CN110574517B

CN110574517B - Ramie field transformation method

Info

Publication number: CN110574517B
Application number: CN201910874344.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪红武; 郑红; 汤涤洛; 熊伟
Original assignee: Xianning Agriculture Academy Of Sciences
Current assignee: Xianning Agriculture Academy Of Sciences
Priority date: 2019-09-17
Filing date: 2019-09-17
Publication date: 2023-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-17
Also published as: CN110574517A

Abstract

The invention discloses a ramie field reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, reserving a tractor plough way for facilitating mechanical field entering operation; marking the center line of the field; step three, opening a surrounding ditch along the periphery of the field block; fourthly, the ground on both sides of the center line of the field is inclined planes which incline downwards from the center line towards the edge direction of the field; and fifthly, planting ramie after rotary tillage in the field. The ramie field reconstruction method of the invention reserves the mechanical tillage channel, takes the center line of the ramie field as a high point, sets the heaven and earth at the two sides of the center line into the gentle slopes which incline downwards, achieves the purpose of draining and removing water stains of the field, omits the structures of the compartment ditch and the waist ditch, realizes mechanical operation on the premise of ensuring the drainage of the field, greatly lightens the labor burden of planting personnel, and improves the planting benefit of the ramie.

Description

Ramie field transformation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a ramie field reconstruction method.

Background

Ramie is a plant of subshrub or shrub of genus Ramie of family Urticaceae, one of ancient important fiber crops in Ramie China, originally produced in southwest region of China, and planted in some places in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river of the age of neolithic apparatus. The Chinese ramie has the longest cultivation history, and the earliest unearthed ages of archaeology are ramie cloth and fine ramie ropes unearthed from the ancient site of the Xinshi apparatus times of the Zhejiang Qianshan. China is a country with many varieties and wild species of ramie, and the ramie is more suitable for temperate and subtropical climates.

The ramie has the requirements on soil moisture, the soil moisture content is preferably 20-24%, or 80-85% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil, drought is reduced, waterlogging is increased, and the ramie is not favorable. As the ramie belongs to the non-stain-resistant crops, in order to achieve the effects of draining and removing the stains, the traditional cultivation of the ramie garden is that the compartment ditch is added with mistakes and the ditches are communicated, the ramie needs to be earthed up by a winter pipe to accumulate roots, the ground is more uneven, the mechanical walking of the ramie field is difficult, in addition, the ramie is a perennial crop, the roots of the ramie are easily crushed by a tractor when the ramie is walked in the field, the operations of mechanical harvesting, intertillage fertilization and the like cannot be realized, and the planting benefit is low due to heavy labor work.

Therefore, how to change the current situation that the mechanical operation of the ramie field cannot be realized and the labor intensity of the planting personnel is high in the prior art becomes a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ramie field transformation method, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, realize mechanical operation of the ramie field and reduce the labor burden of planting personnel.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a ramie field reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, reserving a tractor plough way for facilitating mechanical field entering operation;

marking the center line of the field;

step three, opening a surrounding ditch along the periphery of the field piece;

fourthly, the ground on two sides of the center line of the field piece is inclined planes which incline downwards from the center line towards the edge direction of the field piece;

and fifthly, planting ramie after rotary tillage in the field.

Preferably, in the third step, the depth of the surrounding ditch is 80-100cm.

Preferably, in step four, the slope of the ground on both sides of the midline of the field is less than 3 °.

Preferably, in the fifth step, the ramie is planted in a wide-narrow row mode.

Preferably, when the ramie is planted, the row spacing of wide rows is 70cm, the row spacing of narrow rows is 30cm, and the planting distance is 50cm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the method for modifying the ramie field comprises the following steps: firstly, reserving a tractor plough way for facilitating mechanical field entering operation; marking the center line of the field; step three, opening a surrounding ditch along the periphery of the field block; fourthly, the ground on both sides of the center line of the field is inclined planes which incline downwards from the center line towards the edge direction of the field; and fifthly, planting ramie after rotary tillage in the field. The ramie field reconstruction method of the invention reserves the mechanical tillage channel, takes the center line of the ramie field as a high point, sets the heaven and earth at the two sides of the center line into the gentle slopes which incline downwards, achieves the purpose of draining and removing water stains of the field, omits the structures of the compartment ditch and the waist ditch, realizes mechanical operation on the premise of ensuring the drainage of the field, greatly lightens the labor burden of planting personnel, and improves the planting benefit of the ramie.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a ramie field reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps:

marking the center line of the field according to the shape of the field;

step three, opening a surrounding ditch along the periphery of the field block;

fourthly, the ground on both sides of the center line of the field block is inclined, the ground inclines downwards from the center line towards the edge direction of the field block, and the field block is integrally in a 'tortoise back' shaped structure;

and fifthly, carrying out rotary tillage in the field without taking ridges and opening carriage ditches and middle ditches, and planting ramie after the rotary tillage is finished.

