CN107043286A - It is a kind of suitable for cultivation matrix of balcony vegetables rocket salad and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of suitable for cultivation matrix of balcony vegetables rocket salad and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107043286A CN107043286A CN201710014209.7A CN201710014209A CN107043286A CN 107043286 A CN107043286 A CN 107043286A CN 201710014209 A CN201710014209 A CN 201710014209A CN 107043286 A CN107043286 A CN 107043286A
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- wormcast
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- rocket salad
- cultivation matrix
- peat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of suitable for cultivation matrix of balcony vegetables rocket salad and preparation method thereof, the matrix includes following components based on volumn concentration：Wormcast 30%~70%, peat 5%~40%, vermiculite 5%~40% and perlite 2%~20%；Described wormcast be using according to carbon-nitrogen ratio as 20~30:The mushroom slag and cow dung that 1 ratio is mixed are product of the major ingredient after Vermicomposting.The matrix is rich in organic matter, humic acid and various nutriments, containing a large amount of beneficial microbes, and three major issues can be disposably solved simultaneously：Rocket salad seedling stage nutrition problem, slow-growing, survival rate are low；Traditional cultivation matrix is substituted with the matrix, nursery dart transfer can be achieved, non-renewable resources is saved, preserves the ecological environment, realize low-carbon cycle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, and in particular to a kind of cultivation matrix and its preparation side suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, China's agricultural industry has fast development, under the influence of market and industrial level, and China's planting industry is just
To saving of labor, the transformation of efficient direction, the use of original farm manure is replaced with a large amount of chemical fertilizer；Aquaculture is to intensive, city
Suburb is drawn close, and industry size constantly expands.What byproduct in traditional agriculture had been broken in these transformations recycles link, makes
Into agricultural wastes accumulation and utilization rate reduction, and then generate more serious environmental problem and problem of resource waste.At present,
China has become the most country of agricultural solid residue quantum of output in the world, it can be seen from ASSOCIATE STATISTICS result, it is annual I
State's stalk yield is about 7 × 109t；Feces of livestock and poultry annual production is about 18.6 × 108t；Crops processing waste material year yield is about
For 1.5 × 108t.Wherein, most discarded objects are not by as a kind of utilization of resources, but arbitrarily abandoned or discharged
Into environment, a part of " resource " is become " discarded object ", strong influence is caused to ecological environment.
So-called balcony vegetables refer to indoors, in the range of balcony, roof or courtyard space, be engaged in the work of vegetable growing
It is dynamic.Because it conveyed the life idea of health, the joy of life is added, and can provide necessary in people's daily life
Victual, the effects such as life waste gas, adjusting air humidity and reduction temperature are absorbed while also having.Therefore, balcony vegetables industry
With wide business and application prospect.But there is also some problems, such as matrix quality in evolution for balcony vegetables
It is uneven, the problems such as facility lacks.
Rocket salad (Eruca sativ Mill.) is also known as rape, savoy, therefore planting vegetables has dense sesame fragrant
Taste, therefore named rocket salad.English name Garden Rocket, Rocketsalad Ropuette, are Cruciferae
(Brassicaceae) sesame Lepidium (Eruca Mill.) annual plant.Northeast, North China, northwest are mainly distributed in China
And Jiangsu, Sichuan, the ground such as Yunnan, wild or cultivation has.Rocket salad is dietotherapeutic wild plant, and its seed oil both can medicine
With, and edible；Young stem and leaf then can be edible as edible wild herbs, with a long history in folks of china.
