CN105284570B - Tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284570B CN105284570B CN201510819769.0A CN201510819769A CN105284570B CN 105284570 B CN105284570 B CN 105284570B CN 201510819769 A CN201510819769 A CN 201510819769A CN 105284570 B CN105284570 B CN 105284570B
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- cassava stalk
- sugarcane top
- decomposed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tomato seedling substrates prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and preparation method thereof, include according to volume ratio：Sugarcane top：Cassava stalk=1：1‑6；Including：The crushing of cassava stalk, the crushing of decomposed, the decomposed cassava stalk of cassava stalk and sieving, the chopping of sugarcane top, sugarcane top it is decomposed.Tomato seedling substrate physicochemical property prepared by the present invention reaches preferable matrix requirement, nutrient enriches, and electrical conductivity is higher, meets tomato seedling substrate requirement, nursery effect is better than turf, nursery coconut palm chaff, and the pure cassava stalk seedling medium for solving the problems, such as document report comes off.Tomato seedling substrate is prepared with decomposed cassava stalk and decomposed sugarcane top, component is few, simple for process, easy to operation, popularization；It is raw materials used abundant to prepare tomato seedling substrate；Raw materials used cassava stalk, sugarcane top belong to agricultural wastes, by agricultural wastes recycling, reduce environmental pollution；Add cassava, the economic benefit of cane planting industry simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation technique without soil fields more particularly to a kind of tomato prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top to educate
Seedling matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tomato is Solanaceae category herbaceous plant, and it is suitable to be divided into determinate growth, half determinate growth and one dimensional infinite wall, condition
It can perennation.Tamato fruit is full of nutrition, and flavor is special, has edible value and medical value, deep to be favored by people.Tomato
There is plantation throughout the country, it has also become one of greenhouse main vegetables crop and the Main Cultivation crop of winter-spring season.With
The development of agricultural cience and farming techniques, to extend the season of growth in production, is raised the multiple-cropping index, the plantation of tomato is mostly with culturing and transplanting seedlings
Based on.Tomato seedling is the important step of tomato industry, be improve tomato growth and improve tomato yield, one of quality it is important
It ensures.Therefore, high-quality seedling medium is found to have important practical significance to the sustainable development of tomato industry.Existing shaping tomato
Seedling medium resource is limited, and seedling cost is high：1. in existing commercial general seedling medium, careless (mud) charcoal is that nursery industry is used
It is more, be also proved to be the best seedling medium of nursery effect, but since turf is non-renewable resources, limits throughput, region
It is unevenly distributed, long-distance transport necessarily causes cost to increase；In addition, turf, which is wetland, lays special stress on protecting resource, forbid to exploit, turf
The principal status of public economy as seedling medium will progressively be desalinated；2. coconut palm chaff is to be proved to be the general nursery that nursery effect is only second to turf
Matrix is widely used in the nursery such as fruits and vegetables.Although coconut palm chaff is renewable resource, total output is very limited, and domestic
Only originate in southern area, therefore coconut palm chaff nursery also encounters that raw material is in short supply and the long-distance transport increased challenge of cost.It is in view of careless
(mud) charcoal, coconut palm chaff resource scarcity and it is of high cost the problems such as, find careless (mud) charcoal, coconut palm chaff substituted type tomato seedling substrate become for kind
The problem of eggplant industry urgent need to resolve.The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201301100623.1 discloses a kind of Tomato Plug and educates
Seedling matrix and preparation method, raw material components are peat, wormcast compost, dilatancy gardening vermiculite, the volume ratio of perlite are
15-25%:55-65%:5-15%:5-15；The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201310009020.0 discloses a kind of kind
Eggplant seedling medium and preparation method thereof, raw material components are peat, wormcast compost, the volume ratio of dilatancy gardening vermiculite are 5-
15%:55-65%:25-35%；The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201010136451.X discloses a kind of tomato seedling base
