CN103641598A - Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and a preparation method thereof. The medium comprises the following raw materials by weight: 32-35 parts of peat, 10-12 parts of straw, 30-35 parts of river sand, 9-12 parts of edible fungus waste residue, 10-15 parts of peanut shells, 12-25 parts of fermented livestock manure, and 5-8 parts of calcium superphosphate. The preparation method of the medium includes the steps of: blending the medium raw materials, and crushing the medium raw materials; mixing the medium raw materials, and stirring them uniformly to obtain a medium mixture; and subjecting the medium mixture to disinfection treatment, and then performing drying. The medium provided by the invention has the characteristics of reasonable ratio and low cost, is suitable for cultivation of multiple plants and can effectively promote plant rapid growth. The preparation process is simple, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve the survival rate of plant cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, be specifically related to substratum of a kind of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Podocarpus macrophyllus also claims native China fir, belongs to Podocarpaceae, Podocarpus.Podocarpus aiphyllium, leaf spirrillum alternate, strip lanceolar, in two sides, arteries and veins is remarkable, dioecy.Podocarpus tropical trees, originates in Yunnan, likes moistening and well-drained sand loam, and its shade, a little less than winter hardiness, is powerhouse in pine, cypress, China fir class to obnoxious flavour resistance.
At present, along with social development, the mankind increase gradually to the demand of plant.Plant main application can be summarized as timber, medicinal, spices, carving handicraft article etc., but it is often subject to the restriction of external environment, and the speed of growth is slow, and its growth rate is difficult to catch up with the paces of people's demand, as small-sized Podocarpus macrophyllus needs decades, just grows up to.Generally, we can improve external environment to promote the growth of plant by artificial mode, such as: artificially applying fertilizer, aerosol spray, soil improvement etc., and plant absorbs the mode of nutrition except passing through Foliage Absorption, the overwhelming majority or by nutrition and moisture in powerful Root Absorption soil, therefore improve the effective means that soil is Promoting plant growth.In general production process, people are often by being mixed multiple matrix to impose proper N phosphate fertilizer as plant culture again, though plant desired nutritional can be provided, but proportioning is coarse, service efficiency is low, survival rate is low, poor growth and can not be suitable for the cultivation of most plants, as adopt common matrix to carry out cuttage cultivation to Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar, it takes root when required and reach 90 days (Wang Aihong. Podocarpus macrophyllus cottage propagation and cultivation utilisation technology [J]. modern agriculture science and technology, 2012(23): 169-170.).Therefore, formulation science rationally, the substratum of high-efficiency environment friendly, improve plant growing survival rate, can promote quick growth of plant and can be widely used in the cultivation of various plants have extremely important meaning for people's life.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide substratum of a kind of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and preparation method thereof, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to be achieved:
The substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation the present invention relates to, described substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 6～8 parts of 32～35 parts, peat, 10～12 parts of stalks, 30～35 parts of river sands, 9～12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 10～15 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 12～25 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation and calcium superphosphate.In this substratum, peat is as Nutrition Soil, there is light weight, water holding, breathe freely and be rich in the advantages such as organic, the river sand, stalk, edible mushrooms waste residue, the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae that coordinate again corresponding proportion, be aided with the plant culture making containing enriching the fowl and animal excrement of nitrogen element and the compositions such as calcium superphosphate of phosphorus element-containing simultaneously, make that fertility is sufficient, fertilizer efficiency is long, not only can reduce the generation of disease and pest and peculiar smell, also strengthen resistance against diseases and the anti-adversity ability of plant, improve plant establishment rate.Wherein, adopt river sand as filler, not only can improve Soil structure, improve the ventilation property of soil, prevent that the newborn root system of plant from rotting, and be beneficial to the formation of root system, and the raw materials such as stalk, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse are agricultural waste, utilize effectively Promoting plant growth and can be widely used in plant growing field of substratum that above-mentioned agricultural waste makes, this has promoted the recycle of agricultural resource that scientific basis is provided for effectively to utilize agriculture waste material.In addition, the raw material sources in substratum are abundant, cheap, are conducive to reduce cultivation cost.
