CN111075861A - 自激制动钳 - Google Patents

自激制动钳 Download PDF

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CN111075861A
CN111075861A CN201910972929.3A CN201910972929A CN111075861A CN 111075861 A CN111075861 A CN 111075861A CN 201910972929 A CN201910972929 A CN 201910972929A CN 111075861 A CN111075861 A CN 111075861A
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caliper
brake
arm
self
plate
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CN111075861B (zh
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李光镇
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Kyung Chang Industrial Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D51/00Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
    • F16D51/46Self-tightening brakes with pivoted brake shoes, i.e. the braked member increases the braking action
    • F16D51/48Self-tightening brakes with pivoted brake shoes, i.e. the braked member increases the braking action with two linked or directly-interacting brake shoes
    • F16D51/50Self-tightening brakes with pivoted brake shoes, i.e. the braked member increases the braking action with two linked or directly-interacting brake shoes mechanically actuated
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/2255Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is pivoted
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/2245Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members in which the common actuating member acts on two levers carrying the braking members, e.g. tong-type brakes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/065Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/005Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0056Brake supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/005Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0068Brake calipers
    • F16D65/0075Brake calipers assembled from a plurality of parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/14Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0008Brake supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0016Brake calipers
    • F16D2055/002Brake calipers assembled from a plurality of parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0016Brake calipers
    • F16D2055/0029Retraction devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24Electric or magnetic using motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/60Cables or chains, e.g. Bowden cables
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/64Levers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/68Lever-link mechanisms, e.g. toggles with change of force ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/70Rods

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及自激制动钳。本发明的自激制动钳包括:钳支架(10),固定于车辆框架,并包含向车辆的高度方向延伸的旋转轴;第一钳臂(20)及第二钳臂(30),能够相对于钳支架(10)的旋转轴(12)旋转,并以相互交叉的方式连接;内侧制动器板(40);外侧制动器板(50)。第一钳臂(20;上部臂)在制动器盘的内侧以滑动的方式与内侧制动器板(40)的第一端部(41)连接,第一钳臂(20)的外侧端部(21)固定连接至外侧制动器板(50)的第二端部(52)。第二钳臂(30;下部臂)在制动器盘的内侧固定连接至内侧制动器板(40)的第二端部(42),第二钳臂(30)的外侧端部(31)能够以滑动方式与外侧制动器板(50)的第一端部(51)连接。第一钳臂(20)与第二钳臂(30)的内侧端部(22、32)被提供以使得接收所传输的驱动装置的驱动力。