Matter and preparation method thereof, raw material components are that the volume ratio of vegetables stubble compost product, turf and vermiculite is 4-6:2-3:2-3；
The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201410233843.6 discloses tomato seedling substrate, and raw material components percent by volume is
Maize straw 30-50%, cow dung 15-30%, turf 10-20%, vermiculite 10-30% and a small amount of water-retaining agent；By existing new
Although the raw material components of type tomato seedling substrate as it can be seen that make use of the solids such as feces of livestock and poultry, crop material to give up to a certain extent
Gurry strengthens the recycling of solid waste, but peat still accounts for sizable ratio in component, can not fundamentally delay
Subtract the mud and charcoal impetus in short supply, and traditional matrices component vermiculite, perlite proportion are still quite high, materials are not easy.Therefore,
Find abundant raw material, be easy to get, new tomato seedling substrate that is inexpensive and can substituting mud (grass) charcoal completely as far as possible is with very heavy
The realistic meaning wanted.Cassava, sugarcane are China torrid zone staple crops, and cultivated area is big.Substantial amounts of cassava after cassava, harvesting sugarcane
Stalk and sugarcane top are arbitrarily thrown away in field, if processing can influence farming not in time.At present, cassava stalk and sugarcane top
To burn, this not only causes the significant wastage of stalk resource, also results in environmental pollution main processing ways.Therefore, a kind of environment
Friendly handles cassava stalk and the mode of sugarcane top is extremely urgent.Cassava stalk and sugarcane top is light, nutrient enriches, possesses work
It is for the potentiality of matrix, cassava stalk and sugarcane top is matrixing using without suspected of a kind of environmentally friendly Land use systems.With decomposed
Cassava stalk, which prepares seedling medium and has related patents, to be related to, and the Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201310094647.0 discloses
Chinese fir culture matrix is prepared using cassava stalk, which is 4-5 parts of stack retting cassava stalk, 5-6 parts of stack retting fir hull,
Middle stack retting cassava stalk component is：100 parts of Cassava stalk powder, 100 parts of chicken manure, 0.1 part of tapioca starch, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, hydrated lime in powder
0.02 part of 0.05 part, ferment microbial inoculum composition；Stack retting fir hull powder base-material is by 100 parts of fir hull powder, 2 parts of urea, hydrated lime in powder
0.02 part, 95% hymexazol wettable powder, 0.01 part of composition.The patent matrix nutrient relative deficiency, manufacturing process are relatively multiple
Miscellaneous, matrix components are more, and cultivate seedling and still need top dressing in the process.Though preparing seedling medium with decomposed cassava stalk has correlation
Document (Li Guangyi, Hou Xianwen, Zou Yukun, Li Qinfen cassava stalk substrate seedling effect disquisition agro-environment science journals,
2014,33(3):478-483.) report, but the document is reported only using pure cassava stalk as seedling medium, due to cassava stalk
Porosity is excessive, by seedling from cave seed plate transplant when, cassava stalk matrix seedlings root it is attached deficiency and it is easy to fall off, influence children
Shoot survival percent；And tomato seedling effect still has certain gap compared to turf, nursery coconut palm chaff.Seedling medium is prepared not yet with sugarcane top
See pertinent literature, patent report.Tomato genus salt-resistant type plant, the requirement to salinity and nutrient is higher, this distinctive category of tomato
Property requires tomato seedling substrate that need to possess abundant nutrient and higher electrical conductivity.Decomposed cassava stalk and decomposed sugarcane top are supported
Divide and enrich, electrical conductivity possesses the potentiality as high-quality tomato seedling substrate close to 3000us/cm.In addition, cassava stalk and sugarcane
The food value of leaf is light, possesses the physical characteristic as seedling medium.
Matrix comes off when existing tomato seedling substrate is transplanted seedlings there are pure cassava stalk nursery, be easy to cause environmental pollution,
Nutritional ingredient is not enriched, the relatively low problem of seedling percent.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and its preparations
Method, it is intended to solve matrix when existing tomato seedling substrate is transplanted seedlings there are pure cassava stalk nursery and come off, be easy to cause environment
Pollution, nutritional ingredient are not enriched, the relatively low problem of seedling percent.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top, described with wood
Tomato seedling substrate prepared by potato stalk and sugarcane top includes according to volume ratio：Sugarcane top：Cassava stalk=1：1-6.
