CN111133947A - Cultivation method for promoting growth of machilus - Google Patents
Cultivation method for promoting growth of machilus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111133947A CN111133947A CN202010082827.7A CN202010082827A CN111133947A CN 111133947 A CN111133947 A CN 111133947A CN 202010082827 A CN202010082827 A CN 202010082827A CN 111133947 A CN111133947 A CN 111133947A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/03—Algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for promoting growth of a machilus pauhoi, which comprises the following steps of (1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm; (2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; digging a planting hole, putting 38-42kg of base fertilizer which is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate and is buried below 40cm of surface soil, and filling new soil with 18-23cm above the base fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting; (3) and (5) maintenance: the insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of ginger, 5-8 parts of partridge vegetable, 1-3 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of pomegranate bark and 12-15 parts of fructus cnidii. By adopting the cultivation method, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is effectively reduced, the growth condition of the Machilus thunbergii is good, and the Machilus thunbergii shows strong adaptability and fast growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Machilus thunbergii cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method for promoting growth of Machilus thunbergii.
Background
Kyara is a plant of Aquilaria of Thymelaeaceae, also known as Kanan Aquilaria, originally produced in southeast Asia countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, etc. The chia is the best product of the top grade Chinese eaglewood, and is extremely precious, and the name of "precious stone" in Chinese eaglewood is always known. The price of the Kyara is the most expensive in the market due to the mysterious and elegant fragrance and the rich oil content. The xylem of Kyara can produce rare eaglewood and eaglewood oil, and is a forest product with extremely high value. However, the existing machilus nanmu seedlings are easily affected by diseases and insect pests, particularly root nematodes, the growth speed is affected after the seedlings suffer from the diseases and insect pests, and the yield of the machilus nanmu agilawood is reduced, so that a cultivation method for promoting the growth of the machilus nanmu is urgently needed, and the technical problem is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a cultivation method for promoting growth of the Machilus thunbergii, which can effectively reduce pest and disease damage and promote rapid growth of the Machilus thunbergii.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a cultivation method for promoting growth of a Machilus thunbergii comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm;
(2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; digging a planting hole, putting 38-42kg of base fertilizer which is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate and is buried below 40cm of surface soil, and filling new soil with 18-23cm above the base fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting;
(3) and (5) maintenance: the insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of ginger, 5-8 parts of partridge vegetable, 1-3 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of pomegranate bark and 12-15 parts of fructus cnidii.
Further, the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: juicing the ginger according to the weight parts to prepare ginger juice for later use; pulverizing Mallotus oblongifolius, areca nut, pomegranate rind and fructus cnidii, mixing the pulverized materials, soaking for 8-12 minutes, adding water in an amount which is 1-3 times of the total weight of the materials, heating at 60-70 ℃ for 25-35 minutes, heating at 100 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, cooling, filtering, mixing the filtrate with ginger juice, concentrating, drying and granulating to obtain the product.
Further, the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 3-4: 1.
further, the use method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: the composition is applied once a month, and the using amount of each plant is 40-60 g.
