CN103641598B - Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103641598B CN103641598B CN201310598683.0A CN201310598683A CN103641598B CN 103641598 B CN103641598 B CN 103641598B CN 201310598683 A CN201310598683 A CN 201310598683A CN 103641598 B CN103641598 B CN 103641598B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and a preparation method thereof. The medium comprises the following raw materials by weight: 32-35 parts of peat, 10-12 parts of straw, 30-35 parts of river sand, 9-12 parts of edible fungus waste residue, 10-15 parts of peanut shells, 12-25 parts of fermented livestock manure, and 5-8 parts of calcium superphosphate. The preparation method of the medium includes the steps of: blending the medium raw materials, and crushing the medium raw materials; mixing the medium raw materials, and stirring them uniformly to obtain a medium mixture; and subjecting the medium mixture to disinfection treatment, and then performing drying. The medium provided by the invention has the characteristics of reasonable ratio and low cost, is suitable for cultivation of multiple plants and can effectively promote plant rapid growth. The preparation process is simple, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve the survival rate of plant cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, be specifically related to substratum of a kind of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Podocarpus macrophyllus, also known as native China fir, belongs to Podocarpaceae, Podocarpus.Podocarpus aiphyllium, leaf spirrillum alternate, strip lanceolar, in two sides, arteries and veins is remarkable, dioecy.Podocarpus tropical trees, originate in Yunnan, like moistening and well-drained sand loam, its shade, winter hardiness is weak, is most powerhouse in pine, cypress, China fir class to obnoxious flavour resistance.
At present, along with the development of society, the demand of the mankind to plant increases gradually.Plant main application can be summarized as timber, medicinal, spices, carving handicraft article etc., but it is often by the restriction of external environment, and the speed of growth is slow, and its growth rate is difficult to the paces of catching up with people's demand, and the Podocarpus macrophyllus as small-sized needs just grow up to decades.Under normal circumstances, we can improve external environment to promote the growth of plant by artificial mode, such as: artificially applying fertilizer, aerosol spray, soil improvement etc., and the mode of plant absorption nutrition is except passing through Foliage Absorption, the overwhelming majority or by the nutrition in powerful Root Absorption soil and moisture, therefore improve the most effective means that soil is Promoting plant growth.In general production process, people impose proper N phosphate fertilizer as plant culture again often through multiple matrix being carried out mixture, though plant desired nutritional can be provided, but proportioning is coarse, service efficiency is low, survival rate is low, poor growth and can not be suitable for the cultivation of most plants, as adopted generic media, cuttage cultivation is carried out to Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar, reach 90 days when it takes root required (Wang Aihong. Podocarpus macrophyllus cottage propagation and growth condition technology [J]. modern agriculture science and technology, 2012(23): 169-170.).Therefore, formulation science is reasonable, the substratum of high-efficiency environment friendly, improves plant growing survival rate, and can promote that quick growth of plant also can be widely used in the cultivation of various plants, the life for people has extremely important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide substratum of a kind of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and preparation method thereof, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to be achieved:
The substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation that the present invention relates to, described substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32 ~ 35 parts, peat, stalk 10 ~ 12 parts, river sand 30 ~ 35 parts, 9 ~ 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 10 ~ 15 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 12 ~ 25 parts and calcium superphosphate 6 ~ 8 parts.In this substratum, peat is as Nutrition Soil, there is light weight, water holding, breathe freely and be rich in the advantages such as organic, coordinate the river sand of corresponding proportion, stalk, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae again, be aided with containing the obtained plant culture of the composition such as calcium superphosphate of the fowl and animal excrement and phosphorus element-containing enriching nitrogen element simultaneously, make fertility abundance, fertilizer efficiency long, not only can reduce the generation of disease and pest and peculiar smell, also enhance resistance against diseases and the anti-adversity ability of plant, improve plant establishment rate.Wherein, adopt river sand as filler, not only Soil structure can be improved, improve the ventilation property of soil, prevent the newborn root system of plant from rotting, and be beneficial to the formation of root system, and the raw materials such as stalk, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse are agricultural waste, utilize the effective Promoting plant growth of above-mentioned agricultural waste obtained substratum energy and can be widely used in field of plant cultivation, this is the effective waste material utilizing agricultural, and the recycle facilitating agricultural resource provides scientific basis.In addition, the abundant raw material source in substratum, cheap, be conducive to reducing cultivation cost.