Using the simple matrix of the compoundings such as traditional peat, vermiculite, perlite more than current balcony Vegetable culture medium, and
It is used for pH value, EC values, the porosity of balcony Vegetable culture medium etc. in research report and production widely different, without clear and definite
Matrix parameter and standard, not only the physicochemical character of matrix is poor but also lacks nutritional ingredient, result in that vegetable growth is slow, matrix into
The problems such as this is higher.With the fast development of balcony vegetables, the demand of balcony vegetables dedicated substrate increases sharply, so as to study
The cultivation matrix of the excellent suitable balcony vegetable growth of physicochemical property is extremely urgent.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultivation matrix of balcony vegetables rocket salad.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned balcony vegetables rocket salad cultivation matrix.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
It using mushroom slag and cow dung is major ingredient by earthworm that balcony vegetables rocket salad cultivation matrix provided by the present invention, which is,
After compost, then compounded with vermiculite, perlite and peat, the rocket salad cultivation matrix of formation.Using the rocket salad cultivation base
The rocket salad that matter is cultivated can overcome the technical problem in the presence of background technology.
A kind of cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad, the matrix is included with the following group based on volumn concentration
Point：Wormcast 30%~70%, peat 5%~40%, vermiculite 5%~40% and perlite 2%~20%, prescription of the present invention
In, all components volumn concentration sum is 100%；Described wormcast be using according to carbon-nitrogen ratio as 20~30:1 ratio
The mushroom slag mixed and cow dung are product of the major ingredient after Vermicomposting.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, the matrix includes following components：Wormcast 40%~60%, peat 10%~
30%th, vermiculite 10%~30% and perlite 5%~15%.It is further preferred that the matrix includes following components：Wormcast
50%th, peat 20%, vermiculite 20% and perlite 10%.Described wormcast be using according to carbon-nitrogen ratio as 25:1 ratio is carried out
The mushroom slag of mixing and cow dung are product of the major ingredient after Vermicomposting.
The above-mentioned cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad, is prepared using following steps：
(1) wormcast is prepared：Count by volume, mushroom slag and cow dung are mixed in proportion, banked up in advance after 4-8 days, be inoculated with earthworm
Earthworm, control material water content is in 60%-80%, and per turning in 7-10 days once, by 30-40 days compost, earthworm substantially will be organic
Material is decomposed and finished, separation earthworm and wormcast, you can obtain the wormcast；
(2) matrix is compounded：Wormcast prepared by step (1) is compounded in proportion with peat, vermiculite and perlite, is mixed,
Rocket salad cultivation matrix can be obtained.
The above-mentioned content of organic matter suitable for the cultivation matrix of balcony vegetables rocket salad is 280~350g/kg, N, P, K
Total nutrient is 20~28g/kg, pH5.5~6.6, EC values 1.0~2.5,0.2~0.4g/cm of unit weight3, total pore space 65~75%,
Ventilating slit 21~25%.
Application of the above-mentioned cultivation matrix in cultivation balcony vegetables rocket salad.
Present invention is generally directed to the innovation and creation of rocket salad cultivation matrix, using dealing with earthworm agricultural organic waste, have
Machine discarded object Vermicomposting product compounds balcony vegetables rocket salad cultivation matrix, reduces matrix cost, it is ensured that food security, with full
The sufficient physiological primary demand of people, reaches the purpose for improving health of people level.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is mixed after Vermicomposting using mushroom slag by a certain percentage with cow dung, and certain
The peat of ratio, vermiculite, perlite mixing, are configured to rocket salad cultivation matrix, with the cultivation matrix cultivate rocket salad with it is existing
Cultivation matrix compare, realize three innovations：
1st, wormcast has neutral meta-acid of nutrient content height, pH or so and EC is maintained within 2.5 and with good
Many merits such as total porosity and ventilating slit.
2nd, the matrix is rich in organic matter, humic acid and various nutriments, can disposably simultaneously containing a large amount of beneficial microbes
Solve three major issues：Rocket salad seedling stage nutrition problem, slow-growing, survival rate are low；
3rd, traditional cultivation matrix is substituted with the matrix, nursery dart transfer can be achieved, save non-renewable resources, protection life
State environment, realizes low-carbon cycle.