Description

自激制动钳
技术领域
本发明涉及一种自激制动钳(Self-energizing Brake Caliper)。
背景技术
在液压式制动系统中,在驾驶者踩踏制动踏板的情况下,在主气缸发生的压力通过盘式制动钳或鼓式制动器轮缸(wheel cylinder)而变换为制动力。包括自激制动器(self-energizing brake)作为增强该制动力的设备,例如,美国专利第5,012,901号公开的利用球(ball)或斜坡(ramp)的自激制动器、美国专利第6,318,513号公开的利用楔效应(wedge effect)的自激制动器。
但现有的自激制动器因结构复杂,而量产性低且制造成本高,在利用楔(wedge)的结构中,因插入现象而发生的自锁(self-locking)等各种理由而自激制动器实际无法适用于车辆。
并且,在线控制动(Brake-by-wire)中,在使用通过电动机驱动的EMB(机电制动,electro-mechanical brake)钳时,为了将其使用于需要大的制动力的前轮用盘式制动器,需要极大增大因电动机的驱动而产生的制动力。
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的为提供一种自激制动钳,极大增加通过液压缸发生或通过马达而发生的制动力,由此,制动力优秀,且不会发生自锁。
用于解决问题的技术方案
本发明的自激制动钳(Self-energizing Brake Caliper)包括:钳支架10,固定于车辆框架,并包含向车辆的高度方向延伸的旋转轴;第一钳臂20及第二钳臂30,能够相对于钳支架10的旋转轴12旋转,并以相互交叉的方式连接;内侧制动器板40;外侧制动器板50。
第一钳臂(20;上部臂)在制动器盘的内侧以滑动的方式与内侧制动器板40的第一端部41连接,第一钳臂20的外侧端部21固定连接至外侧制动器板50的第二端部52。
第二钳臂(30;下部臂)在制动器盘的内侧固定连接至内侧制动器板40的第二端部42,第二钳臂30的外侧端部31能够以滑动方式与外侧制动器板50的第一端部51连接。
第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30的内侧端部22、32被提供以使得接收所传输的驱动装置的驱动力。
第一钳臂20被提供至第二钳臂30的上侧。
第一钳臂20包含第一安装孔23,第二钳臂30包含第二安装孔33。内侧制动器板的第一端部41包含第一插槽43,外侧制动器板的第一端部51包含第二插槽53。还包括通过第一安装孔23与第一插槽43的第一导件60、通过第二安装孔33与第二插槽53的第二导件70。第一导件60与第二导件70能够分别沿着第一插槽43与第二插槽53而滑动。
第一插槽43被提供至内侧制动器板的上侧与下侧,第二插槽53被提供至外侧制动器板的上侧与下侧。
在制动时,接收所传输的驱动力,以使第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30的内侧端部22、32相互远离。
钳支架10包括:安装面18;贯通孔19,与安装面18邻接形成。第一钳臂20在安装面18的上部与钳支架10连接,第二钳臂30与钳支架10连接,以使在安装面18的下部经过贯通孔19。
驱动装置100的驱动力作用点与旋转轴12之间的第一距离大于第一钳臂20的外侧端部21与旋转轴12之间的第二距离。第一距离为制动器盘的旋转轴方向的距离,第二距离为制动器板的长度方向的距离。
发明的效果
本发明通过杠杆效应,按压制动器板的力与驱动装置的驱动力相比,进行第一次增大,在制动器板的摩擦材料中发生的摩擦力产生将钳臂向制动器盘侧旋转的力矩,第二次增加施加至制动器板的垂直力,由此,增加制动力强化效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明的安装自激制动钳的制动器盘的立体图;
图2为从外侧(outboard)方向观察的图1的制动器盘的正面图;
图3为本发明的自激制动钳与制动器板的分解立体图;
图4为用于说明本发明的自激制动钳的运行的平面图。
附图标记说明
10:钳支架
20:第一钳臂
30:第二钳臂
40:内侧制动器板
50:外侧制动器板
60:第一导件
70:第二导件
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图对本发明进行具体说明。
在本说明书中,仅对本发明的说明所需的必要的构成要素进行说明,与本发明的本质无关的构成要素并未言及。并且,并非以仅包含言及的排它的构成要素的意义解释,应以也包含其它构成要素的非排它性的意义解释。
在本说明书中,内侧(inboard)是指制动器盘的车辆侧,外侧(outboard)是指在制动器盘的车辆的外部侧。
图1为本发明的安装自激制动钳的制动器盘的立体图,图2为从外侧方向观察的平面图,图3为本发明的自激制动钳的分解立体图。
本发明的自激制动钳包括:钳支架10、第一钳臂20、第二钳臂30、内侧制动器板40、外侧制动器板50。第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30以相互交叉的方式提供。
钳支架10,固定于车辆框架,并包含向车辆的高度方向延伸的旋转轴12。钳支架10通过安装螺栓5、6而固定于车辆框架。“车辆框架”是指未借助轮子的旋转而旋转的部分,更具体地,为悬架转向节(suspension knuckle)。钳支架10包括:安装面18与贯通孔19。贯通孔19与安装面18邻接形成。
旋转轴12为枢轴螺栓12,枢轴螺栓12贯通钳支架10的安装孔11,以将第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30能够与钳支架10旋转的方式连接。枢轴螺栓12使用槽顶螺母(castle nut;13)而联结端部以防止螺栓松开。并且,在钳臂20、30与钳支架10之间使用止推垫圈(2;thrustwasher)或止推轴承(thrust bearing),以用于钳臂20、30的顺畅旋转。
第一钳臂20在钳支架10的安装面18的上部与钳支架10联结,第二钳臂30在钳支架10的安装面18的下部经过贯通孔19而与钳支架10联结。通过如上所示结构而联结的情况下,防止发生倾斜至任一侧的现象。
