CN110770313B - 反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂 - Google Patents

反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂 Download PDF

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CN110770313B
CN110770313B CN201880040733.4A CN201880040733A CN110770313B CN 110770313 B CN110770313 B CN 110770313B CN 201880040733 A CN201880040733 A CN 201880040733A CN 110770313 B CN110770313 B CN 110770313B
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melt resin
reactive hot
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release agent
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CN110770313A (zh
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齐藤公惠
二宫淳
藤原丰邦
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Abstract

本发明提供一种反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，其特征在于，汉森溶解度参数中，分散项(δD)在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，偶极‑偶极力项(δP)在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项(δH)在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围。上述反应性热熔树脂用粘接剂优选为选自由苯甲酸酯、四氢糠醇、及(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯所组成的组中的1种以上的溶剂。上述反应性热熔树脂优选为含有具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物，上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的氨基甲酸酯键的含量，优选在0.1mol/kg～3mol/kg的范围。

Description

反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种反应性热熔树脂所使用的剥离剂。
背景技术
包含反应性热熔树脂的粘接剂，由于无溶剂，至今为止作为环境对应型粘接剂，以纤维接合-建材层压为中心进行各种研究，在产业界也被广泛应用。
另外，近年在光学部件的贴合中，受光学部件的轻量化、薄膜化的需求提高的影响，正研究以热熔粘接剂代替至今为主流的丙烯酸系粘合剂。
作为上述粘接剂，例如公开了一种使用耐湿热性热熔粘接剂组合物的粘接剂，该组合物的特征在于，相对于(a)100重量份的流动起始温度为55℃以上且110℃以下的聚氨酯树脂，配合(b)5～150重量份的Tg为0℃以上且110℃以下、分子量10000～25000的饱和聚酯树脂，(c)10～150重量份的软化点为60℃以上且140℃以下、分子量700～3000的环氧树脂以及(d)10～200重量份的经偶联剂表面处理的无机填料(例如，参照专利文献1)。
使用上述粘接剂所得到的层叠体具有牢固的粘接强度，因此从粘接性的观点出发，具有有利效果。然而，相反地，由于其无法剥离，而存在基材无法返工(rework)的问题。特别是，在反应性热熔树脂多用于光学部件的贴合的现今，由于多使用于液晶面板等的显示部或壳体等高价值被粘接体(基材)，强烈需求基于粘接剂的剥离而提高基材的返工性。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2003-27030号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明所要解决的课题在于，提供一种反应性热熔树脂与被粘接体的剥离性优异的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂。
解决课题的技术手段
本发明提供一种反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，其特征在于，汉森溶解度参数中，分散项(δD)在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，极化项(δP)在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项(δH)在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围。
发明效果
本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，可在使用反应性热熔树脂所得到的粘接剂层与被粘接体之间赋予优异的剥离性。另外，由此，可将通过上述粘接剂层粘接的基材分离，故基材的返工性也优异。
具体实施方式
