CN103918524B - The construction method of plant fire forest belt - Google Patents
The construction method of plant fire forest belt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of forest fire prevention, specifically disclose the construction method of a Plants fire forest belt, comprise the following steps: 1) divide zone, edit; 2) sapling is planted in zone; 3) zone plants sapling outward; 4) in zone, sapling is planted; 5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, plant fire forest belt can be formed.Compared with planting with traditional monocrop, Qiao, filling, straw or like vegetable are carried out combined type solid growth by the present invention, symbiosis is helped each other, constitute several species, multi-level, multifunctional stereo ecological network, the plant fire forest belt adopting the plant variety that fire resistance is strong, water content is high, have floral leaf fruit to take in build can play fireproofing function, can ensure that again mountain forest resource is utilized effectively, improve economic worth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of forest fire prevention, be specifically related to the construction method of plant fire forest belt.
Background technology
Man of Shu Duo mountain country of China, it is grassland big country, have 4,600,000,000 mu of mountain areas, 3000000000 mu of grassland, and arable land only has 1,800,000,000 mu, water surface area only 600,000,000 mu, country is annual drops into a large amount of manpowers, material resources, financial resources are used for forest fire protection, particularly the autumn and winter are dry, burn incense and offer sacrifices at the graves of one's ancestors on "Qingming", crop straw burning, thunders and lightnings etc. cause fire again and again to occur, the grassland that China is 3,000,000,000 mu belongs to the multiple area of fire, all by manually going on patrol fire prevention, see the fire prevention of fiery platform, the methods such as isolation strip fire prevention, be difficult to Expected Results, even if find mountain area or grassland breaking out of fire, once fire spreading, because the traffic in mountain area is rugged, grass wind stretches as far as eye can see greatly again, very large difficulty is brought to fire-fighting fire fighting of putting out the fire.According to statistics, the annual breaking out of fire of China reaches thousands of times, scarcely populated place is hard to guard against especially, this causes the heavy damage of ecotope undoubtedly, and also to drop into a large amount of human and material resources resources after breaking out of fire again to plant trees, bring heavy losses to country, people's property, therefore utilize bio-diversity to set up plant fire forest belt, its meaning is very great.
At present, the construction method of plant fire forest belt is mainly closed hillsides to facilitate afforestation, is conceded the land to forestry, through scientific and technical personnel breeding repeatedly and eliminate, summary and induction goes out the floristics that many heat resistances are good, have good flameproof effect, as one-level Properties of Fire Prevention Trees: spindle tree, pittosporum tobira, loquat, citrus, Photinia, tree-of-heaven etc.; Secondary Properties of Fire Prevention Trees: Chinese ilex, persimmon, Chinese photinia, camphor tree, Asiatic sweet leaf, tea, red bayberry, the bark of eucommia, Schima superba, glossy privet etc., wherein the leaf water content of Schima superba tree is up to 45%, can effectively resist spreading of the intensity of a fire, but the combat forest fires of planting these single plants foundation can only play local fireproof effect, prevent fires in spatial dimension and also have some limitations, moreover, there is contradiction with the theory of promotion mountain area, grassland ecological economic development in the result of implementation of said method, single afforestation just must inhibit mountain area, grassland ecological expanding economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the construction method of a Plants fire forest belt, adopting the method to build the fire forest belt formed can improve fire protecting performance, can produce economic benefit again, stimulate the economic development of mountain area, steppe.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the construction method of a Plants fire forest belt, comprises the following steps:
S1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, more than the width 30m of described zone;
S2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 30-50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw sapling one of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of sapling one, described sapling one is one or more in red bayberry, loquat, oranges and tangerines or oil tea seedlings;
S3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 30-50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw sapling two of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of sapling two, plant tree seedlings two peak width be more than 10m, described sapling two is one or more in camphor tree, Hong Nan, glossy privet or Schima superba;
S4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps S1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of sapling one, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, then all plant in the both sides of sapling one, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m.
S5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, plant fire forest belt can be formed.
Compared with planting with traditional monocrop, the present invention adopts fire resistance strong, water content is high, the plant variety having floral leaf fruit to take in sets up plant fire forest belt, the plant fire forest belt built can play fireproofing function, define again the benign cycle system of crop, thus realize resource and regenerate every year, green circulatory utilizes, plucked by large-scale planting, purchase, processing, obtain large quantities of agriculture and forestry products, effectively improve the income of local people, in addition, plant fire forest belt of the present invention and applicant are first granted patent " a kind of implantation methods of combined type circulating agricultural " (patent No. is ZL201210109005.9), " implantation methods of tea tree " (patent No. is ZL200810244516.5), it is integrated that " a kind of production technology of heart relief herbal tea " (patent No. is ZL200910144995.8) carries out patented technology, copy, combination, thus form multi-functional systemic circulation agricultural, the discarded object that such plant husbandry produces can extend to aquaculture, microorganism industry and the circulation of their processing industry thereof, form full industry supply chain, the availability of effective raising resource and output capacity.
