CN110563518A - Wormcast organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Wormcast organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110563518A CN110563518A CN201910770076.5A CN201910770076A CN110563518A CN 110563518 A CN110563518 A CN 110563518A CN 201910770076 A CN201910770076 A CN 201910770076A CN 110563518 A CN110563518 A CN 110563518A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a wormcast organic fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35-50 parts of wormcast, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 10-25 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of vegetable cake, 8-10 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of raw rice hull and 2-5 parts of bone meal. Firstly, respectively fermenting wormcast, vegetable cake and raw rice hull; secondly, uniformly mixing 35-50 parts of fermented wormcast, 10-25 parts of fermented straw, 10-20 parts of fermented vegetable cake, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of mushroom residue and 2-5 parts of bone meal, and piling and fermenting for 10 days to obtain an organic fertilizer; and finally, granulating and drying the organic fertilizer to obtain the finished product of the organic fertilizer. The product produced by the formula of the invention has stable fertilizer efficiency, can be used for any plant, has a certain disease-preventing effect, is a finished organic fertilizer, and has simple production process, sufficient raw materials and low price.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a wormcast organic fertilizer.
background
The survival of plants depends on soil as a base, and the fertilizer is the grain of the plants. Plants need a large amount of nutrients to promote the rapid growth of the plants in the growth process, and different soils have certain influence on the growth of crops, so that the soils need to be effectively improved. The existing fertilizer for improving soil can only see the influence of the fertilizer on crops, and can not effectively improve the soil. Most of the soil is hardened due to the application of chemical fertilizers, and the organic fertilizers can well solve the problems.
the wormcast is mainly used for biological fertilizer, soil improvement, detoxification, adsorbent and the like. Unlike common fertilizer, it is odorless, tasteless, granular and has high water absorbing and permeating performance. It has been found that it contains a greater amount of minerals than cow dung. The wormcast is applied into the soil, so that the physical characteristics of the soil can be adjusted, the growth of plants is facilitated, the nutrient content in the soil can be obviously increased, and the fertility of the soil is enhanced.
Research shows that the total amount of microorganisms in the wormcast even exceeds the amount of the microorganisms entering wormcast, the content of beneficial microorganisms in the wormcast is detected to be 2000 ten thousand per gram to 2 hundred million per gram, and the wormcast normally contains at least two antagonistic microorganisms, such as: streptomyces globisporus and streptomyces syringin which have a certain control effect on soil-borne fungal plant diseases; therefore, the wormcast is added into the soil to effectively prevent the diseases and insect pests and reduce the disease incidence of plants. Although wormcast has great benefits on soil, organic fertilizers on the market are mostly prepared by fermenting animal wastes such as chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure or adding microbial bacteria for auxiliary treatment, and the yield of pure organic fertilizers is very low, and most of the organic fertilizers are mainly used for producing organic-inorganic compound fertilizers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the wormcast organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, the wormcast organic fertilizer has the advantages of simple production process, sufficient raw materials, low price, stable fertilizer efficiency of the produced product, capability of acting on any plant and better yield increase effect compared with the existing organic fertilizer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the wormcast organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
35-50 parts of wormcast, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 10-25 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of vegetable cake, 8-10 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of raw rice hull and 2-5 parts of bone meal.
Further, the preparation method of the wormcast organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Step 1: fermenting wormcast: crushing and stirring the wormcast, and then sieving the wormcast with a 25-30-mesh sieve to obtain the wormcast with uniform granularity; adding earthworm cast into EM zymophyte liquid, stacking for 6 days, and fermenting to obtain earthworm cast fertilizer; wherein the weight ratio of the wormcast to the EM zymocyte liquid is 1: 0.2;
step 2: straw fermentation: cutting straws into 5cm small sections, stacking the small sections in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, 10 g/square meter of straw decomposition agent is scattered between each layer, the water content of the straws is controlled to be 65-70%, covering and stacking the straws with a plastic greenhouse film, sealing and fermenting for 50 days, and turning the straws once every 15 days in the sealing and fermenting process to finally obtain fermented straws;
And step 3: fermenting vegetable cakes: stacking vegetable cakes in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, spraying 50 ml/per square meter of EM (effective microorganisms) fermentation inoculum between each layer of vegetable cakes, controlling the water content in the vegetable cakes to be 50-60%, covering and stacking the vegetable cakes with a plastic greenhouse film, then carrying out closed fermentation for 50 days, and turning over the vegetable cakes once every 15 days in the closed fermentation process to finally obtain the fermented vegetable cakes;
and 4, step 4: fermenting raw rice hulls: drying raw rice hulls until the water content is below 8%, paving the rice hulls on the ground, enabling the rice hulls to be not more than 10cm thick, spraying bacillus subtilis with the concentration of 20 g/square meter and bacillus thuringiensis with the concentration of 25 g/square meter, controlling the water content in the raw rice hulls to be 43-47% after spraying, uniformly mixing, stacking for 6 days for fermentation, and enabling the stacking height to be 1 meter, so as to finally obtain fermented raw rice hulls;
And 5: re-fermenting the mixture: uniformly mixing 35-50 parts of the earthworm manure obtained in the step 1, 10-25 parts of the fermented straw obtained in the step 2, 10-20 parts of the fermented vegetable cake obtained in the step 3, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of mushroom residues and 2-5 parts of bone meal, piling and fermenting, wherein the humidity of the mixture is controlled to be 55-65% in the fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃, and after fermenting for 10 days, the temperature is raised to 60-65 ℃ to continue fermenting for four hours to obtain an organic fertilizer;
Step 6: and (3) granulating: and (5) granulating the organic fertilizer obtained in the step (5), and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer finished product.
