CN110730765A - 一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途 - Google Patents

一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110730765A
CN110730765A CN201780090678.5A CN201780090678A CN110730765A CN 110730765 A CN110730765 A CN 110730765A CN 201780090678 A CN201780090678 A CN 201780090678A CN 110730765 A CN110730765 A CN 110730765A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
binder
product
oil
product according
hydrocolloid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201780090678.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
T·海尔姆加德
T·蒂勒曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell International Ltd
Original Assignee
Rockwell International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rockwell International Ltd filed Critical Rockwell International Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2017/079090 external-priority patent/WO2018206131A1/en
Publication of CN110730765A publication Critical patent/CN110730765A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/041—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/146—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers whereby one or more of the layers is a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/1095—Coating to obtain coated fabrics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
    • C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
    • C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C03C25/321—Starch; Starch derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
    • C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
    • C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C03C25/328—Polyamides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C08L1/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals, e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
    • C08L5/12—Agar or agar-agar, i.e. mixture of agarose and agaropectin; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L89/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
    • C08L89/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin, e.g. gelatin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09H—PREPARATION OF GLUE OR GELATINE
    • C09H11/00—Adhesives based on glue or gelatine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J101/00—Adhesives based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
    • C09J101/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C09J101/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C09J101/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J101/00—Adhesives based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
    • C09J101/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C09J101/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C09J101/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C09J101/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J103/00—Adhesives based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
    • C09J103/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
    • C09J105/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
    • C09J105/06—Pectin; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
    • C09J105/12—Agar-agar; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J189/00—Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J189/00—Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C09J189/005—Casein
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J189/00—Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C09J189/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
    • C09J189/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/413—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing granules other than absorbent substances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/724—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged forming webs during fibre formation, e.g. flash-spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B2037/1253—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives curable adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B2037/1269—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives multi-component adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/108—Rockwool fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/20—Fibres of continuous length in the form of a non-woven mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/02—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/14—Mineral wool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2213/00—Glass fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C08J2301/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2389/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
    • C08J2389/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
    • C08J2389/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/06—Pectin; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/12—Agar-agar; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2493/00—Characterised by the use of natural resins; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/52—Aqueous emulsion or latex, e.g. containing polymers of a glass transition temperature (Tg) below 20°C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
    • C09J2400/10—Presence of inorganic materials
    • C09J2400/14—Glass
    • C09J2400/146—Glass in the pretreated surface to be joined
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2401/00—Presence of cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2403/00—Presence of starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2405/00—Presence of polysaccharides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2489/00—Presence of protein
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
    • C12N9/0012—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7)
    • C12N9/0014—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7) acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (1.4)
    • C12N9/0022—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7) acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (1.4) with oxygen as acceptor (1.4.3)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
    • C12N9/0051—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on a sulfur group of donors (1.8)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
    • C12N9/0055—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (1.10)
    • C12N9/0057—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (1.10) with oxygen as acceptor (1.10.3)
    • C12N9/0059—Catechol oxidase (1.10.3.1), i.e. tyrosinase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
    • C12N9/0065—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
    • C12N9/0071—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on paired donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (1.14)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
    • C12N9/1025—Acyltransferases (2.3)
    • C12N9/104—Aminoacyltransferases (2.3.2)
    • C12N9/1044—Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase (2.3.2.13), i.e. transglutaminase or factor XIII
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/90—Isomerases (5.)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y104/00—Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (1.4)
    • C12Y104/03—Oxidoreductases acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (1.4) with oxygen as acceptor (1.4.3)
    • C12Y104/03013—Protein-lysine 6-oxidase (1.4.3.13), i.e. lysyl-oxidase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y108/00—Oxidoreductases acting on sulfur groups as donors (1.8)
    • C12Y108/03—Oxidoreductases acting on sulfur groups as donors (1.8) with oxygen as acceptor (1.8.3)
    • C12Y108/03002—Thiol oxidase (1.8.3.2)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y110/00—Oxidoreductases acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (1.10)
    • C12Y110/03—Oxidoreductases acting on diphenols and related substances as donors (1.10) with an oxygen as acceptor (1.10.3)
    • C12Y110/03001—Catechol oxidase (1.10.3.1), i.e. tyrosinase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y111/00—Oxidoreductases acting on a peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
    • C12Y111/01—Peroxidases (1.11.1)
    • C12Y111/01007—Peroxidase (1.11.1.7), i.e. horseradish-peroxidase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y114/00—Oxidoreductases acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (1.14)
    • C12Y114/18—Oxidoreductases acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (1.14) with another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen (1.14.18)
    • C12Y114/18001—Tyrosinase (1.14.18.1)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y203/00—Acyltransferases (2.3)
    • C12Y203/01—Acyltransferases (2.3) transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (2.3.1)
    • C12Y203/01013—Glycine N-acyltransferase (2.3.1.13)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y203/00—Acyltransferases (2.3)
    • C12Y203/02—Aminoacyltransferases (2.3.2)
    • C12Y203/02013—Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase (2.3.2.13), i.e. transglutaminase or factor XIII
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y503/00—Intramolecular oxidoreductases (5.3)
    • C12Y503/04—Intramolecular oxidoreductases (5.3) transposing S-S bonds (5.3.4)
    • C12Y503/04001—Protein disulfide-isomerase (5.3.4.1), i.e. disufide bond-forming enzyme
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/743—Animal products, e.g. wool, feathers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7683—Fibrous blankets or panels characterised by the orientation of the fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7687—Crumble resistant fibrous blankets or panels using adhesives or meltable fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure

Abstract

本发明涉及一种防火隔热产品，所述防火隔热产品包括气流成网的矿棉纤维和粘结剂，所述粘结剂是固化包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的结果，并且所述产品还包含颗粒状吸热材料。