Further, the sugarcane top grain size is 0-5mm, and cassava stalk grain size is less than 1mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of the tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top
Preparation Method, the preparation method of the tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the crushing of cassava stalk is in heaps by cassava stalk disintegrating to 0.5-1cm, for use；
Step 2, cassava stalk it is decomposed, into the cassava stalk of crushing add nitrogen adjust C/N=30, it is in heaps；Add water tune
Section material moisture be 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap
Body moisture, it is ensured that heap body moisture content is 60%-65%；
Step 3, the crushing and sieving of decomposed cassava stalk after decomposed cassava stalk disintegrating, are crossed aperture and are sieved for 1mm, i.e.,
Obtain the cassava stalk that grain size is 0-1mm；
Step 4, the chopping of sugarcane top shred sugarcane top to 5-10cm long, in heaps, spare；
Step 5, sugarcane top it is decomposed, add nitrogen adjust C/N=25, it is in heaps；It is 60%-65% that water is added, which to adjust material moisture,
Plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap body moisture, it is ensured that heap body moisture content
For 60%-65%；
Decomposed sugarcane top crushed 5mm sieves by step 6, decomposed sugarcane top sieving；
Sugarcane top and cassava stalk of the grain size less than 1mm that grain size is 0-5mm are pressed volume by step 7, the preparation of matrix
Than 1:1-6 is mixed, and mixing can be prepared into tomato seedling substrate.
Further, the nitrogen is chicken manure or urea.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capsicum using the seedling medium.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of eggplant using the seedling medium.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cucumber using the seedling medium.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of balsam pear using the seedling medium.
Tomato seedling substrate provided by the invention prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and preparation method thereof, with decomposed wood
Tomato seedling substrate prepared by potato stalk and decomposed sugarcane top, tomato seedling effect is good, solves pure cassava stalk nursery and transplants seedlings
Shi Jizhi comes off problem；Cassava stalk and sugarcane top with environmentally friendly Land use systems are utilized simultaneously, avoid environmental pollution,
Cassava, the added value of cane planting industry can also be improved.The crushing of the cassava stalk of the present invention will be crushed into root cassava stalk, so as to
Accelerate compost maturity speed；Cassava stalk it is decomposed, prevent not decomposed cassava stalk secondary fermentation in seedling raising process, cause to burn
Seedling；Meanwhile cassava stalk can be crushed further in digest process, accelerate nutrients release；The crushing of decomposed cassava stalk and mistake
Large-sized cassava stalk disintegrating is extremely prepared the grain size required by tomato matrix by sieve, to prepare tomato seedling substrate stock；It is sweet
Sugarcane top ventilation gap is reduced in the chopping of sugarcane leaf, so as to compost water conservation, heating, accelerates decomposed；The decomposed of sugarcane top prevents not corruption
Ripe sugarcane top secondary fermentation in seedling raising process, causes burn seedlings；Meanwhile sugarcane top can be crushed further in digest process, be added
Fast nutrients release.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it has the advantage that：
(1) the tomato seedling substrate physicochemical property for preparing of the present invention reaches preferable matrix requirement, and nutrient enriches, electrical conductivity compared with
Height meets tomato seedling substrate requirement, and nursery effect is better than careless (mud) charcoal, nursery coconut palm chaff, and solves the pure wood of document report
Potato stalk seedling medium comes off problem.
(2) tomato seedling substrate is prepared with decomposed cassava stalk and decomposed sugarcane top, component is few, simple for process, convenient for behaviour
Make, promote.