Further, the pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of ginger, 6 parts of Mallotus oblongifolius, 2 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of pomegranate bark and 13 parts of fructus cnidii.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the cultivation method, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is effectively reduced, the growth condition of the Machilus thunbergii is good, and the Machilus thunbergii shows strong adaptability and fast growth. The planting density and the hole depth of the fertilizer, the using amount of the compound fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate and the filling of new soil on the base fertilizer greatly promote the growth of the Machilus thunbergii. The specially-produced pesticide provided by the invention takes ginger as a guiding drug, and the Mallotus oblongifolius, the areca nut, the pomegranate rind and the fructus cnidii are scientifically proportioned to realize synergistic interaction, so that the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is effectively inhibited, the efficient absorption of water and fertilizer is facilitated, and the rapid growth of the Mallotus oblongifolius is promoted. The base fertilizer prepared by the method is more beneficial to improving the resistance of the Machilus thunbergii, reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and promoting the growth of the Machilus thunbergii.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A cultivation method for promoting growth of a Machilus thunbergii comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm;
(2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; after the planting holes are dug, 38kg of base fertilizer is put in and buried in surface soil below 40cm, the base fertilizer is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, and the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 3: 1, adding new soil with the depth of 18-23cm above the fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting;
(3) and (5) maintenance: periodically spraying fertilizer and watering, and spraying 0.05kg of urea on each plant after 20 days of planting; then, every half year, 0.2kg of compound fertilizer is used for each plant for fertilizer spraying; watering once a day; the insecticide is applied once a month, the using amount of each plant is 40g each time, and the insecticide is applied after being stirred for 1-2min by 5 times of water before use; the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, namely 8 parts of ginger, 5 parts of partridge vegetable, 1 part of betel nut, 4 parts of pomegranate rind and 12 parts of common cnidium fruit according to parts by weight; squeezing rhizoma Zingiberis recens to obtain succus Zingiberis recens; pulverizing Mallotus oblongifolius, Arecae semen, pericarpium Granati and fructus Cnidii, mixing the pulverized materials, soaking for 8 min, adding water 1.5 times of the total weight of the medicinal materials, heating at 60-70 deg.C for 25 min, heating at 100 deg.C for 20 min, cooling, filtering, mixing the filtrate with succus Zingiberis recens, concentrating, drying, and granulating. Growth was observed and recorded.
Example 2
A cultivation method for promoting growth of a Machilus thunbergii comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm;
(2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; after the planting holes are dug, 42kg of base fertilizer is put in and buried in surface soil below 40cm, the base fertilizer is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, and the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 4: 1, adding new soil with the depth of 18-23cm above the fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting;
(3) and (5) maintenance: periodically spraying fertilizer and watering, and spraying 0.05kg of urea on each plant after 20 days of planting; then, every half year, 0.2kg of compound fertilizer is used for each plant for fertilizer spraying; watering once a day; applying the pesticide once a month, wherein the application amount of each plant is 60g, and applying after stirring with 3 times of water for 1-2min before use; the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, namely 12 parts of ginger, 8 parts of partridge vegetable, 3 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of pomegranate rind and 15 parts of common cnidium fruit according to parts by weight; squeezing rhizoma Zingiberis recens to obtain succus Zingiberis recens; pulverizing Mallotus oblongifolius, Arecae semen, pericarpium Granati and fructus Cnidii, mixing the pulverized materials, soaking for 12 min, adding 3 times of water, heating at 60-70 deg.C for 35 min, heating at 100 deg.C for 10 min, cooling, filtering, mixing the filtrate with succus Zingiberis recens, concentrating, drying, and granulating. Growth was observed and recorded.
Example 3
A cultivation method for promoting growth of a Machilus thunbergii comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm;
(2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; after the planting holes are dug, 40kg of base fertilizer is put in and buried in surface soil for less than 40cm, the base fertilizer is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, and the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 3: 1, adding new soil with the depth of 18-23cm above the fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting;
(3) and (5) maintenance: periodically spraying fertilizer and watering, and spraying 0.05kg of urea on each plant after 20 days of planting; then, every half year, 0.2kg of compound fertilizer is used for each plant for fertilizer spraying; watering once a day; applying the pesticide once a month, wherein the application amount of each plant is 50g, and applying after stirring with 4 times of water for 1-2min before use; the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, namely 10 parts of ginger, 6 parts of partridge vegetable, 2 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of pomegranate rind and 13 parts of fructus cnidii in parts by weight; squeezing rhizoma Zingiberis recens to obtain succus Zingiberis recens; pulverizing herba Caloglossi Leprifolii, Arecae semen, pericarpium Granati and fructus Cnidii, mixing the pulverized materials, soaking for 10 min, adding water 2 times of the total weight of the medicinal materials, heating at 60-70 deg.C for 32 min, heating at 100 deg.C for 18 min, cooling, filtering, mixing the filtrate with succus Zingiberis recens, concentrating, drying, and granulating. Growth was observed and recorded.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the insecticide was replaced with 0.1% carbendazim.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of ginger, 10 parts of calomel, 10 parts of betel nut, 10 parts of pomegranate bark and 10 parts of fructus cnidii.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the process for preparing the insecticide comprises the steps of: pulverizing rhizoma Zingiberis recens, herba Caloglossi Leprifolii, Arecae semen, pericarpium Granati, and fructus Cnidii, decocting according to conventional method, cooling, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, drying, and granulating.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the superphosphate is 1: 1.
comparative example 5
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the insecticide was applied once a month, and the amount used per plant was 100 g.
