CN107836312B - Synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter - Google Patents
Synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107836312B CN107836312B CN201711424071.4A CN201711424071A CN107836312B CN 107836312 B CN107836312 B CN 107836312B CN 201711424071 A CN201711424071 A CN 201711424071A CN 107836312 B CN107836312 B CN 107836312B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synergistic method for consuming biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter, which can relatively and evenly consume the biogas slurry in the mulberry field and orchard in the whole late autumn to early spring stage, so that the biogas slurry generated by the livestock and poultry manure of large-scale pig farms and the like through biogas fermentation treatment can effectively return to farmlands, the fertilizer utilization is realized, 2000-year vegetable supplements and 4000kg are harvested in each mu of mulberry field and orchard, the income is increased by 800-year-round and 2000-yuan, meanwhile, the adverse effects of soil surface hardening and the like caused by applying the biogas slurry can be effectively prevented, the fertility level of a soil cultivation layer is stably improved, and the synergistic effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of synergism of mulberry gardens, in particular to a synergism method for absorbing biogas slurry in winter in mulberry gardens and orchards.
Background
The cultivation land of mulberry field and fallen leaf orchard such as grape, pear, etc. is vacant in winter and spring, the vegetables in winter and spring are intercropped in the bigger row space of mulberry field and orchard, through the reasonable plant row spacing configuration and the measure optimization of biogas slurry use, can realize the large amount of consumption of biogas slurry in winter of mulberry field and orchard, can not only solve the resource utilization of biogas slurry effectively, but also can realize the high-quality high yield of vegetables in winter and spring, reach the apparent increase of comprehensive benefit in winter and spring of mulberry field and orchard. The existing planting method for mulberry gardens and orchards cannot effectively consume the swamp liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in winter in mulberry gardens and orchards, which aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter comprises the following steps:
A. selecting vegetable varieties suitable for absorbing biogas slurry in winter in mulberry and orchard; selecting caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, mustard tuber, leaf mustard, caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, and green vegetables at middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river along the river and in the south of the river;
B. selecting the maximum value of the suitable planting density of the intercropped vegetables, and performing row spacing configuration: the spacing between the rows of the mulberry and the fruit tree is usually more than 1.5 meters, usually under the condition of spacing 1.5-2.0 meters, 4 rows of vegetables are planted in the middle of the rows of the mulberry and the fruit garden, the planted 4 rows of vegetables are sequentially represented by A1, A2, A3 and A4, the row spacing between A1 and A2 and the row spacing between A3 and A4 are both 25 centimeters, the row spacing between A2 and A3 is 40 centimeters, 25 centimeters are arranged in the middle of the two rows for a field management walkway, A1 and A4 are two side rows, and the distance between the two rows and the mulberry and the fruit tree is 30-55 centimeters; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 1.5 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 30 cm; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 2.0 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 55 cm; the vegetable spacing is 18-25 cm, and the staggered arrangement mode is adopted, so that the proper spacing of the tuber mustard varieties is 20-22 cm;
C. before planting vegetables, the biogas slurry is applied in a combined mode of ploughing and fertilizing a plough layer: 10-15 days before vegetable field planting, in vegetable planting zones among mulberry or fruit tree rows, combined ploughing is carried out, and 3.0kg-4.5kg/m of biogas slurry is sprayed2(ii) a 2-5 days before vegetable field planting, combining soil preparation and raking in vegetable planting zones among mulberry or fruit tree rows, spraying 2.0kg-3.0kg/m biogas slurry2(ii) a Before vegetable field planting, the biogas slurry application areas of the vegetable field planting belts are respectively extended by 10 centimeters by taking A1-A2 and A3-A4 as centers, so that the nutrients of the biogas slurry can be fully and effectively absorbed by vegetable rhizosphere;
D. digging biogas slurry irrigation ditches among vegetable rows after the vegetables are planted: the biogas slurry irrigation ditch is dug in the middle between two rows of vegetables of A1 and A2, A3 and A4 respectively, the width of the ditch surface is 6-8 cm, the width of the ditch bottom is 5-6 cm, the depth of the ditch is 13-15 cm, the cross section of the ditch is trapezoidal, rice straws with the thickness of 5-7 cm are laid at the bottom of the ditch, the length of the straws is less than or equal to 6 cm, and the straws are compacted;
E. applying biogas slurry in the biogas slurry irrigation ditch after the vegetables are planted: after field planting, normally applying the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry infiltrating irrigation ditch for 1 time every 12-20 days, wherein the application amount is reduced to 1.0kg-1.5kg/m2The specific application date of the biogas slurry is selected in the period of no rain and relatively dry soil according toThe fertilizer and water requirements of the vegetables are characterized in that the biogas slurry is applied for 8-10 times from the planting to the harvesting of the vegetables;
F. after the vegetables are harvested, the vegetable planting area is ploughed and prepared, the rice straws paved at the bottom of the biogas slurry irrigation ditch are uniformly mixed with the soil in the farming area, the volume weight of the soil can be effectively reduced, and the soil surface hardening caused by applying the biogas slurry is prevented.