本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂必须具有下列条件：汉森溶解度参数中，分散项(δD)在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，极化项(δP)在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项(δH)在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围。作为剥离对象的反应性热熔树脂具有在常温为固体，且可通过加热而熔融的特征，其汉森溶解度参数中的分散相的值，一般而言，分散项(δD)在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，极化项(δP)在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项(δH)在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围。这样，通过上述剥离剂的分散项(δD)在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，极化项(δP)在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项(δH)在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围，从而具有与反应性热熔树脂的良好亲和性，由此得到适度的溶胀性及溶解性，能够得到优异的剥离性。需要说明的是，本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂即使未施行加热等处理，也能简便地将反应性热熔树脂与基材剥离，另外，由于不发生基材溶解-浸蚀，因此为例如基材的返工性优异的剥离剂。
需要说明的是，该汉森溶解度参数是指，将由希尔德布兰德(Hildebrand)导入的溶解度参数分解为分散项(δD)、极化项(δP)、氢键项(δH)这样的3个成分并在3维空间中表示的参数。分散项(δD)表示分散力所导致的效果、极化项(δP)表示偶极-偶极力所导致的效果，氢键项(δH)表示氢键力所导致的效果。
需要说明的是，汉森溶解度参数的定义及计算，记载于Charles M.Hansen著《Hansen Solubility Parameters；A Users Handbook(CRC Press,2007)》中。另外，通过使用电脑软件“Hansen Solubility Parametersin Practice(HSPiP)”，对于文献上未记载参数值的有机溶剂，也可从其化学结构估算汉森溶解度参数。在本发明中，对于文献上记载了参数值的溶剂，使用其值，对于文献上未记载参数值的有机溶剂，使用以HSPiP 4.1.06版本估算的参数值。
本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，可使用1种溶剂，另外，也可将2种以上的溶剂并用。在并用2种以上的情况，可使各种溶剂的汉森溶解度参数的3个参数加权平均的值处于上述范围内而进行组合使用。
作为上述汉森溶解度参数中的上述分散项(δD)，从通过相溶性而得到更优异的剥离性的观点出发，更优选为在16.5～19.0MPa0.5的范围。另外，作为上述极化项(δP)，从通过濡湿性而得到更优异的剥离性的观点出发，更优选为在4.5～9.0MPa0.5的范围。进而，作为上述氢键项(δH)，从通过溶解性而得到更优异的剥离性的观点出发，更优选为在3～13.0MPa0.5的范围。
作为用作上述反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂的具体例，可举出：苯甲酸甲酯(分散项(δD)：18.9、极化项(δP)：8.2、氢键项(δH)：4.7)、苯甲酸乙酯(分散项(δD)：17.9、极化项(δP)：6.2、氢键项(δH)：6.0)、苯甲酸丁酯(分散项(δD)：18.3、极化项(δP)：5.6、氢键项(δH)：5.5)、苯甲酸己酯(分散项(δD)：17.2、极化项(δP)：4.9、氢键项(δH)：3.4)、苯甲酸二乙二醇酯(汉森溶解度参数：分散项(δD)：17.6、极化项(δP)：9.0、氢键项(δH)：4.8)、苯甲酸二丙二醇酯(分散项(δD)：17.5、极化项(δP)：8.0、氢键项(δH)：4.0)等苯甲酸酯；四氢糠醇(分散项(δD)：17.8、极化项(δP)8.2、氢键项(δH)：12.9)、丙烯酸四氢糠酯(分散项(δD)：16.9、极化项(δP)：5.9、氢键项(δH)：6.5)、甲基丙烯酸四氢糠酯(分散项(δD)：16.8、极化项(δP)：5.2、氢键项(δH)：5.7)。
作为上述反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，从保持反应性热熔树脂被膜的强度并同时通过相溶化使剥离变得更容易的观点出发，上述物质中，优选使用选自由苯甲酸酯、四氢糠醇、及(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯所组成的组中的1种以上的溶剂。
作为上述反应性热熔树脂，例如，可使用聚酯树脂、改性烯烃树脂、含有具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物的湿气固化型热熔树脂等。只要通过本发明的剥离剂，就可对这些反应性热熔树脂赋予良好的剥离性。
作为上述湿气固化型热熔树脂中所用的具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物，例如，可使用使多元醇与多异氰酸酯反应所得到的化合物。另外，也可使它们进一步与具有(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物反应，从而赋予活性能量射线固化性。
作为上述多元醇，可使用聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、丙烯酸系多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚丁二烯多元醇、二聚体二醇等。