further, in step 2, the moisture content of the straw is controlled to be 68%.
Further, in step 3, the water content in the vegetable cake is controlled to be 55%.
Further, in step 4, the moisture content in the raw rice hulls is controlled to be 45% during the fermentation of the raw rice hulls.
Further, the earthworm cast is earthworm cast obtained by uniformly mixing and fermenting 20-50 parts of soil containing rotten leaves, 15-30 parts of biogas residues, 8-15 parts of edible fungus residues, 6-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 3-10 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse according to the weight part ratio in the earthworm feeding process, and feeding earthworms with the earthworm feed, wherein the earthworms are sieved out every other week in the earthworm feeding process.
Further, the earthworm feed comprises the following components, by weight, 35 parts of sapropel soil, 20 parts of biogas residues, 10 parts of edible fungus residues, 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse.
further, the livestock manure is obtained by mixing pig manure and chicken manure, and the ratio of the livestock manure to the chicken manure is 1: 1.
further, the vegetable powder is potato powder, soybean powder and carrot powder in a ratio of 1:1: 1.
the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
The fertilizer comprises wormcast, cow dung, straws, vegetable cakes, mushroom residues, raw rice hulls and bone meal, wherein the wormcast is used as a main component of the fertilizer and is a main substrate of the fertilizer; cow dung, straws, vegetable cakes, raw rice hulls and mushroom residues are used as auxiliary components, so that rich nutrient substances are added to the fertilizer; meanwhile, the bone meal content is increased, certain mineral substances and protein can be provided, the mineral substance and protein content in the fertilizer is effectively increased, and a good nutrient medium can be provided for soil; and various substances are mixed after being fully fermented, so that secondary fermentation in the land can be avoided, and further, vegetation can be protected from root burning.
the fertilizer has stable fertilizer efficiency, can be applied to any plant, and has a certain disease prevention effect on the plant.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The wormcast organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35-50 parts of wormcast, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 10-25 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of vegetable cake, 8-10 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of raw rice hull and 2-5 parts of bone meal.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Step 1: fermenting wormcast: crushing and stirring the wormcast, and then sieving the wormcast with a 25-30-mesh sieve to obtain the wormcast with uniform granularity; adding earthworm cast into EM zymophyte liquid, stacking for 6 days, and fermenting to obtain earthworm cast fertilizer; wherein the weight ratio of the wormcast to the EM zymocyte liquid is 1: 0.2;
step 2: straw fermentation: cutting straws into 5cm small sections, stacking the small sections in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, 10 g/square meter of straw decomposition agent is scattered between each layer, the water content of the straws is controlled to be 65-70%, covering and stacking the straws with a plastic greenhouse film, sealing and fermenting for 50 days, and turning the straws once every 15 days in the sealing and fermenting process to finally obtain fermented straws;
And step 3: fermenting vegetable cakes: stacking vegetable cakes in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, spraying 50 ml/per square meter of EM (effective microorganisms) fermentation inoculum between each layer of vegetable cakes, controlling the water content in the vegetable cakes to be 50-60%, covering and stacking the vegetable cakes with a plastic greenhouse film, then carrying out closed fermentation for 50 days, and turning over the vegetable cakes once every 15 days in the closed fermentation process to finally obtain the fermented vegetable cakes;
And 4, step 4: fermenting raw rice hulls: drying raw rice hulls until the water content is below 8%, paving the rice hulls on the ground, enabling the rice hulls to be not more than 10cm thick, spraying bacillus subtilis with the concentration of 20 g/square meter and bacillus thuringiensis with the concentration of 25 g/square meter, controlling the water content in the raw rice hulls to be 43-47% after spraying, uniformly mixing, stacking for 6 days for fermentation, and enabling the stacking height to be 1 meter, so as to finally obtain fermented raw rice hulls;
And 5: re-fermenting the mixture: uniformly mixing 35-50 parts of the earthworm manure obtained in the step 1, 10-25 parts of the fermented straw obtained in the step 2, 10-20 parts of the fermented vegetable cake obtained in the step 3, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of mushroom residues and 2-5 parts of bone meal, piling and fermenting, wherein the humidity of the mixture is controlled to be 55-65% in the fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃, and after fermenting for 10 days, the temperature is raised to 60-65 ℃ to continue fermenting for four hours to obtain an organic fertilizer;
Step 6: and (3) granulating: and (5) granulating the organic fertilizer obtained in the step (5), and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer finished product.
