CN105272414A - Method for producing light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues - Google Patents
Method for producing light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272414A CN105272414A CN201510701349.2A CN201510701349A CN105272414A CN 105272414 A CN105272414 A CN 105272414A CN 201510701349 A CN201510701349 A CN 201510701349A CN 105272414 A CN105272414 A CN 105272414A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues (livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, edible fungus bags, sawdust and the like) used as raw materials through steps of dry-wet separation, debagging, crushing, mixed aerobic fermentation and the like. The method is low in cost, convenient to use and suitable for long-term and long-distance transportation, the raw materials are wide in source, and the produced light medium contains no live germs, worm eggs or harmful substances, has suitable nutrients and is loose, breathable and more beneficial to growth and development of seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Light medium, be specifically related to a kind of method of producing Light medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material.
Background technology
Light media is through spontaneous fermentation or carbonizes the gently mixture that forms of body mineral substance such as the agriculture and forestry organic waste material that process and the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite etc., relative to traditional seedling medium its with light for principal feature, have other characteristics of matrix concurrently, be now widely used in the industries such as agricultural cultivation production, forest container nursery.Along with Modern Agriculture forestry, the developing rapidly of city wall greening, and the applying of non-soil culture technology, the demand of people to seedling medium is increasing.
Conventional matrix in bulk exists that volume is large, transportation cost is high, product use range is little, can not directly use, and needs to coordinate other matrix, adds the problem such as nutrient and adjustment acidity during use.In recent years, the development of compression-type grow seedling nutritional matrix is arisen at the historic moment, it is by the complicated operating process such as matrix preparation, acidity adjustment, interpolation nutrient in traditional seedling raising process, is cured as the block nutritive cube of compression or nutrition pot, user need not prepares matrix voluntarily by industrialization means.Transport and using easily, only need load basin alms bowl, moisturizing by nutritive cube when user uses, can be loose, then sows, cuttage or move into seedling, can rudiment in alms bowl body, root of hair, growth.
In use there is following shortcoming in compression-type seedling culture substrate pot in the market: 1) production process mainly manual operation and simple mechanical workout, and loose alms bowl, broken alms bowl phenomenon are serious, unstable product quality; 2) compressed substrate alms bowl main raw material is peat, belongs to Nonrenewable resources, and peat ratio is generally more than 80%, and not only market value raises day by day, and excessive exploitation must cause the exhaustion of resource; 3) production technique falls behind, and industrial scale is little, and output is not high, and labour intensity is large, and product cost is high, agriculture and forestry organic waste material low conversion rate.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of method of producing Light medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material, the method raw material sources are extensive, production efficiency is high, and the seedling medium nursery effect of preparation is good.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
When not having specified otherwise, ratio of the present invention is mass percent.
Produce a method for seedling medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise separating dry space from moist space, de-bag is pulverized and mixes aerobe fermentation; It is characterized in that:
Described separating dry space from moist space, for dewater to agriculture and forestry organic waste material, makes its moisture content control 60 ~ 70%; Described agriculture and forestry organic waste material is feces of livestock and poultry;
The plastics bacterium bag for removing edible mushrooms bag pulverized by described de-bag, is then ground into the bacterium slag that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm;
The described aerobe fermentation that mixes is that bacterium slag after the feces of livestock and poultry after separating dry space from moist space and de-bag being pulverized mixes by 2 ~ 3:1 (mass ratio), then the zymophyte of 1.0-2.0% is added, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 58 ~ 62 DEG C, stirred once every 1 ~ 2 day; When heap temperature drops to 48 ~ 52 DEG C, stirred once every 4 ~ 5 days, the fermentation ends when heap temperature drops to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, room temperature airing makes its moisture content≤15%.