Fire forest belt of the present invention is by Qiao, fill with, straw or like vegetable carries out combined type solid growth, symbiosis is helped each other, constitute several species, at many levels, multifunctional stereo ecological network, as cultivated red bayberry, loquat, oranges and tangerines or the contour bar seedlings of oil tea can open the solid space of fire forest belt, so can meet tea seedling needs appropriateness to shade and the feature of very strong adsorptivity, and low level place rescue the heart grass water content high, can effectively prevent fires, weed growth can be suppressed again, in addition, spacing distance between the sapling of combined type solid growth of the present invention, and the size etc. of fire forest belt built all is through, and applicant finally determines through long-term experimental study, adopt technical scheme disclosed in the present application both effectively can guarantee the fire protecting performance of fire forest belt, can ensure that again mountain forest resource is utilized effectively, improve economic worth.
Unified with nature rule of the present invention, science combines, and the plant fire forest belt of structure effectively can improve the economy of mountain forest grassland ecological, ecology and social benefit, in detail, such as the first, selection be perennial plant, The distance is far and the mountain is high need not plough sowing every year as level land; The second, the various plants floral leaf fruit of solid growth produces combined type income, as camellia oleifera fruit, tealeaves, rescues the heart grass integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, glossy privet and cries again " ash tree ", have very high medical value; Three, solid growth was both prevented fires, again can the ecological and water and soil of available protecting, and described seeds are all the plants that water content is high, fire resistance is strong; 4th, rescue heart grass fresh goods to be about 16kg-20kg and just can to make dry product 1kg and be used as medicinal material, utilize plant anthelmintic, desinsection, draw that worm eats worm, the methods such as worm controlled by Chinese herbal medicine, help the organic safety of product, such as Schima superba survival rate can reach more than 95%, and the leaf water content of Schima superba tree up to 45%, and has the function of poisoning insect nerve, camphor tree has function for expelling pests, can also prepare camphor tree wet goods; Five, build plant fire forest belt to need to breed sapling in a large number, revive again agricultural industry so undoubtedly.
As further preferred version: in described step S4, the kind of tea seedling is goldmat rhododendron herb, paper mulberry leaf tea, the one of black ox early or in Dragon Well tea.
What described step S4 kind was planted rescues heart grass is transplant after nutritive cube configuration symbiosis is cultivated, preferably carry out fully before transplanting watering, applying fertilizer, like this to rescue heart grass roots system complete, survival rate is high, as long as before rainfall, no matter what season can transplant, so-called heart grass of rescuing has another name called expense dish, Study on Sedum aizoon L, Sedum uizoon.
Further, described step S2 for start seedlings one hole be of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m, described step S3 for start seedlings two hole be of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m, described step S4 is of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m for the hole of planting tea seedling, above-mentioned three kinds for the size conforms in hole that starts seedlings the root dimensional requirement of seedling of planting trees, can guarantee that sapling can reliably be planted.
Sapling one in described step S2 and the sapling two in step S3 are high bar seedlings, concrete, namely utilize the reasonable heavy seeding of seed, seedling that rational density cuttage makes growth forms apical dominance, grow up to little high bar, then be transplanted to nutritive cube, then suppress apical dominance to form high bar seedlings, such sapling root system is complete, entirety is gone up a hill, survival rate is very high, solve seedling go up a hill root system destroy growth slow, to be covered into by weeds motility rate low, fill the gaps with seedlings every year, take effect the problem such as slow.
The weeds at place place, hole are imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer by described step S2, S3, S4, plant sapling again, so both can reduce mountain region water and soil loss with soil after covering, and can increase fertilizer again for the sapling of zone plantation.
The area of the zone marked off in described step S1 is 500 hectares, more than 1000 hectares or 2000 hectares, certainly, the division area of zone specifically can be determined in conjunction with actual conditions such as the mountain feelings of fire danger division, forest zone structure, population density, fire size class and fire protection requirements.
Described plant fire forest belt be in deserted mountain, barren hill, wasteland, sparse backwoods, public welfare forest, tea garden in mountainous area, oil tea orchard place build, that is, fire protection requirement is improved for needs, set up the place of fire belt, no matter be forest, or orchard, fire forest belt of the present invention can be set up, the planting tree that fire forest belt of the present invention is not pure, but make full use of mountain forest resource, at guarantee fireproof simultaneously, there is the value product such as medicinal material, flowers and fruits output, guarantee the development of local economy.
The zone marked off in described step S1 extends to arable land, reservoir, highway, pool or foot of the hill place always, that is, the Region dividing of fire forest belt is arranged and will be made full use of the natural conditions such as river, ridge, road, gully, mutual linking, form complete closed obstruct network, implement comprehensive obstruct, to guarantee fire forest belt fireproof reliability.
Embodiment
For disclosing technical scheme disclosed by the invention further, 1-4 is described by the following examples:
Embodiment 1:
1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, and the width of described zone is 100m;
2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 30m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole is dug and afterwards weeds is imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer, the raw high bar oil tea seedlings of upper 3-5 are directly planted again after covering with soil, the height 1.2-1.5m of oil tea seedlings, the hole of plantation oil tea seedlings is of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 30m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw high pole stock lotus seedlings of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of high pole stock lotus seedlings, the peak width of planting high pole stock lotus seedlings is 20m, and the hole of plantation Schima superba seedlings is of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps 1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of high bar oil tea seedlings, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, the hole of plantation tea seedling is of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m, then all plant in the both sides of high bar oil tea seedlings, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m;
5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, plant fire forest belt can be formed.