In the invention, preferably, in the step 2, the water content of the straw is controlled to be 68%.
in the invention, preferably, in the step 3, the water content in the vegetable cake is controlled to be 55%.
In the invention, preferably, in the step 4, the moisture content in the raw rice hulls is controlled to be 45% during the fermentation of the raw rice hulls.
in the invention, the earthworm cast is prepared by uniformly mixing and fermenting 20-50 parts of soil containing rotten leaves, 15-30 parts of biogas residues, 8-15 parts of edible fungus residues, 6-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 3-10 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse according to the weight part ratio in the earthworm feeding process, and feeding earthworms with the earthworm feed, wherein the earthworm manure is obtained by sieving the earthworms every other week in the earthworm feeding process.
In the invention, preferably, the earthworm feed comprises the following components, by weight, 35 parts of sapropel soil, 20 parts of biogas residues, 10 parts of edible fungus residues, 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse.
in the invention, preferably, the livestock manure is obtained by mixing pig manure and chicken manure, and the ratio of the pig manure to the chicken manure is 1: 1.
In the invention, the vegetable powder is preferably potato powder, soybean powder and carrot powder in a ratio of 1:1: 1.
TABLE 1 tables for parts by weight of each component in each example
the finished organic fertilizers of examples 1-8 were used for experimental comparison with the existing organic fertilizers:
Ten treatment areas are arranged in the planting shed, the number is 1-10, the area of each treatment area is 500 square meters (the length is 50 meters, the width is 10 meters), and an isolation strip (the length is 50 meters, the width is 0.8 meter) is arranged between every two adjacent treatment areas, wherein no fertilizer is applied to the treatment area 1, commercially available organic fertilizer is applied to the treatment area 2, finished organic fertilizers of examples 1-8 are respectively applied to the treatment areas 8-10, and the treatment areas 2-10 are all applied according to the amount of three kilograms per square meter, so that the results are shown in table 2, all fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, and other field management measures are completely consistent. Each treatment area is uniformly divided into three parts, wherein the areas of the treatment areas are 100 square meters (length is 10 meters and width is 10 meters), 200 square meters (length is 40 meters and width is 5 meters) and 200 square meters (length is 40 meters and width is 5 meters), tomato, watermelon and melon varieties are respectively selected, wherein the tomato is planted for 100 square meters, and the watermelon and the melon are respectively planted for 200 square meters.
TABLE 2 comparison of yield increase, disease resistance and sugar content improvement of crops by different organic fertilizers
The experimental data in table 2 show that the yield of vegetables and fruits is obviously improved by applying the fertilizer finished product of the invention, the yield improvement effect after the fertilizer is used is far better than that after the organic fertilizer in the existing market is used, and the sugar content of fruits is also obviously increased;
compared with the treatment area 2, the treatment area 1 has no reduction in the number of the disease plants in the treatment area 2, so that the existing organic fertilizer has no disease resistance; the treatment areas 3-10 are compared with the treatment areas 1-2, the number of the disease plants is reduced, the number of the reduced plants is different from 1-7 as can be seen from the data in the table, and the reduction rate is 7.7% -41.2%, so that the organic fertilizer added with the earthworm feces has certain disease resistance after the organic fertilizer is applied compared with the experimental data of the non-applied organic fertilizer and the commercial organic fertilizer in the experimental data of the examples 1-8.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The wormcast organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass:
35-50 parts of wormcast, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 10-25 parts of straw, 10-20 parts of vegetable cake, 8-10 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of raw rice hull and 2-5 parts of bone meal.