(3) it is raw materials used abundant to prepare tomato seedling substrate for this method；Raw materials used cassava stalk, sugarcane top belong to agricultural
Discarded object by agricultural wastes recycling, reduces environmental pollution；Add cassava, the economy of cane planting industry simultaneously
Benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the tomato seedling substrate preparation method stream provided in an embodiment of the present invention prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top
Cheng Tu.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the present invention using tomato seedling substrate specific formula prepared by cassava stalk and sugarcane top as：Grain size is 0-
1 part of the decomposed sugarcane top of 5mm, grain size are less than decomposed cassava stalk 1-6 parts (volume ratios) of 1mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the tomato seedling substrate preparation method prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top of the embodiment of the present invention
Comprise the following steps：
S101：The crushing of cassava stalk, it is in heaps by cassava stalk disintegrating to 0.5-1cm, for use；
S102：Decomposed, addition nitrogen (chicken manure or urea etc.) the adjusting C/N=into the cassava stalk of crushing of cassava stalk
30, it is in heaps；Water is added to adjust material moisture as 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days
Once, timely monitor heap body moisture, it is ensured that heap body moisture content is 60%-65%；
S103：The crushing and sieving of decomposed cassava stalk, after decomposed cassava stalk disintegrating, cross aperture for 1mm sieve to get
Grain size is the cassava stalk of 0-1mm；
S104：The chopping of sugarcane top shreds sugarcane top to 5-10cm long, in heaps, spare；
S105：Sugarcane top it is decomposed, add nitrogen (chicken manure or urea etc.) adjust C/N=25, it is in heaps；Water is added to adjust material moisture
For 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap body moisture, really
It is 60%-65% to protect heap body moisture content；
S106：Decomposed sugarcane top crushed 5mm sieves by decomposed sugarcane top sieving；
S107：Sugarcane top and grain size that grain size is 0-5mm are less than the cassava stalk of 1mm by volume by the preparation of matrix
1:1-6 is mixed, and mixing can be prepared into tomato seedling substrate.
The seedling medium can be additionally used in the common fruits and vegetables nursery such as capsicum, eggplant, cucumber, balsam pear.
Specifically including for the present invention is as follows：
Step 1, the crushing of cassava stalk is in heaps by cassava stalk disintegrating to 0.5-1cm, for use.The effect of the step
It is that will be crushed into root cassava stalk, to accelerate compost maturity speed.
Step 2, decomposed, addition nitrogen (chicken manure or urea etc.) the adjusting C/N=into the cassava stalk of crushing of cassava stalk
30, it is in heaps；Water is added to adjust material moisture as 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days
Once, timely monitor heap body moisture, it is ensured that heap body moisture content is 60%-65%.It is processed as, material 40 days can be decomposed.The step
Rapid effect is to prevent not decomposed cassava stalk secondary fermentation in seedling raising process, causes burn seedlings；Meanwhile cassava stalk is decomposed
It can further crush in the process, accelerate nutrients release.
Step 3, the crushing and sieving of decomposed cassava stalk after decomposed cassava stalk disintegrating, are crossed aperture and are sieved for 1mm, i.e.,
Obtain the cassava stalk that grain size is 0-1mm.The effect of the step is to preparing tomato seedling base by large-sized cassava stalk disintegrating
Grain size required by matter, to prepare tomato seedling substrate stock.
Step 4, the chopping of sugarcane top shred sugarcane top to 5-10cm long, in heaps, spare.The effect of the step is contracting
Small sugarcane top ventilation gap, so as to compost water conservation, heating, accelerates decomposed.
Step 5, sugarcane top it is decomposed, add nitrogen (chicken manure or urea etc.) adjust C/N=25, it is in heaps；Water is added to adjust material water
It is divided into 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap body moisture,
It is 60%-65% to ensure heap body moisture content.It is processed as, material 60 days is decomposed.The effect of the step is to prevent not decomposed sugarcane
Leaf secondary fermentation in seedling raising process, causes burn seedlings；Meanwhile sugarcane top can be crushed further in digest process, accelerate nutrient
Release.
Decomposed sugarcane top crushed 5mm sieves by step 6, decomposed sugarcane top sieving.The effect of the step is by big grain size
Sugarcane top meal be broken to the grain size prepared required by tomato seedling substrate, for prepare tomato seedling substrate stock.
Sugarcane top and cassava stalk of the grain size less than 1mm that grain size is 0-5mm are pressed volume by step 7, the preparation of matrix
Than 1:1-6 is mixed, and mixing can be prepared into tomato seedling substrate.The basic physical and chemical of tomato seedling substrate prepared by this method
Such as table 1, table 2.
The physical property of 1 tomato seedling substrate of table
The chemical property of 2 tomato seedling substrate of table
The application effect of the present invention is further described by following embodiment.
Example 1：By decomposed sugarcane top that grain size is 0-5mm and the cassava stalk by volume 1 less than 1mm:1 mixing, is mixed
It is even；
Example 2：By decomposed sugarcane top that grain size is 0-5mm and the cassava stalk by volume 1 less than 1mm:6 mixing, are mixed
It is even；
The basic physical and chemical of tomato seedling substrate prepared by example 1, example 2 is shown in Table 3, table 4.