Description

一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途
技术领域
本发明涉及包含矿棉纤维的防火隔热产品。
背景技术
已知矿棉纤维产品具有防火特性。实施例自EP 1 086 055、EP 1 928 796、WO 97/20780或EP 3 187 474 A1已知。
常规地，可以经济方式生产的苯酚-甲醛树脂已经用作将矿棉纤维粘结在一起的粘结剂组合物。
然而，这些粘结剂的缺点在于它们含有甲醛，因此它们潜在地有害，并且期望用无甲醛的粘结剂代替这些常规的粘结剂。
非苯酚-甲醛粘结剂通常是糖基粘结剂，诸如例如在EP2990494A1、PCT/EP2015/080758、WO2007/014236、WO2011/138458和WO2009/080938中公开的组合物。
然而，所有这些粘结剂的缺点在于它们需要高温来固化，这使得必须长时间施加热量以固化粘结剂并使矿物纤维彼此粘结。因此，在生产中，必须在形成产品之后使粘结剂固化。这种固化是通过在烤箱中将产品加热到200-250℃的温度一定时间来实现的。这种加热增加了生产时间和生产成本，这正是因为其设定了可以向产品中添加材料的一些约束，因为材料必须能够承受这种升高的加热。此外，这些已知粘结剂的高温固化导致必须处理的有害或刺激性物质的散发。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种减少或消除上述缺点的防火隔热产品。
发明内容
这些目的利用防火隔热产品得以实现，该防火隔热产品包括气流成网的矿棉纤维和粘结剂，所述粘结剂是固化包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的结果，并且所述产品还包含颗粒状吸热材料。
令人惊讶地发现，可以使用可以在相对较低的温度下固化的粘结剂，该粘结剂允许将其他物质添加到矿棉防火产品中，以进一步改善产品的防火特性。此外，由于在一些实施方式中用于产品的粘结剂通常不包含任何有害物质，并且在固化期间通常不释放任何有害物质，因此可以实现更环境友好的生产。
优选地，粘结剂还包含至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
在一个实施方式中，颗粒状吸热材料均匀分布在防火隔热产品内。
然而，在一个优选的实施方式中，所述产品具有第一面区段和第二面区段，在所述第一面区段和所述第二面区段之间具有芯区段，并且所述颗粒状吸热材料被分布成使得在所述矿棉纤维产品的芯区段中的吸热材料的浓度高于在所述面区段中的吸热材料的浓度。这是有利的，因为在根据本发明的矿棉产品中，吸热材料吸收能量，从而延迟了来自火的热量从一侧扩散到另一侧。通过使颗粒材料主要位于芯区段，可以将颗粒材料在处理过程中从产品中掉落的风险降到最低。此外，这是有利的，因为此类产品从其任一侧都提供了同样良好的防火性。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，吸热材料选自由以下构成的群组：石膏、氢氧化镁、水菱镁矿、氢氧化铝和三氢氧化铝。
在本发明的第二方面，提供了一种防火隔热产品的用途，该防火隔热产品包括气流成网的矿棉纤维和粘结剂，所述粘结剂是固化包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的结果，并且所述产品包含颗粒状吸热材料。
因此，根据本发明的产品可以用于结构(诸如建筑结构)的防火、作为防火门的插入件或用于通风管道的防火。
具体实施方式
矿棉元件
矿棉元件通常包括人造玻璃质纤维(MMVF)，诸如例如玻璃纤维、陶瓷纤维、玄武岩纤维、渣棉、矿棉和石棉，其通过固化的矿棉粘结剂(其传统上为热固性聚合物粘结剂材料)粘结在一起。用作隔热或隔音产品的粘结矿物纤维垫通常是以常规方式，例如通过纺杯法或级联转子法，将适当的原料制得的熔体转换为纤维来生产。将纤维吹入成形室，并且气载的纤维趁热用粘结剂溶液喷涂，并在行进输送机上随机沉积为垫或网。然后将纤维网转移到固化炉中，其中将加热的空气吹过网以固化粘结剂并将矿物纤维牢固地粘结在一起。
如果需要，可在固化之前对网进行成型过程。粘结的矿物纤维元件可切割成所需的形式，例如为毡的形式。因此，矿棉元件例如具有织造和非织造织物、垫、毡、板、片、碟、条、卷、粒状和其他成型制品的形式，其可用作例如隔热或隔音材料、减振、构造材料、外墙隔热、屋顶或地板应用的增强材料、过滤材料、园艺生长培养基和其他应用。还已知矿棉元件具有优异的阻燃特性，因此通常用于结构(诸如建筑物结构)、技术装置的防火或作为防火门中的插入件。
矿棉粘结剂
本发明中的粘结剂通过固化包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物而产生。在一个优选的实施方式中，粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
在一个优选的实施方式中，用于本发明的粘结剂是无甲醛的。
为了本申请的目的，术语“无甲醛”被定义为表征矿棉产品，其中来自矿棉产品的甲醛的排放低于5μg/m2/h，优选地低于3μg/m2/h。优选地，根据用于测试甲醛排放的ISO16000进行测试。
根据本发明的矿棉产品的实施方式的令人惊奇的优点是其表现出自我修复特性。在暴露于非常恶劣的条件下之后，当矿棉产品松动其强度的一部分时，根据本发明的矿棉产品可重新获得初始强度的一部分或全部或甚至超过初始强度。在一个实施方式中，老化强度是未老化强度的至少80％，诸如至少90％、诸如至少100％、诸如至少130％、诸如至少150％。这与常规的矿棉产品形成对比，其中暴露于恶劣环境条件之后的强度损失是不可逆的。虽然不想受任何特定理论的束缚，但本发明人认为，根据本发明的矿棉产品中的这种令人惊奇的特性是由于形成于固化的粘结剂组合物的网络中键的复杂本性，该固化的粘结剂组合物诸如是由含酚和/或醌的化合物所交联的蛋白质，或者是由酶交联的蛋白质，其还包括四级结构和氢键，并且允许在回到正常环境条件之后建立网络中的键。对于隔热产品，例如用作有时可能在高温下运行的技术设备的隔热和防火措施，这对于产品的长期稳定性来说，是重要的优点。
水胶体
水胶体为植物、动物、微生物或人工合成的亲水性聚合物，通常包含许多羟基基团，并且可为聚电解质。水胶体广泛用于控制含水食料的功能特性。
水胶体可以是蛋白质或多糖，并且完全或部分地溶于水，并且主要用于增加连续相(水相)的粘度，即作为胶凝剂或增稠剂。水胶体还可用作乳化剂，这是因为其对乳液的稳定效应源自于水相的粘度增加。
水胶体通常由类似的但不相同的分子的混合物构成，并且由不同来源和制备方法产生。热处理以及例如盐含量、pH和温度均影响其展现的物理特性。水胶体的描述通常呈现理想化结构，但由于其是具有例如由随机酶作用确定，而不是由遗传密码精确制定(laydown)的结构的天然产物(或衍生物)，因此结构可与理想结构不同。
许多水胶体为聚电解质(例如褐藻胶、明胶、羧甲基纤维素和黄原胶)。
聚电解质是其中大量重复单元具有电解质基团的聚合物。聚阳离子和聚阴离子为聚电解质。这些基团在水溶液(水)中解离，使聚合物带电。从而，聚电解质特性类似于电解质(盐)和聚合物(高分子量化合物)，并且有时被称为聚盐。
带电基团确保特别是每分子基础上的强力水合。抗衡离子和共离子(与聚电解质具有相同电荷的离子)的存在引入离子特异性这一复杂性能。
抗衡离子的比例与被捕集在其静电场中的聚电解质保持紧密关联，从而减少了抗衡离子的活性和移动率。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含选自Mg2+、Ca2+、Sr2+、Ba2+的组的一种或多种抗衡离子。
聚电解质的另一个特性是高线性电荷密度(每单位长度的带电基团数)。
通常，中性水胶体较不可溶，而聚电解质更可溶。
许多水胶体也凝胶。凝胶是显示类固体行为的含液态水的网络，其特征强度视其浓度而定，并且其硬度和脆度视所存在的水胶体的结构而定。
水凝胶是能够溶胀以吸收和保持大量水的亲水性交联聚合物。水凝胶在卫生产品中的用途特别已知。常用的材料使用聚丙烯酸酯，但水凝胶可通过交联可溶性水胶体，以制备不溶的但弹性的且亲水性的聚合物而制成。
水胶体的示例包括：琼脂、褐藻胶、阿拉伯木聚糖、卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素、纤维素、凝胶多糖、明胶、结冷胶、β-葡聚糖、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、果胶、淀粉、黄原胶。在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体选自明胶、果胶、淀粉、褐藻胶、琼脂、卡拉胶、结冷胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯木聚糖、纤维素、凝胶多糖、β-葡聚糖构成的群组。
聚电解质水胶体的示例包括：明胶、果胶、褐藻胶、卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体为聚电解质水胶体。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体选自明胶、果胶、褐藻胶、卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素构成的群组。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体为凝胶形成剂。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体以盐诸如Na+、K+、NH4 +、Mg2+、Ca2+、Sr2+、Ba2+盐的形式使用。
明胶
明胶来源于胶原的化学降解。明胶也可通过重组技术产生。明胶为水溶性的，并且具有10.000g/mol至500.000g/mol，诸如30.000g/mol至300.000g/mol的分子量，分子量大小取决于水解等级。明胶是一种广泛使用的食物产品，因此人们普遍认为该化合物是完全无毒的，因此在处理明胶时不需要采取预防措施。
明胶是单链或多链多肽的异质混合物，通常显示螺旋结构。具体地讲，从作为明胶来源的皮肤和骨骼提取的I型胶原的三螺旋由两条α1(I)链和一条α2(I)链组成。
明胶溶液可经历卷曲螺旋(coil-helix)转变。
A型明胶通过酸性处理产生。B型明胶通过碱性处理产生。
可将化学交联引入明胶。在一个实施方式中，转谷氨酰胺酶用于将赖氨酸连接至谷氨酰胺残基；在一个实施方式中，戊二醛用于将赖氨酸连接至赖氨酸，在一个实施方式中，单宁用于连接赖氨酸残基。
明胶还可进一步水解成小至3000g/mol的较小片段。
在冷却明胶溶液时，可形成胶原样螺旋。
其他水胶体也可包含螺旋结构，诸如胶原样螺旋。明胶可形成螺旋结构。
在一个实施方式中，包含水胶体的固化的粘结剂包含螺旋结构。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种水胶体为低强度明胶，诸如具有30布卢姆(Bloom)至125布卢姆(Bloom)的凝胶强度的明胶。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种水胶体为中等强度明胶，诸如具有125布卢姆至180布卢姆凝胶强度的明胶。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种水胶体为高强度明胶，诸如具有180布卢姆至300布卢姆凝胶强度的明胶。
在一个优选的实施方式中，明胶优选地源自哺乳动物、鸟类，诸如来自牛、猪、马、家禽和/或来自鱼鳞、鱼皮构成的群组中的一种或多种来源。
在一个实施方式中，脲可以加入到用于本发明的粘结剂组合物中。本发明人已发现，即使是少量脲的加入，也会导致明胶变性，这会减缓胶凝，这在一些实施方式中可能是期望的。脲的加入也可导致产品的软化。
本发明人已发现，明胶中的羧酸基团与三价离子和四价离子(例如，铝盐)强烈地相互作用。对于比A型明胶包含更多羧酸基团的B型明胶而言，尤其如此。
本发明人已发现，在一些实施方式中，用于本发明的包含明胶的粘结剂组合物的固化/干燥不应在非常高的温度下开始。
本发明人已发现，在低温下开始固化可导致更强的产品。不受任何特定理论的束缚，本发明人假设在高温下开始固化可导致粘结剂组合物的外壳不可渗透，阻碍水从底部出来。
令人惊奇的是，用于本发明的包含明胶的粘结剂是非常耐热的。本发明人已发现，在一些实施方式中，固化的粘结剂可经受高达300℃的温度而不降解。
果胶
果胶是酸性结构多糖的异质分组，其存在于形成酸稳定凝胶的水果和蔬菜中。
通常，果胶不具有精确的结构，而是可包含高达17种不同单糖和超过20种不同类型的连接(linkage)。
D半乳糖醛酸残基形成大多数分子。
凝胶强度随着Ca2+浓度的增加而增加，但随着温度和酸度增加(pH<3)而降低。
果胶可形成螺旋结构。
双阳离子的胶凝能力与采用褐藻胶发现的胶凝能力类似(Mg2+远小于Ca2+，Sr2+小于Ba2+)。
褐藻胶
褐藻胶是由褐色海藻产生的支架式多糖。
褐藻胶是包含β-(1,4)-连接的D-甘露糖醛酸(M)和α-(1,4)-连接的L-古洛糖醛酸(G)残基的线性非支化的聚合物。褐藻胶也可以是细菌褐藻胶，另外诸如是O-乙酰化的。褐藻胶不是无规共聚物，但根据源藻类，由类似且严格交替的残基(即MMMMMM、GGGGGG和GMGMGMGM)的嵌段构成，每个残基具有不同的构象偏好和行为。褐藻胶可以制备为具有宽范围的平均分子重量(50至100000个残基)。游离羧酸具有牢固地氢键合至羧酸根的水分子H3O+。Ca2+离子可置换这种氢键合，拉动(zipping)古洛糖醛酸，而不是甘露糖醛酸，在所谓的蛋盒状构象中以化学计量连接到一起。具有不同特异性的重组差向异构酶可用于产生设计的褐藻胶。
褐藻胶可形成螺旋结构。
卡拉胶
卡拉胶是通过从红色海藻碱性提取(和改性)制备的支架式多糖的统称。
卡拉胶是约25,000个半乳糖衍生物的线性聚合物，取决于来源和提取条件，具有规则但不确切的结构。
κ-卡拉胶(卡帕型卡拉胶)通过主要从热带海藻长心卡帕藻(Kappaphycusalvarezii)(也称为耳突麒麟菜(Eucheuma cottonii))分离的μ-卡拉胶的碱性消除来生产。
ι-卡拉胶(约塔型卡拉胶)通过主要从菲律宾海藻齿麒麟菜(Eucheumadenticulatum)(也称为刺麒麟菜(Spinosum))分离的ν-卡拉胶的碱性消除来生产。
λ-卡拉胶(拉姆达型卡拉胶)(主要从雌蕊杉藻(Gigartina pistillata)或角叉菜(Chondrus crispus)分离)通过碱性消除转化成θ-卡拉胶(西塔型卡拉胶)，但其速率比导致Ι-卡拉胶和κ-卡拉胶生产的速率要慢得多。
κ-卡拉胶的最强凝胶由K+而非Li+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+或Sr2+形成。
所有卡拉胶可形成螺旋结构。
阿拉伯胶
阿拉伯胶是阿拉伯半乳糖低聚糖、多糖和糖蛋白的复杂且可变的混合物。阿拉伯胶由较低相对分子质量的多糖和较高分子量的富含较宽可变性羟基脯氨酸的糖蛋白的混合物构成。
阿拉伯胶同时存在亲水性碳水化合物和疏水性蛋白质。
黄原胶
黄原胶是由例如野油菜黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris)的有氧深层发酵制备的微生物耐干燥(desiccation-resistant)聚合物。
黄原胶是具有β-(1,4)-D-吡喃葡萄糖葡聚糖(作为纤维素)主链与-(3,1)-α-连接的D-吡喃甘露糖-(2,1)-β-D-葡糖醛酸-(4,1)-β-D-吡喃甘露糖侧链在交替残基上的阴离子聚电解质。
已经提出了黄原胶天然状态为双分子反平行双螺旋。有序双螺旋构象和更灵活的单伸展链之间的转换可能发生在40℃至80℃之间。黄原胶可形成螺旋结构。
黄原胶可包含纤维素。
纤维素衍生物
纤维素衍生物的一个示例是羧甲基纤维素。
羧甲基纤维素(CMC)是由纤维素与碱和氯乙酸反应形成的纤维素的化学改性的衍生物。
CMC结构基于纤维素的β-(1,4)-D-吡喃葡萄糖聚合物。不同制剂可具有不同的取代程度，但通常在每个单体单元0.6至0.95个衍生物的范围内。
琼脂
琼脂是由同科红色海藻(红藻纲(Rhodophycae))作为卡拉胶制备的支架式多糖。琼脂可从石花菜(Gelidium)和江蓠菜(Gracilariae)的物种商购获得。
琼脂由琼脂糖和琼脂胶的混合物构成。琼脂糖是基于-(1,3)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖-(1,4)-3,6-酐-α-L-吡喃半乳糖单元的相对分子质量(分子量)约120,000的线性聚合物。
琼脂胶是存在较少量的较小分子的异质混合物。
琼脂可形成螺旋结构。
阿拉伯木聚糖
阿拉伯木聚糖天然存在于草的麸皮(禾本科(Graminiae))中。
阿拉伯木聚糖由连接到β-(1,4)-连接的D-吡喃木糖聚合物主链作为分支点的α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖残基构成。
阿拉伯木聚糖可形成螺旋结构。
纤维素
纤维素是在植物中作为微纤维(2nm至20nm的直径和100nm至40 000nm长)发现的支架式多糖。纤维素主要是由木浆制备。纤维素也由一些细菌(例如，木醋杆菌(Acetobacter xylinum))以高度水合形式产生。
纤维素是4C1构象的β-(1,4)-D-吡喃葡萄糖单元的线性聚合物。存在四种结晶形式：Iα、Iβ、II和III。
纤维素衍生物可为甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素。
凝胶多糖
凝胶多糖(Curdlan)是从产粘粪产碱杆菌变种(Alcaligenes faecalisvar.myxogenes)的突变菌株在商业上制备的聚合物。凝胶多糖(可得然胶(curdlan gum))是中等相对分子质量，非支化的线性1,3β-D葡聚糖，且不具有侧链。
凝胶多糖可形成螺旋结构。
可得然胶不溶于冷水，但含水悬浮液加热至约55℃产生可逆凝胶之前增塑并短暂溶解。在较高温度下加热产生更具回弹力的不可逆凝胶，然后不可逆凝胶通过冷却保持。
硬葡聚糖也是1,3β-D葡聚糖，但具有在环境条件下赋予可溶性的额外的1,6β-连接。
结冷胶
结冷胶是线性四糖4)-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(α-1,3)-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(β-1,4)-D-吡喃葡糖醛酸基-(β-1,4)-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(β-1，其中在3-连接的葡萄糖上具有O(2)L-甘油基和O(6)乙酰基取代基。
结冷胶可形成螺旋结构。
β-葡聚糖
β-葡聚糖存在于草的麸皮(禾本科(Gramineae))中。
β-葡聚糖由连接的β-(1,3)-和β-(1,4)-D-吡喃葡萄糖单元的线性非支化的多糖以非重复但非随机顺序构成。
瓜尔胶
瓜尔胶(也称为瓜拉那(guaran))是从豆科灌木瓜尔豆(Cyamopsistetragonoloba)的种子提取的储备多糖(种子粉)。
瓜尔胶是与刺槐豆胶类似的半乳甘露聚糖，由(1,4)-连接的β-D-甘露吡喃糖主链构成，其6位分支点连接至α-D-半乳糖(即1,6-连接的-α-D-吡喃半乳糖)。
瓜尔胶由非离子型多分散棒形聚合物形成。
与刺槐豆胶不同，瓜尔胶不形成凝胶。
刺槐豆胶
刺槐豆胶(也称为角豆胶和卡如宾(Carubin))是从角豆树(Ceratonia siliqua)的种子(内核)提取的储备多糖(种子粉)。
刺槐豆胶是与瓜尔胶类似的半乳甘露聚糖，由(1,4)-连接的β-D-甘露吡喃糖主链构成，其6位分支点连接至α-D-半乳糖(即1,6-连接的α-D-吡喃半乳糖)。
刺槐豆胶是由非离子分子构成的多分散体。
淀粉
淀粉由两种类型的分子，直链淀粉(通常20％至30％)和支链淀粉(通常70％至80％)构成。这两者均由α-D-葡萄糖单元的聚合物以4C1构象构成。在直链淀粉中，其连接方式为-(1,4)-，其环氧原子都在同一侧，而在支链淀粉中，大概每二十个单元约一个残基也连接有-(1,6)-，形成了分支点。直链淀粉对支链淀粉和-(1,6)-分支点的相对比例均取决于淀粉来源。淀粉可来源于玉米(玉蜀黍)、小麦、马铃薯、木薯和大米。支链淀粉(不含直链淀粉)可从‘蜡质’玉蜀黍淀粉分离出来，而在用支链淀粉酶特异性水解支链淀粉后，最佳分离出直链淀粉(不含支链淀粉)。
直链淀粉可形成螺旋结构。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体为淀粉的功能性衍生物，诸如交联的、氧化的、乙酰化的、羟丙基化的和部分水解的淀粉。
在一个优选的实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且至少一种其他水胶体选自果胶、淀粉、褐藻胶、琼脂、卡拉胶、结冷胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯木聚糖、纤维素、凝胶多糖、β-葡聚糖构成的群组。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且至少其他水胶体为果胶。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且至少其他水胶体为褐藻胶。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且至少其他水胶体为羧甲基纤维素。
在一个优选的实施方式中，用于本发明的粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且其中明胶基于水胶体的重量计，以10重量％至95重量％，诸如20重量％至80重量％、诸如30重量％至70重量％、诸如40重量％至60重量％的量存在于含水粘结剂组合物中。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含至少两种水胶体，其中一种水胶体和至少其他水胶体具有互补的电荷。
在一个实施方式中，一种水胶体为具有互补的电荷的明胶或阿拉伯胶中的一种或多种，其选自果胶、褐藻胶、卡拉胶、黄原胶或羧甲基纤维素的组的一种或多种水胶体。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物能够在不超过95℃，诸如5℃至95℃、诸如10℃至80℃、诸如20℃至60℃、诸如40℃至50℃的温度下固化。