100 Machilus thunbergii were planted by the cultivation methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5, respectively.
(1) Statistics of prevention and treatment conditions after one year
Grading standard:
plant health care: the normal plants or the diseased plants recover to grow normally;
and (3) diseased plants: the disease symptoms are shown, and normal growth is not recovered or not completely recovered.
The calculation formula is as follows:
disease rate (%) ═ number of diseased plants/total number of tested plants × 100;
the results are shown in the following table:
(2) the heights of the machilus nannieri cultivated in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were recorded, and the results were as follows:
| average tree height (m) after one year | |
| Example 1 | 2.52 |
| Example 2 | 2.43 |
| Example 3 | 2.91 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.24 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.53 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.67 |
| Comparative example 4 | 2.56 |
| Comparative example 5 | 2.90 |
The results show that by adopting the cultivation method of the embodiment 1-3, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is effectively reduced; and the growth condition of the Machilus kuwayae is good, and strong adaptability and fast growth are shown.
Wherein, the comparison between the example 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 shows that the special pesticide of the invention can effectively inhibit the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, is beneficial to the high-efficiency absorption of water and fertilizer and promotes the rapid growth of the water and fertilizer.
Comparison between the comparative example 4 and the example 3 shows that the base fertilizer prepared according to the ratio of the invention is more beneficial to improving the resistance of the machilus nannieri, reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and promoting the growth of the machilus nannieri.
Comparison of comparative example 5 with example 3 shows that the use of an excess of insecticide has little effect on the control rate and growth, and that the preferred amount of the present invention is selected for cost reasons, which is more favorable to increase economic benefits.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A cultivation method for promoting growth of a Machilus thunbergii is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically ploughing: selecting tropical or subtropical area soil, and mechanically ploughing the soil by more than 50 cm;
(2) close planting: digging holes according to the row spacing of plants, and distributing the holes according to 2m by 2m, wherein the depth of each hole is more than 1.5 m; digging a planting hole, putting 38-42kg of base fertilizer which is a compound fertilizer and calcium superphosphate and is buried below 40cm of surface soil, and filling new soil with 18-23cm above the base fertilizer; putting the Machilus thunbergii seedlings into the tree pits, filling soil, and irrigating thoroughly after planting;
(3) and (5) maintenance: the insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of ginger, 5-8 parts of partridge vegetable, 1-3 parts of betel nut, 4-6 parts of pomegranate bark and 12-15 parts of fructus cnidii.
2. The cultivation method for promoting growth of a machilus pauhoi as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: juicing the ginger according to the weight parts to prepare ginger juice for later use; pulverizing Mallotus oblongifolius, areca nut, pomegranate rind and fructus cnidii, mixing the pulverized materials, soaking for 8-12 minutes, adding water in an amount which is 1-3 times of the total weight of the materials, heating at 60-70 ℃ for 25-35 minutes, heating at 100 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, cooling, filtering, mixing the filtrate with ginger juice, concentrating, drying and granulating to obtain the product.
3. The cultivation method for promoting growth of a machilus pauhoi as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the compound fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 3-4: 1.
4. the cultivation method for promoting growth of a machilus pauhoi as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the use method of the pesticide comprises the following steps: the composition is applied once a month, and the using amount of each plant is 40-60 g.
5. The cultivation method for promoting growth of a machilus pauhoi as claimed in claim 2 or 4, wherein: the pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of ginger, 6 parts of Mallotus oblongifolius, 2 parts of betel nut, 5 parts of pomegranate bark and 13 parts of fructus cnidii.
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