The present invention with agriculture and forestry organic waste material (feces of livestock and poultry, crop material, edible mushrooms bag, wood chip etc.) for raw material, pulverize and mix the steps such as aerobe fermentation obtain Light medium by separating dry space from moist space, de-bag, solve the fugitive alms bowl in prior art existing for compact type substrate alms bowl technology, broken alms bowl and product main raw material-peat is non-renewable, cost is higher technical problem, achieving when solving the ecological environment problem of difficult agricultural waste treatment simultaneously, also promoting the effect of the industry development of recycling waste.
Above-mentioned feces of livestock and poultry is selected from any one or a few combination in cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement etc.
Above-mentioned edible mushrooms bag is ramulus mori bacterium bag (the bacterium bag made after namely utilizing mulberry branch to pulverize), also can adopt other material, as the bacterium bag that wood sawdust, chaff shell, stalk etc. are made.
Above-mentioned zymophyte is comprise the flora that thermophilic heat-resisting cellulomonas cartae, genus bacillus etc. have decomposition of cellulose and protein function.
Specifically,
Produce a method for seedling medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise the steps:
S1) separating dry space from moist space: utilize separating dry space from moist space machine, dewater to feces of livestock and poultry, makes its moisture content control 60 ~ 70%;
S2) de-bag is pulverized: utilize de-bag pulverizer to remove the plastics bacterium bag of edible mushrooms bag, be then ground into the bacterium slag that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm;
S3) mix aerobe fermentation: by S1) in feces of livestock and poultry after separating dry space from moist space and S2) in de-bag pulverize after bacterium slag mix in the ratio of 2 ~ 3:1, add the zymophyte of 1.0 ~ 2.0% again, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, stirred once every 1 ~ 2 day; When heap temperature drops to 50 DEG C, stirred once every 4 ~ 5 days, when heap temperature drops to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, represent and become thoroughly decomposed, always need 20 ~ 25 days, room temperature airing makes its moisture content≤15%;
S4) briquetting: utilize briquetting press, by S3) obtained mixed-matrix, be compressed into the brick-shaped matrix of 20 × 10 × 5cm;
S5) pack: utilize wrapping machine, by S4) obtained brick-shaped matrix carries out mechanical automation packaging.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, quality product is high, steady quality.The Light media that the present invention produces is not containing the germ lived, worm's ovum, objectionable impurities, and soda acid appropriateness, water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability are strong, and loose ventilative, be more conducive to growing of seedling, cultivation effect is better than the conventional cultivation matrix such as perlite.By this explained hereafter, main quality parameters can realize automatic control, constant product quality.
2, transport, easy to use.The seedling medium that the present invention produces, by mechanical-moulded, not only concentrated volume, and also packed and transported is convenient, and one time traffic capacity is large.Because starting material become thoroughly decomposed through microbial decomposition, correlated quality parameter has reached seedling medium requirement, only needs simple mechanical treatment or water water treatment directly to use during use, uses very convenient.
3, with low cost.The raw material feces of livestock and poultry produced by the present invention and discarded edible fungi bag belong to agriculture and forestry organic waste material; wide material sources; easy acquisition, the more expensive and peat that resource reduces day by day of the traditional price of Some substitute, has adapted to the actual demand of crop seedling low cost, Labor-saving, large-scale production.And after realizing standardized production, production efficiency is high, transportation cost is low, and comprehensive use cost is cheap.
4, waste utilization rate is high.Due to standardized production technique, the seedling medium Product transport of producing, easy to use, with low cost, product use range will increase considerably, and consumption will significantly promote, and waste demand is large, and utilization ratio is high.
5, environmental protection.Produce without the three wastes in production process of the present invention, environment is not polluted; The Light media main component of producing be organic matter, and entering after soil can natural degradation, can realize the sustainable use of soil, activating soil.