Embodiment 2:
1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, and the width of described zone is 120m;
2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 40m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole is dug and afterwards weeds is imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer, the raw high bar red bayberry seedlings of upper 3-5 are directly planted again after covering with soil, the height 1.2-1.5m of red bayberry seedlings, the hole of plantation red bayberry seedlings is of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 40m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw high bar camphor tree seedlings of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of high bar camphor tree seedlings, the peak width of planting high bar camphor tree seedlings is 20m, and the hole of plantation camphor tree seedlings is of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps 1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of high bar red bayberry seedlings, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, the hole of plantation tea seedling is of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m, then all plant in the both sides of high bar red bayberry seedlings, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m;
5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, namely form plant fire forest belt.
Embodiment 3:
1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, and the width of described zone is 90m;
2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 30m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole is dug and afterwards weeds is imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer, the raw red nanmu seedlings of high bar of upper 3-5 are directly planted again after covering with soil, the height 1.2-1.5m of red nanmu seedlings, the hole of planting red nanmu seedlings is of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 30m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw high bar loquat seedlings of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of high bar loquat seedlings, the peak width of planting high bar loquat seedlings is 20m, and the hole of plantation loquat seedlings is of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps 1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of the red nanmu seedlings of high bar, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, the hole of plantation tea seedling is of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m, then all plant in the both sides of the red nanmu seedlings of high bar, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m;
5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, namely form plant fire forest belt.
Embodiment 4:
1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, and the width of described zone is 130m;
2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole is dug and afterwards weeds is imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer, the raw high bar oranges and tangerines seedlings of upper 3-5 are directly planted again after covering with soil, the height 1.2-1.5m of oranges and tangerines seedlings, the hole of plantation oranges and tangerines seedlings is of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw high bar glossy privet seedlings of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of high bar glossy privet seedlings, the peak width of planting high bar glossy privet seedlings is 20m, and the hole of plantation glossy privet seedlings is of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m;
4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps 1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of high bar oranges and tangerines seedlings, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, the hole of plantation tea seedling is of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m, then all plant in the both sides of high bar oranges and tangerines seedlings, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m;
5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, namely form plant fire forest belt.
Claims (8)
1. the construction method of a Plants fire forest belt, comprises the following steps:
S1) zone, edit is divided: mark off the zone for building combat forest fires, close intermediate cutting is subtracted, cuts brush weeds to large tree in zone and around, then thick branch is removed, remaining withe and weeds original place are paved, more than the width 30m of described zone;
S2) sapling is planted in zone: dig pit in the center within zone 30-50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw sapling one of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of sapling one, described sapling one is one or more in red bayberry, loquat, oranges and tangerines or oil tea seedlings;
S3) zone plants sapling outward: digging pit from the both sides of zone 30-50m, adjacent pits is 3-5m along the spacing distance of zone length direction, is 4-6m along the spacing distance in stripe Lambdavidth direction, hole directly plants the raw sapling two of upper 3-5 after digging, the height 1.2-1.5m of sapling two, plant tree seedlings two peak width be more than 10m, described sapling two is one or more in camphor tree, Hong Nan, glossy privet or Schima superba;
S4) in zone, sapling is planted: next year is all cut down the large tree subtracting the reservation of close intermediate cutting in above-mentioned steps S1, the tea seedling planting two row 2-3 lifes in the ranks of sapling one, the line-spacing 0.3-0.5m of tea seedling plantation, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.8m, then all plant in the both sides of sapling one, tea seedling and rescue heart grass, rescue the spacing in the rows 0.2-0.30m of heart grass planting, line-spacing 0.2-0.30m.
S5) carry out year by year gathering, maintenance management, plant fire forest belt can be formed.
2. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step S4, the kind of tea seedling is one or more early or in Dragon Well tea of goldmat rhododendron herb, paper mulberry leaf tea, black ox.
3. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step S2 for start seedlings one hole be of a size of long 0.5-1.0m, wide 0.5-1.0m, dark 0.5-0.7m, described step S3 for start seedlings two hole is of a size of long 0.3-0.50m, wide 0.5-0.80m, dark 0.5-0.7m, described step S4 are of a size of long 0.2-0.30m, wide 0.3-0.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m for the hole of planting tea seedling.
4. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sapling one in described step S2 and the sapling two in step S3 are high bar seedlings.
5. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weeds at place place, hole are imbedded the end, hole as base fertilizer by described step S2, S3, S4, again plant sapling after covering with soil.
6. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the area of the zone marked off in described step S1 is 500 hectares, more than 1000 hectares or 2000 hectares.
7. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plant fire forest belt be in deserted mountain, barren hill, wasteland, sparse backwoods, public welfare forest, tea garden in mountainous area, oil tea orchard place build.
8. the construction method of plant fire forest belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the zone marked off in described step S1 extends to arable land, reservoir, highway, pool or foot of the hill place always.
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