The ramie field reconstruction method of the invention reserves the mechanical plough way, takes the center line of the ramie field as a high point, and sets the heaven and earth at the two sides of the center line into the gentle slopes inclined downwards, thereby achieving the purpose of draining water and removing stains of the field, omitting the structures of compartment ditches and waist ditches, realizing mechanical operation on the premise of ensuring the drainage of the field, greatly lightening the labor burden of planting personnel, and improving the planting benefit of the ramie.

In the embodiment, the depth of the gutter in the third step is 80-100cm, so that the field can be smoothly drained.

In addition, the inclination of the ground on the two sides of the center line of the field is less than 3 degrees, so that the construction difficulty is reduced on the premise of meeting the requirement of drainage and stain removal of the field, and convenience is provided for mechanical operation as far as possible.

In the fifth step, the ramie is planted in a wide-narrow row mode, and the wide-narrow row planting is beneficial to improving the ventilation and light transmission conditions and is also beneficial to field management in the middle and later periods.

More specifically, when the ramie is planted, the row spacing of wide rows is 70cm, the row spacing of narrow rows is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 50cm.

The method for improving a ramie field according to the invention is explained below by means of specific examples:

meanwhile, selecting three setting modes of A traditional ridging ramie field (with a compartment ditch, a middle ditch and a peripheral ditch), B without taking ridges to flatten the ramie field (without a compartment ditch, a middle ditch and a peripheral ditch), C without taking ridges to flatten the ramie field (without a compartment ditch, a middle ditch, a peripheral ditch and a small gentle slope), planting ramie by adopting wide and narrow row cultivation, wherein the width of each row is 70cm, the width of each row is 30cm, the planting distance is 50cm, the subsequent field management is consistent, and adjusting differences of the growth and production yield of the ramie, the field walking condition of a ramie harvester and the field walking condition of an intertillage fertilizer applicator respectively, wherein the results are shown in the following list.

Table 1: annual agronomic characters of ramie treated differently

Table 2: investigation condition of different processing machines for harvesting and fertilizing cultivator

As seen from tables 1 and 2, the ramie biological yield is basically consistent in the setting scheme A and the setting scheme C, the stump is seriously lost in the setting scheme B, the raining accumulated water cannot be discharged in time, the stump of the ramie is rotten, and the production yield is not guaranteed. In the aspect of mechanical walking operation, ramie harvesting and intertillage provided with the scheme B and the scheme C are basically non-mechanical, the efficiency can reach 5 mu/h, and the scheme B is completely applied by manual harvesting and intertillage. Comprehensive evaluation, the scheme C can be mechanically operated on the premise of not reducing the production yield of the ramie, labor is saved, the working efficiency is further improved along with the development of ramie machinery, and the combination of agricultural machinery and agriculture is really achieved.

The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A ramie field transformation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, reserving a tractor plough way for facilitating mechanical field entering operation;

marking the center line of the field;

step three, opening a gutter along the periphery of the field block, wherein the depth of the gutter is 80-100cm;

fourthly, the ground on both sides of the center line of the field block is inclined, the ground inclines downwards from the center line towards the edge direction of the field block, and the field block is integrally in a 'tortoise back' shaped structure; the inclination of the ground on the two sides of the center line of the field is less than 3 degrees, so that the construction difficulty is reduced on the premise of meeting the requirements of drainage and stain removal of the field, and convenience is provided for mechanical operation;

step five, rotary tillage is carried out in the field without taking ridges and opening carriage ditches and middle ditches; after rotary tillage is carried out in the field, ramie is planted in a wide-narrow row mode, and the wide-narrow row planting is beneficial to improving ventilation and light transmission conditions and is also beneficial to field management in the middle and later periods;

when the ramie is planted, the wide row spacing is 70cm, the narrow row spacing is 30cm, and the planting distance is 50cm;

the machine plowing path is reserved, the center line of the ramie field is used as a high point, the fields on two sides of the center line are set to be gentle slopes inclined downwards, the purpose of field water drainage and stain drainage is achieved, the structures of compartment ditches and waist ditches are omitted, and mechanical operation is achieved on the premise that field water drainage is guaranteed.