作为上述多元醇的数均分子量，从得到良好粘接性且机械强度的观点出发，优选为500～50000的范围，更优选为700～10000的范围。需要说明的是，上述聚醚多元醇的数均分子量表示通过凝胶渗透层析(GPC)法测定的值。
作为上述多异氰酸酯，例如，可使用：聚亚甲基聚苯基多异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、碳二亚胺改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、亚苯基二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、萘二异氰酸酯等芳香族多异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、环己烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯等脂肪族或脂环族多异氰酸酯。这些中，从反应性及粘接性的观点出发，特别优选使用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物是使上述多元醇与上述多异氰酸酯反应所得到的化合物，其为在聚合物末端或分子内具有异氰酸酯基的化合物，该异氰酸酯基能与空气中或将要被涂布氨基甲酸酯预聚物的壳体或被粘接体中所存在的水分反应，形成交联结构。
作为上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的制造方法，例如，可使用通过在加入上述多异氰酸酯的反应容器中，将上述多元醇的混合物滴入后进行加热，在上述多异氰酸酯所具有的异氰酸酯基相对于上述多元醇所具有的羟基为过量的条件下使其反应而制造的方法。
在制造上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物时，上述多异氰酸酯所具有的异氰酸酯基与上述多元醇所具有的羟基的当量比([异氰酸酯基/羟基])，从粘接性及机械强度的观点出发，优选为1.1～5的范围，更优选为1.5～3的范围。
在制造上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物时，根据需要，可使用氨基甲酸酯化催化剂。氨基甲酸酯化催化剂可在上述反应的任何阶段适宜地添加。
上述氨基甲酸酯化催化剂，例如可使用三乙胺、三亚乙基二胺及N-甲基吗啉等含氮化合物；乙酸钾、硬脂酸锌及辛酸锡等金属盐；二丁基锡二月桂酸酯等有机金属化合物等。
作为通过以上的方法所得到的氨基甲酸酯预聚物的氨基甲酸酯键量，从与本发明的剥离剂具有良好的亲和性，能够得到更加优异的粘接性及剥离性的观点出发，优选为0.1～3mol/kg的范围，更优选为0.2～2mol/kg的范围。需要说明的是，上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的氨基甲酸酯键量，表示根据上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的原料的使用量算出的值。
另外，作为上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的异氰酸酯基含有率(以下简称为“NCO％”)，从能得到更良好的粘接性及剥离性的观点出发，优选为1.5～8质量％的范围，更优选为1.7～5质量％的范围，特别优选为1.8～3质量％的范围。需要说明的是，上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的NCO％，表示根据JIS K1603-1：2007，通过电位差滴定法测定的值。
作为上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物的粘度，在110℃的熔融粘度优选为1000～50000mPa·s的范围，更优选为2000～10000mPa·s的范围。需要说明的是，上述在110℃的熔融粘度表示使用ICI锥板粘度计测定的值。
另外，在对上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物赋予活性能量射线固化性时，作为能与其反应的上述具有(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物，例如，可使用：(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸3-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸6-羟基己酯、羟基乙基丙烯酰胺等具有羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯；三羟甲基丙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯等具有羟基的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯；聚乙二醇单丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇单丙烯酸酯；2-(甲基)丙烯酰基氧基乙基异氰酸酯、2-(2-(甲基)丙烯酰基氧基乙基氧基)乙基异氰酸酯、1,1-双((甲基)丙烯酰基氧基甲基)乙基异氰酸酯等具有异氰酸酯基的(甲基)丙烯酸系化合物等。
上述含有具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物的湿气固化型热熔树脂，可仅由上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物构成，但根据需要也可含有其他的添加剂。
作为上述其他的添加剂，例如，可使用固化催化剂、抗氧化剂、增粘剂、增塑剂、稳定剂、充填材料、染料、颜料、荧光增白剂、硅烷偶联剂、蜡等。
作为上述反应性热熔树脂所使用的用途，例如，可适合地用作纤维接合、建材层压、光学部件的贴合等。