The bagasse that parts by weight are 3 ~ 5 parts is further comprises in described culture medium raw material.
The perlite that parts by weight are 3 ~ 8 parts is further comprises in described culture medium raw material, now be equipped with the perlite of suitable proportion, transformation Soil structure can be played, regulate soil compaction, prevent farm crop from lodging, and the ventilation property of the matrix that has additional nutrients and water-absorbent, effectively control fertilizer efficiency and fertile degree needed for plant, promote quick growth of plant.
In described culture medium raw material, stalk can be rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril one or more.
Absorbed fast by Podocarpus macrophyllus to enable the nutritive ingredients such as the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the organic matter that are rich in the raw materials such as the stalk in substratum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse, to promote the quick growth of Podocarpus macrophyllus, preferential employing partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and edible mushrooms waste residue by fermentation.Wherein, partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae can adopt simple and easy partial carbonization method to carry out partial carbonization process to the raw material such as stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, concrete operations are as follows: by the stockpile such as stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae in ground, covered tightly by matrix again after lighting, top covers one deck thin soil again and carries out smoldering, makes raw material fade to brown.In addition, can select under higher temperature conditions, edible mushrooms waste residue to be fermented, with the simple organic matter recovery by moldy metamorphism easy in material, ensure the stable chemical performance of matrix, concrete operations are as follows: amassed by waste edible fungus slag muck and cover plastic cloth, make stack temperature rise to 45-65 DEG C, then oxygen supply is carried out by turning or ventilation, carry out moisturizing to guarantee the temperature be suitable for, supplement nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, after for some time, temperature drops to normal temperature in good time.
The medium preparation method of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation of the present invention, comprise the steps: to allocate culture medium raw material, described culture medium raw material can comprise the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32 ~ 35 parts, peat, stalk 10 ~ 12 parts, river sand 30 ~ 35 parts, 9 ~ 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 10 ~ 15 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 12 ~ 25 parts and calcium superphosphate 6 ~ 8 parts, and described culture medium raw material is pulverized, after preferably pulverizing, raw material particle size is 2 ~ 20mm; Culture medium raw material after pulverizing is mixed, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; By the disinfection of substratum compound, obtained substratum finished product after dry.
In addition, because the stalk in culture medium raw material, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, river sand, peat and edible mushrooms waste residue etc. are containing more microorganism and bacterium, easily infect plant and work the mischief.Therefore, need to carry out disinfection to substratum compound, the sterilizing agents such as potassium permanganate, formalin or quintozene can be adopted to carry out disinfection, and preferential 0.5% potassium permanganate solution that adopts fully sprays substratum compound at normal temperatures, carries out disinfection.
Substratum of the present invention, reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, be suitable for Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation and effectively can promote quick growth of plant, its preparation process is simple, feasibility is strong, can effectively improve plant growing surviving rate.Adopt culture medium of the present invention to carry out plant cuttage cultivation, the plant quality of production is good, and the production cycle, survival rate, to 85 ~ 92%, greatly improved plant propagation competitive capacity from cuttage to gathering only 80 ~ 90 days.
Embodiment
Being easy to make technique means of the invention process understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention being further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Substratum (substratum 1) comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32 parts, peat, stalk 12 parts, river sand 30 parts, 11 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 11 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 12 parts and calcium superphosphate 6 parts.This medium preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, is allocated by culture medium raw material, and carries out pulverizing and make raw material particle size be 20mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; 3rd step, adopts the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5% to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, then the compound after sterilization is carried out drying.
Above-mentioned technique means is adopted to carry out cuttage cultivation to Podocarpus macrophyllus, respectively substratum 1 and normal soil is used to carry out cuttage cultivation respectively with 100 fringe bars, grow collecting sample after 30 days, to Podocarpus chinensis, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus, the survival rate of Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus, on average degree of increasing, mean diameter increases slightly and average root coefficient order compares, and result is as table 1.