In described culture medium raw material, also comprised that parts by weight are the bagasse of 3～5 parts.
In described culture medium raw material, also comprised that parts by weight are the perlite of 3～8 parts, now be equipped with the perlite of suitable proportion, can play transformation Soil structure, regulate soil compaction, prevent farm crop lodging, and the ventilation property of the matrix that has additional nutrients and water-absorbent, effectively control the required fertilizer efficiency of plant and fertile degree, promote quick growth of plant.
In described culture medium raw material, stalk can be one or more of rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril.
For the nitrogen that makes to be rich in the raw materials such as stalk in substratum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the nutritive ingredient such as organic can be absorbed fast by Podocarpus macrophyllus, to promote the Fast Growth of Podocarpus macrophyllus, preferentially adopt partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and edible mushrooms waste residue by fermentation.Wherein, partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae can adopt simple and easy partial carbonization method to carry out partial carbonization processing to raw materials such as stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, concrete operations are as follows: by stockpile such as stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes in ground, after lighting, by matrix, covered tightly again, top covers one deck thin soil again and carries out smoldering, makes raw material fade to brown.In addition, can be chosen under higher temperature conditions edible mushrooms waste residue is fermented, with by the easy simple organic matter recovery of moldy metamorphism in material, the stable chemical performance that guarantees matrix, concrete operations are as follows: waste edible fungus slag muck is amassed and cover plastic cloth, make stack temperature rise to 45-65 ℃, then by turning or ventilation, carry out oxygen supply, carry out moisturizing to guarantee suitable temperature in good time, supplement nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, after for some time, temperature drops to normal temperature.
The substratum preparation method of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation of the present invention, comprise the steps: to allocate culture medium raw material, described culture medium raw material can comprise the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 6～8 parts of 32～35 parts, peat, 10～12 parts of stalks, 30～35 parts of river sands, 9～12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue and 10～15 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, fermentation 12～25 parts of fowl and animal excrements and calcium superphosphate, and described culture medium raw material is pulverized, after preferably pulverizing, raw material particle size is 2～20mm; Culture medium raw material after pulverizing is mixed, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; By the disinfection of substratum compound, after being dried, make substratum finished product.
In addition, because the stalk in culture medium raw material, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, river sand, peat and edible mushrooms waste residue etc. contain more microorganism and bacterium, easily infect plant and work the mischief.Therefore, need to carry out disinfection to substratum compound, can adopt the sterilizing agents such as potassium permanganate, formalin or quintozene to carry out disinfection, preferentially adopt 0.5% potassium permanganate solution at normal temperatures substratum compound fully to be sprayed, carry out disinfection.
Substratum of the present invention, reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, be suitable for Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and can effectively promote quick growth of plant, its preparation process is simple, feasibility is strong, can effectively improve plant growing surviving rate.Adopt culture medium of the present invention to carry out plant cuttage cultivation, the plant quality of production is good, and the production cycle, survival rate reached 85～92%, has greatly improved plant propagation competitive capacity from cuttage to gathering only 80～90 days.
Embodiment
In order to make technique means of the invention process be easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Substratum (substratum 1) comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of 32 parts, peat, 12 parts of stalks, 30 parts of river sands, 11 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 11 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 12 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation and calcium superphosphate.This substratum preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, and culture medium raw material is allocated, and pulverized that to make raw material particle size be 20mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; The 3rd step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Adopt above-mentioned technique means to carry out cuttage cultivation to Podocarpus macrophyllus, each uses respectively substratum 1 and normal soil to carry out cuttage cultivation with 100 fringe bars, the collecting sample after 30 days of growing, to the survival rate of Podocarpus chinensis, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus, Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus, on average degree of increasing, mean diameter increase thick and average root coefficient order and compare, result is as table 1.
The comparison of table 1 different substrates cuttage cultivation plant-growth effect
As seen from Table 1, with 1 pair of Podocarpus chinensis of substratum, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar, carry out cuttage cultivation, Podocarpus chinensis survival rate is 92%, on average grow tall that 5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 25, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus survival rate is 90%, on average grow tall that 4cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 24, and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus survival rate is 87%, on average grow tall that 5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 24.And with normal soil, Podocarpus chinensis, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar are carried out to cuttage cultivation, Podocarpus chinensis survival rate is 58%, on average grow tall that 2cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12, narrow leaf survival rate is 55%, on average grow tall that 1.5 cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12, and Lanyu survival rate is 54%, on average grow tall that 1.5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12.