6, with the present invention produce Light media as Forest Seedlings nursery such as mulberry treies time, its production efficiency has exceeded the conventional substrate such as perlite.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
It should be noted that, following examples are only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Production raw material is cow dung and edible mushrooms bag.Production technique is as follows: S1) separating dry space from moist space: get 3 tons of fresh cow dungs, utilize separating dry space from moist space machine, cow dung is dewatered, make its moisture content control at 60-70%; S2) de-bag is pulverized: get 1 ton of fresh edible mushrooms bag, utilizes de-bag pulverizer to remove the plastics bacterium bag of edible mushrooms bag, then pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 3 ~ 5mm; S3) mixed fermentation: by S1) in cow dung after separating dry space from moist space and S2) in de-bag pulverize after the mixing of bacterium slag, add 40kg biological inoculum (" the three torch Lik-Sang units " microbial-bacterial fertilizer adopting Zhangzhou, Fujian three torch bio tech ltd to produce) again, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, stirred once every 1-2 days; When heap temperature drops to 50 DEG C, stirred once every 4-5 days, when heap temperature drops to envrionment temperature (20-30 DEG C), represent and become thoroughly decomposed, always need 20 ~ 25 days, room temperature airing makes its moisture content lower than 15%; S4) briquetting: utilize briquetting press, by S3) obtained mixed-matrix, be compressed into the brick-shaped matrix of 20 × 10 × 5cm; S5) pack: utilize wrapping machine, by S4) obtained brick-shaped matrix carries out machine automatization packaging.
Get shaping Light media block 20 pieces, be placed in the husky bed in greenhouse.To the appropriate trickle of substrate block, make it naturally loose, then spread out and be laid in husky bed, keep 20cm thickness.Mulberry tree (excellent No. 12 of kind: Gui Sang) seed uniform broadcasting on Light media, and is carried out daily administration.Mulberry tree percentage of germination and growth indexes are measured (growing 5 months), the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Production raw material is chicken manure and edible mushrooms bag.Production technique is as follows: S1) separating dry space from moist space: get 2 tons of freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, utilize separating dry space from moist space machine, chicken manure is dewatered, make its moisture content reach 60-70%; S2) de-bag is pulverized: get 1 ton of fresh edible mushrooms bag, utilizes de-bag pulverizer to remove the plastics bacterium bag of edible mushrooms bag, then pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 3 ~ 5mm; S3) mixed fermentation: by S1) in chicken manure after separating dry space from moist space and S2) in de-bag pulverize after the mixing of bacterium slag, add 30kg biological inoculum (" the three torch Lik-Sang units " microbial-bacterial fertilizer adopting Zhangzhou, Fujian three torch bio tech ltd to produce) again, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, stirred once every 1-2 days; When heap temperature drops to 50 DEG C, stirred once every 4-5 days, when heap temperature drops to envrionment temperature (20-30 DEG C), represent and become thoroughly decomposed, always need 20 ~ 25 days, room temperature airing makes its moisture content lower than 15%; S4) briquetting: utilize briquetting press, by S3) obtained mixed-matrix, be compressed into the brick-shaped matrix of 20 × 10 × 5cm; S5) pack: utilize wrapping machine, by S4) obtained brick-shaped matrix carries out machine automatization packaging.
Mulberry Seeds nursery is with embodiment 1.The results are shown in Table 1.
Reference examples
Adopt yellow soil and perlite mixed-matrix (volume ratio is 1:1), Mulberry Seeds nursery is with embodiment 1.The results are shown in Table 1.
Mulberry tree percentage of germination and growing state under table 1 different substrates condition
As can be seen from the above table, the percentage of germination of the mulberry tree cultivated by Light media of the present invention, plant height, leading thread, Aboveground Biomass of Young and root biomass are all obviously better than the mulberry saplings that yellow soil is cultivated, illustrate that the Light media effect that the present invention produces is very good, be obviously better than the yellow soil of traditional nursery and perlitic mixed-matrix.
