substrate with 8 g of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder, and sterilizing a ② floating tray and a seedling raising pool by using chlorine dioxide effervescent tablets, wherein the use concentration is 80mg/L, and the action time is 30 min.
Sowing: single-hole single-seed sowing.
Seedling stage management: the temperature of the seedbed in the germination period is 30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night. After seedling emergence, the temperature is 22-25 ℃ in the daytime and 15-18 ℃ at night, and ventilation and dehumidification are paid attention to prevent damping-off, gray mold, damping-off, aphid and the like in the seedling stage. The seedling raising fertilizer is provided by Guizhou province Qian south Jinfu Limited responsibility company, and the fertilizer is applied for 2 times in the whole seedling raising process, respectively just after the seedling raising and after the seedling raising is closed. Controlling water and hardening 3 times before 7d before transplanting the pepper seedlings, and preferably recovering the pepper seedlings in the morning by wilting at noon. During the hardening-off period, a glucose solution with the mass percentage of 0.3% and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the mass percentage of 0.2% are sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 2 times respectively at 7 days before transplantation and 1d before transplantation.
Measurement items: measuring plant height, stem thickness, leaf length and leaf width of the plant in the transplanting period, deactivating enzyme at 105 ℃, drying to constant weight at 80 ℃, measuring dry weight of roots, dry weight of overground parts, dry weight of the whole plant and chlorophyll content, and calculating the strong seedling index.
The seedling rate is equal to the number of the survival pepper seedlings/sowing seeds multiplied by 100 percent; strong seedling index (stem thickness/height + dry root weight/dry aerial part weight) x dry whole plant weight.
The results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Comparative example 1
A seedling raising contrast test is carried out on a traditional pepper floating seedling raising substrate (a commodity substrate CK produced by Qiannan Jinfu Limited responsibility company in Guizhou province).
The hot pepper variety test, test time, test place, seedling raising mode, substrate and seedling raising facility disinfection and seeding are the same as the embodiments 1-6
Seedling stage management: the temperature of the seedbed in the germination period is 30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night. After seedling emergence, the temperature is 22-25 ℃ in the daytime and 15-18 ℃ at night, and ventilation and dehumidification are paid attention to prevent damping-off, gray mold, damping-off, aphid and the like in the seedling stage. The seedling raising fertilizer is provided by Guizhou province Qian south Jinfu Limited responsibility company, and the fertilizer is applied for 2 times in the whole seedling raising process, respectively just after the seedling raising and after the seedling raising is closed. Controlling water and hardening 3 times before 7d before transplanting the pepper seedlings, and preferably recovering the pepper seedlings in the morning by wilting at noon. The measurement items were the same as in examples 1 to 6, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 influence of different pepper seedling raising substrates and seedling raising methods on the growth and development of pepper seedlings
TABLE 2 influence of different pepper seedling raising media and seedling raising methods on chlorophyll content and biomass of pepper
From the table 1 and the table 2, the pepper seedlings cultured by the pepper seedling culture medium and the pepper seedling culture method provided by the invention are superior to traditional seedling culture in plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll content, whole plant dry weight, seedling rate and strong seedling index, the cultured pepper seedlings are strong in plants, good in growth potential, large in dry matter accumulation, low in transportation damage rate and short in seedling revival period, excessive growth of the pepper seedlings is effectively inhibited, the strong seedling rate and the seedling rate are improved compared with a comparative example, and the pepper seedling culture medium and the pepper seedling culture method have good application prospects and popularization values.
Example 7
Collecting field air-dried rice straws, crushing the rice straws into 80-mesh particles by crushing equipment, placing the crushed rice straws in a carbonization furnace in an oxygen-free environment for carbonization, wherein the thermal cracking carbonization temperature is 350 ℃, the thermal cracking reaction time is 1h, and taking out and drying the rice straws after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the rice straw biochar.
The method comprises the following steps of mixing 60 parts of fully-decomposed corn straws and cow dung, 25 parts of calcium oxalate, 5 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of perlite and 15 parts of rice straw biochar by mass to prepare the rice straw biochar floating seedling substrate. Wherein, the grain diameter of the decomposed corn straw is 4mm, and the water content of the cow dung is 20%.