Rocket salad can be cultivated using plastic containers using the matrix, rocket salad growth is rapid, survival rate is significantly improved, plant
Stalwartness, well developed root system, the year-on-year conventional seedbed system of cost, which produces every mu, can save artificial grade for 600~900 yuan of integrated cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 prepares the wormcast of rocket salad cultivation matrix：
By mushroom slag and cow dung according to carbon-nitrogen ratio 20:1、25:1、30:1 ratio is mixed, using pure cow dung and pure mushroom slag as
Control, after bar buttress formula fermentation regulation material moisture, inoculates earthworm and is banked up：
Bar buttress formula is banked up (fast dewatering)：Mixture material strip pile shape is stacked (wide 80cm, high 30cm, length depend on the circumstances)
Bank up after 6~7 days, adjust material moisture 65%~75%；
Vermicomposting：Earthworm is inoculated with, overlying straw carries out Vermicomposting, in good time the moisture of supplement material, control material contains
Water is 70% or so, and heap temperature is at 20~30 DEG C, every turning in 7 days once, after 30~40 days, utilizes keeping away for earthworm
Photosensitiveness, separation earthworm and wormcast, obtain wormcast.
In carbon-nitrogen ratio it is 25 in mushroom slag and cow dung from table 1, table 2, table 3, table 4：When 1, the average earthworm weight of earthworm, day
Weightening multiple, daily output cocoon number, day proliferation times reach most preferably, illustrate that in carbon-nitrogen ratio be 25:When 1, earthworm is to mushroom slag and cow dung
Processing it is the most thorough, therefore be 25 from mushroom slag and cow dung carbon-nitrogen ratio:1 is used as optimal dealing with earthworm formula.
Average earthworm weight under the combination of the different material of table 1
The daily gain multiple of the lower earthworm of the different material of table 2 combination
The daily output cocoon number change of the lower earthworm of the different material of table 3 combination
The day increment multiple change of the lower earthworm of the different material of table 4 combination
The screening and preparation of the rocket salad cultivation matrix of embodiment 2
The screening that wormcast is matched with peat, vermiculite, perlite：According to the habit of rocket salad, using in embodiment 1
Mushroom slag is 25 in carbon-nitrogen ratio with cow dung：The wormcast prepared under 1 ratio, is answered using peat, vermiculite and perlite as auxiliary material
Match somebody with somebody, mix, you can obtain rocket salad cultivation matrix.
It is (3~7) in the volume ratio of wormcast, peat, vermiculite and perlite：2：2：In the range of 1, combined by different proportion
There is provided 3 formulas, using existing conventional matrix as control, set 4 processing altogether：
Formula 1：Wormcast：Peat：Vermiculite：Perlite volume ratio is 3:2:2:1 (wormcast 37.5%, peat 25%, leech
Stone 25%, perlite 12.5%)；
Formula 2：Wormcast：Peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is 4:2:2:1 (wormcast 44.45%, peat 22.22%, vermiculite
22.22%th, perlite 11.11%)；
Formula 3：Wormcast：Peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is 5:2:2:1 (wormcast 50%, peat 20%, vermiculite 20%,
Perlite 10%)；
CK：Peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is 3:1:1.
By analyzing each formula physicochemical character, influence of each formula cultivation matrix to rocket salad biomass and quality is surveyed
It is fixed, determine the suitable proportion of its each raw material.
Table 5, the result of table 6 show：Formula 2, the cultivation matrix for being formulated 3, the content of organic matter are 280~350g/kg, N, P, K
Total nutrient is 20~28g/kg, and unit weight is 0.28~0.33g/cm3, total pore space be 66~70%, macrovoid 21.8-22.5%,
PH6.25~6.53 are neutral, and EC 1.52~1.83ms/cm of value, indices are more moderate；And rocket salad biomass and battalion
Support value high, plant strain growth is more normal, indices, better than control, are than convenient matrix formulations, wherein to be formulated 3 most
It is excellent.