Preferably, the cultivation depth of the step C is 15-20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the synergistic method for consuming biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter provided by the invention can relatively and uniformly consume biogas slurry in the mulberry field and orchard in the whole late autumn to early spring stage, so that biogas slurry generated by large-scale pig farm and other livestock manure through biogas fermentation treatment can effectively return to farmland, the fertilizer utilization is realized, 2000-year vegetable supplements per mu of mulberry field and orchard are harvested, the income per mu is increased by 800-year supplements, 2000-year benefits are increased, meanwhile, adverse effects such as soil surface hardening caused by biogas slurry application can be effectively prevented, the fertility level of a soil cultivation layer is stably improved, and a good comprehensive synergistic effect is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the row spacing arrangement of the mulberry and orchard intercropping vegetables according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a soil plowing biogas slurry application area before planting vegetables in mulberry and orchard;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout view of biogas slurry infiltrating irrigation ditches among rows of vegetables in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the biogas slurry infiltrating irrigation ditch of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter comprises the following steps:
A. selecting vegetable varieties suitable for absorbing biogas slurry in winter in mulberry and orchard; selecting caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, mustard tuber, leaf mustard, caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, and green vegetables at middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river along the river and in the south of the river;
B. selecting the maximum value of the suitable planting density of the intercropped vegetables, and performing row spacing configuration: the spacing between the rows of the mulberry and the fruit tree is usually more than 1.5 meters, usually under the condition of spacing 1.5-2.0 meters, 4 rows of vegetables are planted in the middle of the rows of the mulberry and the fruit garden, the planted 4 rows of vegetables are sequentially represented by A1, A2, A3 and A4, the row spacing between A1 and A2 and the row spacing between A3 and A4 are both 25 centimeters, the row spacing between A2 and A3 is 40 centimeters, 25 centimeters are arranged in the middle of the two rows for a field management walkway, A1 and A4 are two side rows, and the distance between the two rows and the mulberry and the fruit tree is 30-55 centimeters; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 1.5 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 30 cm; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 2.0 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 55 cm; the vegetable spacing is 18-25 cm, and the staggered arrangement mode is adopted, so that the proper spacing of the tuber mustard varieties is 20-22 cm;
C. before planting vegetables, the biogas slurry is applied in a combined mode of ploughing and fertilizing a plough layer: 10-15 days before the vegetable field planting, combining plowing on a vegetable planting zone between mulberry or fruit tree rows, wherein the plowing depth is 15-20 cm; spraying biogas slurry 3.0kg-4.5kg/m2(ii) a 2-5 days before vegetable field planting, combining soil preparation and raking in vegetable planting zones among mulberry or fruit tree rows, spraying 2.0kg-3.0kg/m biogas slurry2(ii) a Before vegetable field planting, the biogas slurry application areas of the vegetable field planting belts are respectively extended by 10 centimeters by taking A1-A2 and A3-A4 as centers, so that the nutrients of the biogas slurry can be fully and effectively absorbed by vegetable rhizosphere;
D. digging biogas slurry irrigation ditches among vegetable rows after the vegetables are planted: the biogas slurry irrigation ditch is dug in the middle between two rows of vegetables of A1 and A2, A3 and A4 respectively, the width of the ditch surface is 6-8 cm, the width of the ditch bottom is 5-6 cm, the depth of the ditch is 13-15 cm, the cross section of the ditch is trapezoidal, rice straws with the thickness of 5-7 cm are laid at the bottom of the ditch, the length of the straws is less than or equal to 6 cm, and the straws are compacted; the rice straws laid at the bottom of the ditch absorb nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the biogas slurry through the straws, so that excessive infiltration of the biogas slurry is effectively prevented and controlled.
E. Applying biogas slurry in the biogas slurry irrigation ditch after the vegetables are planted: after field planting, normally applying the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry infiltrating irrigation ditch for 1 time every 12-20 days, wherein the application amount is reduced to 1.0kg-1.5kg/m2The specific application date of the biogas slurry is selected in a period of no rain and relatively dry soil, and the biogas slurry is applied for 8-10 times from vegetable planting to vegetable harvesting according to the characteristics of fertilizer and water requirements of the vegetables;
F. after the vegetables are harvested, the vegetable planting area is ploughed and prepared, the rice straws paved at the bottom of the biogas slurry irrigation ditch are uniformly mixed with the soil in the farming area, the volume weight of the soil can be effectively reduced, and the soil surface hardening caused by applying the biogas slurry is prevented.