2. The wormcast organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wormcast organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components: the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Step 1: fermenting wormcast: crushing and stirring the wormcast, and then sieving the wormcast with a 25-30-mesh sieve to obtain the wormcast with uniform granularity; adding earthworm cast into EM zymophyte liquid, stacking for 6 days, and fermenting to obtain earthworm cast fertilizer; wherein the weight ratio of the wormcast to the EM zymocyte liquid is 1: 0.2;
step 2: straw fermentation: cutting straws into 5cm small sections, stacking the small sections in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, 10 g/square meter of straw decomposition agent is scattered between each layer, the water content of the straws is controlled to be 65-70%, covering and stacking the straws with a plastic greenhouse film, sealing and fermenting for 50 days, and turning the straws once every 15 days in the sealing and fermenting process to finally obtain fermented straws;
And step 3: fermenting vegetable cakes: stacking vegetable cakes in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, the total stacking height is 0.7 m, spraying 50 ml/per square meter of EM (effective microorganisms) fermentation inoculum between each layer of vegetable cakes, controlling the water content in the vegetable cakes to be 50-60%, covering and stacking the vegetable cakes with a plastic greenhouse film, then carrying out closed fermentation for 50 days, and turning over the vegetable cakes once every 15 days in the closed fermentation process to finally obtain the fermented vegetable cakes;
and 4, step 4: fermenting raw rice hulls: drying raw rice hulls until the water content is below 8%, paving the rice hulls on the ground, enabling the rice hulls to be not more than 10cm thick, spraying bacillus subtilis with the concentration of 20 g/square meter and bacillus thuringiensis with the concentration of 25 g/square meter, controlling the water content in the raw rice hulls to be 43-47% after spraying, uniformly mixing, stacking for 6 days for fermentation, and enabling the stacking height to be 1 meter, so as to finally obtain fermented raw rice hulls;
and 5: re-fermenting the mixture: uniformly mixing 35-50 parts of the earthworm manure obtained in the step 1, 10-25 parts of the fermented straw obtained in the step 2, 10-20 parts of the fermented vegetable cake obtained in the step 3, 15-30 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of mushroom residues and 2-5 parts of bone meal, piling and fermenting, wherein the humidity of the mixture is controlled to be 55-65% in the fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃, and after fermenting for 10 days, the temperature is raised to 60-65 ℃ to continue fermenting for four hours to obtain an organic fertilizer;
Step 6: and (3) granulating: and (5) granulating the organic fertilizer obtained in the step (5), and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer finished product.
3. The wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2, the water content of the straw is controlled to be 68 percent.
4. The wormcast organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wormcast organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components: in step 3, the water content in the vegetable cake is controlled to be 55 percent.
5. the wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 4, the moisture content in the raw rice hulls is controlled to be 45% during the fermentation of the raw rice hulls.
6. the wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wormcast organic fertilizer comprises the following components: the earthworm cast is prepared by uniformly mixing 20-50 parts of soil containing rotten leaves, 15-30 parts of biogas residues, 8-15 parts of edible fungus residues, 6-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 3-10 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse according to the weight part ratio in the earthworm feeding process, fermenting to obtain earthworm feed, feeding earthworms with the earthworm feed, and screening the earthworms every other week in the earthworm feeding process to obtain the earthworm cast.
7. the wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the earthworm feed comprises the following components, by weight, 35 parts of sapropel soil, 20 parts of biogas residues, 10 parts of edible fungus residues, 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6 parts of plant straws, 6 parts of vegetable powder, 3 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of sugar residues and 2 parts of vinasse.
8. the wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the livestock and poultry manure is obtained by mixing pig manure and chicken manure, and the ratio of the pig manure to the chicken manure is 1: 1.
9. The wormcast organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the vegetable powder comprises potato powder, soybean powder and carrot powder in a ratio of 1:1: 1.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111960890A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 益阳市富立来生物科技有限公司 | Wormcast organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112341289A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-09 | 湖北问心农业科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich microbial organic fertilizer special for grapes and preparation method thereof |
| CN113099988A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Shrimp, rice and lotus root combined ecological planting and breeding method |
| CN113399425A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 江苏汇龙水务集团有限公司 | Method for jointly treating municipal sludge and rural organic waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111960890A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 益阳市富立来生物科技有限公司 | Wormcast organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112341289A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-09 | 湖北问心农业科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich microbial organic fertilizer special for grapes and preparation method thereof |
| CN113099988A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Shrimp, rice and lotus root combined ecological planting and breeding method |
| CN113399425A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 江苏汇龙水务集团有限公司 | Method for jointly treating municipal sludge and rural organic waste |
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Application publication date: 20191213 |