作为用于上述光学部件的贴合的实施方式，例如，可举出手机、个人电脑、游戏机、电视、汽车导航、相机扬声器、钓具的电动卷轴等的密封剂。
在进行上述贴合的情况，例如，可举出将上述反应性热熔树脂在50～130℃的温度范围加热熔融，将该组合物涂布于一方的基材上，再在该树脂层上贴合另一方的基材，从而得到层叠体的方法。
作为上述基材，例如，可使用由玻璃板、不锈钢(SUS)或镁、铝等金属板、降冰片烯等环烯烃系树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、硅树脂、环氧树脂、氟树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚砜树脂、聚芳酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚偏氯乙烯、聚烯烃树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、脂环式聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂、纤维素树脂、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚苯醚(改性PPE)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、乳酸聚合物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)等所得到的基材。另外，上述基材根据需要也可进行电晕放电处理、等离子体处理、或底漆处理等。
作为将上述反应性热熔树脂涂布于上述基材的方法，例如，可使用辊涂、喷涂、T-模头涂布、刀片涂布、逗点式涂布等。另外，上述反应性热熔树脂，由于具有低粘度性或涂布后的保型性等，也可通过点胶机(dispenser)、喷墨印刷、丝网印刷、胶版印刷等方式进行涂布。如果利用这些涂布方式，由于可在上述构件上需要涂布处涂布上述反应性热熔树脂，不会产生冲孔加工等的损失，故而优选。另外，如果利用这些涂布方式，可将上述反应性热熔树脂在上述基材上连续地或间断地形成点状、线状、三角状、四边形状、圆状、曲线等各种形状。
作为上述反应性热熔树脂的固化物层的厚度，可根据所使用的用途而设定，例如能适宜地设定为10μm～5mm的范围。
作为上述贴合后的老化条件，例如，可在温度20～80℃、相对湿度50～90％RH、0.5～5天的范围内适宜地决定。
通过以上的方法，可得到具有至少2层牢固地粘接的上述基材与上述反应性热熔粘接剂层的层叠体。作为从该层叠体将上述反应性热熔粘接剂层剥离而回收基材的方法，可举出使层叠体浸渍于本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂中的方法；使用棉花棒、纸或布等涂布或擦拭层叠体的反应性热熔粘接剂层的方法等。
以上，本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，可在使用反应性热熔树脂所得到的粘接剂层与被粘接体之间赋予优异的剥离性。另外，基于该剥离剂，由于可将利用上述粘接剂层粘接的基材分离，所以基材的返工性优异。
实施例
以下，通过使用实施例，更详细地说明本发明。
[合成例1]
＜氨基甲酸酯预聚物(1)的合成＞
在具备温度计、搅拌机、非活性气体导入口及回流冷却器的四口烧瓶中，添加15质量份的聚丙二醇(数均分子量：1000)、15质量份的聚丙二醇(数均分子量：2000)、10质量份的结晶性聚酯多元醇(使1,6-己二醇与己二酸反应而成，数均分子量：2000)、10质量份的结晶性聚酯多元醇(使1,6-己二醇与1,12-十二烷二羧酸反应而成，数均分子量：3500)、15质量份的非晶性聚酯多元醇(使双酚A的6摩尔环氧丙烷加成物、癸二酸及间苯二甲酸反应而成，数均分子量：2000)、2.5质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(使丙烯酸丁酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸乙酯/甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯＝69.65/25/5/0.35(质量比)反应而成，数均分子量：13000，玻璃化转变温度：-30.3℃)，在减压条件下脱水至含水率成为0.05质量％以下为止。
接下来，将容器内温度冷却至70℃后，添加16.5质量份的4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，并升温至100℃，反应约3小时，直至异氰酸酯基含有率为恒定，得到具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物(1)。需要说明的是，所得的氨基甲酸酯预聚物(1)的分散项(δD)：17.7、极化项(δP)：5.6、氢键项(δH)：5.3。另外，氨基甲酸酯预聚物(1)的氨基甲酸酯键的含量为0.90mol/kg。
需要说明的是，合成例所用的多元醇的数均分子量表示通过凝胶渗透层析(GPC)法依照以下的条件所测定的值。
测定装置：高速GPC装置(东曹株式会社制“HLC-8220GPC”)
层析柱：将东曹株式会社制的下述层析柱串联连接而使用。
“TSKgel G5000”(7.8mmI.D.×30cm)×1根
“TSKgel G4000”(7.8mmI.D.×30cm)×1根
“TSKgel G3000”(7.8mmI.D.×30cm)×1根
“TSKgel G2000”(7.8mmI.D.×30cm)×1根
检测器：RI(差示折射计)
柱温：40℃
洗脱液：四氢呋喃(THF)
流速：1.0mL/分钟
注入量：100μL(试样浓度0.4质量％的四氢呋喃溶液)
标准试样：使用下述的标准聚苯乙烯制成校准曲线。
(标准聚苯乙烯)