在一个实施方式中，用于本发明的含水粘结剂组合物不是热固性粘结剂。
热固性组合物处于软固体或粘稠液体状态，优选地包含预聚物，优选地包含树脂，通过固化不可逆地转变为不可熔的、不溶性聚合物网络。固化通常由热作用引起，由此通常需要高于95℃的温度。
固化的热固性树脂被称为热固性或热固性塑料/聚合物-当用作聚合物复合材料中的主体材料时，其被称为热固性聚合物基质。在一个实施方式中，用于本发明的含水粘结剂组合物不包含聚(甲基)丙烯酸、聚(甲基)丙烯酸的盐或聚(甲基)丙烯酸的酯。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体为生物聚合物或改性的生物聚合物。
生物聚合物是由活生物体产生的聚合物。生物聚合物可包含共价键合以形成较大结构的单体单元。
存在根据所使用的单体单元和所形成的生物聚合物的结构分类的三类主要生物聚合物：多核苷酸(RNA和DNA)，其为由13个或更多个核苷酸单体组成的长聚合物；多肽，诸如蛋白质，其为氨基酸的聚合物；多糖，诸如线性键合的聚合物碳水化合物结构。
多糖可为线性或支化的；它们通常由糖苷键连接。另外，许多糖单元可经过各种化学改性，并且可形成其他分子诸如糖蛋白的一部分。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种水胶体为生物聚合物或改性的生物聚合物，其具有1，诸如0.9至1的相关分子质量分布的多分散性指数。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含来自动物来源的蛋白质，包括胶原、明胶和水解明胶，并且粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种含酚和/或醌的化合物，诸如选自单宁酸、缩合单宁(原花青素)、可水解单宁、没食子单宁、鞣花单宁、复合单宁构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的单宁，和/或源自橡树、栗树、鹿角漆树(Staghorn sumac)和大穗杯花(fringecups)中的一种或多种的单宁。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含来自动物来源的蛋白质，包括胶原、明胶和水解明胶，并且其中粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种酶，所述至少一种酶选自转谷氨酰胺酶(EC 2.3.2.13)、蛋白质二硫键异构酶(EC 5.3.4.1)、硫醇氧化酶(EC 1.8.3.2)、多酚氧化酶(EC 1.14.18.1)，特别是儿茶酚氧化酶、酪氨酸氧化酶和酚氧化酶、赖氨酰氧化酶(EC1.4.3.13)和过氧化物酶(EC 1.11.1.7)构成的群组。
脂肪酸甘油酯
在一个优选的实施方式中，粘结剂组合物还包含为至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯的形式的组分。
脂肪酸为具有脂族链的羧酸，其为饱和的或不饱和的。
甘油为具有IUPAC名称丙烷-1,2,3-三醇的多元醇化合物。
天然存在的脂肪和油是具有脂肪酸的甘油酯(也称为甘油三酯)。
出于本发明的目的，术语脂肪酸甘油酯是指甘油与脂肪酸的单酯、二酯和三酯。
虽然术语脂肪酸在本发明的上下文中可为具有脂族链的任何羧酸，但优选的是其为带有具有4至28个碳原子、优选地偶数个碳原子的脂族链的羧酸。优选地，脂肪酸的脂族链是非支化的。
在一个优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为植物油和/或动物油的形式。在本发明的上下文中，术语“油”包括为油或脂肪的形式的至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
在一个优选的实施方式中，该至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为基于植物的油。
在一个优选的实施方式中，该至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为以下形式：果肉脂肪，诸如棕榈油、橄榄油、鳄梨油；种子内核脂肪，诸如月桂酸油，诸如椰子油、棕榈仁油、巴巴苏油和其他棕榈籽油，其他来源的月桂酸油；棕榈-硬脂酸油，诸如可可脂、牛油树脂、婆罗洲牛脂(borneo tallow)和相关的脂肪(植物脂)；棕榈酸油，诸如棉籽油、木棉油和相关的油、南瓜籽油、玉米(玉蜀黍)油、谷物油；油酸-亚油酸油，诸如向日葵油、芝麻油、亚麻籽油、紫苏油、大麻籽油、茶籽油、红花和尼日尔籽油(niger seed oils)、葡萄籽油、罂粟籽油、豆油诸如大豆油、花生油、羽扇豆油；十字花科油，诸如油菜籽油、芥菜籽油；共轭酸油，诸如桐油和相关的油、巴西果油和相关的油；取代的脂肪酸油，诸如蓖麻油、大风子(chaulmoogra\hydnocarpus\gorli)油、斑鸠菊油；动物脂肪，诸如陆生动物脂肪，诸如猪油、牛脂、羊脂、马脂肪、鹅脂肪、鸡脂肪；海洋石油，诸如鲸油和鱼油。
在一个优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为植物油的形式，特别地选自亚麻籽油、橄榄油、桐油、椰子油、大麻油、油菜籽油和向日葵油构成的群组中的一种或多种组分。
在一个优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯选自碘值在约136至178的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约136至178的范围内的亚麻籽油)、碘值在约80至88的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约80到88的范围内的橄榄油)、碘值在约163至173的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约163至173的范围内的桐油)、碘值在约7至10的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约7至10的范围内的椰子油)、碘值在约140至170的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约140至170的范围内的大麻油)、碘值在约94至120的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约94至120的范围内的油菜籽油)、碘值在约118至144的范围内的植物油(诸如碘值在约118至144的范围内的向日葵油)构成的群组中的一种或多种组分。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯不是天然来源的。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为改性的植物油或动物油。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯包含至少一种反式脂肪酸。
在一个可供选择的优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为动物油诸如鱼油的形式。
本发明人已发现，用于本发明的粘结剂中的脂肪酸甘油酯的一个重要参数是脂肪酸中的不饱和量。脂肪酸中的不饱和量通常由碘值(也称为碘价或碘吸收值或碘指数)来度量。碘值越高，脂肪酸中存在的C＝C键越多。为了测定作为脂肪酸不饱和度的量度的碘值，我们参考Thomas,Alfred(2002)“Fats and fatty oils”in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia ofindustrial chemistry,Weinheim,Wiley-VCH。
在一个优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯包括碘值为≥75，诸如75至180、诸如≥130、诸如130至180的植物油和/或动物油。
在一个可供选择的优选的实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯包括碘值为≤100，诸如≤25的植物油和/或动物油。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为干性油。关于干性油的定义，参见Poth,Ulrich(2012)“Drying oils and related products”in Ullmann’s Encyclopediaof industrial chemistry,Weinheim,Wiley-VCH。
因此，本发明人已发现，当碘值在相当高的范围内，或者另选地在相当低的范围内时，可获得特别好的结果。虽然不希望受任何具体理论的束缚，但本发明人认为，在一方面高碘值的脂肪酸酯和在另一方面低碘值的脂肪酸酯所造成的有利特性基于不同的机制。本发明人假定具有高碘值的脂肪酸甘油酯的有利特性可能是由于交联反应中以高数值存在于这些脂肪酸中的C＝C双键的参与，而具有低碘值并且缺乏高含量的C＝C双键的脂肪酸甘油酯可允许通过范徳瓦尔斯相互作用来稳定固化的粘结剂。
在一个优选的实施方式中，脂肪酸甘油酯的含量基于水胶体的干重计为0.5重量％至40重量％，诸如1重量％至30重量％，诸如1.5重量％至20重量％，诸如3重量％至10重量％，诸如4重量％至7.5重量％。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含明胶，并且粘结剂组合物还包含选自单宁酸、缩合单宁(原花青素)、可水解单宁、没食子单宁、鞣花单宁、复合单宁构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的单宁和/或源自橡木、栗树、鹿角漆树和大穗杯花中的一种或多种的单宁，优选地单宁酸，并且粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯，诸如至少一种选自包括亚麻籽油、橄榄油、桐油、椰子油、大麻油、油菜籽油和向日葵油构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物包含明胶，并且粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种为转谷氨酰胺酶(EC 2.3.2.13)的酶，并且粘结剂组合物还包含至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯，诸如选自亚麻籽油、橄榄油、桐油、椰子油、大麻油、油菜籽油和向日葵油构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
在一个实施方式中，该含水粘结剂组合物是无甲醛的。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂组合物实质上由下列组成：
至少一种水胶体；
至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯；
任选的至少一种pH调节剂；
任选的至少一种交联剂；
任选的至少一种防污剂；
任选的至少一种抗溶胀剂；
水。
在一个实施方式中，可将油加入到粘结剂组合物中。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种油为非乳化的烃油。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种油为乳化的烃油。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种油为基于植物的油。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种交联剂为选自单宁酸、缩合单宁(原花青素)、可水解单宁、没食子单宁、鞣花单宁、复合单宁构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的单宁，和/或源自橡树、栗树、鹿角漆树和大穗杯花中的一种或多种的单宁。
在一个实施方式中，该至少一种交联剂是选自转谷氨酰胺酶(EC 2.3.2.13)、蛋白质二硫键异构酶(EC 5.3.4.1)、硫醇氧化酶(EC 1.8.3.2)、多酚氧化酶(EC 1.14.18.1)，特别是儿茶酚氧化酶、酪氨酸氧化酶和酚氧化酶、赖氨酰氧化酶(EC 1.4.3.13)和过氧化物酶(EC 1.11.1.7)构成的群组中的酶。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种抗溶胀剂是单宁酸和/或单宁。
在一个实施方式中，至少一种防污剂是抗微生物剂。
抗微生物剂可为苯甲酸、丙酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸和山梨酸钾，以抑制细菌和真菌细胞的生长。然而，可以使用天然生物防腐剂。壳聚糖(Chitosan)被认为是抗真菌和抗细菌的。最频繁使用的抗微生物的生物防腐剂是溶菌酶和乳酸链球菌肽(nisin)。可使用的常见其他生物防腐剂为细菌素，诸如乳链球菌素和片球菌素和抗微生物酶，诸如几丁质酶和葡萄糖氧化酶。另外，乳过氧化物酶(LPS)的使用呈现抗真菌和抗病毒活性。也可使用不同浓度的天然抗微生物剂，诸如单宁、迷迭香和大蒜精油、牛至油、柠檬草(lemon grass)或肉桂油。
矿物纤维产品
在根据本发明的防火隔热产品中，矿物纤维由如上所述的粘结剂粘结。
在一个实施方式中，根据本发明的矿棉产品的烧失量(LOI)按重量计，在0.1％至25.0％，诸如0.3％至18.0％、诸如0.5％至12.0％、诸如0.7％至8.0％的范围内。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂是不交联的。
在一个另选的实施方式中，粘结剂是交联的。
粘结剂组分的反应
本发明人已发现，在根据本发明的矿棉产品的一些实施方式中，当粘结剂在酸性条件下施加到矿物纤维时，矿棉产品被最好地生产。因此，在一个优选的实施方式中，施加到矿物纤维的粘结剂包含pH调节剂，特别是为pH缓冲剂的形式。
在一个优选的实施方式中，处于其未固化的状态的粘结剂的pH值小于8，诸如小于7，诸如小于6。
本发明人已发现，在一些实施方式中，粘结剂的固化在碱性条件下被强烈地加快。因此，在一个实施方式中，用于矿物纤维的粘结剂组合物包含pH调节剂，所述pH调节剂优选地为碱，诸如有机碱，诸如胺或其盐；无机碱，诸如金属氢氧化物，诸如KOH或NaOH、氨或其盐的形式。
在一个特定的优选的实施方式中，pH调节剂为碱性金属氢氧化物，特别是NaOH。
在一个优选的实施方式中，用于本发明的粘结剂组合物的pH为7至10，诸如7.5至9.5，诸如8至9。
其它添加剂可为组分诸如一种或多种反应性或非反应性有机硅，并且可加入到粘结剂中。优选地，一种或多种反应性或非反应性有机硅选自下列有机硅：构成有机硅的主链由有机硅氧烷残基，尤其是二苯基硅氧烷残基，烷基硅氧烷残基，优选二甲基硅氧烷残基组成，其具有至少一个羟基、酰基、羧基或酸酐、胺、环氧基或乙烯基官能团，所述官能团能够与粘结剂组合物的至少一种组分反应，并且优选的是，所述有机硅基于粘结剂的总质量计，以0.1重量％至15重量％，优选0.1重量％至10重量％，更优选0.3重量％至8重量％的量存在。
在一个实施方式中，可将防污剂加入粘结剂中。
在一个优选的实施方式中，防污剂是单宁，特别是选自单宁酸、缩合单宁(原花青素)、可水解单宁、没食子单宁、鞣花单宁、复合单宁构成的群组中的一种或多种组分的单宁，和/或源自橡树、栗树、鹿角漆树和大穗杯花中的一种或多种的单宁。
在一个实施方式中，粘结剂中可加入抗溶胀剂，诸如单宁酸和/或单宁。
另外的添加剂可为包含钙离子和抗氧化剂的添加剂。
在一个实施方式中，用于本发明的粘结剂组合物包含为接头的形式的添加剂，该接头包含酰基基团和/或胺基团和/或硫醇基团。这些接头可以增强和/或修饰固化的粘结剂的网络。
在一个实施方式中，用于本发明的粘结剂组合物包含为选自PEG型试剂、硅烷和羟基磷灰石构成的群组中的添加剂的形式的其他添加剂。
矿棉产品的特性
在一个优选的实施方式中，矿棉防火产品的密度在10kg/m3至1200kg/m3，诸如30kg/m3至800kg/m3、诸如40kg/m3至600kg/m3、诸如50kg/m3至250kg/m3、诸如60kg/m3至200kg/m3的范围内。
纤维成形装置
存在各种类型的离心纺纱机，用于纤维化矿物熔体。
常规的离心纺纱机是级联纺纱机，其包括一系列的顶部(或第一)转子和后续(或第二)转子以及任选的其他后续转子(诸如第三转子和第四转子)。每个转子围绕不同的实质上水平的轴线旋转，其中转子的旋转方向与该系列中的相邻转子或每个相邻转子的旋转方向相反。不同水平轴被布置成使得将倾倒在顶部转子上的熔体按顺序被抛到后续转子或每个后续转子的周边表面上，并且纤维从后续转子或每个后续转子抛出，并且任选地也从顶部转子抛出。
在一个实施方式中，级联纺纱机或其他纺纱机被布置成使熔体纤维化，并且将纤维作为纤维云夹带在空气中。
许多纤维成形装置包括围绕实质上垂直的轴线旋转的盘或杯。然后通常将这些纺纱机中的几个串联布置，即实质上沿第一方向，例如GB-A-926,749、US-A-3,824,086和WO-A-83/03092中所述。
通常存在与该一个或每个纤维化转子相关联的空气流，由此当纤维从转子的表面上形成时被夹带在空气中。
在一个实施方式中，通过已知的手段将粘结剂和/或添加剂加入到纤维云中。用于每个纺纱机的粘结剂和/或添加剂的量可以是相同的或它可以是不同的。
在一个实施方式中，烃油可加入到纤维云中。
如本文所用，术语“聚集网”旨在包括任何已被收集聚拢在某一表面上的矿物纤维，即它们不再被气体夹带，例如纤维化的矿物纤维、粒状、成簇或回收网废料。聚集网可以是通过收集传送带上的纤维而形成的、并作为起始材料提供而未被交叉折叠(cross-lap)或以其它方式固结的初次网。
另选地，聚集网可以是通过将初次网交叉折叠或以其它方式固结而形成的二次网。优选地，聚集网为初次网。
可在生产中的任何合适的阶段将颗粒状吸热材料加入到收集的网上。
在一个实施方式中，在提供聚集网之后，完成粘结剂与矿物纤维的混合，分下列步骤：
使矿物纤维的聚集网经历解缠结处理，
使矿物纤维悬浮在主气流中，
在解缠结处理之前、期间或之后，将粘结剂组合物与矿物纤维混合，从而形成矿物纤维与粘结剂的混合物。
一种生产矿棉产品的方法，包括EP10190521中所描述的解缠结处理步骤。
在一个实施方式中，解缠结处理包括将矿物纤维的聚集网从具有较低的相对气流的管道供应到具有较高的相对气流的管道。在该实施方式中，据信发生了解缠结，这是因为进入具有较高的相对气流的管道中的纤维首先受到拉力作用而与网中后续的纤维分开。这种类型的解缠结能够特别有效地生产开松的纤维簇，而不会产生可导致产品中的材料分布不均匀的致密团块。
根据一个特别优选的实施方式，解缠结处理包括：将聚集网供应到至少一个辊，所述辊绕其纵向轴线旋转并具有从其圆周表面突出的尖状物。在该实施方式中，该旋转辊将通常还至少部分地有助于产生所述较高的相对气流。通常，该辊的旋转是所述较高的相对气流的唯一源头。
在优选的实施方式中，将矿物纤维和任选的粘结剂从上方进料至辊。还优选的是，解缠结的矿物纤维和任选的粘结剂从辊的圆周的下部沿横向从辊抛出。在最优选的实施方式中，在矿物纤维被抛出之前，其被辊携带约180度。
可以在解缠结处理之前、期间或之后将粘结剂与矿物纤维混合。在一些实施方式中，优选地，解缠结处理之前将粘结剂与纤维混合。特别地，纤维可以为未固化的包含粘结剂的聚集网的形式。
还可行的是，在解缠结处理之前，将粘结剂与矿物纤维的聚集网预混合。可以在解缠结处理期间和之后进行进一步的混合。或者，可以将该粘结剂单独提供至主气流并在主气流中混合。
通过任何合适的方式从主气流收集矿物纤维与粘结剂的混合物。在一个实施方式中，将主气流引入旋风室(cyclone chamber)的顶部，该旋风室的下端是打开的，并且从该旋风室的下端收集混合物。
优选地将矿物纤维与粘结剂的混合物从解缠结处理过程投入到成形室中。
进行解缠结处理之后，收集矿物纤维与粘结剂的混合物并进行压制和固化。优选地，将该混合物收集到在其下方设置有抽吸机构的有孔的传送带上。
在根据本发明的优选的方法中，压制并固化收集的粘结剂和矿物纤维的混合物。
在根据本发明的优选的方法中，在压制并固化之前，修整已收集的粘结剂和矿物纤维的混合物。
可以以分批方式进行该方法，但是，根据一个实施方式，该方法是在矿棉生产线上进行的，其中将初次矿棉网或二次矿棉网供应到纤维分离处理工序中，这提供了特别成本有效且用途广泛的方法，该方法用以提供在广泛的密度范围内具有良好的机械特性和隔热特性的复合材料。
同时，由于在环境温度下固化，未固化的粘结剂的斑点的可能性明显下降。
可在生产中的任何合适的阶段将颗粒状吸热材料加入到网上。
固化
网是由粘结剂组分的化学和/或物理反应固化而成。
在一个实施方式中，固化在固化装置中发生。
在一个实施方式中，固化在5℃至95℃，诸如5℃至80℃、诸如5℃至60℃、诸如8℃至50℃、诸如10℃至40℃的温度下进行。
在一个实施方式中，固化在常规的固化炉中发生，以用于在5℃至95℃，诸如5℃至80℃、诸如10℃至60℃、诸如20℃至40℃的温度下操作矿棉生产。
固化过程可在将粘结剂施加到纤维之后立即开始。固化被定义为一种过程，由此粘结剂组合物经受物理和/或化学反应，通常直到粘结剂组合物达到固态，其中，在化学反应的情况下，通常增大粘结剂组合物中化合物的分子量并由此增加粘结剂组合物的粘度。
在一个实施方式中，固化过程包括交联和/或水作为结晶水的加入(inclusion)。
在一个实施方式中，固化的粘结剂包含含量取决于主导的温度、压力和湿度条件可能会降低并升高的结晶水。
在一个实施方式中，固化过程包括干燥过程。
在一个优选的实施方式中，与矿物纤维接触的粘结剂的固化在热压机中发生。
与矿物纤维在热压机中接触的粘结剂的固化的特别优点在于，能够生产高密度产品。