3 example 1 of table, the physical property of 2 tomato seedling substrate of example
| Matrix formulations | Dry density g/ml | Wet density/(g/ml) | Total porosity/% | Ventilate gap/% | Water holding hole/% | Gas-water ratio |
| Example 1 | 0.278 | 0.967 | 73.8 | 19.6 | 54.2 | 1:2.77 |
| Example 2 | 0.301 | 1.116 | 86.2 | 20.1 | 66.1 | 1:3.29 |
| Preferable matrix | 0.1~0.8 | - | 70~90 | - | - | 1:2~4 |
4 example 1 of table, the chemical property of 2 tomato seedling substrate of example
By cassava stalk-sugarcane top composite interstitial substance in example for tomato (the green super headliner of friend) nursery, with turf,
Nursery coconut palm chaff, turf:River sand=1:1 is compares, hole plate seedling growth result such as table 5.By table 5 as it can be seen that tomato prepared by the present invention
For seedling medium to the nursery effect of tomato better than control, seedling medium prepared by the present invention can be used as the special seedling medium of tomato.
5 tomato seedling substrate of table is to the nursery effect (21 days seedlings) of tomato
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top, which is characterized in that described with cassava stalk and sweet
Tomato seedling substrate prepared by sugarcane leaf includes according to volume ratio：Sugarcane top：Cassava stalk=1：1-6；
The sugarcane top grain size is 0-5mm, and cassava stalk grain size is less than 1mm；
The preparation method of the tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the crushing of cassava stalk is in heaps by cassava stalk disintegrating to 0.5-1cm, for use；
Step 2, cassava stalk it is decomposed, into the cassava stalk of crushing add nitrogen adjust C/N=30, it is in heaps；Add water instrumentality
Material moisture be 60%-65%, plastic covering film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap body water
Point, it is ensured that heap body moisture is 60%-65%；
Step 3, the crushing and sieving of decomposed cassava stalk after decomposed cassava stalk disintegrating, are crossed aperture and are sieved for 1mm to get grain
Footpath is less than the cassava stalk of 1mm；
Step 4, the chopping of sugarcane top shred sugarcane top to 5-10cm long, in heaps, spare；
Step 5, sugarcane top it is decomposed, add nitrogen adjust C/N=25, it is in heaps；It is 60%-65% that water is added, which to adjust material moisture, is covered
Plastic film；During material fermentation, every turning in 10 days once, timely monitor heap body moisture, it is ensured that heap body moisture is 60%-
65%；
Decomposed sugarcane top crushed 5mm sieves by step 6, decomposed sugarcane top sieving；
Step 7, the preparation of matrix, by the cassava stalk of sugarcane top and grain size less than 1mm that grain size is 0-5mm by volume 1:
1-6 is mixed, and mixing can be prepared into tomato seedling substrate.
2. tomato seedling substrate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen is chicken manure or urea.
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| CN201510819769.0A CN105284570B (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Tomato seedling substrate prepared with cassava stalk and sugarcane top and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109964786A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-05 | 滨州职业学院 | The production method of the full nutrition fermentation compression cultivation matrix of beach saline land circular biological |
| CN113812327B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-06-02 | 江西芳芽农业发展有限公司 | Vegetable seedling substrate based on waste utilization and preparation method thereof |
| CN114651699A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-24 | 四川省亿尚农业旅游开发有限公司 | Method for preparing flower culture medium by using stems and leaves of fruit mulberry as main raw materials |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743865A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-23 | 河南科技大学 | Medium for tomato plug seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN101889533A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | Artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation |
| CN102276332A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Seedling culturing medium with cassava dregs as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
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2015
- 2015-11-23 CN CN201510819769.0A patent/CN105284570B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743865A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-23 | 河南科技大学 | Medium for tomato plug seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN102276332A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Seedling culturing medium with cassava dregs as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN101889533A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | Artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation |
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| Title |
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| "广西主要作物秸秆腐解特征研究";罗文丽;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》;20150115(第1期);正文第49～52页 * |
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