Claims (6)
1. produce a method for seedling medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise separating dry space from moist space, de-bag is pulverized and mixes aerobe fermentation; It is characterized in that:
Described separating dry space from moist space, for dewater to agriculture and forestry organic waste material, makes its moisture content control 60 ~ 70%; Described agriculture and forestry organic waste material is feces of livestock and poultry;
The plastics bacterium bag for removing edible mushrooms bag pulverized by described de-bag, is then ground into the bacterium slag that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm;
The described aerobe fermentation that mixes is that bacterium slag after the feces of livestock and poultry after separating dry space from moist space and de-bag being pulverized mixes by 2 ~ 3:1, then the zymophyte of 1.0-2.0% is added, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 58 ~ 62 DEG C, stirred once every 1 ~ 2 day; When heap temperature drops to 48 ~ 52 DEG C, stirred once every 4 ~ 5 days, the fermentation ends when heap temperature drops to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, room temperature airing makes its moisture content≤15%.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described feces of livestock and poultry is selected from any one or a few combination in cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement etc.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described edible mushrooms bag is ramulus mori, one or more bacterium bags be mixed in wood sawdust, chaff shell, stalk.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described zymophyte is the flora with decomposition of cellulose and protein function.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described zymophyte is comprise thermophilic heat-resisting cellulomonas cartae or genus bacillus.
6. produce a method for seedling medium based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material, comprise the steps:
S1) separating dry space from moist space: utilize separating dry space from moist space machine, dewater to feces of livestock and poultry, makes its moisture content control 60 ~ 70%;
S2) de-bag is pulverized: utilize de-bag pulverizer to remove the plastics bacterium bag of edible mushrooms bag, be then ground into the bacterium slag that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm;
S3) mix aerobe fermentation: by S1) in feces of livestock and poultry after separating dry space from moist space and S2) in de-bag pulverize after bacterium slag mix in the ratio of 2 ~ 3:1, add the zymophyte of 1.0 ~ 2.0% again, mix laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably in heaps, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, stirred once every 1 ~ 2 day; When heap temperature drops to 50 DEG C, stirred once every 4 ~ 5 days, when heap temperature drops to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, represent and become thoroughly decomposed, always need 20 ~ 25 days, room temperature airing makes its moisture content≤15%;
S4) briquetting: utilize briquetting press, by S3) obtained mixed-matrix, be compressed into the brick-shaped matrix of 20 × 10 × 5cm;
S5) pack: utilize wrapping machine, by S4) obtained brick-shaped matrix carries out mechanical automation packaging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510701349.2A CN105272414A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Method for producing light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues |
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| CN201510701349.2A CN105272414A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Method for producing light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106631414A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 酒泉科聚生产力促进中心 | Preparation method of edible fungus waste material seedling substrate |
| CN107235752A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-10 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of using cow dung and edible fungi residues as the Light medium of raw material |
| CN108299055A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-07-20 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | A kind of Light media for fruit mulberry nursery |
| CN109964786A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-05 | 滨州职业学院 | The production method of the full nutrition fermentation compression cultivation matrix of beach saline land circular biological |
| CN110122264A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 湖南双晟科技信息咨询有限公司 | A method of rice nursery substrate is prepared using solid waste |
| CN112136618A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-29 | 广西禾美生态农业股份有限公司 | Chinese cabbage planting method |
| CN113016487A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-25 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for culturing seedlings of castanea henryi by using light medium |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107235752A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-10 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of using cow dung and edible fungi residues as the Light medium of raw material |
| CN108299055A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-07-20 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | A kind of Light media for fruit mulberry nursery |
| CN106631414A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 酒泉科聚生产力促进中心 | Preparation method of edible fungus waste material seedling substrate |
| CN109964786A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-05 | 滨州职业学院 | The production method of the full nutrition fermentation compression cultivation matrix of beach saline land circular biological |
| CN110122264A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 湖南双晟科技信息咨询有限公司 | A method of rice nursery substrate is prepared using solid waste |
| CN112136618A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-29 | 广西禾美生态农业股份有限公司 | Chinese cabbage planting method |
| CN113016487A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-25 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for culturing seedlings of castanea henryi by using light medium |
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