在一个实施方式中，固化过程包括通过压力干燥。可通过吹空气或气体越过/穿过矿物纤维和粘结剂的混合物来施加压力。吹制法可伴随加热或冷却，或其可处于环境温度下。
在一个实施方式中，固化过程在潮湿环境中进行。
潮湿环境可具有60％至99％，诸如70％至95％、诸如80％至92％的相对湿度RH。在潮湿环境下的固化可跟随有固化或干燥，以获得普遍的湿度状态。
在一个实施方式中，在贫氧环境中进行固化。
不想受任何特定理论的束缚，申请人相信当粘结剂组合物包含酶时，在贫氧环境中进行固化是特别有益的，因为它增加了酶组分、特别是转谷氨酰胺酶在一些实施方式中的稳定性，从而提高了交联效率。在一个实施方式中，固化过程因此在惰性气氛中、特别是在惰性气体(如氮气)的气氛中进行。
在一些实施方式中，特别是在其中粘结剂组合物包括酚类、特别是单宁的实施方式，可以加入氧化剂。氧化剂作为添加剂可用于增加酚类、特别是单宁的氧化速率。一个示例是酪氨酸酶，其将苯酚氧化成羟基酚/醌，因此加速粘结剂形成反应。
在另一个实施方式中，氧化剂为提供给粘结剂的氧气。
在一个实施方式中，固化在富氧环境中进行。
矿棉产品可以在粘结剂固化之前、期间或之后，呈任何常规构型，例如垫或板，并且可被切割和/或成型。
实施例
在下列实施例中，制备落入用于本发明的定义的几种粘结剂，并且与根据现有技术的粘结剂进行比较。
用于根据现有技术的粘结剂组合物的测试方法
测定根据现有技术的粘结剂的以下特性。
试剂
硅烷(Momentive VS-142)由Momentive提供，并且为了简化，以100％计算。所有其他组分由Sigma-Aldrich以高纯度提供，并且为了简化，假定为无水的，除非另外说明。
粘结剂组分固体含量-定义
固化之前，给定粘结剂溶液中每种组分的含量基于组分的无水质量。可使用下式：
粘结剂固体-定义和过程
固化之后粘结剂的含量被称为“粘结剂固体”。
圆盘形石棉样品(直径：5cm；高度1cm)从石棉切割出来，并且在580℃下热处理至少30分钟以除去所有有机物。通过将粘结剂混合物的样品(约2g)分配到锡箔容器中经热处理的石棉盘上测量粘结剂混合物的固体(参见下文针对混合的实施例)。在加入粘结剂混合物之前称取包含石棉盘的锡箔容器的重量，和在加入粘结剂混合物之后立即称取包含石棉盘的锡箔容器的重量。生产在锡箔容器中石棉盘装入的两个此类粘结剂混合物，并且然后将它们在200℃下加热1小时。在冷却并在室温下储存10分钟之后，将样品称重，并且将粘结剂固体计算为两个结果的平均值。然后，通过用所需的水量和10％的硅烷水溶液(Momentive VS-142)稀释来生产具有所需粘结剂固体的粘结剂。
反应损失-定义
反应损失被定义为粘结剂组分固体含量和粘结剂固体之间的差值。
机械强度研究(条测试)-过程
在条(bar)测试中测试粘结剂的机械强度。对于每种粘结剂，由粘结剂和来自石棉纺丝生产的石棉丸的混合物制造16个条。所述丸是与石棉纤维具有相同熔体组分的颗粒，并且该丸通常被认为是来自纺丝工艺的废产物。用于条状组合物的丸的尺寸为0.25毫米至0.50毫米。
如上文“粘结剂固体”所述，获得包含粘结剂固体的0.5％的硅烷(Momentive VS-142)的15％粘结剂固体的粘结剂溶液。将该粘结剂溶液的样品(16.0g)与丸(80.0g)充分混合。然后将所得混合物以耐热有机硅形式填充到四个狭槽中，以制备小条(每种形式4×5个狭槽；狭槽顶部尺寸：长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm；狭槽底部尺寸：长度＝5.3cm，宽度＝2.2cm；狭槽高度＝1.1cm)。然后将放置在狭槽中的混合物用适当尺寸的平坦金属条硬压制以产生均匀条表面。以此方式制备来自每种粘结剂的16个条。然后将所得的条在200℃下固化1h。冷却至室温之后，将条小心地从容器中取出。将五个条在80℃水浴中老化3h，或在高压釜中老化(15分钟/120℃/1.2巴)。
干燥1至2天之后，在3点弯曲测试中断裂老化的条以及五个未老化的条(测试速度：10.0mm/min；破裂水平：50％；标称强度：30N/mm2；支撑距离：40mm；最大挠曲20mm；标称e-模块10000N/mm2)，所述测试采用弯轨机(Bent Tram machine)，以研究其机械强度。将条放置在机器中，条的“顶面”(即尺寸长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm的面)向上。
条的烧失量(LOI)
通过在580℃下处理，在小的锡箔容器中测量条的烧失量(LOI)。对于每次测量，首先在580℃下将锡箔容器热处理15分钟以除去所有有机物。使锡箔容器冷却至环境温度，并且然后称重。四个条(通常在3点弯曲测试中发生断裂之后)被放入锡箔容器中并且整体被称重。然后，将包含条的锡箔容器在580℃下热处理30分钟，使其冷却至环境温度，并且最后再次称重。然后使用下式计算LOI：
吸水率测量
通过称量三个条，并且然后将条浸没在烧杯(565mL，底部直径＝9.5cm；顶部直径＝10.5cm；高度＝7.5cm)中的水(约250mL)3h或24h，来测量粘接剂的吸水率。将条彼此紧靠地放置在烧杯的底部，其中“顶面”向下(即，尺寸长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm的面)。在指定的时间量之后，将条一个接一个地提起并使其向下滴落一分钟。将条(轻轻)保持，使长度侧几乎竖直使得小滴将从条的一个拐角滴落。然后称量所述条，并且使用下式计算吸水率：
来自现有技术的参考粘结剂组合物
粘结剂实施例，参考粘结剂A(用脲改性的苯酚-甲醛树脂，PUF-甲阶酚醛树脂)
通过以下来制备苯酚-甲醛树脂：在46％氢氧化钾(25.5g)水溶液的存在下，在84℃的反应温度下，使37％的甲醛(606g)水溶液和苯酚(189g)反应，通过约1℃/分钟的加热速率达到84℃的反应温度。在84℃下继续反应，直到树脂的酸耐受性为4，并且大部分苯酚被转化。然后加入脲(241g)并将混合物冷却。
酸耐受性(AT)表示可以用酸稀释给定体积的粘结剂的次数，而不使混合物变成浑浊的(粘结剂沉淀)。硫酸用于确定在粘结剂生产中的停止准则，酸耐受性低于4表示粘结剂反应结束。为了测量AT，用1L离子交换水稀释2.5mL浓硫酸(>99％)来生产滴定剂。然后在室温下用该滴定剂滴定5mL待研究的粘结剂，同时通过手动摇动保持粘结剂在运动；如果优选的话，使用磁力搅拌器和磁力棒。继续滴定，直到在粘结剂中出现轻微的浑浊时，当摇动粘结剂时，浑浊不消失。
酸耐受性(AT)通过将用于滴定的酸的量(mL)除以样品的量(mL)来计算：
AT＝(使用的滴定体积(mL))/(样品体积(mL))
使用获得的脲改性的苯酚-甲醛树脂，通过加入25％的氨(90mL)水溶液和硫酸铵(13.2g)水溶液，随后加入水(1.30kg)来制备粘结剂。然后如上所述测量粘结剂固体，并且用所需量的水和硅烷(Momentive VS-142)稀释混合物以用于机械强度研究(15％粘结剂固体溶液，0.5％的粘结剂固体硅烷)。
用于本发明的粘结剂组合物和参考粘结剂的测试方法
测定用于本发明的粘结剂和参考粘结剂的以下特性。
试剂
Speisegelatine，A型，猪(120布卢姆和180布卢姆)从Gelita AG获得。Tannorouge栗树单宁从Brouwland bvba获得。TI转谷氨酰胺酶制剂从Modernist Pantry获得。椰子油、大麻油、橄榄油、油菜籽油和向日葵油从Urtekram International A/S获得。亚麻籽油从Borup Kemi l/S获得。来自猪皮的中等凝胶强度的明胶(170-195g布卢姆)、氢氧化钠、桐油和所有其他组分从Sigma-Aldrich获得。除非另外指明，否则假定这些组分是完全纯的和无水的。
粘结剂组分固体含量-定义
固化之前，给定粘结剂溶液中每种组分的含量基于组分的无水质量。可使用下式：
Figure BDA0002268651530000241
机械强度研究(条测试)-过程
在条(bar)测试中测试粘结剂的机械强度。对于每种粘结剂，由粘结剂和来自石棉纺丝生产的石棉丸的混合物制造16至20个条。所述丸是与石棉纤维具有相同熔体组分的颗粒，并且该丸通常被认为是来自纺丝工艺的废产物。用于条状组合物的丸的尺寸为0.25毫米至0.50毫米。
如下面实施例中所述获得具有约15％粘结剂组分固体的粘结剂溶液。将该粘结剂溶液的样品(16.0g)与丸(80.0g；当与相对快速的凝固粘结剂结合地使用时，预热至40℃)充分混合。然后将所得的混合物以耐热有机硅形式填充到四个狭槽中，以制备小条(每种形式4×5个狭槽；狭槽顶部尺寸：长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm；狭槽底部尺寸：长度＝5.3cm，宽度＝2.2cm；狭槽高度＝1.1cm)。在每个条的制造期间，根据需要压制放置在狭槽中的混合物，并且然后用塑料刮刀整平以产生均匀的条表面。以此方式制得来自每种粘结剂的16至20个条。然后将所得的条在室温下固化1至2天。然后将条小心地从容器中取出，倒置并且在室温下保持一天以完全固化。将五个条在80℃水浴中老化3h，或在高压釜中老化(15分钟/120℃/1.2巴)。
干燥1至2天之后，在3点弯曲测试中断裂老化的条以及五个未老化的条(测试速度：10.0mm/min；破裂水平：50％；标称强度：30N/mm2；支撑距离：40mm；最大挠曲20mm；标称e-模块10000N/mm2)，所述测试采用弯轨机(Bent Tram machine)，以研究其机械强度。将条放置在机器中，条的“顶面”(即尺寸长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm的面)向上。
条的烧失量(LOI)
通过在580℃下处理，在小的锡箔容器中测量条的烧失量(LOI)。对于每次测量，首先在580℃下将锡箔容器热处理15分钟以除去所有有机物。使锡箔容器冷却至环境温度，并且然后称重。四个条(通常在3点弯曲测试中发生断裂之后)被放入锡箔容器中并且整体被称重。然后，将包含条的锡箔容器在580℃下热处理30分钟，使其冷却至环境温度，并且最后再次称重。然后使用下式计算LOI：
吸水率测量
通过称量三个条，并且然后将条浸没在烧杯(565mL，底部直径＝9.5cm；顶部直径＝10.5cm；高度＝7.5cm)中的水(约250mL)3h或24h，来测量粘接剂的吸水率。将条彼此紧靠地放置在烧杯的底部上，其中“顶面”向下(即，尺寸长度＝5.6cm，宽度＝2.5cm的面)。在指定的时间量之后，将条一个接一个地提起并使其向下滴落一分钟。将条(轻轻)保持，使长度侧几乎竖直使得小滴将从条的一个拐角滴落。然后称量所述条，并且使用下式计算吸水率：
Figure BDA0002268651530000261
用于本发明的粘结剂组合物和参考粘结剂
粘结剂实施例，条目B
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，12.0g)在水(68.0g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.0)。然后加入1M NaOH(4.37g)(pH9.1)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(5.40g；因此有效量为1.20g栗树单宁)。在50℃下进一步搅拌1至2分钟之后，将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验。
粘结剂实施例，条目3
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.1)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.3)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入椰子油(0.65g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.3)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目5
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 4.8)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.2)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入亚麻籽油(0.65g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.2)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目6
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 4.8)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.2)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入橄榄油(0.65g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目9
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 4.8)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.3)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入桐油(0.16g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.4)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目11
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.0)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.1)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入桐油(1.13g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目C
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，180布卢姆，12.0g)在水(68.0g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.0)。然后加入1M NaOH(3.81g)(pH9.1)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(5.40g；因此有效量为1.20g栗树单宁)。在50℃下进一步搅拌1至2分钟之后，将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.3)用于后续实验。
粘结剂实施例，条目12
向在室温下搅拌的1M NaOH(15.75g)中，加入栗树单宁(4.50g)。在室温下再继续搅拌5至10分钟，得到深红褐色溶液。
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，180布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.0)。加入1M NaOH(3.28g)(pH 9.2)，然后加入上述栗树单宁溶液的一部分(4.50g；因此有效量为1.00g栗树单宁)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入桐油(0.65g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目D
在37℃下将明胶(猪皮肤，中等凝胶强度，12.0g)在水(62.0g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.5)。然后加入Tl转谷氨酰胺酶(0.60g)在水(6.0g)中的溶液。在37℃下进一步搅拌1至2分钟之后，将所得的棕褐色混合物(pH 5.5)用于后续实验。
粘结剂实施例，条目13
在37℃下将明胶(猪皮肤，中等凝胶强度，12.0g)在水(62.0g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.5)。加入Tl转谷氨酰胺酶(0.60g)在水(6.0g)中的溶液。然后在更剧烈搅拌下加入亚麻籽油(0.63g)。在37℃下更剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的棕褐色混合物(pH 5.5)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目E
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，12.0g)在水(68.0g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 4.8)。然后加入1M NaOH(4.42g)。在50℃下进一步搅拌1至2分钟之后，将所得的棕褐色混合物(pH 9.0)用于后续实验。
粘结剂实施例，条目14
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.1)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.4)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入桐油(0.65g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的棕褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验中。
粘结剂实施例，条目15
在50℃下将明胶(Speisegelatine，A型，猪，120布卢姆，10.0g)在水(56.7g)中的混合物搅拌约15至30分钟直至获得澄清溶液(pH 5.1)。加入1M NaOH(4.00g)(pH 9.3)。然后在剧烈搅拌下加入桐油(1.13g)。在50℃下剧烈搅拌约1分钟之后，再次减缓搅拌速度，并且将所得的棕褐色混合物(pH 9.1)用于后续实验中。
表1-1：根据现有技术的参考粘结剂
Figure BDA0002268651530000301
表1-2：水胶体、交联剂、矿物油或脂肪酸甘油酯
Figure BDA0002268651530000302
Figure BDA0002268651530000311
[a]水胶体的。[b]水胶体+交联剂的。
表1-3：水胶体、交联剂、脂肪酸甘油酯
Figure BDA0002268651530000321
[a]水胶体的。[b]水胶体+交联剂的。
表1-4：水胶体、交联剂、脂肪酸甘油酯
Figure BDA0002268651530000322
[a]水胶体的。[b]水胶体+交联剂的。
实验
测试了根据本发明的但无吸热材料的石棉纤维产品的防火特性。已经进行了比较测试，以测试根据本发明的但没有吸热材料的产品样品，以及由石棉纤维和常规粘结剂(用脲改性的苯酚-甲醛树脂)制成的参考产品样品。样品在类似特性的下文中是显而易见的。
已根据EN-ISO 1182-2010进行了测试。测试结果如图1和图2所示，其中图1的图是根据本发明的产品(无吸热材料)并且图2的图是参考产品(无吸热材料)。根据本发明的产品具有78.9kg/m3的平均密度和3.1％的LOI(烧失量)。参考产品具有80.6kg/m3的平均密度和3.7％的LOI(烧失量)。
在图1和图2中，x轴显示时间并且Y轴为温度。
通过将烘箱加热至750℃，具有稳定气流通过，来进行测试。然后将测试样品(相对较小的片)放入烤箱中，导致测量温度下降；样品为“冷”。然后，测得的温度升高到800℃的新稳定温度(不是因为向烤箱提供了更多的热量，而是因为样品“阻断”了烤箱中的一些气流，因此空气流动得更快并且测量升高的温度)。对任何样品进行的测试都表明该温度从750℃升高到800℃。测试结果的相关部分是温度变化之间曲线的行为。
测试结果表明，根据本发明的样品产品(参见图1)引起的温度升高比参考产品(参见图2)缓慢：斜率的垂直度较小，并且曲线与800℃相交的位置较后面。这表明根据本发明的产品比参考样品吸收或“消耗”更多的能量。
另一个相关的观察结果是“过热”，其中根据本发明的产品几乎没有显示出过热(平均测得为2.6℃)(见图1)，而参考产品则显示出明显的过热(平均测得为12.6℃)(见图2)。过热与样品产品中有机物质(即粘结剂)的燃烧有关。常规产品(例如参考样品产品)始终显示出此类过热。据信，根据本发明的样品产品几乎没有显示出过热，因为当粘结剂的有机部分燃烧时，粘结剂中化学结合的水“消耗”了至少一些能量。这也可能是导致曲线的斜率垂直度较低的原因。
在图3中，测试与图1和2中所示的测试中类似的样品产品的阻燃特性。
根据本发明的产品样品由石棉纤维和根据本发明的粘结剂制成，厚度为61mm，且密度为73.8kg/m3。参考样品由石棉纤维和常规粘结剂(用脲改性的苯酚-甲醛树脂)制成，厚度为61mm，且密度为76.8kg/m3。同样，两种样品均不含吸热材料。
该其它测试的结果在某种程度上显示了与第一测试相同的现象。
两条曲线的形状如预期。在该测试中，从一侧加热产品，并且曲线显示了相对侧的测得温度。直到峰值为止的增加表明热量通过产品传播，并且热量是由产品中粘结剂的燃尽引起的。峰值后的下降表明粘结剂有更多的贡献，现在只有第一侧的热量有贡献。
曲线表明，与参考产品样品相比，根据本发明的产品样品具有较低的峰值温度和较小的下降，这意味着与参考产品相比，粘结剂对第二侧的热量增加的贡献较小。
该测试还表明，根据本发明的矿棉防火产品应具有比常规矿棉产品更好的阻燃特性。
总体而言，从测试得出的结论是，根据本发明的产品(无吸热材料)满足标准规定的防火特性，因此关于对火反应该产品可归为Euroclass A1。
此外，由于根据本发明的防火产品中使用的粘结剂不需要高温来固化，因此可以将广泛范围的吸热材料添加到产品中，使得整体防火特性可能比常规的矿棉防火产品甚至更好。