Embodiment 2
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of 35 parts, peat, 10 parts of stalks, 35 parts of river sands, 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 14 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 22 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation and calcium superphosphate.This substratum preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, and culture medium raw material is allocated, and pulverized that to make raw material particle size be 10mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; The 3rd step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Embodiment 3
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 33 parts, peat, 12 parts of stalks, 33 parts of river sands, 9 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 12 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 20 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 8 parts and 5 portions bagasse of calcium superphosphate.This substratum preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, and culture medium raw material is allocated, and pulverized that to make raw material particle size be 10mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; The 3rd step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Embodiment 4
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 34 parts, peat, 10 parts of stalks, 34 parts of river sands, 11 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 15 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 15 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 6 parts and 8 parts perlites of calcium superphosphate.This substratum preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, and culture medium raw material is allocated, and pulverized that to make raw material particle size be 13mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; The 3rd step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Embodiment 5
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 34 parts, peat, 10 parts of stalks, 32 parts of river sands, 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, 13 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, fermentation 18 parts of fowl and animal excrements, 6 parts, 3 portions bagasse of calcium superphosphate and 5 parts of perlites.This substratum preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, and culture medium raw material is allocated, and pulverized that to make raw material particle size be 12mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, and uniform stirring, makes substratum compound; The 3rd step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; those skilled in the art is to be understood that; do not departing from aim of the present invention and scope, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a substratum for Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation, is characterized in that, described substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight:
32～35 parts, peat
10～12 parts of stalks
30～35 parts of river sands
9～12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue
10～15 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes
12～25 parts of fermentation fowl and animal excrements
5～8 parts of calcium superphosphate.
2. the substratum of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material also comprises that parts by weight are the bagasse of 3～5 parts.
3. the substratum of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material also comprises that parts by weight are the perlite of 3～8 parts.
4. according to the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described stalk is one or more in rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril.
5. according to the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described stalk is partial carbonization stalk.
6. according to the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae.
7. according to the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described edible mushrooms waste residue is the edible mushrooms waste residue of fermentation.
8. according to the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material particle diameter is 2～20mm.
9. the substratum preparation method of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) allotment culture medium raw material, and culture medium raw material is pulverized;
2) culture medium raw material after pulverizing is mixed, stir, make substratum compound;
3) by the disinfection of described substratum compound, then dry.
10. the substratum preparation method of plant growing according to claim 9, is characterized in that: at normal temperatures, adopt 0.5% potassium permanganate solution to spray substratum compound, carry out disinfection.
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| CN104926488A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Preparation method of podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN104945044A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-30 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil formula |
| CN104945105A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-30 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN104961516A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN104987169A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-21 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Preparing technology for podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
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| CN106105852A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 潜山县富源科技有限公司 | A kind of Semen Podocarpi Macrophylli nursery special nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718260A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西炎瑞农业发展有限公司 | A kind of podocarpus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107439315A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 平南县德湖种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of podocarpus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104926488A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Preparation method of podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
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| CN105347925A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 界首市两湾家庭农场 | Nutrient soil for cutting propagation of cupressus blue ice |
| CN106105852A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 潜山县富源科技有限公司 | A kind of Semen Podocarpi Macrophylli nursery special nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718260A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西炎瑞农业发展有限公司 | A kind of podocarpus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109418126A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN107439315A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 平南县德湖种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of podocarpus |
| CN107466774A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-15 | 平南县德湖种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of method for fast growing of podocarpus |
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Address after: 537200 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guigang City Jingang Avenue agricultural compound Patentee after: GUIGANG KELONG AGRICULTURE FORESTRY HIGH-TECH DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 537200 Changan Industrial Park, Guigang City, Guiping, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUIGANG KELONG AGRICULTURE FORESTRY HIGH-TECH DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. |
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