The synergistic method for consuming biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter provided by the invention can relatively and uniformly consume biogas slurry in the mulberry field and orchard in the whole late autumn to early spring stage, so that biogas slurry generated by large-scale pig farm and other livestock manure through biogas fermentation treatment can effectively return to farmland, the fertilizer utilization is realized, 2000-year vegetable supplements per mu of mulberry field and orchard are harvested, the income per mu is increased by 800-year supplements, 2000-year benefits are increased, meanwhile, adverse effects such as soil surface hardening caused by biogas slurry application can be effectively prevented, the fertility level of a soil cultivation layer is stably improved, and a good comprehensive synergistic effect is realized.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A synergistic method for dissolving biogas slurry in mulberry field and orchard in winter is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. selecting vegetable varieties suitable for absorbing biogas slurry in winter in mulberry and orchard; selecting caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, mustard tuber, leaf mustard, caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, and green vegetables at middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river along the river and in the south of the river;
B. selecting the maximum value of the suitable planting density of the intercropped vegetables, and performing row spacing configuration: the spacing between the rows of the mulberry and the fruit tree is usually more than 1.5 meters, usually under the condition of spacing 1.5-2.0 meters, 4 rows of vegetables are planted in the middle of the rows of the mulberry and the fruit garden, the planted 4 rows of vegetables are sequentially represented by A1, A2, A3 and A4, the row spacing between A1 and A2 and the row spacing between A3 and A4 are both 25 centimeters, the row spacing between A2 and A3 is 40 centimeters, 25 centimeters are arranged in the middle of the two rows for a field management walkway, A1 and A4 are two side rows, and the distance between the two rows and the mulberry and the fruit tree is 30-55 centimeters; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 1.5 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 30 cm; when the spacing between the mulberry or fruit tree rows is 2.0 m, the spacing between the vegetable side rows and the tree body is 55 cm; the vegetable spacing is 18-25 cm, and the staggered arrangement mode is adopted, so that the proper spacing of the tuber mustard varieties is 20-22 cm;
C. before planting vegetables, the biogas slurry is applied in a combined mode of ploughing and fertilizing a plough layer: 10-15 days before vegetable field planting, in vegetable planting zones among mulberry or fruit tree rows, combined ploughing is carried out, and 3.0kg-4.5kg/m of biogas slurry is sprayed2(ii) a 2-5 days before vegetable field planting, combining soil preparation and raking in vegetable planting zones among mulberry or fruit tree rows, spraying 2.0kg-3.0kg/m biogas slurry2(ii) a Before vegetable field planting, the biogas slurry application areas of the vegetable field planting belts are respectively extended by 10 centimeters by taking A1-A2 and A3-A4 as centers, so that the nutrients of the biogas slurry can be fully and effectively absorbed by vegetable rhizosphere;
D. digging biogas slurry irrigation ditches among vegetable rows after the vegetables are planted: the biogas slurry irrigation ditch is dug in the middle between two rows of vegetables of A1 and A2, A3 and A4 respectively, the width of the ditch surface is 6-8 cm, the width of the ditch bottom is 5-6 cm, the depth of the ditch is 13-15 cm, the cross section of the ditch is trapezoidal, rice straws with the thickness of 5-7 cm are laid at the bottom of the ditch, the length of the straws is less than or equal to 6 cm, and the straws are compacted;
E. applying biogas slurry in the biogas slurry irrigation ditch after the vegetables are planted: after field planting, normally applying the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry infiltrating irrigation ditch for 1 time every 12-20 days, wherein the application amount is reduced to 1.0kg-1.5kg/m2The specific application date of the biogas slurry is selected in a period of no rain and relatively dry soil, and the biogas slurry is applied for 8-10 times from vegetable planting to vegetable harvesting according to the characteristics of fertilizer and water requirements of the vegetables;
F. after the vegetables are harvested, the vegetable planting area is ploughed and prepared, the rice straws paved at the bottom of the biogas slurry irrigation ditch are uniformly mixed with the soil in the farming area, the volume weight of the soil can be effectively reduced, and the soil surface hardening caused by applying the biogas slurry is prevented.
2. The synergistic method for digesting biogas slurry in winter in mulberry gardens and orchards according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and C, cultivating at a depth of 15-20 cm.
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| CN103430680A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏神舟农业科技有限公司 | Fertilizing method by utilizing biogas manure in vegetable cultivation |
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