Claims (33)

1.一种防火隔热产品，所述防火隔热产品包括气流成网的矿棉纤维和粘结剂，所述粘结剂是固化包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的结果，并且所述产品还包含颗粒状吸热材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂还包含至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的产品，其中所述颗粒状吸热材料均匀分布在所述防火隔热产品内。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的产品，其中所述产品具有第一面区段和第二面区段，在所述第一面区段和所述第二面区段之间具有芯区段，并且其中所述颗粒状吸热材料被分布成使得在所述矿棉纤维产品的所述芯区段中的吸热材料的浓度高于在所述面区段中的吸热材料的浓度。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的产品，其中所述吸热材料选自石膏、氢氧化镁、水菱镁矿、氢氧化铝和三氢氧化铝构成的群组。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种水胶体选自明胶、果胶、淀粉、褐藻胶、琼脂、卡拉胶、结冷胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯木聚糖、纤维素、凝胶多糖、β-葡聚糖构成的群组。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种水胶体为聚电解质水胶体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由粘结剂组合物的固化得到，其中所述至少一种水胶体选自明胶、果胶、褐藻胶、卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素构成的群组。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由包含至少两种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的固化得到，其中一种水胶体为明胶，并且至少一种其他水胶体选自果胶、淀粉、褐藻胶、琼脂、卡拉胶、结冷胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶、纤维素衍生物诸如羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯木聚糖、纤维素、凝胶多糖、β-葡聚糖构成的群组。
10.根据权利要求9所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由包含明胶的粘结剂组合物的固化得到，其中所述明胶基于所述水胶体的重量计，以10重量％至95重量％，诸如20重量％至80重量％、诸如30重量％至70重量％、诸如40重量％至60重量％的量存在于所述粘结剂中。
11.根据权利要求9或10中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由粘结剂组合物的固化得到，其中所述一种水胶体和所述至少其他水胶体具有互补的电荷。
12.根据权利要求2至11中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为植物油和/或动物油的形式。
13.根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为基于植物的油。
14.根据权利要求2至13中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯选自亚麻籽油、橄榄油、桐油、椰子油、大麻油、油菜籽油和向日葵油构成的群组中的一种或多种组分。
15.根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯为动物油诸如鱼油的形式。
16.根据权利要求2至15中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯包括碘值为≥75，诸如75至180、诸如≥130、诸如130至180的植物油和/或动物油。
17.根据权利要求2至15中任一项所述的产品，其中所述至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯包括碘值为≤100，诸如≤25的植物油和/或动物油。
18.根据权利要求2至17中任一项所述的产品，其中所述脂肪酸甘油酯的含量基于水胶体的干重计为0.5重量％至40重量％，诸如1重量％至30重量％，诸如1.5重量％至15重量％，诸如3重量％至10重量％，诸如4重量％至7.5重量％。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中烧失量(LOI)按重量计，在0.1％至25.0％，诸如0.3％至18.0％、诸如0.5％至12.0％、诸如0.7％至8.0％的范围内。
20.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由粘结剂组合物在低于95℃，诸如5℃至95℃、诸如10℃至80℃、诸如20℃至60℃、诸如40℃至50℃的温度下的固化得到。
21.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由不是热固性粘结剂组合物的粘结剂组合物的固化得到。
22.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由不包含聚(甲基)丙烯酸、聚(甲基)丙烯酸的盐或聚(甲基)丙烯酸的酯的粘结剂组合物的固化得到。
23.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物的固化得到，所述至少一种水胶体为生物聚合物或改性的生物聚合物。
24.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由无甲醛的粘结剂组合物的固化得到。
25.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂由粘结剂组合物的固化得到，所述粘结剂组合物实质上由下列组成：
-至少一种水胶体；
-至少一种脂肪酸甘油酯；
-任选的至少一种pH调节剂；
-任选的至少一种交联剂；
-任选的至少一种防污剂；
-任选的至少一种抗溶胀剂；
-水。
26.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂是不交联的。
27.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂是交联的。
28.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述粘结剂组合物通过干燥过程，特别是通过吹空气或气体越过/穿过所述矿棉产品或者通过升高温度来固化。
29.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述固化在5℃至95℃，诸如10℃至80℃、诸如20℃至60℃、诸如40℃至50℃的温度下进行。
30.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品，其中所述矿棉产品的密度在10kg/m3至1200kg/m3，诸如30kg/m3至800kg/m3、诸如40kg/m3至600kg/m3、诸如50kg/m3至250kg/m3、诸如60kg/m3至200kg/m3的范围内。
31.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的产品用于结构诸如建筑物结构的防火的用途。
32.根据权利要求1至30中任一项所述的产品作为防火门的插入件的用途。
33.根据权利要求1至30中任一项所述的产品用于通风管道的防火的用途。
CN201780090678.5A 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途 Pending CN110730765A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16169635 2016-05-13
EP16169641 2016-05-13
EP16169638 2016-05-13
PCT/EP2017/061419 WO2017194725A2 (en) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 Binder composition
PCT/EP2017/061418 WO2017194724A2 (en) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 Binder composition
EPPCT/EP2017/061419 2017-05-11
EPPCT/EP2017/061418 2017-05-11
PCT/EP2017/079090 WO2018206131A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2017-11-13 A fire-protecting insulation product and use of such product