驱动装置100传输驱动力,以使第一钳臂20及第二钳臂30进行剪刀运动。驱动装置100在液压式制动装置中为液压缸,在电子式制动装置(Brake-by-wire)中为由电驱动的电源组(power pack),其包括电动机、减速器、变位传感器及力传感器(force sensor)等。并且,驱动装置100也能够使用在自行车或摩托车等使用的直接拉力(direct pull)等电缆方式。此外,在为传输驱动力,以能够进行第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30的剪刀运动的装置的情况下,能够使用任一种。
第一钳臂20包括:外侧端部21、内侧端部22、第一安装孔23。外侧端部21固定于外侧制动器板50的第二端部52。安装螺栓8贯通外侧端部21的安装孔、形成于外侧制动器板50的第二端部52的安装孔,从而,联结外侧端部21与第二端部52。在安装螺栓8的端部通过联结销90,而防止安装螺栓8的滑脱。在需要比联结销更强的联结的情况下,也能够将槽顶螺母(castle nut)与安装螺栓8的端部联结,以代替联结销90。
第一导件60通过形成于内侧制动器板40的第一端部41的第一插槽43与第一安装孔23,而将第一钳臂20与内侧制动器板40联结,第一导件60沿着第一插槽43而能够滑动。第一插槽43沿着内侧制动器板40的长度方向延伸。在第一导件60的端部通过联结销90而防止第一导件60的滑脱。在需要比联结销90更强的联结的情况下,将槽顶螺母(castle nut)与第一导件60的端部联结,以代替联结销90。第一插槽43被提供至内侧制动器板40的上侧与下侧。
第一钳臂20的内侧端部22提供以使接收所传输的驱动装置100的驱动力。
第二钳臂30包括:外侧端部31、内侧端部32、第二安装孔33。外侧端部31可滑动地与外侧制动器板50的第一端部51联结。第二导件70通过形成于外侧制动器板50的第一端部51的第二插槽53与第二安装孔33而将第二钳臂30与外侧制动器板50联结,第二导件70沿着第二插槽53滑动。第二插槽53沿着外侧制动器板50的长度方向延伸。将联结销90通过第二导件70的端部而防止第二导件70的滑脱。在需要比联结销90更强联结的情况下,将槽顶螺母(castle nut)与第二导件70的端部联结,以代替联结销90。第二插槽53被提供至外侧制动器板50的上侧与下侧。
安装螺栓4贯通安装孔39与形成于内侧制动器板40的第二端部42的安装孔,而将第二钳臂30与内侧制动器板40固定于第二端部42。在安装螺栓4的端部通过联结销90而防止安装螺栓4的滑脱。在需要比联结销90更强的联结的情况下,将槽顶螺母(castle nut)与安装螺栓4的端部联结,以代替联结销90。
第二钳臂30的内侧端部32以接收所传输的驱动装置100的驱动力的方式提供。
内侧制动器板40包括在内侧与制动器盘1接触的摩擦材料45。外侧制动器板50包括在外侧与制动器盘1接触的摩擦材料55。
第一插槽43与第二插槽53的长度被设定使得下面所述的第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30的剪刀运动,直至内侧及外侧制动器板40、50的摩擦材料55完全消耗为止。
下面,参照图4对本发明的运行进行说明。为方便图示,在图4中省略钳支架10。从外侧观察制动器盘1时,假设为以顺时针方向旋转。
制动器驱动装置100在发生驱动力(F0),以用于制动的情况下,以第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30相互远离的方式推动。但第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30以对于旋转轴12而能够旋转的方式与钳支架10联结,由此,第一钳臂20对于旋转轴12以逆时针方向旋转,第二钳臂30相对于旋转轴12而以顺时针方向旋转。第一导件60沿着第一插槽43滑动,第二导件70沿着第二插槽53滑动。
此时,第一插槽43与摩擦材料45的摩擦面平行,第二插槽53与摩擦材料55的摩擦面平行提供,由此,在钳臂20、30进行剪刀运动期间,摩擦材料45、55保持相互平行的状态。
第一钳臂20的外侧端部21固定于外侧制动器板50的第二端部52,通过第一钳臂20的旋转,而增加外侧制动器板50按压制动器盘1的力。因此,按压外侧制动器板50的力,通过杠杆效应,为F0的a/c倍。即以大于驱动装置100所产生的力的力,按压制动器盘1,由此,具有增加制动力效果。并且,第二钳臂30在内侧固定于内侧制动器板40的第二端部42,也具有同样的增加制动力的效果。
并且,在内侧制动器板40与外侧制动器板50按压制动器盘1的情况下,通过制动器盘1的旋转而产生摩擦力Ff,该摩擦力Ff产生将第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30向制动器盘1侧旋转的力矩。通过该旋转力矩,内侧及外侧制动器盘板40、50按压制动器盘1的力(Fp)增加,从而,极大化磁化效果。
从外侧观察制动器盘时,在以逆时针方向旋转的情况下,即车辆后退的情况下,在内侧及外侧制动器板40、50的摩擦材料45、55产生的摩擦力Ff的方向相反,而发生制动力低下(deenergizing)的效果。但在该情况下,因通过杠杆效应而产生的制动力强化效果相同,由此,制动力强化的效果比前进的情况小,但在现有技术的后退时,制动力更优秀。并且,在车辆的后退时,因以较低的速度移动,与前进方向相比,即使制动力强化效果低,实际适用时完全不存在问题。
在松开(release)制动器时,制动器驱动装置100的力向驱动力(F0)的相反方向产生,由此,以相互接近的方式拉拽第一钳臂20与第二钳臂30。此时,钳臂20、30通过剪刀运动而将内侧制动器板40与外侧制动器板50由制动器盘1远离,因此,内侧及外侧制动器板40、50按压制动器盘1的力(Fp)消失。
由此,在本发明中,因制动时自激(self-energizing)效应及松开制动器(release)通过引起剪刀运动的联动装置(linkage)而发生,由此,未发生因在利用楔(wedge)的结构中显示的插入而产生的自锁现象(self-locking)。
综上,参照附图对本发明进行了说明,但本发明的权利范围根据权利要求书确定,并非以上述实施例及/或附图所限制的进行解释。并且,权利要求书中记载的发明的、本领域明了的改良、变更及修正也应明确理解为包含于本发明的权利要求范围内。例如,本发明的自激钳结构在不脱离本发明的技术思想的状态下,也能够以适合鼓式制动器(drumbrake)的方式修正而适用。