Table 1 different substrates cuttage cultivation plant-growth effectiveness comparison
As seen from Table 1, cuttage cultivation is carried out with substratum 1 pair of Podocarpus chinensis, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar, Podocarpus chinensis survival rate is 92%, on average grow tall that 5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 25, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus survival rate is 90%, on average grow tall that 4cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 24, and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus survival rate is 87%, on average grow tall that 5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 24.And with normal soil, cuttage cultivation is carried out to Podocarpus chinensis, narrow leaf Podocarpus macrophyllus and Lanyu Podocarpus macrophyllus fringe bar, Podocarpus chinensis survival rate is 58%, on average grow tall that 2cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12, narrow leaf survival rate is 55%, on average grow tall that 1.5 cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12, and Lanyu survival rate is 54%, on average grow tall that 1.5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 12.
Embodiment 2
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 35 parts, peat, stalk 10 parts, river sand 35 parts, 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 14 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 22 parts and calcium superphosphate 5 parts.This medium preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, is allocated by culture medium raw material, and carries out pulverizing and make raw material particle size be 10mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; 3rd step, adopts the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5% to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, then the compound after sterilization is carried out drying.
Embodiment 3
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 33 parts, peat, stalk 12 parts, river sand 33 parts, 9 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 12 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 20 parts, calcium superphosphate 8 parts and 5 portions of bagasse.This medium preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, is allocated by culture medium raw material, and carries out pulverizing and make raw material particle size be 10mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; 3rd step, adopts the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5% to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, then the compound after sterilization is carried out drying.
Embodiment 4
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 34 parts, peat, stalk 10 parts, river sand 34 parts, 11 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 15 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 15 parts, calcium superphosphate 6 parts and 8 parts of perlites.This medium preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, is allocated by culture medium raw material, and carries out pulverizing and make raw material particle size be 13mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; 3rd step, adopts the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5% to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, then the compound after sterilization is carried out drying.
Embodiment 5
Substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 34 parts, peat, stalk 10 parts, river sand 32 parts, 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 13 parts, fermentation fowl and animal excrement 18 parts, calcium superphosphate 6 parts, 3 portions of bagasse and 5 parts of perlites.This medium preparation method, comprises the following steps: the first step, is allocated by culture medium raw material, and carries out pulverizing and make raw material particle size be 12mm; Second step, mixes the culture medium raw material after pulverizing, uniform stirring, obtained substratum compound; 3rd step, adopts the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5% to the disinfection of above-mentioned substratum compound, then the compound after sterilization is carried out drying.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted; those skilled in the art is to be understood that; do not departing from the purpose and scope of the invention, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, it all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a substratum for Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation, it is characterized in that, described substratum comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight:
32 ~ 35 parts, peat
Stalk 10 ~ 12 parts
River sand 30 ~ 35 parts
9 ~ 12 parts, edible mushrooms waste residue
Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 10 ~ 15 parts
Fermentation fowl and animal excrement 12 ~ 25 parts
Calcium superphosphate 5 ~ 8 parts.
2. the substratum of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material also comprises the bagasse that parts by weight are 3 ~ 5 parts.
3. the substratum of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material also comprises the perlite that parts by weight are 3 ~ 8 parts.
4. the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described stalk is one or more in rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril.
5. the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described stalk is partial carbonization stalk.
6. the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is partial carbonization Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae.
7. the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described edible mushrooms waste residue is the edible mushrooms waste residue of fermentation.
8. the substratum of the Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described culture medium raw material particle diameter is 2 ~ 20mm.
9. the medium preparation method of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) allocate culture medium raw material, and culture medium raw material is pulverized;
2) by the culture medium raw material mixing after pulverizing, stir, obtained substratum compound;
3) by the disinfection of described substratum compound, then dry.
10. the medium preparation method of Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation according to claim 9, is characterized in that: at normal temperatures, adopts 0.5% potassium permanganate solution to spray substratum compound, carries out disinfection.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104961516A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN104945105A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-30 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN104945044A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-30 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil formula |
| CN104926488A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Preparation method of podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN104987169A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-21 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Preparing technology for podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN105309185A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-10 | 罗城仫佬族自治县永富生态种养农民专业合作社 | Organic grape planting method |
| CN105347925A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 界首市两湾家庭农场 | Nutrient soil for cutting propagation of cupressus blue ice |
| CN106105852A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 潜山县富源科技有限公司 | A kind of Semen Podocarpi Macrophylli nursery special nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718260A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西炎瑞农业发展有限公司 | A kind of podocarpus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109418126A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN107466774A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-15 | 平南县德湖种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of method for fast growing of podocarpus |
| CN107439315A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 平南县德湖种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of podocarpus |
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