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110730765A true CN110730765A (zh) 2020-01-24

Family

ID=58671714

Family Applications (15)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201780029097.0A Pending CN109153603A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 用于矿物纤维的包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物
CN202311148372.4A Pending CN117164251A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉粘结剂
CN202310688507.XA Pending CN116733120A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 向结构提供隔离的方法
CN201780029504.8A Pending CN109562988A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉粘结剂
CN201780029503.3A Pending CN109476536A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉产品
CN201780027296.8A Pending CN109153194A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 一种生产包括多个薄片的矿棉产品以及此类产品的方法
CN201780027285.XA Pending CN109153224A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 一种将两个或更多个元件的表面粘结在一起的方法和由所述方法制造的产品
CN201780029470.2A Pending CN109153605A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉产品
CN201780029477.4A Pending CN109153604A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 粘结剂组合物
CN201780028793.XA Pending CN109154155A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 向结构提供隔离的方法
CN201780090636.1A Active CN110809618B (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 矿棉粘结剂
CN201780090678.5A Pending CN110730765A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途
CN201780090671.3A Pending CN110650928A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 制造模制矿棉产品的方法和此类产品
CN201780090546.2A Pending CN110678066A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 生产植物生长基质的方法
CN201780090543.9A Pending CN110709365A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 生产植物生长基质的方法

Family Applications Before (11)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201780029097.0A Pending CN109153603A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 用于矿物纤维的包含至少一种水胶体的粘结剂组合物
CN202311148372.4A Pending CN117164251A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉粘结剂
CN202310688507.XA Pending CN116733120A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 向结构提供隔离的方法
CN201780029504.8A Pending CN109562988A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉粘结剂
CN201780029503.3A Pending CN109476536A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉产品
CN201780027296.8A Pending CN109153194A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 一种生产包括多个薄片的矿棉产品以及此类产品的方法
CN201780027285.XA Pending CN109153224A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 一种将两个或更多个元件的表面粘结在一起的方法和由所述方法制造的产品
CN201780029470.2A Pending CN109153605A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 矿棉产品
CN201780029477.4A Pending CN109153604A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 粘结剂组合物
CN201780028793.XA Pending CN109154155A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-05-11 向结构提供隔离的方法
CN201780090636.1A Active CN110809618B (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 矿棉粘结剂

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201780090671.3A Pending CN110650928A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 制造模制矿棉产品的方法和此类产品
CN201780090546.2A Pending CN110678066A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 生产植物生长基质的方法
CN201780090543.9A Pending CN110709365A (zh) 2016-05-13 2017-11-13 生产植物生长基质的方法

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (13) US20200308408A1 (zh)
EP (9) EP3455186B1 (zh)
CN (15) CN109153603A (zh)
CA (9) CA3023970A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK3455425T3 (zh)
ES (6) ES2937709T3 (zh)
FI (2) FI3621933T3 (zh)
HR (1) HRP20210683T1 (zh)
LT (1) LT3455184T (zh)
PL (7) PL3455058T3 (zh)
RS (4) RS62324B1 (zh)
RU (4) RU2757920C1 (zh)
SI (9) SI3455182T1 (zh)
WO (10) WO2017194719A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105050384A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2015-11-11 罗克伍尔国际公司 种植植物的方法
CA3023970A1 (en) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 Rockwool International A/S Binder composition
WO2018206132A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Rockwool International A/S Mineral wool binder
GB201721306D0 (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-01-31 Knauf Insulation Ltd Mineral fiber based composites
EP3742888A4 (en) * 2018-01-25 2021-10-27 Jiffy International AS ADDITIVES FOR IMPROVED BINDING IN CULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS
TWI672412B (zh) * 2018-02-14 2019-09-21 集盛實業股份有限公司 蛋白肽尼龍混摻組成物及其製造之方法
GB2574206B (en) * 2018-05-29 2023-01-04 Knauf Insulation Sprl Briquettes
CN112384666B (zh) * 2018-07-12 2023-01-06 扎伊罗技术股份公司 生产矿物棉板的方法
CN112384667B (zh) * 2018-07-12 2023-01-13 扎伊罗技术股份公司 具有填充剂的矿物棉板
CN109588368B (zh) * 2018-11-29 2021-11-16 哈尔滨天齐人类第二基因组技术开发应用科技有限责任公司 一种肠二醇和/或肠内酯的生物转化方法
US11741913B2 (en) 2018-12-07 2023-08-29 Amorphyx, Incorporated Methods and circuits for diode-based display backplanes and electronic displays
WO2021032645A1 (en) * 2019-08-16 2021-02-25 Rockwool International A/S Mineral wool binder
CN112494710B (zh) * 2019-09-16 2021-12-14 天津大学 一种转谷氨酰胺酶促交联的双网络粘合剂及其制备方法
CN110665050B (zh) * 2019-11-08 2021-02-26 江南大学 一种生物粘合剂及其制备方法
WO2021130178A1 (en) 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 Rockwool International A/S A flood defence barrier
CA3161501A1 (en) 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 Morten Agenfeld FAGERBERG A storm water management system
MX2022008480A (es) * 2020-01-09 2022-08-02 Saint Gobain Isover Metodo para fabricar productos aislantes basados en lana mineral.
CN111302392B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2022-07-05 郑州大学 一种用于制备沸腾氯化炉用小球团料的有机粘结剂及方法
CN111302391B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2022-07-29 郑州大学 一种全高钛渣制备沸腾氯化炉用小球团料的方法
CN111704819A (zh) * 2020-07-17 2020-09-25 江苏兴达文具集团有限公司 一种可洗金粉胶及其制备方法
CN112239206B (zh) * 2020-11-11 2021-05-28 江苏浦士达环保科技股份有限公司 一种低灰压块煤质活性炭制备方法
EP4244419B1 (en) 2020-11-12 2024-04-03 Freudenberg Performance Materials SE & Co. KG Bituminous membranes with biodegradable binder
CN112616404B (zh) * 2020-12-03 2022-11-25 山东省葡萄研究院 一种葡萄补充硼、钙元素的叶面施用方法
CN114683627A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2022-07-01 包城吉 隔热保温复合板及其制造方法
NL2027270B1 (en) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-22 I4F Licensing Nv Decorative panel and decorative floor covering consisting of said panels
EP4274941A1 (en) * 2021-01-05 2023-11-15 I4F Licensing Nv Decorative panel and decorative floor covering consisting of said panels
CA3208541A1 (en) * 2021-02-16 2022-08-25 Thomas Hjelmgaard Method for producing a mineral wool product
CN117940388A (zh) * 2021-02-16 2024-04-26 洛科威有限公司 生产矿物纤维产品的方法
WO2022175312A1 (en) * 2021-02-16 2022-08-25 Rockwool A/S Mineral wool binder
EP4047070A1 (en) * 2021-02-23 2022-08-24 Foresa Technologies, S.L.U. Adhesive compositions comprising bio-based adhesives from renewable resources, and their use for manufacturing plywood
CN113024846B (zh) * 2021-03-17 2021-12-14 北京大学 一种可调控粘附界面的水凝胶材料、制备方法及其应用
CN113061420B (zh) * 2021-03-31 2022-05-20 北京林业大学 一种高性能大豆蛋白胶黏剂的制备方法
CN113769155A (zh) * 2021-08-12 2021-12-10 中国人民解放军海军军医大学 一种基于生物工程蛋白的生物粘合剂及其制备方法
CN114249557B (zh) * 2022-01-05 2023-04-18 北京金隅节能保温科技(大厂)有限公司 一种环保岩棉及其生产工艺
CN114315197B (zh) * 2022-01-07 2023-02-07 同济大学 一种纤维混凝土界面改性剂及改性方法
BR102022012591A2 (pt) * 2022-06-23 2024-01-02 Inst Hercilio Randon Composição para adesão de metais e materiais compósitos, processo para sua preparação, compósito de atrito, processo de conformação de compósito de atrito
CN115558301B (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-09-15 闽江学院 一种高柔韧性、高离子导电性的抗冻水凝胶及其制备方法