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯A-500”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯A-1000”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯A-2500”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯A-5000”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-1”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-2”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-4”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-10”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-20”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-40”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-80”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-128”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-288”
东曹株式会社制“TSKgel标准聚苯乙烯F-550”
[层叠体的制作]
通过使上述氨基甲酸酯预聚物(1)在110℃加热熔融，使用加热至110℃的具有直径0.4mm内径的点胶机针头(武藏工程株式会社制点胶机“VAVE MASTER ME-5000VT”)，以喷出压力：0.3MPa、加工速度50mm/秒，在PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)膜(13cm×15cm，厚度50μm)上，以厚度为0.2mm的方式涂布1边10cm的直线，在温度23℃、相对湿度65％的恒温恒湿槽中放置3天，由此得到层叠体。
[实施例1]
对于所得到的层叠体的PET膜/粘接剂层面，使用棉花棒涂布100质量％四氢糠醇的剥离剂，在23℃的温度环境下放置5分钟，用镊子剥离直线的前端，然后固定于普及型数字测力计(株式会社Imada制“DS2-200N”)，通过测定剥离强度(N)，进行剥离性试验。需要说明的是，还一并进行了涂布剥离剂前的层叠体的剥离性试验。
[实施例2～5，比较例1～2]
将剥离剂的种类如表1～2所示进行变更，除此以外，以与实施例1同样的方式进行了剥离性试验。
[表1]
Figure BDA0002324156830000101
[表2]
Figure BDA0002324156830000111
可知，对于本发明的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂而言，反应性热熔粘接剂层与基材的剥离性优异。
另一方面，比较例1中使用汉森溶解度参数中的氢键项(δH)超出本发明所规定范围的剥离剂，剥离强度的降低小，剥离性不充分。
另外，比较例2中使用汉森溶解度参数的偶极-偶极力项(δP)及氢键项(δH)超出本发明所规定范围的剥离剂，剥离强度的降低小，剥离性不充分。

Claims (4)

1.一种反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，其特征在于，所述反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂的汉森溶解度参数中，分散项δD在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，偶极-偶极力项δP在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项δH在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围，
所述反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂为选自由苯甲酸酯、四氢糠醇、及(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯所组成的组中的1种以上的溶剂，
所述反应性热熔树脂为含有具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物的湿气固化型热熔树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂，其中，所述氨基甲酸酯预聚物中的氨基甲酸酯键的含量在0.1mol/kg～3mol/kg的范围。
3.一种溶剂作为反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂的用途，其特征在于，所述反应性热熔树脂用剥离剂的汉森溶解度参数中，分散项δD在14.0～21.0MPa0.5的范围，偶极-偶极力项δP在0～10.5MPa0.5的范围，氢键项δH在0～13.5MPa0.5的范围，
所述溶剂为选自由苯甲酸酯、四氢糠醇、及(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯所组成的组中的1种以上，
所述反应性热熔树脂为含有具有异氰酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯预聚物的湿气固化型热熔树脂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用途，其中，所述氨基甲酸酯预聚物中的氨基甲酸酯键的含量在0.1mol/kg～3mol/kg的范围。
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