Claims (7)

1.一种自激制动钳,其特征在于,
包括:
钳支架,固定于车辆框架,并包含向车辆的高度方向延伸的旋转轴;
第一钳臂及第二钳臂,能够相对于钳支架的旋转轴旋转,以相互交叉的方式连接;
内侧制动器板;及
外侧制动器板,
第一钳臂,在制动器盘的内侧可滑动地与内侧制动器板的第一端部连接,第一钳臂的外侧端部固定连接至外侧制动器板的第二端部,
第二钳臂,在制动器盘的内侧固定连接至内侧制动器板的第二端部,第二钳臂的外侧端部能够滑动连接至外侧制动器板的第一端部,
第一钳臂与第二钳臂的内侧端部被提供以使接收所传输的驱动装置的驱动力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
第一钳臂被提供至第二钳臂的上侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
第一钳臂包含第一安装孔,
第二钳臂包含第二安装孔,
内侧制动器板的第一端部包含第一插槽,
外侧制动器板的第一端部包含第二插槽,
还包括:
第一导件,通过第一安装孔与第一插槽;
第二导件,通过第二安装孔与第二插槽,
第一导件与第二导件分别沿着第一插槽与第二插槽滑动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
第一插槽被提供至内侧制动器板的上侧与下侧,
第二插槽被提供至外侧制动器板的上侧与下侧。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
在运行制动时,接收所传输的驱动力,以使第一钳臂与第二钳臂的内侧端部相互远离。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
钳支架包括:
安装面;
贯通孔,与安装面邻接形成,
第一钳臂在安装面的上部与钳支架连接,
第二钳臂与钳支架连接,以使在安装面的下部经过贯通孔。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的自激制动钳,其特征在于,
驱动装置的驱动力作用点与旋转轴之间的第一距离大于第一钳臂的外侧端部与旋转轴之间的第二距离,
第一距离为制动器盘的旋转轴方向的距离,
第二距离为制动器板的长度方向的距离。
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CN111075861B (zh) 2021-06-11
DE102019127951A1 (de) 2020-04-23
US11028889B2 (en) 2021-06-08
DE102019127951B4 (de) 2024-02-29
US20200124119A1 (en) 2020-04-23

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