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411972A (en) * 1966-06-30 1968-11-19 Monsanto Res Corp Method for molding gelatin products
US4613627A (en) * 1982-12-13 1986-09-23 Usg Acoustical Products Company Process for the manufacture of shaped fibrous products and the resultant product
NL1001508C2 (nl) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-02 Drukkerij Stadler & Sauerbier Kleefmiddel, in het bijzonder bestemd voor het op houders, zoals flessen, bevestigen van etiketten, werkwijze voor het op houders aanbrengen van etiketten, en werkwijze en inrichting voor het van houders verwijderen van etiketten.
WO1997019141A1 (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Bioinvicta Limited Adhesives
WO1997020780A1 (en) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-12 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre products and their use in fire protection systems
WO1999051536A1 (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-14 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre batts and their production
WO2000017121A1 (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-03-30 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre products for use in thermal insulation, and their production
US20110003522A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2011-01-06 Liang Chen Bio-based aqueous binder for fiberglass insulation materials and non-woven mats
CN101945928A (zh) * 2007-12-21 2011-01-12 阿克佐诺贝尔股份有限公司 热固性多糖
CN102459320A (zh) * 2009-04-29 2012-05-16 太尔公司 包含可交联蛋白材料树脂的复合材料
WO2012166414A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-12-06 Cargill, Incorporated Bio-based binder systems
EP2738232A1 (en) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-04 Omura Consulting GmbH Adhesive Composition

Family Cites Families (109)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB849833A (en) * 1956-05-11 1960-09-28 Saint Gobain Improved mats, boards or shaped pieces made from glass fibre or other thermoplastic mineral materials
NL275294A (zh) 1961-03-08 1900-01-01
FR1599521A (zh) * 1968-03-06 1970-07-15
US3824086A (en) 1972-03-02 1974-07-16 W M Perry By-pass fiber collection system
SU431139A1 (ru) 1972-04-19 1974-06-05 Л. А. Гужва, Л. А. Пономарева, В. Н. Петрухина Способ изготовления акустических изделий
FR2307858A1 (fr) * 1975-04-16 1976-11-12 Vicart Roland Bases pour la realisation de colles ou d'enduits utilisables dans l'industrie du batiment
US4040213A (en) 1975-08-22 1977-08-09 Capaul Raymond W Unitary structural panel for ceiling and wall installations
US4283457A (en) 1979-11-05 1981-08-11 Huyck Corporation Laminate structures for acoustical applications and method of making them
DE3105099A1 (de) 1981-02-12 1982-09-09 Kroll, Walter, 7141 Kirchberg Verbrennungsvorrichtung
AT370470B (de) 1981-06-24 1983-04-11 Oesterr Heraklith Ag Mehrschicht-daemmplatte und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US4463048A (en) 1982-03-04 1984-07-31 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Manufacturing a laminated pack of mineral fibers and resulting product
CA1209893A (en) 1983-10-24 1986-08-19 Neil M. Cameron Reoriented glass fiber board product and method and apparatus for making same
US4822679A (en) * 1985-08-26 1989-04-18 Stemcor Corporation Spray-applied ceramic fiber insulation
US4773960A (en) * 1986-11-06 1988-09-27 Suncoast Insulation Manufacturing, Co. Apparatus for installing fast setting insulation
DK156965C (da) 1987-03-25 1990-03-19 Rockwool Int Udvendig, vandafvisende bygningsbeklaedning.
NL8801724A (nl) 1988-07-07 1990-02-01 Rockwool Lapinus Bv Agroplug, agroplug-systeem en een plugstrip daarvoor.
US5100802A (en) 1989-12-05 1992-03-31 The Dow Chemical Company Fluorescent monitoring method for polymerization reactions
DK165926B (da) 1990-12-07 1993-02-08 Rockwool Int Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af isoleringsplader sammensat af indbyrdes forbundne stavformede mineralfiberelementer
DE4130077A1 (de) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-11 Zentralinstitut Fuer Organisch Mittel zur beschichtung von glasfasern
DE4208733A1 (de) 1992-03-18 1993-09-23 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Aufwuchsmedium fuer pflanzen sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung
US5298205A (en) 1992-05-11 1994-03-29 Polyceramics, Inc. Ceramic filter process
RU2017770C1 (ru) 1992-06-24 1994-08-15 Мордовский государственный университет им.Н.П.Огарева Пресс-масса для изготовления древесных плит
US5661213A (en) 1992-08-06 1997-08-26 Rohm And Haas Company Curable aqueous composition and use as fiberglass nonwoven binder
US5318990A (en) 1993-06-21 1994-06-07 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. Fibrous glass binders
WO1995008259A1 (en) 1993-09-25 1995-03-30 Isover Saint-Gobain Sheet of mineral wool for sustaining vegetation on roofs
FR2725210B1 (fr) * 1994-09-29 1996-12-13 Alquier Colles Et Gelatines Sa Procede d'assemblage a chaud et collage de substrats dont au moins un est poreux et colle thermofusible en milieu aqueux a base de gelatine
US5430070A (en) 1994-12-16 1995-07-04 Ryusuke Kono Functional insulation resin composition
JP3669390B2 (ja) 1995-02-09 2005-07-06 味の素株式会社 バチルス属細菌由来のトランスグルタミナーゼ
DE29507498U1 (de) * 1995-05-05 1995-07-13 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Brandschutzelement mit Schichtstruktur, insbesondere als Einlage für Feuerschutztüren, sowie Halbzeug hierfür
US5800676A (en) * 1996-08-26 1998-09-01 Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing a mineral fiber panel
RU2125029C1 (ru) * 1997-07-16 1999-01-20 Акционерное общество "Авангард" Композиция для волокнистого тепло- и звукоизоляционного материала и способ его получения
NL1008041C2 (nl) 1998-01-16 1999-07-19 Tidis B V I O Toepassing van een wateroplosbaar bindmiddelsysteem voor de productie van glas- of steenwol.
EP0990727A1 (en) 1998-10-02 2000-04-05 Johns Manville International Inc. Polycarboxy/polyol fiberglass binder
US6878385B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2005-04-12 Jentec, Inc. Wrinkle-resistant dressing and gently adhesive composition thereof
EP1086932A1 (en) 1999-07-16 2001-03-28 Rockwool International A/S Resin for a mineral wool binder comprising the reaction product of an amine with a first and second anhydride
DE60113393T3 (de) 2000-02-11 2010-05-12 Heartland Resource Technologies Llc Klebstoffzusammensetzungen aus pflanzlichem protein
EP1155617A1 (en) 2000-05-17 2001-11-21 Rockwool International A/S Mineral wool plant substrate
EP1164163A1 (en) 2000-06-16 2001-12-19 Rockwool International A/S Binder for mineral wool products
EP1170265A1 (en) 2000-07-04 2002-01-09 Rockwool International A/S Binder for mineral wool products
EP1184033A1 (en) 2000-09-01 2002-03-06 Warner-Lambert Company Pectin film compositions
WO2003097227A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 Cabot Corporation Aerogel and hollow particle binder composition, insulation composite, and method for preparing the same
CN101433719A (zh) * 2002-05-21 2009-05-20 徐荣祥 皮肤外用基质
EP1382642A1 (en) 2002-07-15 2004-01-21 Rockwool International A/S Formaldehyde-free aqueous binder composition for mineral fibers
US20040069770A1 (en) 2002-10-11 2004-04-15 Schott Corporation Glass/metal laminate for appliances
EP1622603A4 (en) 2003-03-25 2010-03-24 Kiel Lab Inc GABAPENTINIC PHENOLIC ACID SALTS IN SOLID DOSAGE FORMS AND METHODS OF USE
FR2853903B1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2005-05-27 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage de fibres minerales renfermant un polyacide carboxylique et une polyamine, procede de preparation, et produits resultants
ATE396242T1 (de) 2004-01-19 2008-06-15 Rockwool Int Verfahren zur herstellung von mineralfaserplatten
CA2458159A1 (en) 2004-01-22 2005-07-22 The State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Educ Ation On Behalf Of Oregon State University Formaldehyde-free adhesives and lignocellulosic composites made from the adhesives
NZ551301A (en) * 2004-04-15 2011-01-28 Philippe Pierre Marie Joseph Doneux A construction panel laminate including a viscoelastic acoustic barrier material layer affixed to a flat construction panel
EP1669396A1 (en) 2004-12-10 2006-06-14 Rockwool International A/S Aqueous binder for mineral fibers
US8034450B2 (en) * 2005-01-21 2011-10-11 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Microcapsules and emulsions containing low bloom gelatin and methods of making and using thereof
GB2425282A (en) 2005-04-22 2006-10-25 Celotex Ltd A laminate structure for use in insulation boards
EP1741726A1 (en) 2005-07-08 2007-01-10 Rohm and Haas France SAS Curable aqueous composition and use as water repellant fiberglass nonwoven binder
ES2732298T3 (es) 2005-07-26 2019-11-21 Knauf Insulation Gmbh Un método de fabricación de productos de aislamiento de fibra de vidrio
US20070036975A1 (en) 2005-08-09 2007-02-15 Miele Philip F Glass fiber composite and method of making glass fiber composites using a binder derived from renewable resources
ATE481988T1 (de) 2006-01-18 2010-10-15 Coloplast As Aus schichten bestehender klebeaufbau mit klebeschichten mit unterschiedlicher hydrokolloid-zusammensetzung
UA94732C2 (xx) 2006-01-26 2011-06-10 Роквул Интернешнл А/С Сендвіч-елемент$сандвич-элемент
US7989367B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2011-08-02 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc Reducing formaldehyde emissions from fiberglass insulation
EP1880598A1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-23 Rockwool International A/S Growth substrates, their production and their use
EP1892225A1 (en) 2006-08-23 2008-02-27 Rockwool International A/S Aqueous urea-modified binder for mineral fibres
FR2910481B1 (fr) 2006-12-22 2009-02-06 Saint Gobain Isover Sa Compsition d'encollage pour fibres minerales comprenant une resine phenolique, et produits resultants
DE102007036346A1 (de) 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh + Co Ohg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Formteils sowie Formteil als Wärme- und/oder Schalldämmelement
GB0715100D0 (en) * 2007-08-03 2007-09-12 Knauf Insulation Ltd Binders
FR2924719B1 (fr) 2007-12-05 2010-09-10 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage pour laine minerale comprenant un monosaccharide et/ou un polysaccharide et un acide organique polycarboxylique, et produits isolants obtenus.
FR2929953B1 (fr) * 2008-04-11 2011-02-11 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage pour fibres minerales et produits resultants
CN100567432C (zh) 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 江南大学 一种接枝改性蛋白基胶粘剂的制备方法
JP5662938B2 (ja) 2008-11-19 2015-02-04 エクソンモービル・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク 分離方法
FR2940648B1 (fr) 2008-12-30 2011-10-21 Saint Gobain Isover Produit d'isolation a base de laine minerale resistant au feu, procede de fabrication et composition d'encollage adaptee
EP2230222A1 (en) 2009-03-19 2010-09-22 Rockwool International A/S Aqueous binder composition for mineral fibres
EP2424824B1 (en) 2009-04-27 2022-03-09 Rockwool International A/S Method for coating a substrate with a composite
FI125456B (fi) 2009-04-29 2015-10-15 Paroc Group Oy Mineraalivillaa oleva eristystuotekappale, raakamineraalivillamatto ja näiden valmistusmenetelmät
US9718729B2 (en) 2009-05-15 2017-08-01 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Biocides for bio-based binders, fibrous insulation products and wash water systems
FR2946352B1 (fr) * 2009-06-04 2012-11-09 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage pour laine minerale comprenant un saccharide, un acide organique polycarboxylique et un silicone reactif, et produits isolants obtenus
WO2011002730A1 (en) 2009-06-29 2011-01-06 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Modified starch based binders
EP2459787B1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2019-02-20 Rockwool International A/S Method for manufacturing a mineral fibre-containing element and element produced by that method
CA2777078C (en) 2009-10-09 2017-11-21 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Bio-based binders for insulation and non-woven mats
US20110223364A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-09-15 Hawkins Christopher M Insulative products having bio-based binders
WO2011138458A1 (en) 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Knauf Insulation Carbohydrate polyamine binders and materials made therewith
RU2587180C2 (ru) 2010-07-23 2016-06-20 Роквул Интернэшнл А/С Продукт на основе связанного минерального волокна, характеризующийся высокой огнестойкостью и стойкостью к тлению
EP2415721A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-08 Rockwool International A/S Compacted body for use as mineral charge in the production of mineral wool
FR2964012B1 (fr) 2010-08-31 2017-07-21 Rockwool Int Culture de plantes dans un substrat a base de laine minerale comprenant un liant
CN102068008B (zh) * 2010-10-19 2013-04-03 天津春发生物科技集团有限公司 一种熏煮香肠及其制备方法
FR2968008B1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2014-01-31 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage pour fibres, notamment minerales, comprenant un sucre non reducteur et un sel d'ammonium d'acide inorganique, et produits resultants.
EP2665876B1 (en) 2011-01-17 2015-03-18 Construction Research & Technology GmbH Composite thermal insulation system
ES1074717Y (es) * 2011-04-15 2011-08-30 Ability Diseno Grafico S L Lamina
US20120301546A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Hassan Emadeldin M Acid-resistant soft gel compositions
FR2976582B1 (fr) 2011-06-17 2014-12-26 Saint Gobain Isover Composition d'encollage pour laine minerale a faible emission de composes organiques volatils, et produits isolants obtenus.
CH706380A1 (de) * 2012-04-13 2013-10-15 Fluid Solids Ag C O Studio Beat Karrer Abbaubares Material aus biologischen Komponenten.
US20130287993A1 (en) * 2012-04-27 2013-10-31 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc Composite products made with binder compositions that include tannins and multifunctional aldehydes
TR201816150T4 (tr) 2012-06-01 2018-11-21 Stm Tech S R L Mineral lifler için formaldehit içermeyen bağlayıcı bileşik.
US10208414B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2019-02-19 Johns Manville Soy protein and carbohydrate containing binder compositions
CN105050384A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2015-11-11 罗克伍尔国际公司 种植植物的方法
CN103627366B (zh) * 2013-11-15 2016-01-13 湖南科技大学 一种明胶基胶粘剂的制备方法
CN113717656A (zh) 2013-12-20 2021-11-30 新西兰森林研究机构有限公司 黏着剂
CN103740326A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-04-23 阎肖华 一种蛋白基木材胶粘剂及其制备方法
PL3148319T3 (pl) * 2014-05-29 2022-02-21 Rockwool International A/S Produkt z podłożem wzrostowym
GB201412335D0 (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-08-27 Knauf Insulation Ltd And Knauf Insulation Binder
GB201412706D0 (en) * 2014-07-17 2014-09-03 Knauf Insulation And Knauf Insulation Ltd Improved binder compositions and uses thereof
HUE031364T2 (en) 2014-08-25 2017-07-28 Rockwool Int Bio binder
CN104264326B (zh) * 2014-09-10 2016-01-06 江苏理工学院 聚氨酯玻璃纤维复合纤维布的制备方法
EP3237350B1 (en) 2014-12-23 2019-10-30 Rockwool International A/S Improved binder
CN105123314B (zh) * 2015-07-20 2018-02-06 陈洪凯 石漠化地区乔木种植装置及制备种植方法
FR3041356B1 (fr) * 2015-09-21 2019-06-07 Universite Amiens Picardie Jules Verne Composition adhesive comprenant un ester de silicate
US9777472B2 (en) * 2015-10-28 2017-10-03 Awi Licensing Llc Scrim attachment system
CN105601128A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-25 神州富盛科技（北京）有限公司 一种玻纤浸润用淀粉成膜剂
CA3023970A1 (en) 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 Rockwool International A/S Binder composition
RU2745268C2 (ru) * 2016-05-18 2021-03-22 Соленис Текнолоджиз, Л.П. Способ повышения адгезии жидкого тонера, напечатанного на субстрате, и продукты на его основе
FR3055622B1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2022-04-01 Saint Gobain Isover Procede de fabrication de laine minerale
JP2019530757A (ja) * 2017-07-18 2019-10-24 モダン メドウ，インコーポレイテッド バイオファブリケートレザー物品、及びその方法