The physicochemical character of the different substrates of table 5 formula
Influence of the different substrates formula of table 6 to rocket salad biomass and quality
The preparation of the rocket salad cultivation matrix of embodiment 3
Use in embodiment 1 mushroom slag and cow dung in carbon-nitrogen ratio for 25：The wormcast prepared under 1 ratio and peat, vermiculite
With perlite according to volume ratio be 5：2：2：1 ratio is compounded, and is mixed, you can obtain rocket salad cultivation matrix.
Embodiment 4
Carbendazim 200g/m is added by every cube using the matrix prepared in embodiment 33Fully mix (matrix sterilization) thoroughly, enter
Row rocket salad is cultivated, and rocket salad biomass is significantly increased with quality, and the year-on-year conventional seedbed system of cost, which produces every mu, can save people
600~900 yuan of the integrated costs such as work.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad, it is characterised in that：The matrix is wrapped based on volumn concentration
Containing following components：Wormcast 30%~70%, peat 5%~40%, vermiculite 5%~40% and perlite 2%~20%；It is described
Wormcast be using according to carbon-nitrogen ratio as 20~30:The mushroom slag and cow dung that 1 ratio is mixed are that major ingredient passes through Vermicomposting
Product afterwards.
2. the cultivation matrix according to claim 1 suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad, it is characterised in that：The matrix is included
Following components：Wormcast 40%~60%, peat 10%~30%, vermiculite 10%~30% and perlite 5%~15%.
3. the cultivation matrix according to claim 2 suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad, it is characterised in that：The matrix is included
Following components：Wormcast 50%, peat 20%, vermiculite 20% and perlite 10%.
4. according to any described cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：
Described wormcast be using according to carbon-nitrogen ratio as 25:The mushroom slag and cow dung that 1 ratio is mixed are that major ingredient passes through Vermicomposting
Product afterwards.
5. according to any described cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that adopt
Prepared with following steps：
(1) wormcast is prepared：Count by volume, mushroom slag and cow dung are mixed in proportion, banked up in advance after 4-8 days, be inoculated with earthworm, control
Material moisture processed was in 60%-80%, per turning in 7-10 days once, by 30-40 days compost, and earthworm is substantially by organic materials point
Solution is finished, separation earthworm and wormcast, you can obtain the wormcast；
(2) matrix is compounded：Wormcast prepared by step (1) is compounded in proportion with peat, vermiculite and perlite, is mixed, you can
Obtain rocket salad cultivation matrix.
6. according to any described cultivation matrix suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that should
In matrix the content of organic matter be 280~350g/kg, N, P, K total nutrient be 20~28g/kg, pH5.5~6.6, EC values 1.0~
2.5,0.2~0.4g/cm of unit weight3, total pore space 65~75%, ventilating slit 21~25%.
7. any described preparation method suitable for balcony vegetables rocket salad cultivation matrix in Claims 1 to 4, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
(1) wormcast is prepared：Count by volume, mushroom slag and cow dung are mixed in proportion, banked up in advance after 4-8 days, be inoculated with earthworm, control
Material moisture processed was in 60%-80%, per turning in 7-10 days once, by 30-40 days compost, and earthworm is substantially by organic materials point
Solution is finished, separation earthworm and wormcast, you can obtain the wormcast；
(2) matrix is compounded：Wormcast prepared by step (1) is compounded in proportion with peat, vermiculite and perlite, is mixed, you can
Obtain rocket salad cultivation matrix.
8. application of any described cultivation matrix in cultivation balcony vegetables rocket salad in claim 1~6.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107926609A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 柳州雅瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108029501A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-05-15 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | A kind of vegetable nutrient diseases prevention seedling medium and preparation method and application |
| CN108782103A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州御凤天泓生物科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of marigold |
| CN110214684A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-09-10 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the dedicated strong sprout matrix of sponge gourd |
| CN112385506A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-23 | 郑明� | Preparation method of soilless culture substrate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107926609A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 柳州雅瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108029501A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-05-15 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | A kind of vegetable nutrient diseases prevention seedling medium and preparation method and application |
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| CN112385506A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-23 | 郑明� | Preparation method of soilless culture substrate |
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