Seedling raising was carried out using the pepper float seedling raising substrates prepared in examples 3, 5 and 7
Testing pepper varieties: guizhou pepper variety Qian pepper No. 8 provided by Chili research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Guizhou province.
Test time: 4 months-2019 and 7 months in 2019.
Test site: guiyang city cat slope pond base of the capsicum research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Guizhou province.
Seedling raising mode: floating seedling raising is carried out by adopting a 160-hole floating tray.
sterilizing the substrate and the seedling raising facilities, namely sterilizing the substrate, namely mixing 40 kg of seedling raising substrate with 8 g of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder, and sterilizing a ② floating tray and a seedling raising pool by using chlorine dioxide effervescent tablets, wherein the use concentration is 80mg/L, and the action time is 30 min.
Sowing: single-hole single-seed sowing.
Seedling stage management: the temperature of the seedbed in the germination period is 30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night. After emergence of seedlings, the temperature is 22-25 ℃ in the daytime and 15-18 ℃ at night, and the seedlings are ventilated and dehumidified to prevent damping-off, gray mold, damping-off, aphids and the like. The seedling raising fertilizer is provided by Guizhou province Qian south Jinfu Limited responsibility company, and the fertilizer is applied for 2 times in the whole seedling raising process, respectively just after the seedling raising and after the seedling raising is closed. Controlling water and hardening 3 times before 7d before transplanting the pepper seedlings, and preferably recovering the pepper seedlings in the morning by wilting at noon. During the hardening-off period, a glucose solution with the mass percentage of 0.3% and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the mass percentage of 0.2% are sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 2 times respectively at 7 days before transplantation and 1d before transplantation.
Measurement items: deactivating enzymes of pepper plants at 105 ℃, drying the pepper plants at 80 ℃ to constant weight, and determining the content of heavy metal cadmium in roots, stems and leaves.
TABLE 3 variation of cadmium content in pepper seedlings under different pepper seedling culture media and seedling culture methods
As can be seen from Table 3, the addition of different types of biochar materials to the seedling substrate revealed that the biochar at different parts (dry samples) of the pepper seedlings before transplantation had lower cadmium content than the control.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The pepper seedling raising matrix is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
50-70 parts of straw, 30-50 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of calcium oxalate and 4-6 parts of cow dung.
2. The pepper seedling raising substrate as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60 parts of straw, 40 parts of perlite, 15 parts of biochar, 25 parts of calcium oxalate and 5 parts of cow dung.
3. A pepper seedling raising substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stalks are completely decomposed stalks, and the stalks comprise corn stalks.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for preparing biochar comprises: and thermally cracking the pepper straws or the rice straws at 300-400 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 h under an anaerobic condition to obtain the biochar.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the pepper straw comprises one or more of pepper roots, pepper stem bases, pepper stems, pepper bifurcations, pepper side branches, and pepper whole plants.
6. A pepper seedling method is characterized by comprising the following steps: sowing pepper seeds in a pepper seedling culture medium according to any one of claims 1-5, and culturing to obtain pepper seedlings, wherein a glucose solution and a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed on the pepper seedlings at the same time during a seedling hardening period;
the mass percentage content of the glucose solution is 0.1-0.5%;
the mass percentage of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1-0.3%.
7. A pepper seedling method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the number of times the glucose solution and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed simultaneously is 1-2.
8. A pepper seedling method as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the glucose solution and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed simultaneously 2 times, the spraying is performed 7d before the pepper seedling is transplanted and 1d before the seedling is transplanted, respectively.
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| CN111713346A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Planting method for preventing and treating bacterial wilt of solanaceous vegetable crops |
| CN113229056A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-08-10 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Annual crop rotation planting method suitable for open-air pod pepper cultivation |
| CN113367145A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-10 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Seedling strengthening agent and application thereof |
| CN115399215A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-29 | 贵州务川科华生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of soil matrix for paper mulberry seedling hardening period |
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| CN113367145A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-10 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Seedling strengthening agent and application thereof |
| CN115399215A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-29 | 贵州务川科华生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of soil matrix for paper mulberry seedling hardening period |
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