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411972A (en) * 1966-06-30 1968-11-19 Monsanto Res Corp Method for molding gelatin products
US4613627A (en) * 1982-12-13 1986-09-23 Usg Acoustical Products Company Process for the manufacture of shaped fibrous products and the resultant product
NL1001508C2 (nl) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-02 Drukkerij Stadler & Sauerbier Kleefmiddel, in het bijzonder bestemd voor het op houders, zoals flessen, bevestigen van etiketten, werkwijze voor het op houders aanbrengen van etiketten, en werkwijze en inrichting voor het van houders verwijderen van etiketten.
WO1997019141A1 (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Bioinvicta Limited Adhesives
WO1997020780A1 (en) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-12 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre products and their use in fire protection systems
WO1999051536A1 (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-14 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre batts and their production
WO2000017121A1 (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-03-30 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibre products for use in thermal insulation, and their production
CN101945928A (zh) * 2007-12-21 2011-01-12 阿克佐诺贝尔股份有限公司 热固性多糖
CN102459320A (zh) * 2009-04-29 2012-05-16 太尔公司 包含可交联蛋白材料树脂的复合材料
US20110003522A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2011-01-06 Liang Chen Bio-based aqueous binder for fiberglass insulation materials and non-woven mats
WO2012166414A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-12-06 Cargill, Incorporated Bio-based binder systems
EP2738232A1 (en) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-04 Omura Consulting GmbH Adhesive Composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RS61928B1 (sr) 2021-06-30
US20190211486A1 (en) 2019-07-11
EP3455182A1 (en) 2019-03-20
RU2018144069A (ru) 2020-06-15
EP3455058A1 (en) 2019-03-20
WO2017194719A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RS62834B1 (sr) 2022-02-28
PL3455182T3 (pl) 2021-09-13
CN109154155A (zh) 2019-01-04
SI3455184T1 (sl) 2022-04-29
CN109153194A (zh) 2019-01-04
CA3023967A1 (en) 2017-11-16
WO2017194717A1 (en) 2017-11-16
US20210137031A1 (en) 2021-05-13
SI3621933T1 (sl) 2023-04-28
RU2018144083A3 (zh) 2020-09-03
PL3455058T3 (pl) 2021-10-04
ES2937709T3 (es) 2023-03-30
WO2017194725A2 (en) 2017-11-16
RU2018144072A (ru) 2020-06-15
SI3455425T1 (sl) 2021-11-30
RU2018144079A3 (zh) 2020-10-06
US20190135688A1 (en) 2019-05-09
HRP20210683T1 (hr) 2021-06-11
EP3455183B1 (en) 2021-07-07
CA3214502A1 (en) 2017-11-16
CN110709365A (zh) 2020-01-17
WO2017194725A3 (en) 2017-12-21
EP3455425B1 (en) 2021-08-11
ES2906193T3 (es) 2022-04-13
EP3455185A2 (en) 2019-03-20
CA3023970A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RU2018142771A3 (zh) 2020-10-06
CN117164251A (zh) 2023-12-05
CA3023997A1 (en) 2017-11-16
US20230415467A1 (en) 2023-12-28
CN116733120A (zh) 2023-09-12
WO2017194722A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RU2757920C1 (ru) 2021-10-22
CN109153604A (zh) 2019-01-04
WO2017194724A2 (en) 2017-11-16
PL3455425T3 (pl) 2021-12-27
SI3621934T1 (sl) 2023-04-28
DK3455425T3 (da) 2021-10-25
CA3023739A1 (en) 2017-11-16
EP3455058B1 (en) 2021-04-07
EP3455182B1 (en) 2021-03-31
CA3023963A1 (en) 2017-11-16
US20200308408A1 (en) 2020-10-01
RU2738155C2 (ru) 2020-12-08
EP3455067B8 (en) 2023-01-11
EP3455179A1 (en) 2019-03-20
US11590747B2 (en) 2023-02-28
WO2017194724A3 (en) 2017-12-21
RU2018138634A3 (zh) 2020-07-08
ES2875844T3 (es) 2021-11-11
ES2939342T3 (es) 2023-04-21
ES2939173T3 (es) 2023-04-19
EP3455184B1 (en) 2021-12-08
RU2018138634A (ru) 2020-06-15
CN110809618A (zh) 2020-02-18
US20190210323A1 (en) 2019-07-11
FI3621933T3 (fi) 2023-03-09
EP3455186A1 (en) 2019-03-20
EP3455186B1 (en) 2020-07-08
SI3455179T1 (sl) 2020-11-30
US20190136427A1 (en) 2019-05-09
CN110809618B (zh) 2022-03-01
CN110678066A (zh) 2020-01-10
PL3455185T3 (pl) 2021-09-06
RU2739066C2 (ru) 2020-12-21
RU2018144083A (ru) 2020-06-15
EP3455179B1 (en) 2020-07-08
CN109153603A (zh) 2019-01-04
US11174578B2 (en) 2021-11-16
RU2018142771A (ru) 2020-06-18
RU2018144079A (ru) 2020-06-15
US20230415468A1 (en) 2023-12-28
ES2896749T3 (es) 2022-02-25
CN109476536A (zh) 2019-03-15
PL3455183T3 (pl) 2021-12-06
CA3023740A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RS61867B1 (sr) 2021-06-30
US20200317921A1 (en) 2020-10-08
CN109562988A (zh) 2019-04-02
SI3455058T1 (sl) 2021-08-31
EP3455425A1 (en) 2019-03-20
US20200165399A1 (en) 2020-05-28
CA3023973A1 (en) 2017-11-16
CN109153605A (zh) 2019-01-04
EP3455184A1 (en) 2019-03-20
US20230166492A1 (en) 2023-06-01
CA3023189A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RS62324B1 (sr) 2021-10-29
PL3455067T3 (pl) 2023-02-06
SI3455182T1 (sl) 2021-08-31
US11919283B2 (en) 2024-03-05
CN109153224A (zh) 2019-01-04
WO2017194726A1 (en) 2017-11-16
WO2017194723A1 (en) 2017-11-16
US11820116B2 (en) 2023-11-21
EP3455067A1 (en) 2019-03-20
WO2017194718A1 (en) 2017-11-16
US11865826B2 (en) 2024-01-09
FI3621934T3 (fi) 2023-03-17
SI3455183T1 (sl) 2021-11-30
PL3455184T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
WO2017194720A1 (en) 2017-11-16
RU2018144069A3 (zh) 2020-08-31
LT3455184T (lt) 2022-02-10
US20200308355A1 (en) 2020-10-01
EP3455185B1 (en) 2021-03-17
RU2771125C2 (ru) 2022-04-26
SI3455185T1 (sl) 2021-08-31
RU2018144074A3 (zh) 2020-10-08
RU2018144072A3 (zh) 2020-09-01
US20200047478A1 (en) 2020-02-13
CN110650928A (zh) 2020-01-03
RU2018144074A (ru) 2020-06-15
WO2017194721A1 (en) 2017-11-16
EP3455067B1 (en) 2022-12-07
EP3455183A2 (en) 2019-03-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110730765A (zh) 一种防火隔热产品及此类产品的用途
CN110799468B (zh) 包含至少一种水胶体和脂肪酸甘油酯的用于矿物纤维的粘结剂组合物
RU2787101C2 (ru) Связующая композиция для минеральных волокон, содержащая по меньшей мере один гидроколлоид и сложный эфир жирных кислот и глицерина
RU2775636C2 (ru) Композиция связующего вещества
RU2776738C2 (ru) Композиция связующего вещества

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB02 Change of applicant information
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: Hedehusene

Applicant after: Rockwell Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Hedehusene

Applicant before: ROCKWOOL INTERNATIONAL A/S